Escherichia coli P68 is a facultative anaerobe, Gram-negative, motile bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae.
Gram-negative motile rod-shaped facultative anaerobe genome sequence Bacteria| @ref 20215 |
Last LPSN update
2026-02-09 11:33:06 |
| Domain Bacteria |
| Phylum Pseudomonadota |
| Class Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order Enterobacterales |
| Family Enterobacteriaceae |
| Genus Escherichia |
| Species Escherichia coli |
| Full scientific name Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980) |
| Synonyms (1) |
| 39455 | Oxygen tolerancefacultative anaerobe |
| @ref | Chebi-ID | Metabolite | Utilization activity | Kind of utilization tested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68371 | 17057 ChEBI | cellobiose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 16947 ChEBI | citrate | - | carbon source | |
| 68371 | 18333 ChEBI | D-arabitol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 15824 ChEBI | D-fructose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 28847 ChEBI | D-fucose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 12936 ChEBI | D-galactose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17634 ChEBI | D-glucose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 62318 ChEBI | D-lyxose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 16899 ChEBI | D-mannitol | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 16024 ChEBI | D-mannose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 16988 ChEBI | D-ribose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17924 ChEBI | D-sorbitol | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 16443 ChEBI | D-tagatose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 65327 ChEBI | D-xylose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17113 ChEBI | erythritol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 4853 ChEBI | esculin | + | hydrolysis | |
| 68371 | 16813 ChEBI | galactitol | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 24265 ChEBI | gluconate | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 17234 ChEBI | glucose | + | fermentation | |
| 39455 | 17234 ChEBI | glucose | + | degradation | |
| 68371 | 17754 ChEBI | glycerol | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 28087 ChEBI | glycogen | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 15443 ChEBI | inulin | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 30849 ChEBI | L-arabinose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 18403 ChEBI | L-arabitol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 18287 ChEBI | L-fucose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 62345 ChEBI | L-rhamnose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17266 ChEBI | L-sorbose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 65328 ChEBI | L-xylose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 17716 ChEBI | lactose | + | fermentation | |
| 68371 | 17716 ChEBI | lactose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 15792 ChEBI | malonate | - | assimilation | |
| 68371 | 17306 ChEBI | maltose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 29864 ChEBI | mannitol | + | fermentation | |
| 68371 | 6731 ChEBI | melezitose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 28053 ChEBI | melibiose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 320061 ChEBI | methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 43943 ChEBI | methyl alpha-D-mannoside | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 74863 ChEBI | methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17268 ChEBI | myo-inositol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 59640 ChEBI | N-acetylglucosamine | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 17632 ChEBI | nitrate | + | reduction | |
| 39455 | 16301 ChEBI | nitrite | + | reduction | |
| 68371 | Potassium 2-ketogluconate | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid | |
| 68371 | Potassium 5-ketogluconate | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid | |
| 68371 | 16634 ChEBI | raffinose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 15963 ChEBI | ribitol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 39455 | 132112 ChEBI | sodium thiosulfate | - | builds gas from | |
| 68371 | 17992 ChEBI | sucrose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 27082 ChEBI | trehalose | + | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 32528 ChEBI | turanose | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| 68371 | 17151 ChEBI | xylitol | - | builds acid from | from API 50CH acid |
| @ref | Metabolite | Is sensitive | Is resistant | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39455 | 0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate) |
| @ref | Value | Activity | Ec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68382 | acid phosphatase | + | 3.1.3.2 | from API zym |
| 39455 | alcohol dehydrogenase | - | 1.1.1.1 | |
| 68382 | alkaline phosphatase | + | 3.1.3.1 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-chymotrypsin | - | 3.4.21.1 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-fucosidase | - | 3.2.1.51 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-galactosidase | - | 3.2.1.22 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-glucosidase | + | 3.2.1.20 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-mannosidase | - | 3.2.1.24 | from API zym |
| 39455 | beta-galactosidase | + | 3.2.1.23 | |
| 68382 | beta-galactosidase | + | 3.2.1.23 | from API zym |
| 68382 | beta-glucosidase | - | 3.2.1.21 | from API zym |
| 68382 | beta-glucuronidase | - | 3.2.1.31 | from API zym |
| 39455 | catalase | + | 1.11.1.6 | |
| 68382 | cystine arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.3 | from API zym |
| 68382 | esterase (C 4) | + | from API zym | |
| 68382 | esterase lipase (C 8) | - | from API zym | |
| 39455 | gelatinase | - | ||
| 68382 | leucine arylamidase | + | 3.4.11.1 | from API zym |
| 68382 | lipase (C 14) | - | from API zym | |
| 39455 | lysine decarboxylase | + | 4.1.1.18 | |
| 68382 | N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase | - | 3.2.1.52 | from API zym |
| 68382 | naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase | + | from API zym | |
| 39455 | ornithine decarboxylase | + | 4.1.1.17 | |
| 39455 | oxidase | - | ||
| 39455 | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase | - | 4.3.1.24 | |
| 68382 | trypsin | + | 3.4.21.4 | from API zym |
| 39455 | tryptophan deaminase | - | ||
| 39455 | urease | - | 3.5.1.5 | |
| 68382 | valine arylamidase | + | from API zym |
| @ref | ControlQ | GLY | ERY | DARA | LARA | RIB | DXYL | LXYL | ADO | MDX | GAL | GLU | FRU | MNE | SBE | RHA | DUL | INO | MAN | SOR | MDM | MDG | NAG | AMY | ARB | ESC | SAL | CEL | MAL | LAC | MEL | SAC | TRE | INU | MLZ | RAF | AMD | GLYG | XLT | GEN | TUR | LYX | TAG | DFUC | LFUC | DARL | LARL | GNT | 2KG | 5KG | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39455 | not determinedn.d. | + | - | +/- | + | + | + | - | - | - | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | - | - | + | +/- | +/- | +/- | +/- | - | + | + | + | + | + | - | - | + | +/- | - | - | +/- | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | + | - | + |
| Topic | Title | Authors | Journal | DOI | Year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pathogenicity | Sxt1, Isolated from a Therapeutic Phage Cocktail, Is a Broader Host Range Relative of the Phage T3. | Iarema P, Kotovskaya O, Skutel M, Drobiazko A, Moiseenko A, Sokolova O, Samitova A, Korostin D, Severinov K, Isaev A. | Viruses | 10.3390/v16121905 | 2024 | |
| Physics of swimming and its fitness cost determine strategies of bacterial investment in flagellar motility. | Lisevich I, Colin R, Yang HY, Ni B, Sourjik V. | Nat Commun | 10.1038/s41467-025-56980-x | 2025 | | |
| Pathogenicity | Enterobacteria Phage SV76 Host Range and Genomic Characterization. | Carmody CM, Farquharson EL, Nugen SR. | Phage (New Rochelle) | 10.1089/phage.2022.0005 | 2022 | |
| Pathogenicity | Enterobacteria Phage Ac3's Genome Annotation and Host Range Analysis Against the ECOR Reference Library. | Farquharson EL, Nugen SR. | Phage (New Rochelle) | 10.1089/phage.2022.0008 | 2022 | |
| In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of the Potential of Escherichia coli Phages to Treat Infections and Survive Gastric Conditions. | Kaczorowska J, Casey E, Lugli GA, Ventura M, Clarke DJ, van Sinderen D, Mahony J. | Microorganisms | 10.3390/microorganisms9091869 | 2021 | | |
| Genetics | Novel Multiplex PCR Method and Genome Sequence-Based Analog for High-Resolution Subclonal Assignment and Characterization of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Isolates. | Johnston BD, Gordon DM, Burn S, Johnson TJ, Weber BP, Miller EA, Johnson JR. | Microbiol Spectr | 10.1128/spectrum.01064-22 | 2022 | |
| Pathogenicity | Associations among Antibiotic and Phage Resistance Phenotypes in Natural and Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates. | Allen RC, Pfrunder-Cardozo KR, Meinel D, Egli A, Hall AR. | mBio | 10.1128/mbio.01341-17 | 2017 | |
| Genetics | Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Priority Serotypes of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and the Development of Multiplex PCR for Their Detection. | Kiel M, Sagory-Zalkind P, Miganeh C, Stork C, Leimbach A, Sekse C, Mellmann A, Rechenmann F, Dobrindt U. | Front Microbiol | 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01321 | 2018 | |
| Metabolism | Prokaryotic Organelles: Bacterial Microcompartments in E. coli and Salmonella. | Stewart KL, Stewart AM, Bobik TA. | EcoSal Plus | 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0025-2019 | 2020 | |
| Natural DNA uptake by Escherichia coli. | Sinha S, Redfield RJ. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0035620 | 2012 | | |
| Phylogenetic structure and evolution of regulatory genes and integrases of P2-like phages. | Nilsson H, Cardoso-Palacios C, Haggard-Ljungquist E, Nilsson AS. | Bacteriophage | 10.4161/bact.1.4.18470 | 2011 | | |
| Phylogeny | Defining the phylogenomics of Shigella species: a pathway to diagnostics. | Sahl JW, Morris CR, Emberger J, Fraser CM, Ochieng JB, Juma J, Fields B, Breiman RF, Gilmour M, Nataro JP, Rasko DA. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.03527-14 | 2015 | |
| Occurrence of hlyA and sheA genes in extraintestinal Escherichia coli strains. | Kerenyi M, Allison HE, Batai I, Sonnevend A, Emody L, Plaveczky N, Pal T. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.43.6.2965-2968.2005 | 2005 | | |
| Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. V. Recombination patterns among strains of diverse origin. | Milkman R, Raleigh EA, McKane M, Cryderman D, Bilodeau P, McWeeny K. | Genetics | 10.1093/genetics/153.2.539 | 1999 | | |
| Phylogeny | Phylogeny, clinical associations, and diagnostic utility of the pilin subunit gene (sfpA) of sorbitol-fermenting, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H-. | Friedrich AW, Nierhoff KV, Bielaszewska M, Mellmann A, Karch H. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.42.10.4697-4701.2004 | 2004 | |
| Enzymology | Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of common strains of Escherichia coli. | Hill J, Beriwal S, Chandra I, Paul VK, Kapil A, Singh T, Wadowsky RM, Singh V, Goyal A, Jahnukainen T, Johnson JR, Tarr PI, Vats A. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.00152-08 | 2008 | |
| Naturally resident and exogenously applied T4-like and T5-like bacteriophages can reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 levels in sheep guts. | Raya RR, Oot RA, Moore-Maley B, Wieland S, Callaway TR, Kutter EM, Brabban AD. | Bacteriophage | 10.4161/bact.1.1.14175 | 2011 | | |
| Synergistic effects in mixed Escherichia coli biofilms: conjugative plasmid transfer drives biofilm expansion. | Reisner A, Holler BM, Molin S, Zechner EL. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.188.10.3582-3588.2006 | 2006 | | |
| Phylogeny | Identification of type 3 fimbriae in uropathogenic Escherichia coli reveals a role in biofilm formation. | Ong CL, Ulett GC, Mabbett AN, Beatson SA, Webb RI, Monaghan W, Nimmo GR, Looke DF, McEwan AG, Schembri MA. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.01523-07 | 2008 | |
| Phylogeny | Phylogenetic distribution of branched RNA-linked multicopy single-stranded DNA among natural isolates of Escherichia coli. | Herzer PJ, Inouye S, Inouye M, Whittam TS. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.172.11.6175-6181.1990 | 1990 | |
| Metabolism | A degenerate type III secretion system from septicemic Escherichia coli contributes to pathogenesis. | Ideses D, Gophna U, Paitan Y, Chaudhuri RR, Pallen MJ, Ron EZ. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.187.23.8164-8171.2005 | 2005 | |
| Correlation of Rhs elements with Escherichia coli population structure. | Hill CW, Feulner G, Brody MS, Zhao S, Sadosky AB, Sandt CH. | Genetics | 10.1093/genetics/141.1.15 | 1995 | | |
| Metabolism | Osmoregulatory systems of Escherichia coli: identification of betaine-carnitine-choline transporter family member BetU and distributions of betU and trkG among pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates. | Ly A, Henderson J, Lu A, Culham DE, Wood JM. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.186.2.296-306.2004 | 2004 | |
| The ETT2 gene cluster, encoding a second type III secretion system from Escherichia coli, is present in the majority of strains but has undergone widespread mutational attrition. | Ren CP, Chaudhuri RR, Fivian A, Bailey CM, Antonio M, Barnes WM, Pallen MJ. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.186.11.3547-3560.2004 | 2004 | | |
| Diversity and host range of Shiga toxin-encoding phage. | Gamage SD, Patton AK, Hanson JF, Weiss AA. | Infect Immun | 10.1128/iai.72.12.7131-7139.2004 | 2004 | | |
| Metabolism | Four different genes responsible for nonimmune immunoglobulin-binding activities within a single strain of Escherichia coli. | Sandt CH, Hill CW. | Infect Immun | 10.1128/iai.68.4.2205-2214.2000 | 2000 | |
| Metabolism | Nonimmune binding of human immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG Fc by distinct sequence segments of the EibF cell surface protein of Escherichia coli. | Sandt CH, Hill CW. | Infect Immun | 10.1128/iai.69.12.7293-7203.2001 | 2001 | |
| Metabolism | Activation of prophage eib genes for immunoglobulin-binding proteins by genes from the IbrAB genetic island of Escherichia coli ECOR-9. | Sandt CH, Hopper JE, Hill CW. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.184.13.3640-3648.2002 | 2002 | |
| Natural populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium harbor the same classes of insertion sequences. | Bisercic M, Ochman H. | Genetics | 10.1093/genetics/133.3.449 | 1993 | | |
| Enzymology | Antibiotic resistance and population structure in Escherichia coli from free-ranging African yellow baboons. | Routman E, Miller RD, Phillips-Conroy J, Hartl DL. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.50.4.749-754.1985 | 1985 | |
| Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. III. Clonal frames. | Milkman R, Bridges MM. | Genetics | 10.1093/genetics/126.3.505 | 1990 | | |
| In vivo identification of multiple promoter domains of adenovirus EIIA-late promoter. | Bhat G, SivaRaman L, Murthy S, Domer P, Thimmappaya B. | EMBO J | 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02469.x | 1987 | |
How to citeIf you want to cite this particular strain cite the following doi:
https://doi.org/10.13145/bacdive138320.20251217.10
When using BacDive for research please cite the following paper
BacDive in 2025: the core database for prokaryotic strain data
License