Bacillus subtilis (DSM 2109, ATCC 11774, NCTC 8236)

Name: Bacillus subtilis (DSM 2109, ATCC 11774, NCTC 8236)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 967

Type strain

Culture col. no. DSM 2109 ATCC 11774 NCTC 8236 CCUG 50054 NCIMB 8739 2 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1423

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG CIP

Links

Bacillus subtilis DSM 2109 is an obligate aerobe, spore-forming, mesophilic prokaryote that produces antibiotic compounds.

antibiotic compound production spore-forming Gram-positive motile rod-shaped obligate aerobe mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 35425

ATCC 11774,NCTC 8236,DSM 2109,NCIB 8739,NCIMB 8739,CCM2217,IMET10899,NCIMB9269,NCIB 8565,CIP 1.83,LMD 80.10,CECT 35,NCCB 80010,BCRC 16068,CCRC 16068,CCUG 50054,NBIMCC 1711,NCIM 2717,NCIM 2718,NCIB 9269,ACM 2789,CNCTC 6217,CGMCC 1.3382

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:46:59

Domain Bacillati

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Caryophanales

Family Bacillaceae

Genus Bacillus

Species Bacillus subtilis

Full scientific name Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (1)

"Vibrio subtilis"

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Bacillus subtilis** (270)	Type strain
1172	B. subtilis Marburg, 744, DSM 10, ATCC 6051, CCM 2216, ... (type strain)
962	B. subtilis DSM 1088, IFO 13169, NBRC 13169, OUT 8353
963	B. subtilis RCTI 140, DSM 1089, IFO 3026, NBRC 3026, ...
964	B. subtilis DSM 1092, IFO 3009, NBRC 3009, OUT 8235
965	B. subtilis DSM 1970, ATCC 21228, SC 8584 (SO-4)
966	B. subtilis 4-3 Ky, DSM 1971, ATCC 21394
969	B. subtilis SA 22, DSM 4181, NCA 72-52
970	B. subtilis natto 3335 UM4, 3335 UM4, pLS20, DSM 4449
971	B. subtilis natto 3335 UM8, pLS20, 3335 UM8, DSM 4450, ...
972	B. subtilis DSM 4451
973	B. subtilis DB163, pGR71, DSM 4515
974	B. subtilis pMW1, DSM 4608, BR 157
975	B. subtilis DSM 5552, NRS 254
976	B. subtilis DSM 5611, NRRL B-360, NRS 230
977	B. subtilis SB 491, DSM 6397, BGSC 1A2
978	B. subtilis DSM 13019, SSI MK1
979	B. subtilis DSM 21393
980	B. subtilis ES2-W11c1, DSM 30651
981	B. subtilis ES2-W11c2, DSM 30652
982	B. subtilis ES1-131, DSM 30512
983	B. subtilis ES1-179-1, DSM 30529
984	B. subtilis ES1-181-2, DSM 30533
985	B. subtilis ES1-182-1, DSM 30534
986	B. subtilis ES1-188-2, DSM 30540
987	B. subtilis ES1-188-3, DSM 30541
988	B. subtilis ES1-227, DSM 30551
989	B. subtilis ES1-257-2, DSM 30558
990	B. subtilis ES1-272, DSM 30562
991	B. subtilis ES1-306a, DSM 30570
992	B. subtilis ES1-311-1, DSM 30581
993	B. subtilis ES2-8b1, DSM 30597
994	B. subtilis FR2-W7Bb, DSM 30711
995	B. subtilis ES2-W7c1, DSM 30642
996	B. subtilis FR2-S1Ab, DSM 30671
997	B. subtilis FR2-S6Ba, DSM 30676
998	B. subtilis FR2-S7Aa, DSM 30677
999	B. subtilis FR2-S11Ca, DSM 30682
1000	B. subtilis FR1-49con, DSM 30723
1001	B. subtilis TW17/1, DSM 30801
1002	B. subtilis 1E9(pBC16), DSM 23521
1003	B. subtilis strain 168, DSM 23778
1004	B. subtilis YB886, DSM 25152
1156	B. subtilis 168, DSM 402, NBRC 111470, NCIB 10106, JCM ...
1157	B. subtilis S 237, DSM 1090, OUT 8424
1158	B. subtilis S 239, DSM 1091, OUT 8425
1159	B. subtilis DSM 3256, IAM 1213
1160	B. subtilis DSM 3257, IAM 1259, JCM 20132
1170	B. subtilis DSM 5213, BGSC 1A40, BR 151
1171	B. subtilis BD 393, DSM 5214, BGSC 1A511
1173	B. subtilis CU 1050, DSM 5545, BGSC 1A459/SU+III, HER ...
1174	B. subtilis DSM 5660, NRRL B-362, NRS 624
1175	B. subtilis 110NA, DSM 5547, HER 1243
1176	B. subtilis DSM 6198, ATCC 39090, BGSC 1S53
1177	B. subtilis RUB 331, DSM 6223, ATCC 31578
1179	B. subtilis NP40, 1A309, DSM 6887, BGSC 1A309
1180	B. subtilis 1A658, DA 65, DSM 6889, BGSC 1A658
1186	B. subtilis DSM 9565, ATCC 33677, BR 151
130881	B. subtilis T3_6, DSM 31033
130880	B. subtilis D13-1, DSM 100614
130877	B. subtilis FS3-1, DSM 100605
130878	B. subtilis D6-1, DSM 100612
130879	B. subtilis D8-1, DSM 100613
130876	B. subtilis Amp-T18, DSM 28592
22915	B. subtilis P5/4_1, DSM 30924
22916	B. subtilis P8/5_1, DSM 30927
22917	B. subtilis P8/15_1, DSM 30928
22918	B. subtilis P10/7_1, DSM 30929
22919	B. subtilis P10/14_1, DSM 30925
23667	B. subtilis D1, DSM 30941
23668	B. subtilis D-FC1, DSM 30942
130185	B. subtilis G20, DSM 31020
130186	B. subtilis G23, DSM 31021
130187	B. subtilis b9_4, DSM 31008
130188	B. subtilis b9_5, DSM 31009
130189	B. subtilis b9_6, DSM 31010
131652	B. subtilis Stev2, DSM 103044
131653	B. subtilis Stev9, DSM 103047
131654	B. subtilis Stev18, DSM 103051
131655	B. subtilis D36_1, DSM 103758
134612	B. subtilis PM 15, CIP 76.53
134701	B. subtilis AA 56, CIP 76.87
134853	B. subtilis FS 437, CIP 76.34
134854	B. subtilis PM 43, CIP 76.63
134856	B. subtilis FS 32, CIP 76.81
134857	B. subtilis AA 77, CIP 76.91
134858	B. subtilis AA 79, CIP 76.92
134859	B. subtilis AA 92, CIP 76.93
135155	B. subtilis FA 10, CIP 76.72
135173	B. subtilis FF 25, CIP 76.80
135255	B. subtilis CIP 51.55
135269	B. subtilis FD 10, CIP 76.29
135270	B. subtilis FE 9, CIP 76.30
135280	B. subtilis CIP 61.6, ATCC 4529, NRRL NRS-1004, NRRL: ...
135297	B. subtilis PM 16, CIP 76.54
135365	B. subtilis NRS-230, CIP 52.66
135516	B. subtilis 1576, CIP 51.15
135545	B. subtilis CIP 51.51
135547	B. subtilis PM 14, CIP 76.52
135577	B. subtilis PM 44, CIP 76.64
135581	B. subtilis PM 26, CIP 76.56
135590	B. subtilis PM 32, CIP 76.57
135620	B. subtilis 5a, CIP 61.7, NCTC 2590
135643	B. subtilis PM 36, CIP 76.58
135676	B. subtilis PM 39, CIP 76.60
135695	B. subtilis AB 93-8-1, CIP 76.44
135696	B. subtilis AB 53, CIP 76.103
135697	B. subtilis AB 72, CIP 76.104
135698	B. subtilis AB 73, CIP 76.105
135699	B. subtilis AD 8, CIP 76.106
135700	B. subtilis AD 19, CIP 76.107
135701	B. subtilis AA 48, CIP 76.108
135783	B. subtilis PM 42, CIP 76.62
135784	B. subtilis EV 15, CIP 76.70
135900	B. subtilis CIP 104473, ATCC 19659, IFO 13722, PRD 66
135909	B. subtilis 3R9675, CIP 54.10, ATCC 9524
136058	B. subtilis CIP A33
136375	B. subtilis B-558, CIP 53.159, ATCC 9466, IAM 1026, NCDO ...
136391	B. subtilis CIP 53.173, NCTC 2121
136392	B. subtilis CIP 53.174, ATCC 8190, NCTC 2118
136394	B. subtilis CIP 53.176, NCTC 2116
136395	B. subtilis CIP 53.178, NCTC 2123
136501	B. subtilis 168 CA, CIP 106309
136948	B. subtilis AA 4, CIP 76.83
136959	B. subtilis AA 16, CIP 76.85
136969	B. subtilis AA 5, CIP 76.84
136972	B. subtilis AA 51, CIP 76.86
136975	B. subtilis AA 57, CIP 76.88
136991	B. subtilis AA 62, CIP 76.89
136992	B. subtilis AA 64, CIP 76.90
137036	B. subtilis B2, CIP 55.96
137087	B. subtilis FE 6, CIP 76.75
137100	B. subtilis PM 25, CIP 76.55
137129	B. subtilis AA 2, CIP 76.82
137272	B. subtilis 796, CIP 104611, ATCC 82, ATCC 8037
137292	B. subtilis CIP 53.179, ATCC 8188, NCTC 2122
137348	B. subtilis FS 381, CIP 76.32
137349	B. subtilis FS 436, CIP 76.33
137416	B. subtilis PM 13, CIP 76.51
137419	B. subtilis AC 27, CIP 76.96
137433	B. subtilis AC 28, CIP 76.97
137537	B. subtilis CIP A4
137923	B. subtilis 99-86, CIP 102199
138447	B. subtilis CIP 51.48
138480	B. subtilis CIP 51.54
138711	B. subtilis PM 37, CIP 76.48
138730	B. subtilis PM 40, CIP 76.49
138739	B. subtilis PM 7, CIP 76.50
138763	B. subtilis AC 32, CIP 76.99
138773	B. subtilis AC 33, CIP 76.100
138777	B. subtilis AC 34, CIP 76.101
138779	B. subtilis AC 35, CIP 76.102
138875	B. subtilis FE 19, CIP 76.79
138909	B. subtilis Caron, CIP A155
138915	B. subtilis PM 38, CIP 76.59
138956	B. subtilis AB 12, CIP 76.35
138957	B. subtilis 168, CIP 76.45
138958	B. subtilis PM 6, CIP 76.46
138959	B. subtilis CB 22, CIP 76.26
138964	B. subtilis DB 16, CIP 76.27
138965	B. subtilis FA 10, CIP 76.28
138967	B. subtilis FS 336, CIP 76.31
138968	B. subtilis FS 223, CIP 76.38
138970	B. subtilis FS 319, CIP 76.36
138971	B. subtilis AB 35, CIP 76.37
138972	B. subtilis FS 382, CIP 76.39
138973	B. subtilis AB 34, CIP 76.40
138974	B. subtilis AA 32, CIP 76.41
138975	B. subtilis AB 91-2-2, CIP 76.43
138976	B. subtilis PM 9, CIP 76.47
138979	B. subtilis PM 41, CIP 76.61
138980	B. subtilis PM 47, CIP 76.65
138981	B. subtilis PM 49, CIP 76.66
138982	B. subtilis SB 5-2, CIP 76.67
138983	B. subtilis BD 68, CIP 76.68
138984	B. subtilis EC 21, CIP 76.69
138985	B. subtilis EV 16, CIP 76.71
138986	B. subtilis FA 20-1, CIP 76.73
138987	B. subtilis FC 10, CIP 76.74
138988	B. subtilis FE 10, CIP 76.76
138989	B. subtilis FE 20, CIP 76.77
138990	B. subtilis FF 15, CIP 76.78
138992	B. subtilis AA 94, CIP 76.94
138993	B. subtilis AB 8, CIP 76.95
138994	B. subtilis AC 31, CIP 76.98
138995	B. subtilis AB 34-1, CIP 76.42
139174	B. subtilis 543, CIP 51.49
139209	B. subtilis CIP 102517
139407	B. subtilis CIP 53.175, NCTC 2119
139411	B. subtilis CIP 53.177, NCTC 2117
139520	B. subtilis Parry1, CIP 110271, NCIMB 13061, NCTC 5398, ...
139538	B. subtilis RS2008, CIP 109935
139539	B. subtilis CIP 63.8
141283	B. subtilis CCUG 625
141686	B. subtilis CCUG 4783
142101	B. subtilis CCUG 10780, ATCC 12432, NCTC 10315, ATCC ...
142397	B. subtilis CCUG 12316
145153	B. subtilis CCUG 27765, NRRL NRS-356, NRRL NRS-238, NRRL ...
146436	B. subtilis CCUG 31131
146685	B. subtilis CCUG 31949
146735	B. subtilis CCUG 32040
147533	B. subtilis CCUG 33755
147568	B. subtilis CCUG 33816
148233	B. subtilis CCUG 35081
148234	B. subtilis CCUG 35082
148235	B. subtilis CCUG 35083
148236	B. subtilis CCUG 35084
148237	B. subtilis CCUG 35085
148238	B. subtilis CCUG 35086
148239	B. subtilis CCUG 35087
148240	B. subtilis CCUG 35088
148241	B. subtilis CCUG 35089
148242	B. subtilis CCUG 35090
148243	B. subtilis CCUG 35091
148244	B. subtilis CCUG 35092
148245	B. subtilis CCUG 35093
148436	B. subtilis CCUG 35445
149160	B. subtilis CCUG 36967
149203	B. subtilis CCUG 37263
149428	B. subtilis CCUG 37730
149469	B. subtilis CCUG 37799
149478	B. subtilis CCUG 37815 A
149479	B. subtilis CCUG 37815 B
149600	B. subtilis CCUG 38041
149872	B. subtilis CCUG 38587
150261	B. subtilis CCUG 39418
150473	B. subtilis CCUG 41392
150474	B. subtilis CCUG 41393
151897	B. subtilis CCUG 45145
153228	B. subtilis CCUG 48815 A
157307	B. subtilis IMI 347329
157622	B. subtilis 2dA_C27, DSM 103912
157623	B. subtilis SB-14, DSM 109343
158869	B. subtilis Fh040319_C2, DSM 109511
158870	B. subtilis Fh040319_C10, DSM 109512
158871	B. subtilis Fh040319_C12, DSM 109513
158872	B. subtilis Fh040319_C14, DSM 109514
158873	B. subtilis FH4_1, DSM 110116
161119	B. subtilis JCM 11003
162225	B. subtilis JCM 18293
162706	B. subtilis JCM 20036, IAM 1071
162708	B. subtilis JCM 20038, IAM 1076
162718	B. subtilis JCM 20057, IAM 1114
162729	B. subtilis JCM 20073, ATCC 14593, IAM 1145
162736	B. subtilis JCM 20083, IAM 1163
162738	B. subtilis JCM 20085, IAM 1168
162739	B. subtilis JCM 20086, IAM 1169
162746	B. subtilis JCM 20094, IAM 1191
162747	B. subtilis JCM 20095, IAM 1192
162748	B. subtilis JCM 20096, IAM 1193, IFO 3033, NBRC 3033
162755	B. subtilis JCM 20105, IAM 1207
162758	B. subtilis JCM 20108, IAM 1212
162767	B. subtilis JCM 20118, IAM 1231
162773	B. subtilis JCM 20127, IAM 1247
162882	B. subtilis JCM 20333, ATCC 4925, IAM 11060
162883	B. subtilis JCM 20336, ATCC 6460, IAM 11063
162890	B. subtilis JCM 20352, IAM 12019
162891	B. subtilis JCM 20353, IAM 12020
162952	B. subtilis JCM 20520, IAM 12366
163112	B. subtilis JCM 21228, IAM 14446
163798	B. subtilis JCM 30446
164104	B. subtilis JCM 31626
164106	B. subtilis JCM 31628
164275	B. subtilis JCM 32485
174177	B. subtilis CIMB 05-2416, CRBIP17.22
174358	B. subtilis P7, DSM 115556
174359	B. subtilis ZH1, DSM 115557
176404	B. subtilis SZB3, DSM 115815
176405	B. subtilis BEST7003, Bacillus subtilis BEST7003, DSM ...
176406	B. subtilis BP20.15, DSM 119457
176407	B. subtilis BB10.1, DSM 119458

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Motility
123356	positive	rod-shaped

Colony morphology

123356

Hemolysis ability1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
964	NUTRIENT AGAR (DSMZ Medium 1)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: NUTRIENT AGAR (DSMZ Medium 1) Composition: Agar 15.0 g/l Peptone 5.0 g/l Meat extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
35250	MEDIUM 72- for trypto casein soja agar		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Trypto casein soy agar (40.000 g)
123356	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
964	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
35250	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
123356	positive	growth	22-45
123356	negative	growth	10
123356	negative	growth	55

Culture pH

@ref	Ability	Type	PH
123356	positive	growth	6

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

123356

Oxygen toleranceobligate aerobe

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
123356
125438		95.33

Compound production

964

Compoundstreptomycin

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
123356	NaCl	positive	growth	0-10 %

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
123356	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	carbon source
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
123356	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	hydrolysis
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
123356	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
123356	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
123356	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	respiration
123356	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371		Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371		Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
123356	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Methylred-test
123356	17234 ChEBI	glucose	-

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
123356	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
123356	amylase	+
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
123356	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
123356	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
123356	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
123356	DNase	+
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
123356	gamma-glutamyltransferase	+	2.3.2.2
123356	gelatinase	+/-
123356	lecithinase	+
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API zym
123356	lipase	+
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
123356	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
123356	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
123356	oxidase	-
123356	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
123356	protease	+
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
123356	tryptophan deaminase	-
123356	tween esterase	-
123356	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
123356	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
123356	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	+	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	+	+/-	-	+	+/-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	+/-	-	+/-	+	+	-	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
123356	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
964	yes, in single cases	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
123356		1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM410194v1 assembly for Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774	complete	GCA_004101945	1423.741	2925634727	1423	97.43

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 11774 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JF749285	804		1423

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 11774
PATRIC: 1423.741

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	73.10	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	69.90	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	variable	83.70	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	68.60	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774
NCBI: GCA_004101945.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	81.79	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	88.95	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	71.32	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	yes	95.33	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	95.27	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	87.53	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Antibiotic profiling of wild-type bacilli led to the discovery of new lanthipeptide subtilin-producing Bacillus spizizenii strains whose 16S rDNA sequences differ from the B. spizizenii typing strain.	Helfrich M, Entian KD, Stein T.	Int Microbiol	10.1007/s10123-022-00266-5	2022
Metabolism	Subtilosin production by two Bacillus subtilis subspecies and variance of the sbo-alb cluster.	Stein T, Dusterhus S, Stroh A, Entian KD.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.4.2349-2353.2004	2004
Genetics	Genomic Investigation of a Bacillus subtilis Strain Sourced from Commercially Available Milk Powder in China Reveals Potential Risk Factors.	Zhu L, Chen K, Xu L, Wang A, Gan H, Sun J, Wu Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Yi Y, Qiang X, He J, Zhou H, Lin Y.	Infect Drug Resist	10.2147/idr.s544153	2025
	Draft genome sequences of Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus subtilis strains with plant growth-promoting and drought resilience potential.	Silva Ferreira LV, Gomes de Paula Lana U, Abreu de Oliveira-Paiva C, Aparecida Gomes E, Morais de Sousa Tinoco S.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00516-25	2025
	Complete genome sequence of the Listeria innocua lytic bacteriophage LIS04.	Park S, Chang Y.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00249-25	2025
	Coumarin/nitrogen-bearing heterocyclic hybrid-loaded electrospun PMMA/PVP nanofibrous scaffolds for accelerating topical wound healing rates: synthesis and in vitro bio-evaluation.	Salim SA, Ali MAM, Abed T, Chaudhary AA, Boufahja F, Hasanein AM, Abdelaziz E, El-Moslamy SH, Negm A, El Sayed IET, Kamoun EA, Hawata MA.	RSC Adv	10.1039/d5ra02535d	2025
	Vitex Genus as a Source of Antimicrobial Agents.	Islam Z, Caldeira GI, Canica M, Islam N, Silva O.	Plants (Basel)	10.3390/plants13030401	2024
	Identification and Assessment of Secondary Metabolites from Three Fungal Endophytes of Solanum mauritianum Against Public Health Pathogens.	Ogofure AG, Pelo SP, Green E.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29204924	2024
	In Situ Inactivation of Selected Bacillus Strains in Brewer's Spent Grain during Fermentation by Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454-The Possibility of Post-Production Residues Management.	Pokorski P, Trzaskowska M.	Foods	10.3390/foods12122279	2023
	Green synthesis of anethole-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles enhances antibacterial strategies against pathogenic bacteria.	Mazhar MW, Ishtiaq M, Maqbool M, Arshad A, Alshehri MA, Alhelaify SS, Alharthy OM, Shukry M, Sayed SM.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-74163-4	2024
	Crystal Structure and Properties of Thallium(I) Salinomycinate.	Petkov N, Dorkov P, Ugrinov A, Encheva E, Abrashev M, Zasheva D, Daneva T, Pantcheva IN.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms26136504	2025
	BacteSign: Building a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) Database for Universal Bacterial Identification.	Childs A, Chand D, Pereira J, Santra S, Rajaraman S.	Biosensors (Basel)	10.3390/bios14040176	2024
	Genomic insights into Bacillus subtilis MBB3B9 mediated aluminium stress mitigation for enhanced rice growth.	Hazarika DJ, Bora SS, Naorem RS, Sharma D, Boro RC, Barooah M.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-42804-9	2023
	Cobalt(II) and Manganese(II) Complexes of Sodium Monensinate A Bearing Nitrate Co-Ligands.	Petkov N, Boyadzhiev M, Bozhilova N, Dorkov P, Encheva E, Ugrinov A, Pantcheva IN.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms252212129	2024
	Chemical composition, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of Thymbra spicata essential oil-based nanoemulsions and its application on curd cheese	Kayiran S, Bolgen U, Akgul E, Kadiroglu P, Cengiz N, Cevikelli T, Onan D, Ozkan E, Bozdogan G, Boga M, Ozogul Y, Esatbeyoglu T, Ozogul F.	Front Nutr		2025
	Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Hydrazone Derivatives of Isonicotinic Hydrazide and Their Evaluation for Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Potential.	Shah MA, Uddin A, Shah MR, Ali I, Ullah R, Hannan PA, Hussain H.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27196770	2022
	Antibacterial Activity of Hexanol Vapor In Vitro and on the Surface of Vegetables.	Kyoui D, Saito Y, Takahashi A, Tanaka G, Yoshida R, Maegaki Y, Kawarai T, Ogihara H, Suzuki C.	Foods	10.3390/foods12163097	2023
	Green synthesis of trimetallic CuO/Ag/ZnO nanocomposite using Ziziphus spina-christi plant extract: characterization, statistically experimental designs, and antimicrobial assessment.	El-Sawaf AK, El-Moslamy SH, Kamoun EA, Hossain K.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-67579-5	2024
	Exploring the Impact of Infusion Parameters and In Vitro Digestion on the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Guayusa (Ilex guayusa Loes.) Tea Using Liquid Chromatography, Diode Array Detection, and Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry.	Kelebek H, Sasmaz HK, Aksay O, Selli S, Kahraman O, Fields C.	Foods	10.3390/foods13050694	2024
	Effect of Sodium Alginate Concentration on the Physicochemical, Structural, Functional Attributes, and Consumer Acceptability of Gel Beads Encapsulating Tangerine Peel (Citrus reticulata Blanco 'Cho Khun') Extract.	Venkatachalam K, Charoenphun N, Nitikornwarakul C, Lekjing S.	Gels	10.3390/gels11100808	2025
	Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Allium cepa L. Peel Extract, Their Antioxidant, Antipathogenic, and Anticholinesterase Activity.	Baran MF, Keskin C, Baran A, Hatipoglu A, Yildiztekin M, Kucukaydin S, Kurt K, Hosgoren H, Sarker MMR, Sufianov A, Beylerli O, Khalilov R, Eftekhari A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28052310	2023
	Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity Screening of Acyldepsipeptide-1 Analogues Conjugated to Silver/Indium/Sulphide Quantum Dots.	Cobongela SZZ, Makatini MM, May B, Njengele-Tetyana Z, Bambo MF, Sibuyi NRS.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics13020183	2024
	Heteronuclear Complexes of Hg(II) and Zn(II) with Sodium Monensinate as a Ligand.	Pantcheva I, Petkov N, Encheva E, Kolev S, Simova S, Tsanev A, Dorkov P, Ugrinov A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29133106	2024
	Novel xanthan gum hydrogels boosted with crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan and zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and biological activity evaluation.	Almuthaybiri DMS, Alminderej FM, Mohamed NA.	BMC Chem	10.1186/s13065-025-01628-6	2025
	Pharmacological Studies on the Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Efficacies of Commiphora myrrha Resin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats: A Preclinical Study.	Mansouri RA, Ahmad A, Roushdy M M, Alshaibi HF, Ragab M.	J Diabetes Res	10.1155/2023/5478267	2023
	Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as a Promising Antibacterial Agent: Synthesis and Characterization.	Okaiyeto K, Gigliobianco MR, Di Martino P.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms25179500	2024
	Advances in silver nanoparticles: a comprehensive review on their potential as antimicrobial agents and their mechanisms of action elucidated by proteomics.	Rodrigues AS, Batista JGS, Rodrigues MAV, Thipe VC, Minarini LAR, Lopes PS, Lugao AB.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1440065	2024
	Nutrition, phytochemical profiling, in vitro biological activities, and in silico studies of South Chinese white pitaya (Hylocereus undatus).	Asghar A, Shahid M, Gang P, Khan NA, Fang Q, Xinzheng L.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29491	2024
	Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Origanum vulgare Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction Under Various Extraction Conditions.	Gwiazdowska D, Waskiewicz A, Jus K, Marchwinska K, Frak S, Popowski D, Pawlak-Lemanska K, Uwineza PA, Gwiazdowski R, Padewska D, Roszko M, Bryla M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29245823	2024
	Bioactivity study and metabolic profiling of Colletotrichum alatae LCS1, an endophyte of club moss Lycopodium clavatum L.	Santra HK, Banerjee D.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0267302	2022
	The Investigation of the Chemical Composition and Applicability of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized with Amygdalus communis (Almond) Leaf Aqueous Extract as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents.	Baran MF, Keskin C, Baran A, Eftekhari A, Omarova S, Khalilov R, Adican MT, Rosic G, Selakovic D, Yildiztekin M, Kurt K, Aytug Ava C, Atalar MN.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28062428	2023
	Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Mentha spicata.	El Menyiy N, Mrabti HN, El Omari N, Bakili AE, Bakrim S, Mekkaoui M, Balahbib A, Amiri-Ardekani E, Ullah R, Alqahtani AS, Shahat AA, Bouyahya A.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2022/7990508	2022
	Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Tridax Procumbens for Topical Application: Excision Wound Model and Histopathological Studies.	Fatima F, Aldawsari MF, Ahmed MM, Anwer MK, Naz M, Ansari MJ, Hamad AM, Zafar A, Jafar M.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics13111754	2021
	Novel ethyl p-methoxy cinnamate rich Kaempferia galanga (L.) essential oil and its pharmacological applications: special emphasis on anticholinesterase, anti-tyrosinase, alpha-amylase inhibitory, and genotoxic efficiencies.	Begum T, Gogoi R, Sarma N, Pandey SK, Lal M.	PeerJ	10.7717/peerj.14606	2023
	Comprehensive investigation of Litsea cubeba antibacterial and antifungal activities across solid, liquid, and vapor phases against key human pathogens.	Sreepian PM, Popruk S, Rattanasinganchan P, Sreepian A.	Narra J	10.52225/narra.v5i1.1685	2025
	Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated Diospyros kaki L. (Persimmon): determination of chemical composition and evaluation of their antimicrobials and anticancer activities.	Keskin C, Olcekci A, Baran A, Baran MF, Eftekhari A, Omarova S, Khalilov R, Aliyev E, Sufianov A, Beilerli A, Gareev I.	Front Chem	10.3389/fchem.2023.1187808	2023
	Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonisation in mother-newborn dyads in low-income and middle-income south Asian and African countries: a prospective, observational study.	Kwatra G, Izu A, Cutland C, Akaba G, Ali MM, Ahmed Z, Beck MM, Barsosio HC, Berkley JA, Chaka TE, Cossa A, Chakraborty S, Dhar N, Dorji P, Islam M, Keita AM, Mwakio S, Mwarumba S, Medugu N, Mucavele H, Mabombo V, Obaro S, Sigauque B, Sow SO, Saha SK, Santhanam S, Sharma R, Simoes EAF, Sahni RD, Tapia MD, Veeraraghavan B, Madhi SA.	Lancet Microbe	10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00129-0	2024
	Development of Lipomer Nanoparticles for the Enhancement of Drug Release, Anti-microbial Activity and Bioavailability of Delafloxacin.	Anwer MK, Iqbal M, Muharram MM, Mohammad M, Ezzeldin E, Aldawsari MF, Alalaiwe A, Imam F.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics12030252	2020
	Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Viscum album Extracts: Unveiling Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Potential, and Antioxidant Activities.	Mushtaq W, Ishtiaq M, Maqbool M, Mazhar MW, Casini R, Abd-ElGawad AM, Elansary HO.	Plants (Basel)	10.3390/plants12112130	2023
	Antimicrobial and wound healing activities of certain Sudanese medicinal plants.	Moglad EH, Hamad AM, Fatima F, Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Naz M.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.017	2020
	Chemical and antibacterial data of synthesized thioureido derivatives.	Kadir MA, Ramli R, Yusof MSM, Ismail N, Ngah N, Haris NSH.	Data Brief	10.1016/j.dib.2019.104651	2019
	Bifunctional Double-Salt Ionic Liquids Containing both 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetate and l-Tryptophanate Anions with Herbicidal and Antimicrobial Activity.	Szymaniak D, Ciarka K, Marcinkowska K, Praczyk T, Gwiazdowska D, Marchwinska K, Walkiewicz F, Pernak J.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.1c05048	2021
	Application of Micron-Sized Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) for Decomposition of Industrial Amaranth Dyes.	Sciezynska D, Bury D, Jakubczak M, Bogacki J, Jastrzebska A, Marcinowski P.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma16041523	2023
	Novel cationic cryptides in Penaeus vannamei demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities.	Abd El-Aal AAA, Jayakumar FA, Lahiri C, Tan KO, Reginald K.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-41581-9	2023
	Combination of Cetylpyridinium Chloride and Chlorhexidine Acetate: A Promising Candidate for Rapid Killing of Gram-Positive/Gram-Negative Bacteria and Fungi.	Zhu X, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang P, Tian Q, Ma C, Shi C.	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-023-03198-z	2023
	Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mentha spicata Essential Oil against Common Food-Borne Pathogenic Bacteria.	Shahbazi Y.	J Pathog	10.1155/2015/916305	2015
	Metabolite Profiling of Malaysian Gracilaria edulis Reveals Eplerenone as Novel Antibacterial Compound for Drug Repurposing Against MDR Bacteria.	Asghar A, Tan YC, Shahid M, Yow YY, Lahiri C.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.653562	2021
	A scaffolded approach to unearth potential antibacterial components from epicarp of Malaysian Nephelium lappaceum L.	Asghar A, Tan YC, Zahoor M, Zainal Abidin SA, Yow YY, Khan E, Lahiri C.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-021-92622-0	2021
	Laser Treatment Increases the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cyanobacterial Extracts against Staphylococcusaureus (SA) and Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA).	Al Naim HM, El Semary N.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph192013305	2022
	Antimicrobial Compounds in Food Packaging.	Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Petka-Poniatowska K.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms24032457	2023
Phylogeny	Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Culturable Fungal Endophytes in Solanum mauritianum.	Pelo S, Mavumengwana V, Green E.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph17020439	2020
	Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Bis-Uracil Chitosan Hydrogels Modified with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Boosting Their Antimicrobial Activity.	Alharbi RA, Alminderej FM, Al-Harby NF, Elmehbad NY, Mohamed NA.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym15040980	2023
	Production of Bioactive Compounds with Broad Spectrum Bactericidal Action, Bio-Film Inhibition and Antilarval Potential by the Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungus Cochliobolus sp. APS1 Isolated from the Indian Medicinal Herb Andrographis paniculata.	Santra HK, Maity S, Banerjee D.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27051459	2022
Pathogenicity	Toxicity and oviposition deterrence of essential oils of Clinopodium nubigenum and Lavandula angustifolia against the myiasis-inducing blowfly Lucilia sericata.	Bedini S, Flamini G, Cosci F, Ascrizzi R, Echeverria MC, Gomez EV, Guidi L, Landi M, Lucchi A, Conti B.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0212576	2019
	Determination of Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Essential Oil from Leaves of Apium graveolens Grown in Saudi Arabia.	Foudah AI, Alqarni MH, Alam A, Salkini MA, Alam P, Alkholifi FK, Yusufoglu HS.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26237372	2021
	Phytochemical and biological activities of some Iranian medicinal plants.	Dini S, Chen Q, Fatemi F, Asri Y.	Pharm Biol	10.1080/13880209.2022.2046112	2022
	Phytochemicals, mineral contents, antioxidants, and antimicrobial activities of propolis produced by Brunei stingless bees Geniotrigona thoracica, Heterotrigona itama, and Tetrigona binghami.	Abdullah NA, Zullkiflee N, Zaini SNZ, Taha H, Hashim F, Usman A.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.014	2020
	Evaluation of the composition and in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L. leaves) cultivated in Saudi Arabia (Al-Kharj).	Foudah AI, Alqarni MH, Alam A, Ayman Salkini M, Ibnouf Ahmed EO, Yusufoglu HS.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.011	2021
Pathogenicity	Diamide Inhibitors of the Bacillus subtilis N-Acetylglucosaminidase LytG That Exhibit Antibacterial Activity.	Nayyab S, O'Connor M, Brewster J, Gravier J, Jamieson M, Magno E, Miller RD, Phelan D, Roohani K, Williard P, Basu A, Reid CW.	ACS Infect Dis	10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00005	2017
	Waste iron as a robust and ecological catalyst for decomposition industrial dyes under UV irradiation.	Sciezynska D, Bury D, Jakubczak M, Bogacki J, Jastrzebska A, Marcinowski P.	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	10.1007/s11356-023-27124-9	2023
	Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Sulfur Derivatives of Quinolinium Salts.	Empel A, Kisiel E, Wojtyczka RD, Kepa M, Idzik D, Sochanik A, Wasik TJ, Zieba A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules23010218	2018
	Physicochemical analyses, antioxidant, antibacterial, and toxicity of propolis particles produced by stingless bee Heterotrigona itama found in Brunei Darussalam.	Abdullah NA, Ja'afar F, Yasin HM, Taha H, Petalcorin MIR, Mamit MH, Kusrini E, Usman A.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02476	2019
	Anethole rich Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., essential oil pharmacology and genotoxic efficiencies.	Lal M, Begum T, Gogoi R, Sarma N, Munda S, Pandey SK, Baruah J, Tamang R, Saikia S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-13511-8	2022
Enzymology	Mindapyrroles A-C, Pyoluteorin Analogues from a Shipworm-Associated Bacterium.	Lacerna NM, Miller BW, Lim AL, Tun JO, Robes JMD, Cleofas MJB, Lin Z, Salvador-Reyes LA, Haygood MG, Schmidt EW, Concepcion GP.	J Nat Prod	10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00979	2019
	Phytochemical Screening, In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Volatile Compounds from Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Leaves Grown in Saudi Arabia.	Foudah AI, Alqarni MH, Alam A, Salkini MA, Ross SA, Yusufoglu HS.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27030934	2022
	Unveiling antimicrobial activity of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana (UKM2), Chlorella sp. (UKM8) and Scenedesmus sp. (UKM9).	Shaima AF, Mohd Yasin NH, Ibrahim N, Takriff MS, Gunasekaran D, Ismaeel MYY.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.069	2022
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial and wound healing activities of Vitex pinnata.	Shafie NA, Suhaili NA, Taha H, Ahmad N.	F1000Res	10.12688/f1000research.21310.2	2020
	Antimicrobial Activity of NCR Plant Peptides Strongly Depends on the Test Assays.	Farkas A, Pap B, Kondorosi E, Maroti G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02600	2018
	Assessment of genetic diversity of Bacillus spp. isolated from eutrophic fish culture pond.	Sen R, Tripathy S, Padhi SK, Mohanty S, Maiti NK.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-014-0234-9	2015
	Spectroscopic, Thermal, Microbiological, and Antioxidant Study of Alkali Metal 2-Hydroxyphenylacetates.	Samsonowicz M, Golebiewska E, Wolejko E, Wydro U, Swiderski G, Zwolinska J, Kalinowska M, Lewandowski W.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma14247824	2021
	The synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of 2-phenylaminomethylene-cyclohexane-1,3-diones as specific anti-tuberculosis agents.	Rather MA, Lone AM, Teli B, Bhat ZS, Singh P, Maqbool M, Shairgojray BA, Dar MJ, Amin S, Yousuf SK, Bhat BA, Ahmad Z, Ahmad Z.	Medchemcomm	10.1039/c7md00350a	2017
	Naringenin and Its Derivatives-Health-Promoting Phytobiotic against Resistant Bacteria and Fungi in Humans.	Duda-Madej A, Stecko J, Sobieraj J, Szymanska N, Kozlowska J.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11111628	2022
	Allium sativum, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Salvia officinalis Essential Oils: A Spiced Shield against Blowflies.	Bedini S, Guarino S, Echeverria MC, Flamini G, Ascrizzi R, Loni A, Conti B.	Insects	10.3390/insects11030143	2020
	Anti-Infective Metabolites of a Newly Isolated Bacillus thuringiensis KL1 Associated with Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees.), a Traditional Medicinal Herb.	Roy S, Yasmin S, Ghosh S, Bhattacharya S, Banerjee D.	Microbiol Insights	10.4137/mbi.s33394	2016
	Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oils collected from different parts of Iran.	Shahbazi Y.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-017-2806-2	2017
	Expression of virulence genes by Listeria monocytogenes J0161 in natural environment.	Tirumalai PS, Prakash S.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822012000200050	2012
	Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Formation Activities of Novel Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Reinforced with Crosslinked Chitosan and Silver Nano-Particles.	Alfuraydi RT, Alminderej FM, Mohamed NA.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym14081619	2022
	Synthesis and antibacterial activity of analogs of 5-arylidene-3-(4-methylcoumarin-7-yloxyacetylamino)-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazoli-din-4-one.	Cong NT, Nhan HT, Van Hung L, Thang TD, Kuo PC.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules190913577	2014
	Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of substituted 3-cinnamoyl-4-hydroxy-pyran-2-one (CHP) in pursuit of new potential antituberculosis agents.	Bhat ZS, Ul Lah H, Rather MA, Maqbool M, Ara T, Ahmad Z, Ahmad Z, Yousuf SK.	Medchemcomm	10.1039/c7md00366h	2018
	The Prospects of Lactobacillus oris as a Potential Probiotic With Cholesterol-Reducing Property From Mother's Milk.	Afrin S, Akter S, Begum S, Hossain MN.	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2021.619506	2021
	Genome mining of a fungal endophyte of Taxus yunnanensis (Chinese yew) leads to the discovery of a novel azaphilone polyketide, lijiquinone.	Cain JW, Miller KI, Kalaitzis JA, Chau R, Neilan BA.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.13568	2020
	Application of active Kurdi gum and Farsi gum-based coatings in banana fruits.	Shahbazi Y, Shavisi N.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-020-04462-x	2020
Pathogenicity	Artemisia spp. essential oils against the disease-carrying blowfly Calliphora vomitoria.	Bedini S, Flamini G, Cosci F, Ascrizzi R, Echeverria MC, Guidi L, Landi M, Lucchi A, Conti B.	Parasit Vectors	10.1186/s13071-017-2006-y	2017
Pathogenicity	Applications of Fruit Polyphenols and Their Functionalized Nanoparticles Against Foodborne Bacteria: A Mini Review.	Kumar H, Bhardwaj K, Cruz-Martins N, Nepovimova E, Oleksak P, Dhanjal DS, Bhardwaj S, Singh R, Chopra C, Verma R, Chauhan PP, Kumar D, Kuca K.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26113447	2021
Phylogeny	Antimicrobial potential of Actinomycetes species isolated from marine environment.	Valli S, Suvathi SS, Aysha OS, Nirmala P, Vinoth KP, Reena A.	Asian Pac J Trop Biomed	10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60078-1	2012
	Soil substrate culturing approaches recover diverse members of Actinomycetota from desert soils of Herring Island, East Antarctica.	Benaud N, Chelliah DS, Wong SY, Ferrari BC.	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-022-01271-2	2022
	Actinopyga lecanora hydrolysates as natural antibacterial agents.	Ghanbari R, Ebrahimpour A, Abdul-Hamid A, Ismail A, Saari N.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms131216796	2012
	Antioxidant, antimicrobial, toxicity and analgesic properties of ethanol extract of Solena amplexicaulis root.	Kabir MG, Rahman MM, Ahmed NU, Fakruddin M, Islam S, Mazumdar RM.	Biol Res	10.1186/0717-6287-47-36	2014
	Exploring the Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Jellyfish-Associated Marine Fungi by Cultivation-Dependent Approaches.	Yue Y, Yu H, Li R, Xing R, Liu S, Li P.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0144394	2015
	Rapid Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies using the Piezoelectric Immunosensor	Pohanka M, Pavlis O, Skladal P.	Sensors (Basel)		2007
	Ionic Liquids-A Review of Their Toxicity to Living Organisms.	Goncalves ARP, Paredes X, Cristino AF, Santos FJV, Queiros CSGP.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms22115612	2021
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial and membrane disrupting activities of a peptide derived from the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL37.	Thennarasu S, Tan A, Penumatchu R, Shelburne CE, Heyl DL, Ramamoorthy A.	Biophys J	10.1016/j.bpj.2009.09.060	2010
Enzymology	Effects of growth medium, inoculum size, and incubation time on culturability and isolation of soil bacteria.	Davis KE, Joseph SJ, Janssen PH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.2.826-834.2005	2005
	Spices as Sustainable Food Preservatives: A Comprehensive Review of Their Antimicrobial Potential.	Sulieman AME, Abdallah EM, Alanazi NA, Ed-Dra A, Jamal A, Idriss H, Alshammari AS, Shommo SAM.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph16101451	2023
	Optimizing physicochemical properties, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activity of dry ginger extract using sonication treatment.	Alqahtani NK, Salih ZA, Asiri SA, Siddeeg A, Elssiddiq SAD, Alnemr TM, Habib HM.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36473	2024
	GC-MS Analysis and Study of the Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus paradisi, Citrus aurantifolia, and Citrus sinensis Peel Essential Oils as Hand Sanitizer.	Mohammed IO, Alrasheid AA, Hussein Ayoub SM.	Int J Microbiol	10.1155/2024/4957712	2024
	Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Antioxidant Potential of a Novel Flavone "6,7,4'-Trimethyl Flavone" Isolated from Wulfenia amherstiana.	Kakar M, Kakar M, Amin MU, Alghamdi S, Sahibzada MUK, Ahmad N, Ullah N.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2020/3903682	2020
	A Review on Medicinal and Ethnomedicinal Uses, Biological Features, and Phytochemical Constituents of Sesbania sesban L. Merr., A Nitrogen-Fixing Plant Native to the Republic of Chad	Brahim Mahamat O, Younes S, Otchom B, Franzel S, Ouchar Mahamat Hidjazi A, Soumaya E.	ScientificWorldJournal		2024
	Antimicrobial activity, phytochemical screening of crude extracts, and essential oils constituents of two Pulicaria spp. growing in Sudan.	Mohamed EAA, Muddathir AM, Osman MA.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-74262-y	2020
Biotechnology	Applications of Bacillus subtilis Spores in Biotechnology and Advanced Materials.	Zhang X, Al-Dossary A, Hussain M, Setlow P, Li J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01096-20	2020
	Ursane-Type Triterpenes, Phenolics and Phenolic Derivatives from Globimetula braunii Leaf.	Oriola AO, Aladesanmi AJ, Idowu TO, Akinwumi FO, Obuotor EM, Idowu T, Oyedeji AO.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26216528	2021
	Tunable Silver-Functionalized Porous Frameworks for Antibacterial Applications.	Isaacs MA, Barbero B, Durndell LJ, Hilton AC, Olivi L, Parlett CMA, Wilson K, Lee AF.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics7030055	2018
	Croatian barberry (Berberis croatica Horvat): a new source of berberine--analysis and antimicrobial activity	Kosalec I, Gregurek B, Kremer D, Zovko M, Sankovic K, Karlovic K.	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s11274-008-9860-x	2009
	Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of flavonoid glycosides from Ficus exasperata Vahl-Holl (moraceae) leaves.	Taiwo BJ, Igbeneghu OA.	Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med	10.4314/ajtcam.v11i3.14	2014
	Bioactive Components and Their Activities from Different Parts of Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle for Food Development.	Indriyani NN, Anshori JA, Permadi N, Nurjanah S, Julaeha E.	Foods	10.3390/foods12102036	2023
Metabolism	The cross-pathway control system regulates production of the secondary metabolite toxin, sirodesmin PL, in the ascomycete, Leptosphaeria maculans.	Elliott CE, Fox EM, Jarvis RS, Howlett BJ.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-11-169	2011
	A Zn(II)2Cys6 DNA binding protein regulates the sirodesmin PL biosynthetic gene cluster in Leptosphaeria maculans.	Fox EM, Gardiner DM, Keller NP, Howlett BJ.	Fungal Genet Biol	10.1016/j.fgb.2007.10.005	2008
Pathogenicity	Bacterial spores and chemical sporicidal agents.	Russell AD.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.3.2.99	1990
Pathogenicity	Cyclohexane triones, novel membrane-active antibacterial agents.	Lloyd WJ, Broadhurst AV, Hall MJ, Andrews KJ, Barber WE, Wong-Kai-In P.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.6.814	1988
Stress	Influence of gamma-irradiation and heating in the presence of a bactericide on the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores.	Deasy PB, Kuster E, Timoney RF.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.16.5.810-811.1968	1968
	Quality control in agar-dilution sensitivity-testing by direct assay of the antibiotic in the solid medium.	Franklin JC.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.33.1.93	1980
	The Second International Standard for streptomycin.	HUMPHREY JH, LIGHTBOWN JW, MUSSETT MV.	Bull World Health Organ		1959
Metabolism	Nonliquid reagent for detecting nitrate reduction.	Lampe AS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.14.4.452-454.1981	1981
	The second International Standard for Dihydrostreptomycin.	Lightbown JW, Kogut M, Uemura K, Grab B.	Bull World Health Organ		1966
Metabolism	Comparison of ceftazidime and cefamandole pharmacokinetics and blister fluid concentrations.	Armstrong GC, Wise R, Brown RM, Hancox J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.20.3.356	1981
Metabolism	Penetration of tobramycin sulphate into the human eye.	Petounis A, Papapanos G, Karageorgiou-Makromihelaki C.	Br J Ophthalmol	10.1136/bjo.62.9.660	1978
Metabolism	Pharmacokinetic studies in animals and humans of a new cephalosporin, the sodium salt of 7-cyanacetamidocephalosporanic acid.	Luscombe DK, Nicholls PJ, Owens DR, Russell AD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.3.6.677	1973
Enzymology	In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of lichen metabolites as potential preservatives.	Ingolfsdottir K, Bloomfield SF, Hylands PJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.28.2.289	1985
Pathogenicity	Activity of glutaraldehyde at low concentrations against capsid proteins of poliovirus type 1 and echovirus type 25.	Chambon M, Bailly JL, Peigue-Lafeuille H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.58.11.3517-3521.1992	1992
Enzymology	Novel plate culture method to improve the microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.	Gould IM, Reeves I, Chauhan N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.9.1687-1690.1988	1988
	New cause of penicillin treatment failure.	Barnes P, Waterworth PM.	Br Med J	10.1136/bmj.1.6067.991	1977
	Influence of postirradiation incubation temperature on recovery of radiation-injured Clostridium botulinum 62A spores.	Chowdhury MS, Rowley DB, Anellis A, Levinson HS.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.32.1.172-178.1976	1976
Enzymology	The relative susceptibility of four cephalosporins to a beta-lactamase from Bacillus cereus.	Russell AD, Furr JR.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.26.8.599	1973
Metabolism	Ecological effects of antibiotic production by dermatophyte fungi.	Youssef N, Wyborn CH, Holt G, Noble WC, Clayton YM.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s0022172400025717	1979
	The international reference preparation of tylosin.	Davidson I, Hebert CN.	Bull World Health Organ		1966
	The second international reference preparation of viomycin.	Lightbown JW, Bond JM, Skegg JL.	Bull World Health Organ		1973
Cultivation	Diluent sensitivity in thermally stressed cells of pseudomonas fluorescens.	Gray RJ, Ordal ZJ, Witter LD.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.33.5.1074-1078.1977	1977
Enzymology	Interaction of a new cephalosporin, 7-cyanacetamidocephalosporanic acid, with some gram-negative and gram-positive beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.	Russel AD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.2.4.255	1972
Stress	Characterization of mild thermal stress in Pseudomonas fluorescens and its repair.	Gray RJ, Witter LD, Ordal ZJ.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.26.1.78-85.1973	1973
	Nature and properties of a Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteriocin.	Jetten AM, Vogels GD.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.112.1.243-250.1972	1972
	Antifungal and antibacterial activities of diarylamidine derivatives.	Anne J, De Clercq E, Eyssen H, Dann O.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.18.2.231	1980
	A COMPARISON OF FOUR PHENOXYPENICILLINS.	BOND JM, BARBER M, LIGHTBOWN JW, WATERWORTH PM.	Br Med J	10.1136/bmj.2.5363.956	1963
	Ecofriendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ananas comosus Fruit Peels: Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities.	Baran A, Keskin C, Baran MF, Huseynova I, Khalilov R, Eftekhari A, Irtegun-Kandemir S, Kavak DE	Bioinorg Chem Appl	10.1155/2021/2058149	2021
Metabolism	Enhancement of beta-Mannanase Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774 through Optimization of Medium Composition.	Norizan NABM, Halim M, Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Mat Sahri M, Othman F, Ariff AB	Molecules	10.3390/molecules25153516	2020
	Antibacterial Activity of Free Fatty Acids from Hydrolyzed Virgin Coconut Oil Using Lipase from Candida rugosa.	Nguyen VTA, Le TD, Phan HN, Tran LB	J Lipids	10.1155/2017/7170162	2017
Phylogeny	Antituberculotic activity of actinobacteria isolated from the rare habitats.	Hussain A, Rather MA, Shah AM, Bhat ZS, Shah A, Ahmad Z, Parvaiz Hassan Q	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1111/lam.12773	2017
Enzymology	Purification of beta-mannanase derived from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 using ionic liquid as adjuvant in aqueous two-phase system.	Aziz NFHA, Abbasiliasi S, Ng HS, Phapugrangkul P, Bakar MHA, Tam YJ, Tan JS	J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci	10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.029	2017
Biotechnology	Chitinase production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 and its effect on biocontrol of Rhizoctonia diseases of potato.	Saber WI, Ghoneem KM, Al-Askar AA, Rashad YM, Ali AA, Rashad EM	Acta Biol Hung	10.1556/018.66.2015.4.8	2015
Phylogeny	Pseudomonas putida Strain FStm2 Isolated from Shark Skin: A Potential Source of Bacteriocin.	Ahmad A, Hamid R, Dada AC, Usup G	Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins	10.1007/s12602-013-9140-4	2013
Enzymology	Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of Clausena heptaphylla.	Fakruddin M, Mannan KS, Mazumdar RM, Afroz H	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/1472-6882-12-232	2012
	Silver-embedded modified hyperbranched epoxy/clay nanocomposites as antibacterial materials.	Roy B, Bharali P, Konwar BK, Karak N	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.129	2012
Pathogenicity	Flavonols and an oxychromonol from Piliostigma reticulatum.	Babajide OJ, Babajide OO, Daramola AO, Mabusela WT	Phytochemistry	10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.05.003	2008
Pathogenicity	Flavonoid analysis and antimicrobial activity of commercially available propolis products.	Kosalec I, Pepeljnjak S, Bakmaz M, Vladimir-Knezevic S	Acta Pharm		2005
Metabolism	Mycotoxigenicity of clinical and environmental Aspergillus fumigatus and A. flavus isolates.	Kosalec I, Pepeljnjak S	Acta Pharm		2005
Pathogenicity	Anti-bacterial activity of synthetic N-heterocyclic oxidizing compounds.	Babalola GO	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1046/j.1472-765x.1998.00266.x	1998
Metabolism	Non-variable sources of pure water and the germination and outgrowth of Bacillus subtilis spores.	Knott AG, Dancer BN, Hann AC, Russell AD	J Appl Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1997.tb03583.x	1997
Pathogenicity	Revival of Bacillus subtilis spores from biocide-induced injury in the germination process.	Williams ND, Russell AD	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb03411.x	1993
Metabolism	Revival of biocide-treated spores of Bacillus subtilis.	Williams ND, Russell AD	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb03410.x	1993
Pathogenicity	Injury and repair in biocide-treated spores of Bacillus subtilis.	Williams ND, Russell AD	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05956.x	1993
Pathogenicity	The nature and site of biocide-induced sublethal injury in Bacillus subtilis spores.	Williams ND, Russell AD	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/0378-1097(92)90040-u	1992
Pathogenicity	Uptake of L-[14C]-alanine by glutaraldehyde-treated and untreated spores of Bacillus subtilis.	Power EG, Russell AD	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/0378-1097(90)90295-2	1990
Metabolism	Glutaraldehyde: its uptake by sporing and non-sporing bacteria, rubber, plastic and an endoscope.	Power EG, Russell AD	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02502.x	1989
Pathogenicity	Possible mechanisms for the revival of glutaraldehyde-treated spores of Bacillus subtilis NCTC 8236.	Power EG, Dancer BN, Russell AD	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb04959.x	1989
Pathogenicity	Mechanism of resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to chlorhexidine.	Shaker LA, Furr JR, Russell AD	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1988.tb02444.x	1988
Metabolism	Thermal injury and recovery of Bacillus subtilis.	Miller LL, Ordal ZJ	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.24.6.878-884.1972	1972
Pathogenicity	Resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to inactivation by gamma irradiation and heating in the presence of a bactericide. 3. Factors affecting rates of inactivation by phenylmercuric nitrate.	Deasy PB, Kuster E, Timoney RF	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.22.4.567-570.1971	1971
Stress	Resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to inactivation by gamma irradiation and heating in the presence of a bactericide. II. Factors affecting rates of inactivation by phenolic bactericides.	Deasy PB, Kuster E, Timoney RF	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.20.3.461-464.1970	1970
Cultivation	Resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to inactivation by gamma irradiation and heating in the presence of a bactericide. I. Suitability of viable count procedures.	Deasy PB, Kuster E, Timoney RF	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.20.3.455-460.1970	1970

References

#964	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 2109
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#35250	; Curators of the CIP;
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#123356	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 1.83
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Bacillus subtilis (DSM 2109, ATCC 11774, NCTC 8236)

Name and taxonomic classification

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Physiology and metabolism

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Genome browser: GCA_004101945

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