Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (CCUG 52486)

Name: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (CCUG 52486)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 154129

Type strain

Culture col. no. CCUG 52486

NCBI tax ID(s) 537937 1682

Special Collections CCUG

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52486 is an anaerobe bacterium that was isolated from Human feces,healthy elderly Italian individuals.

anaerobe genome sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

Culture Collection Numbers

CCUG 52486

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:42:58

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Bifidobacteriales

Family Bifidobacteriaceae

Genus Bifidobacterium

Species Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis

Full scientific name Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (Reuter 1963) Mattarelli et al. 2008

Synonyms (1)

Bifidobacterium infantis

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis** (24)	Type strain
1743	B. longum subsp. infantis S12, DSM 20088, ATCC 15697, NCTC 11817, JCM ... (type strain)
1744	B. longum subsp. infantis S76E, DSM 20090, ATCC 15702, JCM 1272, BCRC ...
1745	B. longum subsp. infantis DSM 20218, ATCC 17930, JCM 1260, BCRC 14661
143274	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 18157, LMG 18912
146680	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 31778
148902	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 36569
151518	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 44191
152130	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 45868
152264	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 46247
152772	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 47592
154127	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52484
154128	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52485
154130	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52487
155385	B. longum subsp. infantis CCUG 57566
159328	B. longum subsp. infantis WCA-178-WT-4B, DSM 107246
161155	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 11344
161156	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 11345
161157	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 11347
161180	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 11660, CGMCC 1.3006
161197	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 1210, ATCC 25962, BCRC 14603, CECT 4552, ...
165449	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 7007, LMG 18901
165450	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 7009, LMG 18902
165451	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 7010
165452	B. longum subsp. infantis JCM 7011

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Motility	Confidence
125438		93

Culture and growth conditions

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
59567	positive	growth	37

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
59567	anaerobe
125439	facultative anaerobe	96.792

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		99.401

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68381	40585 ChEBI	alpha-cyclodextrin	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68381	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR
68381	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	fermentation	from API rID32A
68381	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR
68381	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	29985 ChEBI	L-glutamate	-	degradation	from API rID32A
68381	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	320055 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API rID32A
68381	27941 ChEBI	pullulan	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	fermentation	from API rID32A
68381	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68380	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API rID32A
68380	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68381	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		from API rID32STR
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API rID32A

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-		from API rID32STR
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API rID32A

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68380	alanine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.2	from API rID32A
68381	Alanyl-Phenylalanyl-Proline arylamidase	+		from API rID32STR
68380	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API rID32A
68381	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API rID32STR
68380	alpha-arabinosidase	+	3.2.1.55	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API rID32A
68381	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API rID32STR
68380	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API rID32A
68381	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API rID32STR
68380	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API rID32A
68381	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API rID32STR
68380	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API rID32A
68380	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphate	-		from API rID32A
68381	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API rID32STR
68380	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API rID32A
68381	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32STR
68380	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32A
68381	beta-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.25	from API rID32STR
68380	glutamate decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.15	from API rID32A
68380	glutamyl-glutamate arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	glycin arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68381	glycyl tryptophan arylamidase	-		from API rID32STR
68380	histidine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	L-arginine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
68380	leucyl glycin arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
68381	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API rID32STR
68380	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API rID32A
68380	phenylalanine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	proline-arylamidase	+	3.4.11.5	from API rID32A
68381	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API rID32STR
68380	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API rID32A
68380	serine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API rID32A
68380	tyrosine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68381	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32STR
68380	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32A

API rID32A

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
59567	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	+

API rID32STR

@ref	ADH (Arg)	beta GLU	beta GAR	beta GUR	alpha GAL	PAL	RIB	MAN	SOR	LAC	TRE	RAF	SAC	LARA	DARL	Acid from alpha-cyclodextrinCDEX	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	Alanyl-Phenylalanyl-Proline arylamidaseAPPA	beta GAL	Pyrrolidonyl arylamidasePyrA	N-Acetyl-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	Glycyl-tryptophan arylamidaseGTA	HIP	GLYG	PUL	MAL	MEL	MLZ	Acidification of methyl beta-D-glucopyranosideMbeta DG	TAG	beta MAN	URE
59567	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Human	-
#Host Body Product	#Gastrointestinal tract	#Feces (Stool)
#Infection	#Patient	-

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
59567	Human feces,healthy elderly Italian individuals	Homo sapiens	Camerino	Italy	ITA	Europe

Interaction and safety

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM15541v1 assembly for Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52486	scaffold	GCA_000155415	537937.5	643886216	537937	68.69

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM15541v1 assembly for Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52486
NCBI: GCA_000155415

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	96.79	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	57.78	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	42.01	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.40	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52486 CCUG 52486
NCBI: GCA_000155415.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	86.80	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	84.52	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	93.52	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	88.68	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	91.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	93.00	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Bifidobacterium exopolysaccharides: new insights into engineering strategies, physicochemical functions, and immunomodulatory effects on host health.	Sadeghi M, Haghshenas B, Nami Y.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1396308	2024
	Deciphering the Potential of Probiotics in Vaccines.	Xu C, Aqib AI, Fatima M, Muneer S, Zaheer T, Peng S, Ibrahim EH, Li K.	Vaccines (Basel)	10.3390/vaccines12070711	2024
	Impact of Bifidobacterium longum Subspecies infantis on Pediatric Gut Health and Nutrition: Current Evidence and Future Directions.	Dargenio VN, Cristofori F, Brindicci VF, Schettini F, Dargenio C, Castellaneta SP, Iannone A, Francavilla R.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu16203510	2024
Genetics	Development of Real-Time PCR Assay to Specifically Detect 22 Bifidobacterium Species and Subspecies Using Comparative Genomics.	Kim HB, Kim E, Yang SM, Lee S, Kim MJ, Kim HY.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.02087	2020
	Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on Vaccine Efficacy in Adults Aged 55 and Older: A Review.	Hodges RE, Lamotte AV.	Integr Med (Encinitas)		2022
Genetics	Targeted High-Resolution Taxonomic Identification of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Using Human Milk Oligosaccharide Metabolizing Genes.	Tso L, Bonham KS, Fishbein A, Rowland S, Klepac-Ceraj V.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu13082833	2021
Phylogeny	Phylogenomic disentangling of the Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis taxon.	Tarracchini C, Milani C, Lugli GA, Mancabelli L, Fontana F, Alessandri G, Longhi G, Anzalone R, Viappiani A, Turroni F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Microb Genom	10.1099/mgen.0.000609	2021
	Recent Development of Probiotic Bifidobacteria for Treating Human Diseases.	Chen J, Chen X, Ho CL.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2021.770248	2021
	Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics.	Awasthi A, Corrie L, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Kumar B, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Eri RD, Dua K, Singh SK.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics14112543	2022
	Evidence of immunomodulatory effects of a novel probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum bv. infantis CCUG 52486.	You J, Yaqoob P.	FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol	10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.01014.x	2012
Metabolism	Age-Related Changes in the Natural Killer Cell Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Are Not Influenced by a Synbiotic: a Randomised Controlled Trial.	Przemska-Kosicka A, Childs CE, Maidens C, Dong H, Todd S, Gosney MA, Tuohy KM, Yaqoob P.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2018.00591	2018
	Microbiological, chemical and rheological properties of low fat set yoghurt produced with exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing Bifidobacterium strains	Prasanna PHP, Grandison AS, Charalampopoulos D.	Food Res Int	10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.016	2013
	The aging gut microbiome and its impact on host immunity.	Bosco N, Noti M.	Genes Immun	10.1038/s41435-021-00126-8	2021
	Evaluation of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifying properties of galactan exopolysaccharide from Weissella confusa KR780676.	Kavitake D, Balyan S, Devi PB, Shetty PH.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-020-04262-3	2020
	Effect of dairy-based protein sources and temperature on growth, acidification and exopolysaccharide production of Bifidobacterium strains in skim milk	Prasanna PHP, Grandison AS, Charalampopoulos D.	Food Res Int	10.1016/j.foodres.2012.01.004	2012
	Screening human intestinal Bifidobacterium strains for growth, acidification, EPS production and viscosity potential in low-fat milk	Prasanna PHP, Grandison AS, Charalampopoulos D.	Int Dairy J	10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.09.008	2012
	Immunoreactive Proteins of Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum CCM 7952 and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum CCDM 372 Identified by Gnotobiotic Mono-Colonized Mice Sera, Immune Rabbit Sera and Non-immune Human Sera.	Gorska S, Dylus E, Rudawska A, Brzozowska E, Srutkova D, Schwarzer M, Razim A, Kozakova H, Gamian A.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01537	2016
	Probiotic modulation of dendritic cell function is influenced by ageing.	You J, Dong H, Mann ER, Knight SC, Yaqoob P.	Immunobiology	10.1016/j.imbio.2013.08.012	2014
	Impact of ageing and a synbiotic on the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination; a randomised controlled trial.	Enani S, Przemska-Kosicka A, Childs CE, Maidens C, Dong H, Conterno L, Tuohy K, Todd S, Gosney M, Yaqoob P.	Clin Nutr	10.1016/j.clnu.2017.01.011	2018
	Quantitative Detection of Bifidobacterium longum Strains in Feces Using Strain-Specific Primers.	Xiao Y, Wang C, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9061159	2021
	Characterization and Exploitation of CRISPR Loci in Bifidobacterium longum.	Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, Crawley AB, Sanchez B, Barrangou R.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01851	2017
Genetics	Pangenome analysis of Bifidobacterium longum and site-directed mutagenesis through by-pass of restriction-modification systems.	O'Callaghan A, Bottacini F, O'Connell Motherway M, van Sinderen D.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-015-1968-4	2015
Phylogeny	Intraspecies Genomic Diversity and Long-Term Persistence of Bifidobacterium longum.	Chaplin AV, Efimov BA, Smeianov VV, Kafarskaia LI, Pikina AP, Shkoporov AN.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0135658	2015
Enzymology	A reverse metabolic approach to weaning: in silico identification of immune-beneficial infant gut bacteria, mining their metabolism for prebiotic feeds and sourcing these feeds in the natural product space.	Michelini S, Balakrishnan B, Parolo S, Matone A, Mullaney JA, Young W, Gasser O, Wall C, Priami C, Lombardo R, Kussmann M.	Microbiome	10.1186/s40168-018-0545-x	2018
	Comparative Genomics Revealed Genetic Diversity and Species/Strain-Level Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism of Three Probiotic Bifidobacterial Species.	Odamaki T, Horigome A, Sugahara H, Hashikura N, Minami J, Xiao JZ, Abe F.	Int J Genomics	10.1155/2015/567809	2015
	Exopolysaccharide Produced by Pediococcus pentosaceus E8: Structure, Bio-Activities, and Its Potential Application.	Jiang G, He J, Gan L, Li X, Xu Z, Yang L, Li R, Tian Y.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.923522	2022
Metabolism	Broad conservation of milk utilization genes in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis as revealed by comparative genomic hybridization.	LoCascio RG, Desai P, Sela DA, Weimer B, Mills DA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00675-10	2010
	Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria with Potential to Design Natural Biofunctional Health-Promoting Dairy Foods.	Linares DM, Gomez C, Renes E, Fresno JM, Tornadijo ME, Ross RP, Stanton C.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00846	2017
Genetics	Comparative genomics of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related probiotic genera.	Lukjancenko O, Ussery DW, Wassenaar TM.	Microb Ecol	10.1007/s00248-011-9948-y	2012
	Characterization of GH2 and GH42 beta-galactosidases derived from bifidobacterial infant isolates.	Ambrogi V, Bottacini F, O'Sullivan J, O'Connell Motherway M, Linqiu C, Schoemaker B, Schoterman M, van Sinderen D.	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-019-0735-3	2019
Genetics	Tracking the Taxonomy of the Genus Bifidobacterium Based on a Phylogenomic Approach.	Lugli GA, Milani C, Duranti S, Mancabelli L, Mangifesta M, Turroni F, Viappiani A, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02249-17	2018
Genetics	Comparative analyses of prophage-like elements present in bifidobacterial genomes.	Ventura M, Turroni F, Lima-Mendez G, Foroni E, Zomer A, Duranti S, Giubellini V, Bottacini F, Horvath P, Barrangou R, Sela DA, Mills DA, van Sinderen D.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01112-09	2009
Pathogenicity	Insights into physiological and genetic mupirocin susceptibility in bifidobacteria.	Serafini F, Bottacini F, Viappiani A, Baruffini E, Turroni F, Foroni E, Lodi T, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02540-10	2011
	The effect of probiotics on respiratory tract infection with special emphasis on COVID-19: Systemic review 2010-20.	Darbandi A, Asadi A, Ghanavati R, Afifirad R, Darb Emamie A, Kakanj M, Talebi M.	Int J Infect Dis	10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.011	2021
Metabolism	Metabolism of a plant derived galactose-containing polysaccharide by Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.	O'Connell Motherway M, Fitzgerald GF, van Sinderen D.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/j.1751-7915.2010.00218.x	2011
Genetics	Genomic insights into bifidobacteria.	Lee JH, O'Sullivan DJ.	Microbiol Mol Biol Rev	10.1128/mmbr.00004-10	2010
Metabolism	Emulsifying, rheological and physicochemical properties of exopolysaccharide produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis CCUG 52486 and Bifidobacterium infantis NCIMB 702205.	Prasanna PH, Bell A, Grandison AS, Charalampopoulos D	Carbohydr Polym	10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.075	2012

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#59567	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 52486
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68380	Automatically annotated from API rID32A .
#68381	Automatically annotated from API rID32STR .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .

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Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (CCUG 52486)

Name and taxonomic classification

Culture Collection Numbers

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API rID32A

API rID32STR

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Interaction and safety

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000155415

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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