Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (CIP 103965, ATCC 43015)

Name: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (CIP 103965, ATCC 43015)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 136893

Type strain

Culture col. no. CIP 103965 ATCC 43015

NCBI tax ID(s) 1770

Special Collections CIP

History CIP <- 1994, ATCC <- R.J. Chiodini: strain Linda, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Links

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis CIP 103965 is a rod-shaped bacterium of the family Mycobacteriaceae.

rod-shaped Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 41597

ATCC 43015,CIP 103965

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:38:54

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Mycobacteriales

Family Mycobacteriaceae

Genus Mycobacterium

Species Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Full scientific name Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Bergey et al. 1923) Thorel et al. 1990

Synonyms (1)

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis** (9)	Type strain
8439	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis DSM 44133, ATCC 19698, TMC 807, CCUG 55483, ... (type strain)
8440	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis 1351, DSM 44135
135349	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis JC31, CIP 103964, ATCC 19851, NCTC 8578
135350	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis CIP 103967, ATCC 43545
135351	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis CIP 103968, ATCC 49164
135352	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis 1001, CIP 103971
136665	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis TB795/95, CIP 107488
137548	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis 4138, CIP 103978
169420	M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis JIII-386, DSM 108962

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Cell shape	Motility
36631	rod-shaped

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Composition	Medium link
36631	MEDIUM 96 - for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis		Tween 80 (0.500 ml);Middlebrook 7H9 broth (4.700 g);Middelbrook OADC enrichment (100.000 ml);Distilled water (900.000 ml);Mycobactine (2.000 ml)
36631	CIP Medium 96			Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
36631	positive	growth	37
36631	positive	growth	22-37
36631	negative	growth	10
36631	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
36631	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
36631	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
36631	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
36631	35581 ChEBI	indole

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
36631	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
36631	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
36631	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
36631	gelatinase	-
36631	oxidase	-
36631	urease	-	3.5.1.5

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Isolation date
36631			Rhode Island	USA	USA	North America
36631	Girl with Crohn's disease, ileum	Homo sapiens	Rhode Island	United States of America	USA	North America	1981

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
36631	2	Risk group (French classification)

Sequence information

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Discovery of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Lytic Phages with Extensive Host Range Across Rapid- and Slow-Growing Pathogenic Mycobacterial Species.	Golla AC, Chaumontet J, Vande Voorde R, Danelishvili L.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics13111009	2024
	A rapid phage assay for detection of viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk.	Hosseiniporgham S, Rebechesu L, Pintore P, Lollai S, Dattena M, Russo S, Ruiu A, Sechi LA.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-021-04451-w	2022
	Estimation of Performance Characteristics of Analytical Methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Detection in Dairy Products.	Butot S, Ricchi M, Sevilla IA, Michot L, Molina E, Tello M, Russo S, Arrigoni N, Garrido JM, Tomas D.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.00509	2019
	A Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Two Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-Derived Lipopeptides of L3P and L5P as Capture Antigens in an In-House Milk ELISA Test.	Hosseiniporgham S, Biet F, Ganneau C, Bannantine JP, Bay S, Sechi LA.	Vaccines (Basel)	10.3390/vaccines9090997	2021
Enzymology	Characterization and Differentiation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from Other Mycobacteria Using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.	Ravva SV, Harden LA, Sarreal CZ.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2017.00297	2017
	Identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in Sheep Milk, a Zoonotic Problem.	Hosseiniporgham S, Cubeddu T, Rocca S, Sechi LA.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8091264	2020
	Development of multiplex PCR and multi-color fluorescent in situ hybridization (m-FISH) coupled protocol for detection and imaging of multi-pathogens involved in inflammatory bowel disease.	Sharp RC, Naser ES, Alcedo KP, Qasem A, Abdelli LS, Naser SA.	Gut Pathog	10.1186/s13099-018-0278-1	2018
	Oxidative stress due to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection upregulates selenium-dependent GPx activity.	Qasem A, Abdel-Aty A, Abu-Suwa H, Naser SA.	Gut Pathog	10.1186/s13099-016-0090-8	2016
	RHB-104 triple antibiotics combination in culture is bactericidal and should be effective for treatment of Crohn's disease associated with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.	Alcedo KP, Thanigachalam S, Naser SA.	Gut Pathog	10.1186/s13099-016-0115-3	2016
	MAP1272c encodes an NlpC/P60 protein, an antigen detected in cattle with Johne's disease.	Bannantine JP, Lingle CK, Stabel JR, Ramyar KX, Garcia BL, Raeber AJ, Schacher P, Kapur V, Geisbrecht BV.	Clin Vaccine Immunol	10.1128/cvi.00195-12	2012
Pathogenicity	"In vitro" activities of antimycobacterial agents against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis linked to Crohn's disease and paratuberculosis.	Zanetti S, Molicotti P, Cannas S, Ortu S, Ahmed N, Sechi LA.	Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob	10.1186/1476-0711-5-27	2006
	Exploring the zoonotic potential of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis through comparative genomics.	Wynne JW, Bull TJ, Seemann T, Bulach DM, Wagner J, Kirkwood CD, Michalski WP.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0022171	2011
	Anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic responses to infection: a common denominator of human and bovine macrophages infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Abendano N, Juste RA, Alonso-Hearn M.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2013/908348	2013
Phylogeny	Efficient differentiation of Mycobacterium avium complex species and subspecies by use of five-target multiplex PCR.	Shin SJ, Lee BS, Koh WJ, Manning EJ, Anklam K, Sreevatsan S, Lambrecht RS, Collins MT.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00904-10	2010
	Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infects and multiplies in enteric glial cells.	Sechi LA, Ruehl A, Ahmed N, Usai D, Paccagnini D, Felis GE, Zanetti S.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v13.i43.5731	2007
Enzymology	Application of the C(18)-carboxypropylbetaine specimen processing method to recovery of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from ruminant tissue specimens.	Thornton CG, MacLellan KM, Stabel JR, Carothers C, Whitlock RH, Passen S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.5.1783-1790.2002	2002
	Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against a major membrane protein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Bannantine JP, Radosevich TJ, Stabel JR, Berger S, Griffin JF, Paustian ML.	Clin Vaccine Immunol	10.1128/cvi.00353-06	2007
Phylogeny	Insertion sequence IS900 revisited.	Semret M, Turenne CY, Behr MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.44.3.1081-1083.2006	2006
Enzymology	New PCR systems to confirm real-time PCR detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Herthnek D, Bolske G.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-6-87	2006
	Monoclonal Antibodies Bind A SNP-Sensitive Epitope that is Present Uniquely in Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis.	Bannantine JP, Stabel JR, Lamont EA, Briggs RE, Sreevatsan S.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2011.00163	2011
Phylogeny	Amplified fragment length polymorphism reveals specific epigenetic distinctions between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates of various isolation types.	O'Shea B, Khare S, Klein P, Roussel A, Adams LG, Ficht TA, Rice-Ficht AC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01123-10	2011
Phylogeny	Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains isolated from Crohn's disease patients and animal species exhibit similar polymorphic locus patterns.	Ghadiali AH, Strother M, Naser SA, Manning EJ, Sreevatsan S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.11.5345-5348.2004	2004
	Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms.	Turenne CY, Collins DM, Alexander DC, Behr MA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01691-07	2008
Phylogeny	Experimental infection of a bovine model with human isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Allen AJ, Park KT, Barrington GM, Lahmers KK, Abdellrazeq GS, Rihan HM, Sreevatsan S, Davies C, Hamilton MJ, Davis WC.	Vet Immunol Immunopathol	10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.03.014	2011
	Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies and aptamers against major antigens of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Bannantine JP, Radosevich TJ, Stabel JR, Sreevatsan S, Kapur V, Paustian ML.	Clin Vaccine Immunol	10.1128/cvi.00022-07	2007
	Differentiating host-associated variants of Mycobacterium avium by PCR for detection of large sequence polymorphisms.	Semret M, Turenne CY, de Haas P, Collins DM, Behr MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.44.3.881-887.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	Interaction between Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and environmental protozoa.	Whan L, Grant IR, Rowe MT.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-6-63	2006
Pathogenicity	Growth, Congo Red agar colony morphotypes and antibiotic susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.	Parrish NM, Ko CG, Dick JD, Jones PB, Ellingson JL.	Clin Med Res	10.3121/cmr.2.2.107	2004
Enzymology	Definitive differentiation between single and mixed mycobacterial infections in red deer (Cervus elaphus) by a combination of duplex amplification of p34 and f57 sequences and Hpy188I enzymatic restriction of duplex amplicons.	Godfroid J, Delcorps C, Irenge LM, Walravens K, Marche S, Gala JL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.9.4640-4648.2005	2005
Transcriptome	Gene expression profiling of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in simulated multi-stress conditions and within THP-1 cells reveals a new kind of interactive intramacrophage behaviour.	Cossu A, Sechi LA, Zanetti S, Rosu V.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-87	2012
	Comparative genomic analysis of Mycobacterium avium subspecies obtained from multiple host species.	Paustian ML, Zhu X, Sreevatsan S, Robbe-Austerman S, Kapur V, Bannantine JP.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-9-135	2008
Phylogeny	Sequencing of hsp65 distinguishes among subsets of the Mycobacterium avium complex.	Turenne CY, Semret M, Cousins DV, Collins DM, Behr MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.44.2.433-440.2006	2006
	Correlation between rpoB gene mutation in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and clinical rifabutin and rifampicin resistance for treatment of Crohn's disease.	Beckler DR, Elwasila S, Ghobrial G, Valentine JF, Naser SA.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.14.2723	2008
	Characterization of a specific Mycobacterium paratuberculosis recombinant clone expressing 35,000-molecular-weight antigen and reactivity with sera from animals with clinical and subclinical Johne's disease.	El-Zaatari FA, Naser SA, Graham DY.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.7.1794-1799.1997	1997
Enzymology	Use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for subspecies identification of mycobacteria in the Mycobacterium avium complex and for isolation of DNA probes.	Coffin JW, Condon C, Compston CA, Potter KN, Lamontagne LR, Shafiq J, Kunimoto DY.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.30.7.1829-1836.1992	1992
	Inactivation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by pulsed electric fields.	Rowan NJ, MacGregor SJ, Anderson JG, Cameron D, Farish O.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.6.2833-2836.2001	2001
	The efficacy and safety of high-pressure processing of food.	EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ Panel), Koutsoumanis K, Alvarez-Ordonez A, Bolton D, Bover-Cid S, Chemaly M, Davies R, De Cesare A, Herman L, Hilbert F, Lindqvist R, Nauta M, Peixe L, Ru G, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Suffredini E, Castle L, Crotta M, Grob K, Milana MR, Petersen A, Roig Sagues AX, Vinagre Silva F, Barthelemy E, Christodoulidou A, Messens W, Allende A.	EFSA J	10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7128	2022
Enzymology	Inactivation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cows' milk at pasteurization temperatures.	Grant IR, Ball HJ, Neill SD, Rowe MT.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.62.2.631-636.1996	1996
Phylogeny	Identification of two groups of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA hybridization.	Collins DM, Gabric DM, de Lisle GW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.7.1591-1596.1990	1990
Enzymology	Identification of Mycobacterium avium complex in sarcoidosis.	el-Zaatari FA, Naser SA, Markesich DC, Kalter DC, Engstand L, Graham DY.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.9.2240-2245.1996	1996
	Protection against Mycobacterium avium by DNA vaccines expressing mycobacterial antigens as fusion proteins with green fluorescent protein.	Velaz-Faircloth M, Cobb AJ, Horstman AL, Henry SC, Frothingham R.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.67.8.4243-4250.1999	1999
	Biologically distinct subtypes of Mycobacterium avium differ in possession of insertion sequence IS901.	Kunze ZM, Portaels F, McFadden JJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.30.9.2366-2372.1992	1992
Enzymology	Cloning and expression of portions of the 34-kilodalton-protein gene of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis: its application to serological analysis of Johne's disease.	De Kesel M, Gilot P, Misonne MC, Coene M, Cocito C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.31.4.947-954.1993	1993
	Effects of mycobactin J and lactoferrin supplementation of drinking water on the in vivo multiplication of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in gnotobiotic mice.	Hamilton HL, Czuprynski CJ.	Can J Vet Res		1992
	Nucleotide sequence analysis and seroreactivities of the 65K heat shock protein from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.	el-Zaatari FA, Naser SA, Engstrand L, Burch PE, Hachem CY, Whipple DL, Graham DY.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.2.6.657-664.1995	1995
Enzymology	Crohn's disease-isolated mycobacteria are identical to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, as determined by DNA probes that distinguish between mycobacterial species.	McFadden JJ, Butcher PD, Chiodini R, Hermon-Taylor J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.5.796-801.1987	1987
	Use of rifabutin in treatment of systemic Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in mice.	Chiodini RJ, Kreeger JM, Thayer WR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.8.1645	1993
Enzymology	Polymerase chain reaction for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Sjobring U, Mecklenburg M, Andersen AB, Miorner H.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.10.2200-2204.1990	1990
Enzymology	Spheroplastic phase of mycobacteria isolated from patients with Crohn's disease.	Chiodini RJ, Van Kruiningen HJ, Thayer WR, Coutu JA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.24.3.357-363.1986	1986
Enzymology	Intestinal multiplication of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in athymic nude gnotobiotic mice.	Hamilton HL, Follett DM, Siegfried LM, Czuprynski CJ	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.57.1.225-230.1989	1989
Enzymology	Antibacterial activities of naturally occurring compounds against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.	Wong SY, Grant IR, Friedman M, Elliott CT, Situ C	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.00981-08	2008
Pathogenicity	Bactericidal effect of chlorine on Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in drinking water.	Whan LB, Grant IR, Ball HJ, Scott R, Rowe MT	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00987.x	2001
Cultivation	Effect of turbulent-flow pasteurization on survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis added to raw milk.	Pearce LE, Truong HT, Crawford RA, Yates GF, Cavaignac S, de Lisle GW	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.67.9.3964-3969.2001	2001

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#36631	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103965
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (CIP 103965, ATCC 43015)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Enzymes

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Literature

References

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