Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii (CCUG 34222, CCM 7191, DSM 20074)

Name: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii (CCUG 34222, CCM 7191, DSM 20074)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 6450

Type strain

Strain Designation 730, Calvert, Calbert

Culture col. no. CCUG 34222 CCM 7191 DSM 20074 ATCC 9649 NCDO 213 19 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1423823 1584 83684

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History <- ATCC <- R.P. Tittsler, 730 strain Calvert <- M. Rogosa T. Mitsuoka S1-42 <-- ISL <-- ATCC 9649 <-- R. P. Tittsler 730 (strain Calvert) <-- M. Rogosa. CIP <- 1957, NCIB <- 1950, ATCC <- R.P. Tittsler: strain 730/ strain Calbert <- M. Rogosa

Links

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii 730 is an anaerobe, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from sour grain mash.

Gram-positive rod-shaped anaerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 9762

LMG 6412,ATCC 9649,CECT 286,IFO 3202,JCM 1012,LMG 13086,NCFB 213,NCIMB 8130,NBIMCC 2449,NCDO 213,CCUG 34222,NCIB 8130,CCRC 12195,IAM 12474,KCTC 1047,VKM B-1596,CIP 57.8,HAMBI 79,VTT E-79097,NBRC 3202,NRRL B-763,CCM 7191,BCRC 12195,CCT 3744,CCT 1377,KACC 10557,NCIM 2025,NCIM 2365,CDBB 62,CGMCC 1.1875,CGMCC 1.2624,CGMCC 1.2131,VTT E-98097,DSM 20074

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:19:13

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Lactobacillales

Family Lactobacillaceae

Genus Lactobacillus

Species Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii

Full scientific name Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii (Leichmann 1896) Weiss et al. 1984

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii** (2)	Type strain
162730	L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii JCM 20075, IAM 1149, IAM 12067, JCM 20381
162740	L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii JCM 20088, IAM 1174

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
118879	positive	rod-shaped
125438			95
125438	positive		93.813

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
40059	MEDIUM 40- for Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Man Rogosa Sharp agar (68.000 g)
8502	MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11) Composition: Glucose 20.0 g/l Casein peptone 10.0 g/l Meat extract 10.0 g/l Na-acetate 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l (NH4)3 citrate 2.0 g/l K2HPO4 2.0 g/l Tween 80 1.0 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.2 g/l MnSO4 x H2O 0.05 g/l Distilled water
118879	CIP Medium 40	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
8502	positive	growth	37
40059	positive	growth	37
51994	positive	growth	37
67770	positive	growth	37
118879	positive	growth	30-45
118879	negative	growth	10
118879	negative	growth	15
118879	negative	growth	22

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
8502	anaerobe
8502	microaerophile
125439	anaerobe	98.1

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		97.4

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
8502	A11.31	A4alpha L-Lys-D-Asp

Observation

67770

ObservationAssay of Alanine and pyridoxal

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
118879	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
118879	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
118879	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371		Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371		Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
118879	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test
118879	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
118879	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
118879	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	-		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
118879	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
118879	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
118879	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
118879	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
8502	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8502	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8502	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8502	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8502	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
118879	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Engineered	#Food production	#Food

Isolation

@ref	Sample type
8502	sour grain mash
67770	Sour grain mash
118879	Sour grain mash

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
8502	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
118879	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM674030v1 assembly for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii NBRC 3202	complete	GCA_006740305			83684	98.66
66792	ASM190849v1 assembly for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 = JCM 1012	chromosome	GCA_001908495	1423823.4	2721755550	1423823	85.01
67770	ASM143387v1 assembly for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 = JCM 1012	scaffold	GCA_001433875	1423823.3	2657244991	1423823	22.17
67770	ASM61509v1 assembly for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 = JCM 1012	contig	GCA_000615095	1236545.3	2585427925	1423823	4.82
124043	ASM272387v1 assembly for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii	contig	GCA_002723875	83684.12		83684	2.4

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: YIT 0080 (= ATCC 9649)	AB008207	1558	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii ATCC 9649 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF429502	500	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii strain ATCC 9649 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; 16S-23S intergenic spacer, complete sequence; and 23S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF429589	534	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY050172	1507	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii strain BCRC12195 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence	AY773949	1518	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii strain DSM 20074 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	EF468101	426	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii strain DSM 20074 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HM007590	1365	1584
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii 16S ribosomal RNA	M58814	1512	1584
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1012	AB289084	671	83684
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	D31686	175	1584
20218	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 3202	AB680027	1489	83684
20218	L.delbrueckii 16S rRNA	X52654	1488	1584
67770	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1012	LC063163	1525	83684
124043	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii partial 16S rRNA gene, type strain NCIB 8130T	FR683100	1514	83684
124043	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii NBRC3202 gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence.	LC685622	1435	83684

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
8502	50.0
67770	50	genome sequence analysis
67770	50

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 = JCM 1012
PATRIC: 1423823.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	anaerobe	98.10	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	81.30	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	71.20	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	97.40	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM 20074 = JCM 1012
PATRIC: 1423823.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	93.81	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	78.74	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	87.88	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	98.05	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	95.00	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	95.00	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. allosunkii and lactis as emerging human uropathogens in elderly patients.	Guerin F, Sassi M, Gravey F, Zouari A, Quenet B, Lecourt M, Ract P, Michaux C, Auzou M, Isnard C, Cattoir V.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02072-24	2025
	Screening of 14 Lactic Acid Bacteria for Fermentative Isomalto/Malto-Polysaccharide Synthesis.	Brand N, Wefers D.	J Agric Food Chem	10.1021/acs.jafc.4c09286	2025
	In Silico Comparative Genomic Analysis Revealed a Highly Conserved Proteolytic System in Lactobacillus delbrueckii.	Elean M, Albarracin L, Villena J, Kitazawa H, Saavedra L, Hebert EM.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms241411309	2023
Genetics	Draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230: a tool for preliminary identification of enzymes involved in CLA metabolism.	Kuhl GC, Mazzon RR, Duarte RTD, De Dea Lindner J.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-021-00479-2	2021
Genetics	Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis from Milk Products and Other Habitats.	Shani N, Oberhaensli S, Berthoud H, Schmidt RS, Bachmann HP.	Foods	10.3390/foods10123145	2021
Phylogeny	Identification and Monitoring of Lactobacillus delbrueckii Subspecies Using Pangenomic-Based Novel Genetic Markers.	Kim E, Cho EJ, Yang SM, Kim HY.	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.2009.09034	2021
Genetics	Genomic Characterization of Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and Evaluation of the Antiviral Activities of its Extracellular Polysaccharides in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells.	Kanmani P, Albarracin L, Kobayashi H, Hebert EM, Saavedra L, Komatsu R, Gatica B, Miyazaki A, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Suda Y, Aso H, Egusa S, Mishima T, Salas-Burgos A, Takahashi H, Villena J, Kitazawa H.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02178	2018
	A postbiotic consisting of heat-treated lactobacilli has a bifidogenic effect in pure culture and in human fermented faecal communities.	Warda AK, Clooney AG, Ryan F, de Almeida Bettio PH, Di Benedetto G, Ross RP, Hill C.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02459-20	2021
Metabolism	Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Reduces Organophosphate Pesticide Absorption and Toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster.	Trinder M, McDowell TW, Daisley BA, Ali SN, Leong HS, Sumarah MW, Reid G.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01510-16	2016
	Biocontrol of Pathogen Microorganisms in Ripened Foods of Animal Origin.	Delgado J, Alvarez M, Cebrian E, Martin I, Roncero E, Rodriguez M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11061578	2023
	Heterologous expression and antimicrobial potential of class II bacteriocins.	Elisa Heesemann Rosenkilde C, Olsen Lutzhoft D, Vazquez-Uribe R, Otto Alexander Sommer M.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2024.2369338	2024
Pathogenicity	Phylotype-Level Characterization of Complex Communities of Lactobacilli Using a High-Throughput, High-Resolution Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase (pheS) Gene Amplicon Sequencing Approach.	Silvaraju S, Menon N, Fan H, Lim K, Kittelmann S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02191-20	2020
Phylogeny	Rapid species-level identification of vaginal and oral lactobacilli using MALDI-TOF MS analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing.	Anderson AC, Sanunu M, Schneider C, Clad A, Karygianni L, Hellwig E, Al-Ahmad A.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-014-0312-5	2014
Metabolism	Novel Feruloyl Esterase from Lactobacillus fermentum NRRL B-1932 and Analysis of the Recombinant Enzyme Produced in Escherichia coli.	Liu S, Bischoff KM, Anderson AM, Rich JO.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01029-16	2016
	Analysis of Health Benefits Conferred by Lactobacillus Species from Kefir.	Slattery C, Cotter PD, O'Toole PW.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu11061252	2019
	Plant-Based Fermented Beverages: Nutritional Composition, Sensory Properties, and Health Benefits.	Hidalgo-Fuentes B, de Jesus-Jose E, Cabrera-Hidalgo AJ, Sandoval-Castilla O, Espinosa-Solares T, Gonzalez-Reza RM, Zambrano-Zaragoza ML, Liceaga AM, Aguilar-Toala JE.	Foods	10.3390/foods13060844	2024
	Bioaccessibility Evaluation of Soymilk Isoflavones with Biotransformation Processing.	Macedo GA, Caria CREP, Barbosa PPM, Mazine MR, Gambero A.	Foods	10.3390/foods12183401	2023
Metabolism	Assessment of Potential Probiotic and Synbiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Grown In Vitro with Starch-Based Soluble Corn Fiber or Inulin.	Garcia-Nunez IM, Santacruz A, Serna-Saldivar SO, Hernandez SLC, Amaya Guerra CA.	Foods	10.3390/foods11244020	2022
	Lactobacillus helveticus attenuates alcoholic liver injury via regulation of gut microecology in mice.	Lv J, Lang G, Wang Q, Zhao W, Shi D, Zhou Z, Shen Y, Xia H, Han S, Li L.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.70016	2024
	D-Lactic acid production from agricultural residues by membrane integrated continuous fermentation coupled with B vitamin supplementation.	Ma K, Cui Y, Zhao K, Yang Y, Wang Y, Hu G, He M.	Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod	10.1186/s13068-022-02124-y	2022
	In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Probiotic Potential of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus against Species of Clostridium.	Monteiro CRAV, do Carmo MS, Melo BO, Alves MS, Dos Santos CI, Monteiro SG, Bomfim MRQ, Fernandes ES, Monteiro-Neto V.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu11020448	2019
	Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis and ssp. bulgaricus: a chronicle of evolution in action.	El Kafsi H, Binesse J, Loux V, Buratti J, Boudebbouze S, Dervyn R, Kennedy S, Galleron N, Quinquis B, Batto JM, Moumen B, Maguin E, van de Guchte M.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-15-407	2014
Metabolism	Genetically engineered wine yeast produces a high concentration of L-lactic acid of extremely high optical purity.	Saitoh S, Ishida N, Onishi T, Tokuhiro K, Nagamori E, Kitamoto K, Takahashi H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.5.2789-2792.2005	2005
	Identification of Lactobacillus UFV H2B20 (probiotic strain) using DNA-DNA hybridization.	de Magalhaes JT, Uetanabaro AP, de Moraes CA.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-838220080003000026	2008
Phylogeny	Design and evaluation of a Lactobacillus manihotivorans species-specific rRNA-targeted hybridization probe and its application to the study of sour cassava fermentation.	Ampe F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.5.2224-2226.2000	2000
Enzymology	Quantitative analysis of diverse Lactobacillus species present in advanced dental caries.	Byun R, Nadkarni MA, Chhour KL, Martin FE, Jacques NA, Hunter N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.7.3128-3136.2004	2004
	The ftsH gene of the wine bacterium Oenococcus oeni is involved in protection against environmental stress.	Bourdineaud JP, Nehme B, Tesse S, Lonvaud-Funel A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.5.2512-2520.2003	2003
Enzymology	Determination of the domain of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus cell surface proteinase PrtB involved in attachment to the cell wall after heterologous expression of the prtB gene in Lactococcus lactis.	Germond JE, Delley M, Gilbert C, Atlan D.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.6.3377-3384.2003	2003
	Design and evaluation of useful bacterium-specific PCR primers that amplify genes coding for bacterial 16S rRNA.	Marchesi JR, Sato T, Weightman AJ, Martin TA, Fry JC, Hiom SJ, Dymock D, Wade WG.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.2.795-799.1998	1998
	DNA Probe for Lactobacillus delbrueckii.	Delley M, Mollet B, Hottinger H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.56.6.1967-1970.1990	1990
Enzymology	Analysis of Lactobacillus phages and bacteriocins in American dairy products and characterization of a phage isolated from yogurt.	Kilic AO, Pavlova SI, Ma WG, Tao L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.62.6.2111-2116.1996	1996
	CELL-WALL CONSTITUENTS OF LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII.	IKAWA M, PETTAS I.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.86.3.609-610.1963	1963
Phylogeny	Development of a combined selection and enrichment PCR procedure for Clostridium botulinum Types B, E, and F and its use to determine prevalence in fecal samples from slaughtered pigs.	Dahlenborg M, Borch E, Radstrom P.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.10.4781-4788.2001	2001
Cultivation	The nature of some growth stimulatory substances for Lactobacillus delbrueckii.	IKAWA M, O'BARR JS.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.71.4.401-405.1956	1956
	Acetate stimulation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and its replacement of nucleosides.	MACIASR FM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.77.4.497-501.1959	1959
Metabolism	Peptides and bacterial growth. VI. The nutritional requirements of Lactobacillus delbrueckii.	PETERS VJ, SNELL EE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.67.1.69-76.1954	1954
Pathogenicity	Pseudourea, 2,2'-(9,10-anthrylenedimethylene) bis-(2-thio-, dihydrochloride) dihydrate: microbiological assay and tissue distribution studies in mice.	Pittillo RF, Woolley C.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.18.3.519-521.1969	1969
Cultivation	Comparison of seven plating media for enumeration of Listeria spp.	Loessner MJ, Bell RH, Jay JM, Shelef LA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.54.12.3003-3007.1988	1988
Metabolism	Further studies on the binding of vitamin B 12 to the cell wall of a B 12 -requiring Lactobacillus.	Sasaki T.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.109.1.169-178.1972	1972
Metabolism	Studies of the utilization of C14-labeled octadecenoic acids by Lactobacillus arabinosus.	O'LEARY WM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.77.3.367-373.1959	1959
Enzymology	Aldolase of lactic acid bacteria: a case history in the use of an enzyme as an evolutionary marker.	London J, Kline K.	Bacteriol Rev	10.1128/br.37.4.453-478.1973	1973
Metabolism	The enzymically catalysed transfer of the deoxyribosyl group from one purine or pyrimidine to another.	MACNUTT WS.	Biochem J	10.1042/bj0500384	1952
	Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA structures.	Neefs JM, Van de Peer Y, De Rijk P, Chapelle S, De Wachter R.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/21.13.3025	1993
	Probiotics reverse gut dysbiosis and memory impairment associated with esomeprazole use in chronically stressed rats: A significant neuroprotective role for cholecystokinin.	Eladawy RM, Ahmed LA, Salem MB, El-Sayed RM, Salem HA, Mohamed AF.	Int Immunopharmacol	10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114227	2025
Enzymology	Identification and characterisation of the lactic acid bacteria associated with the traditional fermentation of dairy fermented product.	Obioha PI, Ouoba LII, Anyogu A, Awamaria B, Atchia S, Ojimelukwe PC, Sutherland JP, Ghoddusi HB.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-021-00461-y	2021
Metabolism	Biological Transformation of Zearalenone by Some Bacterial Isolates Associated with Ruminant and Food Samples.	Zada S, Alam S, Ayoubi SA, Shakeela Q, Nisa S, Niaz Z, Khan I, Ahmed W, Bibi Y, Ahmed S, Qayyum A.	Toxins (Basel)	10.3390/toxins13100712	2021
Pathogenicity	Nutritional Modulation of Host Defense Peptide Synthesis: A Novel Host-Directed Antimicrobial Therapeutic Strategy?	Whitmore M, Tobin I, Burkardt A, Zhang G.	Adv Nutr	10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100277	2024
	Addition of inulin to probiotic yogurt: Viability of probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum) and sensory characteristics.	Kamel DG, Hammam ARA, Alsaleem KA, Osman DM.	Food Sci Nutr	10.1002/fsn3.2154	2021
	Genomic diversity in Fructobacillus spp. isolated from fructose-rich niches.	Mohamed F, Ruiz Rodriguez LG, Zorzoli A, Dorfmueller HC, Raya RR, Mozzi F.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0281839	2023
Metabolism	Effects of probiotic supplementation on systemic and intestinal oxidant-antioxidant events in splenectomized rats.	Coskun Cevher S, Balabanli B, Aslim B.	Surg Today	10.1007/s00595-014-1035-9	2015
Metabolism	Insight into the bovine milk peptide LPcin-YK3 selection in the proteolytic system of Lactobacillus species.	Sung WY, Yu JW, Hwang JT, Nam HJ, Park JY, Kim Y, Cho JH.	J Pept Sci	10.1002/psc.3268	2020
	Diversity of Vaginal Lactic Acid Bacterial Microbiota in 15 Algerian Pregnant Women with and without Bacterial Vaginosis by using Culture Independent Method.	Alioua S, Abdi A, Fhoula I, Bringel F, Boudabous A, Ouzari IH.	J Clin Diagn Res	10.7860/jcdr/2016/21621.8546	2016
	Standardization of the method for utilization of paneer whey in cultured buttermilk.	Ghanshyambhai MR, Balakrishnan S, Aparnathi KD.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-014-1301-2	2015
	Assessment of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Al(III) Removal Capacity of Bacteria from Food and Gut Ecological Niches: Insights into Biodiversity to Limit Intestinal Biodisponibility of Toxic Metals.	George F, Mahieux S, Daniel C, Titecat M, Beauval N, Houcke I, Neut C, Allorge D, Borges F, Jan G, Foligne B, Garat A.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9020456	2021
	Optimization of D-lactic acid production using unutilized biomass as substrates by multiple parallel fermentation.	Mufidah E, Wakayama M.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-016-0499-2	2016
	Functional characterization of biomedical potential of biosurfactant produced by Lactobacillus helveticus.	Sharma D, Saharan BS.	Biotechnol Rep (Amst)	10.1016/j.btre.2016.05.001	2016
	Lactic Acid Fermentation of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) in a Vegetal Soybean Drink for Developing New Functional Lactose-Free Beverages.	Niccolai A, Bazec K, Rodolfi L, Biondi N, Zlatic E, Jamnik P, Tredici MR.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.560684	2020
	Recombinant bacteriophage LysKB317 endolysin mitigates Lactobacillus infection of corn mash fermentations.	Lu SY, Bischoff KM, Rich JO, Liu S, Skory CD.	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-020-01795-9	2020
Enzymology	Molecular characterization of two lactate dehydrogenase genes with a novel structural organization on the genome of Lactobacillus sp. strain MONT4.	Weekes J, Yuksel GU.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.10.6290-6295.2004	2004
	Pure Culture Fermentation of Brined Cucumbers.	Etchells JL, Costilow RN, Anderson TE, Bell TA.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.12.6.523-535.1964	1964
	Microbial Synthesis of Lactic Acid from Cotton Stalk for Polylactic Acid Production.	Paswan M, Adhikary S, Salama HH, Rusu AV, Zuorro A, Dholakiya BZ, Trif M, Bhattacharya S.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11081931	2023
Metabolism	Utilization of molasses sugar for lactic acid production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii mutant Uc-3 in batch fermentation.	Dumbrepatil A, Adsul M, Chaudhari S, Khire J, Gokhale D.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01595-07	2008
	Optimization of lactic acid production from beet molasses by lactobacillus delbrueckii NCIMB 8130.	Kotzamanidis Ch, Roukas T, Skaracis G.	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1023/a:1015523126741	2002
Genetics	Genome mining approach reveals the CRISPR-Cas systems features and characteristics in Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains.	Panahi B, Rostampour M, Ghaffari MR, Nami Y.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39920	2024
Genetics	Deciphering the metabolism of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii during soy juice fermentation using phenotypic and transcriptional analysis.	Harle O, Niay J, Parayre S, Nicolas A, Henry G, Maillard M-B, Valence F, Thierry A, Guedon E, Falentin H, Deutsch S-M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01936-23	2024
Genetics	A HPLC-based Method for Counting the Genome Copy Number of Cells Allows the Production of a High-quality Mock Community of Bacterial Cells.	Ohyama Y, Miura T, Furukawa M, Shimamura M, Asami Y, Yamazoe A, Uchino Y, Kawasaki H.	Microbes Environ	10.1264/jsme2.me24076	2025
	Probiogenomics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CIDCA 133: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Approaches.	de Jesus LCL, Drumond MM, Aburjaile FF, Sousa TJ, Coelho-Rocha ND, Profeta R, Brenig B, Mancha-Agresti P, Azevedo V.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9040829	2021
Genetics	Characterization and Demonstration of Mock Communities as Control Reagents for Accurate Human Microbiome Community Measurements.	Tourlousse DM, Narita K, Miura T, Ohashi A, Matsuda M, Ohyama Y, Shimamura M, Furukawa M, Kasahara K, Kameyama K, Saito S, Goto M, Shimizu R, Mishima R, Nakayama J, Hosomi K, Kunisawa J, Terauchi J, Sekiguchi Y, Kawasaki H.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01915-21	2022
	Recent Advances in d-Lactic Acid Production from Renewable Resources: Case Studies on Agro-Industrial Waste Streams.	Alexandri M, Schneider R, Mehlmann K, Venus J.	Food Technol Biotechnol	10.17113/ftb.57.03.19.6023	2019
Genetics	Differentiation of Lacticaseibacillus zeae Using Pan-Genome Analysis and Real-Time PCR Method Targeting a Unique Gene.	Kim E, Yang SM, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods10092112	2021
Metabolism	Isolation, purification, and amino acid sequence of lactobin A, one of the two bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus amylovorus LMG P-13139.	Contreras BG, De Vuyst L, Devreese B, Busanyova K, Raymaeckers J, Bosman F, Sablon E, Vandamme EJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.63.1.13-20.1997	1997
Metabolism	Biocatalysis of Platycoside E and Platycodin D3 Using Fungal Extracellular beta-Glucosidase Responsible for Rapid Platycodin D Production.	Ahn HJ, You HJ, Park MS, Johnston TV, Ku S, Ji GE.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms19092671	2018
	Microbial biocatalysis of quercetin-3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside in Salicornia herbacea and their contribution to improved anti-inflammatory activity.	Ahn HJ, You HJ, Park MS, Li Z, Choe D, Johnston TV, Ku S, Ji GE.	RSC Adv	10.1039/c9ra08059g	2020
	Hydrolysis of soybean isoflavone glucosides by lactic acid bacteria	Choi YB, Kim KS, Rhee JS.	Biotechnol Lett	10.1023/a:1021390120400	2002
	Enzymatic Conversion of Sugar Beet Pulp: A Comparison of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation and Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation for Lactic Acid Production.	Berlowska J, Cieciura-Wloch W, Kalinowska H, Kregiel D, Borowski S, Pawlikowska E, Binczarski M, Witonska I, Witonska I.	Food Technol Biotechnol	10.17113/ftb.56.02.18.5390	2018
	Sugar Beet Cultivation in India: Prospects for Bio-Ethanol Production and Value-Added Co-Products.	Mall AK, Misra V, Santeshwari, Pathak AD, Srivastava S.	Sugar Tech	10.1007/s12355-021-01007-0	2021
	Products of sugar beet processing as raw materials for chemicals and biodegradable polymers.	Tomaszewska J, Bielinski D, Binczarski M, Berlowska J, Dziugan P, Piotrowski J, Stanishevsky A, Witonska IA.	RSC Adv	10.1039/c7ra12782k	2018
	Efficient production of polymer-grade L-lactic acid from corn stover hydrolyzate by thermophilic Bacillus sp. strain XZL4.	Xue Z, Wang L, Ju J, Yu B, Xu P, Ma Y.	Springerplus	10.1186/2193-1801-1-43	2012
Metabolism	A Review of the Recent Developments in the Bioproduction of Polylactic Acid and Its Precursors Optically Pure Lactic Acids.	Huang S, Xue Y, Yu B, Wang L, Zhou C, Ma Y.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26216446	2021
	Fermentative Lactic Acid Production From Lignocellulosic Feedstocks: From Source to Purified Product.	Yankov D.	Front Chem	10.3389/fchem.2022.823005	2022
	Lactic acid separation and recovery from fermentation broth by ion-exchange resin: A review.	Din NAS, Lim SJ, Maskat MY, Mutalib SA, Zaini NAM.	Bioresour Bioprocess	10.1186/s40643-021-00384-4	2021
	Advancement of biorefinery-derived platform chemicals from macroalgae: a perspective for bioethanol and lactic acid.	Tong KTX, Tan IS, Foo HCY, Lam MK, Lim S, Lee KT.	Biomass Convers Biorefin	10.1007/s13399-022-02561-7	2022
	Designing primers and evaluation of the efficiency of propidium monoazide - Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for counting the viable cells of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus salivarius.	Lai CH, Wu SR, Pang JC, Ramireddy L, Chiang YC, Lin CK, Tsen HY.	J Food Drug Anal	10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.004	2017
	Pre and Probiotics Involved in the Modulation of Oral Bacterial Species: New Therapeutic Leads in Mental Disorders?	Maitre Y, Mahalli R, Micheneau P, Delpierre A, Guerin M, Amador G, Denis F.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9071450	2021
Biotechnology	Effect of nitrogen sources and neutralizing agents on D-lactic acid production from Kodo millet bran hydrolysate: comparative study and kinetic analysis.	Balakrishnan R, Tadi SRR, Pavan ASS, Sivaprakasam S, Rajaram S	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-019-04124-7	2019
Enzymology	Batch and fed-batch fermentation of optically pure D (-) lactic acid from Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) bran residue hydrolysate: growth and inhibition kinetic modeling.	Balakrishnan R, Tadi SRR, Rajaram SK, Mohan N, Sivaprakasam S	Prep Biochem Biotechnol	10.1080/10826068.2019.1697934	2019
Biotechnology	Bacteriocin production of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus KS400.	Gaspar C, Donders GG, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Queiroz JA, Tomaz C, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-018-0679-z	2018
Pathogenicity	Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains against gas-producing coliforms isolated from colicky infants.	Savino F, Cordisco L, Tarasco V, Locatelli E, Di Gioia D, Oggero R, Matteuzzi D	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-11-157	2011
Metabolism	Bidirectional cell-surface anchoring function of C-terminal repeat region of peptidoglycan hydrolase of Lactococcus lactis IL1403.	Tarahomjoo S, Katakura Y, Satoh E, Shioya S	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1263/jbb.105.116	2008
Metabolism	Production of D-lactic acid from defatted rice bran by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.	Tanaka T, Hoshina M, Tanabe S, Sakai K, Ohtsubo S, Taniguchi M	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.025	2005
Phylogeny	Use of PCR-based methods for rapid differentiation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis.	Torriani S, Zapparoli G, Dellaglio F	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.65.10.4351-4356.1999	1999
Enzymology	A reagentless amperometric electrode based on carbon paste, chemically modified with D-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD(+), and mediator containing polymer for D-lactic acid analysis. II. On-line monitoring of fermentation process.	Shu HC, Gorton L, Persson B, Mattiasson B	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.260460311	1995
Metabolism	Phthiocol and menadione as acetate-replacing factors for Lactobacillus delbrueckii.	MACIASR FM	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.82.5.657-661.1961	1961

References

#8502	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 20074
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#40059	; Curators of the CIP;
#51994	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 34222
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#118879	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 57.8
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii (CCUG 34222, CCM 7191, DSM 20074)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

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Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Murein

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Metabolite utilization

Antibiotic resistance

Metabolite tests

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API 50CHac

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Genome browser: GCA_006740305

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