Amycolatopsis azurea (DSM 43854, ATCC 51273, FERM P-4738)

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Multicellular morphology

Multimedia

• @ref:	11336
  multimedia content:	DSM_43854.jpg
  multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_43854.jpg
  caption:	Medium 535 28°C
  intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
  manual_annotation:	1

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
11336	TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Distilled water
11336	GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65) Composition: Agar 18.0 g/l Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l Distilled water
19607	ISP 2			Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19607	ISP 3			Name: ISP 3; 5315 Composition Dog oat flakes 20.0 g/l Trace element solution (5314) 2.5 ml/l Agar 18.0 g/l Preparation: Oat flakes are cooked for 20 minutes, trace element solution and agar are added (in the case of non rolled oat flakes the suspension has to bee filtrated). Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.8 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy (e.g. SEM As liquid medium for metabolite production) Organisms: All Actinomycetes Trace element solution 5314 Name: Trace element solution 5314; 5314 Composition CaCl2 x H2O 3.0 g/l Fe-III-citrate 1.0 g/l MnSO4 0.2 g/l ZnCl2 0.1 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.025 g/l Sodium tetra borate 0.2 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.004 g/l Sodium molybdate 0.01 g/l Preparation: Use double destillated water. Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Trace element solution for different media Organisms:
19607	ISP 4			Name: ISP 4; DSM 547 Solution I: Difco soluble starch, 10.0 g. Make a paste of the starch with a small amount of cold distilled water and bring to a volume of 500 ml. Solution II: CaCO3 2.0 g K2HPO4 (anhydrous) 1.0 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g NaCl 1.0 g (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g Distilled water 500.0 ml Trace salt solution (see below) 1.0 ml The pH should be between 7.0 and 7.4. Do not adjust if it is within this range. Mix solutions I and II together. Add 20.0 g agar. Liquify agar by steaming at 100°C for 10 to 20 min. Trace element solution: FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.1 g ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g Distilled water 100.0 ml
19607	ISP 5			Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19607	ISP 6			Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19607	ISP 7			Name: ISP 7 (5322) Composition Glycerol 15.0 g/l L-Tyrosine 0.5 g/l L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l K2HPO4 0.5 g/l NaCl 0.5 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.01 g/l Trace element solution 5343 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.3 Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes

Culture temp

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Compound production

Halophily

Observation

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68368	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	fermentation	from API 20E
19607	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	+
19607	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-
68368	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
19607	28757 ChEBI	fructose	-
19607	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
68368	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
19607	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
68368	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
19607	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+
68368	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API 20E
19607	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+
19607	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	-
68368	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
19607	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+
68368	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
19607	18222 ChEBI	xylose	-

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		from API 20E
67770		azureomycin
68368	17997 ChEBI	dinitrogen		from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API 20E
68368	16301 ChEBI	nitrite		from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	-		from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API 20E

API zym

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AJ400709 (>99% sequence identity) for Amycolatopsis from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	30
Soil Samples	689
Animal Samples	79
Plant Samples	635
Total Samples	1433

Risk assessment

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM199521v1 assembly for Amycolatopsis azurea DSM 43854	scaffold	GCA_001995215	1238180.7	8114095953	1238180	60.13
67770	Amycolatopsis azurea assembly for Amycolatopsis azurea DSM 43854	contig	GCA_000340415	1238180.3	2537562147	1238180	47.94

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Amycolatopsis azurea partial 16S rRNA gene, strain IMSNU 20053T	AJ400709	1460		36819
20218	Amycolatopsis azurea 16S rRNA (part.)	X53199	1300		36819

GC content

Predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Biosynthesis of Octacosamicin A: Uncommon Starter/extender Units and Product Releasing via Intermolecular Amidation.	Liao Y, Wang XJ, Ma GL, Candra H, Qiu En SL, Khandelwal S, Liang ZX.	Chembiochem	10.1002/cbic.202300590	2024
	A rare peptide scaffold in kineomicins, the glycopeptide antibiotics produced by Actinokineospora auranticolor DSM 44650.	Yushchuk O, Berini F, Zhong L, Ruckert-Reed C, Bernasconi E, Bartolone L, Busche T, Kalinowski J, Sussmuth RD, Marinelli F.	Commun Chem	10.1038/s42004-025-01534-x	2025
Genetics	Genome neighborhood network reveals insights into enediyne biosynthesis and facilitates prediction and prioritization for discovery.	Rudolf JD, Yan X, Shen B.	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-015-1671-0	2016
Metabolism	Identification and characterization of two types of amino acid-regulated acetyltransferases in actinobacteria.	Lu YX, Liu XX, Liu WB, Ye BC.	Biosci Rep	10.1042/bsr20170157	2017
Enzymology	A newly discovered Bordetella species carries a transcriptionally active CRISPR-Cas with a small Cas9 endonuclease.	Ivanov YV, Shariat N, Register KB, Linz B, Rivera I, Hu K, Dudley EG, Harvill ET.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-015-2028-9	2015
Metabolism	Cloning and heterologous expression of P450Um-1, a novel bacterial P450 gene, for hydroxylation of immunosuppressive agent AS1387392.	Ueno M, Sasamura S, Yamashita M, Shigematsu N, Hashimoto M, Hino M, Fujie A.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.1038/ja.2010.109	2010
	Bacteria export alarmone synthetases that produce (p)ppApp and (p)ppGpp.	Ahmad S, Guedez AG, Manisa B, Adewale A, Tsang KK, Schiefer V, Bullen NP, Thakar H, Kim Y, Wang B, Whitney JC.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02227-25	2025
	High Versatility of IPP and DMAPP Methyltransferases Enables Synthesis of C6 , C7 and C8 Terpenoid Building Blocks.	Drummond L, Haque PJ, Gu B, Jung JS, Schewe H, Dickschat JS, Buchhaupt M.	Chembiochem	10.1002/cbic.202200091	2022
	Cationic Silver Nanoclusters as Potent Antimicrobials against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.	Huma ZE, Gupta A, Javed I, Das R, Hussain SZ, Mumtaz S, Hussain I, Rotello VM.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.8b02438	2018
	Fully Zwitterionic Nanoparticle Antimicrobial Agents through Tuning of Core Size and Ligand Structure.	Huo S, Jiang Y, Gupta A, Jiang Z, Landis RF, Hou S, Liang XJ, Rotello VM.	ACS Nano	10.1021/acsnano.6b04207	2016
Genetics	Revisiting the Taxonomic Status of the Biomedically and Industrially Important Genus Amycolatopsis, Using a Phylogenomic Approach.	Sangal V, Goodfellow M, Blom J, Tan GYA, Klenk HP, Sutcliffe IC.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02281	2018
	Rapid identification of bacterial biofilms and biofilm wound models using a multichannel nanosensor.	Li X, Kong H, Mout R, Saha K, Moyano DF, Robinson SM, Rana S, Zhang X, Riley MA, Rotello VM.	ACS Nano	10.1021/nn505753s	2014
	Novel peptaibiotics identified from Trichoderma clade Viride.	Marik T, Gufu B, Vishwanathula A, Balazs D, Rozsnyoi A, Terna G, Kovacs F, Kocsube S, Varga M, Szekeres A, Druzhinina IS, Vagvolgyi C, Papp T, Tyagi C, Kredics L.	Nat Prod Bioprospect	10.1007/s13659-025-00524-9	2025
	Characterization of the xiamenmycin biosynthesis gene cluster in Streptomyces xiamenensis 318.	Yang Y, Fu L, Zhang J, Hu L, Xu M, Xu J.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0099537	2014
Pathogenicity	Nanomaterial-based sensors for detection of foodborne bacterial pathogens and toxins as well as pork adulteration in meat products.	Inbaraj BS, Chen BH.	J Food Drug Anal	10.1016/j.jfda.2015.05.001	2016
Metabolism	Purification and characterization of an extracellular poly(L-lactic acid) depolymerase from a soil isolate, Amycolatopsis sp. strain K104-1.	Nakamura K, Tomita T, Abe N, Kamio Y.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.1.345-353.2001	2001
Genetics	Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.	Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007	2018
Genetics	Genome sequencing and annotation of Amycolatopsis azurea DSM 43854(T).	Khatri I, Subramanian S, Mayilraj S	Genom Data	10.1016/j.gdata.2013.12.003	2014
Metabolism	Bioconversion of AS1387392: bioconversion studies involving Amycolatopsis azurea JCM 3275.	Sasamura S, Ohsumi K, Takase S, Yamada T, Muramatsu H, Fujie A, Mori H, Fujii T, Hino M, Sakamoto K, Hashimoto M	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.1038/ja.2010.108	2010
Phylogeny	Studies on bacterial cell wall inhibitors. VII. Azureomycins A and B, new antibiotics produced by Pseudonocardia azurea nov. sp. Taxonomy of the producing organism, isolation, characterization and biological properties.	Omura S, Tanaka H, Tanaka Y, Spiri-Nakagawa P, Oiwa R, Takahashi Y, Matsuyama K, Iwai Y	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.7164/antibiotics.32.985	1979
Phylogeny	Amycolatopsis decaplanina sp. nov., a novel member of the genus with unusual morphology.	Wink J, Gandhi J, Kroppenstedt RM, Seibert G, Straubler B, Schumann P, Stackebrandt E.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.02586-0	2004
Phylogeny	Amycolatopsis magusensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.	Camas M, Sahin N, Sazak A, Sproer C, Klenk HP	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.042770-0	2012