Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens (DSM 5603, ATCC 14835, CCUG 18124)

Name: Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens (DSM 5603, ATCC 14835, CCUG 18124)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 41

Type strain

Culture col. no. DSM 5603 ATCC 14835 CCUG 18124 IAM 1834 IFO 12388 8 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 89584

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM CIP

Links

Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens DSM 5603 is an aerobe, mesophilic, Gram-negative prokaryote that was isolated from dried fruit .

Gram-negative rod-shaped aerobe mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 92755

LMG 1381,ATCC 14835,CCUG 18124,IAM 1834,IFO 12388,LMG 1382,NCIB 9136,CIP 103109,DSM 5603,NCIMB 9136,CCM 3621,ICMP 8600,LMD 76.52,NCCB 76052,NBRC 12388,BCRC 12950,CCRC 12950,JCM 17840

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:46:45

Domain Pseudomonadati

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Alphaproteobacteria

Order Rhodospirillales

Family Acetobacteraceae

Genus Gluconacetobacter

Species Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens

Full scientific name Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens corrig. (Asai 1935) Yamada et al. 1998

Synonyms (6)

Gluconoacetobacter liquefaciens
Acetobacter aceti subsp. liquefaciens
"Gluconobacter liquefaciens"
"Gluconobacter liquifaciens"
Acetobacter liquefaciens
Acetobacter liquefaciens

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens** (2)	Type strain
162078	G. liquefaciens JCM 17689, ATCC 23749, IAM 1836, IFO 12257, ...
163092	G. liquefaciens JCM 21165, ATCC 23751, IAM 14351, LMG 1503, ...

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
120623	negative	rod-shaped
125438	negative		96.828
125439	negative		99.6

Colony morphology

46759

Incubation period3 days

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
2250	YPM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 360)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: YPM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 360) Composition: Mannitol 25.0 g/l Agar 12.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l Peptone 3.0 g/l Distilled water
2250	GLUCONOBACTER OXYDANS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 105)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GLUCONOBACTER OXYDANS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 105) Composition: Glucose 100.0 g/l CaCO3 20.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Yeast extract 10.0 g/l Distilled water
34114	MEDIUM 1 - for Acetobacter, Azotobacter, Gluconobacter, Gluconacetobacter, Mesorhizodium ciceri and Pseudomonas doudoroffii		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Agar (15.000 g);Yeast extract (5.000 g);Peptone (3.000 g);Mannitol (25.000 g)
120623	CIP Medium 1	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
2250	positive	growth	28	mesophilic
34114	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
46759	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
120623	positive	growth	22-37
120623	negative	growth	10
120623	negative	growth	41
120623	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
46759	aerobe
120623	obligate aerobe
125439	obligate aerobe	94.5

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		96.9

Compound production

2250

Compoundrestriction endonuclease AacI (BamHI)

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
120623	NaCl	positive	growth	0 %
120623	NaCl		growth	2 %
120623	NaCl		growth	4 %
120623	NaCl		growth	6 %
120623	NaCl		growth	8 %
120623	NaCl		growth	10 %

Observation

67770

Observationquinones: Q-10

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
120623	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	+	hydrolysis
120623	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
120623	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is antibiotic	Is sensitive	Is resistant
120623	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
120623	35581 ChEBI	indole

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
120623	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
120623	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
120623	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
120623	gelatinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
120623	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	+	3.4.21.4	from API zym
120623	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	+		from API zym

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	gluconeogenesis	100	8 of 8
66794	butanoate fermentation	100	4 of 4
66794	starch degradation	100	10 of 10
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	adipate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	glycogen metabolism	100	5 of 5
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	propanol degradation	100	7 of 7
66794	quinate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	100	9 of 9
66794	ethanol fermentation	100	2 of 2
66794	acetate fermentation	100	4 of 4
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	100	8 of 8
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	cyanate degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	100	8 of 8
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	100	14 of 14
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	aerobactin biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	taurine degradation	100	1 of 1
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	ceramide biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	valine metabolism	100	9 of 9
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
66794	proline metabolism	90.91	10 of 11
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	90	9 of 10
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	allantoin degradation	88.89	8 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	NAD metabolism	88.89	16 of 18
66794	alanine metabolism	86.21	25 of 29
66794	citric acid cycle	85.71	12 of 14
66794	heme metabolism	85.71	12 of 14
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	85.71	24 of 28
66794	photosynthesis	85.71	12 of 14
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	84.62	11 of 13
66794	methionine metabolism	84.62	22 of 26
66794	purine metabolism	81.91	77 of 94
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	81.82	9 of 11
66794	propionate fermentation	80	8 of 10
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	80	36 of 45
66794	3-chlorocatechol degradation	80	4 of 5
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	flavin biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	serine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	77.78	7 of 9
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	75	9 of 12
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	75	6 of 8
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	isoleucine metabolism	75	6 of 8
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	75	3 of 4
66794	lysine metabolism	73.81	31 of 42
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	71.43	5 of 7
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
66794	arginine metabolism	70.83	17 of 24
66794	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
66794	urea cycle	69.23	9 of 13
66794	leucine metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	d-mannose degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	66.67	4 of 6
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	sulfoquinovose degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	glutathione metabolism	64.29	9 of 14
66794	tyrosine metabolism	64.29	9 of 14
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	63.64	7 of 11
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	63.64	7 of 11
66794	non-pathway related	63.16	24 of 38
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	62.5	10 of 16
66794	histidine metabolism	62.07	18 of 29
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	61.54	16 of 26
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	61.54	8 of 13
66794	lipid metabolism	61.29	19 of 31
66794	cysteine metabolism	61.11	11 of 18
66794	tryptophan metabolism	60.53	23 of 38
66794	creatinine degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	cellulose degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	57.14	52 of 91
66794	d-xylose degradation	54.55	6 of 11
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	50	5 of 10
66794	glycine metabolism	50	5 of 10
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	3-phenylpropionate degradation	46.67	7 of 15
66794	degradation of pentoses	46.43	13 of 28
66794	sulfate reduction	46.15	6 of 13
66794	ascorbate metabolism	45.45	10 of 22
66794	cholesterol biosynthesis	45.45	5 of 11
66794	phenol degradation	45	9 of 20
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	44.44	8 of 18
66794	degradation of sugar acids	44	11 of 25
66794	benzoyl-CoA degradation	42.86	3 of 7
66794	bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway	41.18	7 of 17
66794	carotenoid biosynthesis	40.91	9 of 22
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	elloramycin biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	40	2 of 5
66794	gallate degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
66794	degradation of hexoses	38.89	7 of 18
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	37.5	6 of 16
66794	carnitine metabolism	37.5	3 of 8
66794	polyamine pathway	34.78	8 of 23
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	nitrate assimilation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	sphingosine metabolism	33.33	2 of 6
66794	(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	27.27	3 of 11
66794	catecholamine biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	toluene degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	alginate biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	23.53	8 of 34
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	23.08	3 of 13

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

@ref

46759

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C18:1 ω7c /12t/9t	47.8	17.824
C16:0 2OH	13	17.233
C14:0 2OH	11.3	15.205
C16:0	10.7	16
C14:0	6.9	14
C16:0 3OH	3.1	17.52
C14:0 3OH/C16:1 ISO I	2.8	15.485
C19:0 CYCLO ω8c	2	18.9
C13:1 at 12-13	1.6	12.931
C18:0 3OH	0.9	19.551

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
120623	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Plants	#Shrub (Scrub)
#Host	#Plants	#Tree
#Host Body-Site	#Plant	#Fruit (Seed)

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Isolation date	Host species	Sampling date
2250	dried fruit (Diospyros sp.)		Japan	JPN	Asia		Diospyros
46759	Fruit,dried of persimmon,Diospyros sp.		Japan	JPN	Asia			1935
120623	Food, Dried fruit	Persimmon	Japan	JPN	Asia	1935

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X75617 (>99% sequence identity) for Gluconacetobacter from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	68
Soil Samples	59
Animal Samples	111
Plant Samples	84
Total Samples	322

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2250	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
120623	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM335040v1 assembly for Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens DSM 5603	scaffold	GCA_003350405	89584.5	2756170231	89584	68.68
67770	ASM1417428v1 assembly for Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens LMG 1382	contig	GCA_014174285	89584.9		89584	62.52
67770	ASM653908v1 assembly for Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens NBRC 12388	contig	GCA_006539085	89584.7		89584	52.89

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens strain DSM 5603 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JF793997	1354	89584
20218	Acetobacter liquefaciens 16S rRNA, partial sequence	AB003981	155	89584
20218	A.liquefaciens gene for 16S ribosomal RNA	X75617	1483	89584
20218	Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 17840	AB648911	1413	89584
20218	Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens strain LMG 1381 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JF793996	1354	89584
20218	Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 12388	AB680281	1416	89584
67770	Acetobacter liquefaciens 16S rRNA, partial sequence	AB003979	155	89584

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
67770	62-65	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens DSM 5603
NCBI: GCA_003350405

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	96.90	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	78.70	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	99.60	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	94.50	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens strain DSM 5603
PATRIC: 89584.5

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	96.83	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	93.54	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	86.83	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	89.15	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	96.64	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	68.92	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Anaerobic 3-methylhopanoid production by an acidophilic photosynthetic purple bacterium.	Mayer MH, Parenteau MN, Kempher ML, Madigan MT, Jahnke LL, Welander PV.	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-021-02561-7	2021
Enzymology	Two NADPH-dependent 2-ketogluconate reductases involved in 2-ketogluconate assimilation in Gluconobacter sp. strain CHM43.	Nakashima S, Matsutani M, Kataoka N, Adachi O, Yamashita R, Matsushita K, Tippayasak U, Theeragool G, Yakushi T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02501-24	2025
	Combined use of 16S ribosomal DNA and 16S rRNA to study the bacterial community of polychlorinated biphenyl-polluted soil.	Nogales B, Moore ER, Llobet-Brossa E, Rossello-Mora R, Amann R, Timmis KN.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.4.1874-1884.2001	2001
	Design and Performance Testing of a DNA Extraction Assay for Sensitive and Reliable Quantification of Acetic Acid Bacteria Directly in Red Wine Using Real Time PCR.	Longin C, Guilloux-Benatier M, Alexandre H.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00831	2016
Phylogeny	Numerical Analysis of Phenotypic Features and Protein Gel Electrophoregrams of a Wide Variety of Acetobacter strains. Proposal for the Improvement of the Taxonomy of the Genus Acetobacter Beijerinck 1898, 215.	Gossele F, Swings J, Kersters K, Pauwels P, De Ley J	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/S0723-2020(83)80020-4	1983
Phylogeny	Endobacter medicaginis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from alfalfa nodules in an acidic soil.	Ramirez-Bahena MH, Tejedor C, Martin I, Velazquez E, Peix A	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.041368-0	2012

References

#2250	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 5603
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#34114	; Curators of the CIP;
#46759	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 18124
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#120623	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103109
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens (DSM 5603, ATCC 14835, CCUG 18124)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Compound production

Halophily

Observation

Metabolite utilization

Antibiotic resistance

Metabolite production

Enzymes

Pathway annotation

Fatty acid profile?

API zym

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_003350405

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

Help

Social Media

Fatty acid profile