Bifidobacterium gallicum (DSM 20093, ATCC 49850, JCM 8224)

Name: Bifidobacterium gallicum (DSM 20093, ATCC 49850, JCM 8224)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 1732

Type strain

Strain Designation P6

Culture col. no. DSM 20093 ATCC 49850 JCM 8224 CCUG 34979 P6 4 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 561180 78342

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History <- H. Beerens, P6 DSM 20093 <-- H. Beerens P6. CIP <- 1990, DSM <- H. Beerens: strain P6

Links

Bifidobacterium gallicum P6 is an anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive prokaryote that was isolated from intestine of adult.

Gram-positive rod-shaped anaerobe mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 9635

LMG 11596,ATCC 49850,CCUG 34979,DSM 20093,JCM 8224,CIP 103417,KCTC 3277,AS 1.2274,KCTC 3462,CECT 5778,NCAIM B.02019,CGMCC 1.2274

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:18:10

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Bifidobacteriales

Family Bifidobacteriaceae

Genus Bifidobacterium

Species Bifidobacterium gallicum

Full scientific name Bifidobacterium gallicum Lauer 1990

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119509	positive	rod-shaped
125438			93.5
125439			94.7

Colony morphology

119509

Hemolysis ability1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
8519	BIFIDOBACTERIUM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 58)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: BIFIDOBACTERIUM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 58) Composition: Glucose 10.0 g/l Casein peptone 10.0 g/l Bacto Soytone 5.0 g/l Meat extract 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l L-Cysteine HCl x H2O 0.5 g/l NaHCO3 0.4 g/l NaCl 0.08 g/l MnSO4 x H2O 0.05 g/l KH2PO4 0.04 g/l K2HPO4 0.04 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.02 g/l CaCl2 x 2 H2O 0.01 g/l Tween 80 Resazurin Distilled water
40247	MEDIUM 20 - for Anaerobic bacteria		Agar (15.000 g);Glucose (5.000 g);Yeast extract (20.000 g);Tryptone (30.000 g);Cysteine hydrochloride (0.500 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml);Hemin solution -M00149 (25.000 ml)
119509	CIP Medium 20	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
8519	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
40247	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
52429	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	37	mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
8519	anaerobe
52429	anaerobe
125439	microaerophile	95.6

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
8519	A11.13	A3alpha L-Lys-L-Ala-L-Ser

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
119509	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	degradation
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	degradation
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	degradation
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	fermentation	from API rID32A
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	hydrolysis
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	29985 ChEBI	L-glutamate	-	degradation	from API rID32A
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	degradation
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	degradation
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
119509	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
68380	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API rID32A
119509	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371		Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371		Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	fermentation	from API rID32A
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17814 ChEBI	salicin	+	degradation
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119509	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	degradation
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API rID32A
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68380	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API rID32A
119509	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API rID32A

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68380	alanine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.2	from API rID32A
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68380	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-arabinosidase	-	3.2.1.55	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68380	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68380	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68380	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
119509	amylase	+
68380	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API rID32A
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
119509	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68380	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API rID32A
68380	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphate	-		from API rID32A
68382	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68380	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API rID32A
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
68380	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32A
119509	caseinase	-	3.4.21.50
119509	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
119509	DNase	-
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
119509	gelatinase	-
68380	glutamate decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.15	from API rID32A
68380	glutamyl-glutamate arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	glycin arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	histidine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	L-arginine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
119509	lecithinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68380	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
68380	leucyl glycin arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
119509	lipase	-
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68380	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API rID32A
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
119509	oxidase	-
68380	phenylalanine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68380	proline-arylamidase	+	3.4.11.5	from API rID32A
68380	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API rID32A
68380	serine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68380	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API rID32A
119509	tween esterase	-
68380	tyrosine arylamidase	+		from API rID32A
119509	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68380	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32A
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

@ref

52429

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C16:0	36.3	16
C14:0	18.9	14
C18:1 ω9c	13.9	17.769
C13:0 3OH/C15:1 i I/H	7.2	14.469
Unidentified	4.7	18.221
C18:2 ω6,9c/C18:0 ANTE	4.6	17.724
C18:0	4	18
C12:0	2.5	12
C16:1 ω9c	1.7	15.774
C13:1 at 12-13	1.4	12.931
C17:1 ω5c ISO	1	16.461
unknown 12.486	1	12.486
C16:1 ω7c	0.9	15.819
C17:1 ω9c	0.8	16.773
C10:0	0.7	10
C17:0 iso 3OH	0.5	18.161

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
119509	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
8519	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	+/-	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API rID32A

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
52429	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2
#Host Body-Site	#Gastrointestinal tract

Isolation

@ref	Sample type
8519	intestine of adult
52429	Human adult intestine
67770	Human feces
119509	Human, Feces

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
8519	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119509	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	Bifgalcum assembly for Bifidobacterium gallicum DSM 20093 = LMG 11596	contig	GCA_000741205	561180.13	2597490252	561180	76.44
67770	ASM17337v1 assembly for Bifidobacterium gallicum DSM 20093 = LMG 11596	contig	GCA_000173375	561180.4	2562617144	561180	73.76
67770	DSM-20093 assembly for Bifidobacterium gallicum DSM 20093 = LMG 11596	contig	GCA_000771165	561180.15	2671180475	561180	68.03

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Bifidobacterium gallicum gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 8224	AB116301	490	561180
20218	Bifidobacterium gallicum gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 8224	AB507097	664	561180
20218	Bifidobacterium gallicum gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 8224	D86189	1530	561180
20218	Bifidobacterium gallicum strain KCTC 3277 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	GU361820	1495	78342
67770	Bifidobacterium gallicum gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 8224	LC071850	1482	561180

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
8519	61.0	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)
67770	61

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Bifidobacterium gallicum DSM 20093 = LMG 11596
NCBI: GCA_000173375

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	66.40	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	94.70	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	86.70	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	microaerophile	95.60	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Bifidobacterium gallicum DSM 20093
PATRIC: 561180.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	85.34	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	85.58	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	88.43	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	92.04	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	94.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	93.50	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Phylogenetic Analysis of the Bifidobacterium Genus Using Glycolysis Enzyme Sequences.	Brandt K, Barrangou R.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00657	2016
Pathogenicity	Fecal Microbiota Composition Drives Immune Activation in HIV-infected Individuals.	Neff CP, Krueger O, Xiong K, Arif S, Nusbacher N, Schneider JM, Cunningham AW, Armstrong A, Li S, McCarter MD, Campbell TB, Lozupone CA, Palmer BE.	EBioMedicine	10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.024	2018
	Extensive microbial and functional diversity within the chicken cecal microbiome.	Sergeant MJ, Constantinidou C, Cogan TA, Bedford MR, Penn CW, Pallen MJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0091941	2014
Genetics	Comparative genomics of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related probiotic genera.	Lukjancenko O, Ussery DW, Wassenaar TM.	Microb Ecol	10.1007/s00248-011-9948-y	2012
Metabolism	Oxalate-degrading activity in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis: impact of acidic conditions on the transcriptional levels of the oxalyl coenzyme A (CoA) decarboxylase and formyl-CoA transferase genes.	Turroni S, Bendazzoli C, Dipalo SC, Candela M, Vitali B, Gotti R, Brigidi P.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00844-10	2010
Metabolism	The influence of milk oligosaccharides on microbiota of infants: opportunities for formulas.	Chichlowski M, German JB, Lebrilla CB, Mills DA.	Annu Rev Food Sci Technol	10.1146/annurev-food-022510-133743	2011
	A postbiotic consisting of heat-treated lactobacilli has a bifidogenic effect in pure culture and in human fermented faecal communities.	Warda AK, Clooney AG, Ryan F, de Almeida Bettio PH, Di Benedetto G, Ross RP, Hill C.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02459-20	2021
Phylogeny	Identification of species belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus by PCR-RFLP analysis of a hsp60 gene fragment.	Baffoni L, Stenico V, Strahsburger E, Gaggia F, Di Gioia D, Modesto M, Mattarelli P, Biavati B.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-13-149	2013
Enzymology	Bifidobacterial diversity in human feces detected by genus-specific PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.	Satokari RM, Vaughan EE, Akkermans AD, Saarela M, de Vos WM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.2.504-513.2001	2001
Metabolism	Diversity, ecology and intestinal function of bifidobacteria.	Bottacini F, Ventura M, van Sinderen D, O'Connell Motherway M.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/1475-2859-13-s1-s4	2014
Metabolism	Analysis of polyamine biosynthetic- and transport ability of human indigenous Bifidobacterium.	Sugiyama Y, Nara M, Sakanaka M, Kitakata A, Okuda S, Kurihara S.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1080/09168451.2018.1475211	2018
	Comparative prebiotic potential of galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides, native inulin, and acacia gum in Kenyan infant gut microbiota during iron supplementation.	Momo Cabrera P, Rachmuhl C, Derrien M, Bourdet-Sicard R, Lacroix C, Geirnaert A.	ISME Commun	10.1093/ismeco/ycae033	2024
	Identification and characterization of WhiB-like family proteins of the Bifidobacterium genus.	Averina OV, Zakharevich NV, Danilenko VN.	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.04.011	2012
Phylogeny	Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with changes in gut microbiota composition at the species level.	Chen F, Gan Y, Li Y, He W, Wu W, Wang K, Li Q.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-021-02207-0	2021
	Alternation of the gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome: an integrated analysis based on multicenter amplicon sequencing data.	Chen H, Ou R, Tang N, Su W, Yang R, Yu X, Zhang G, Jiao J, Zhou X.	J Transl Med	10.1186/s12967-023-03953-7	2023
	Galacto-Oligosaccharide RP-G28 Improves Multiple Clinical Outcomes in Lactose-Intolerant Patients.	Chey W, Sandborn W, Ritter AJ, Foyt H, Azcarate-Peril MA, Savaiano DA.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu12041058	2020
	Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes among Human Gut-Derived Bifidobacteria.	Duranti S, Lugli GA, Mancabelli L, Turroni F, Milani C, Mangifesta M, Ferrario C, Anzalone R, Viappiani A, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02894-16	2017
Metabolism	Bifidobacterium pseudolongum in the Ceca of Rats Fed Hi-Maize Starch Has Characteristics of a Keystone Species in Bifidobacterial Blooms.	Centanni M, Lawley B, Butts CA, Roy NC, Lee J, Kelly WJ, Tannock GW.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00547-18	2018
Phylogeny	Dissecting the Evolutionary Development of the Species Bifidobacterium animalis through Comparative Genomics Analyses.	Lugli GA, Mancino W, Milani C, Duranti S, Mancabelli L, Napoli S, Mangifesta M, Viappiani A, Anzalone R, Longhi G, van Sinderen D, Ventura M, Turroni F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02806-18	2019
Phylogeny	Investigation of the evolutionary development of the genus Bifidobacterium by comparative genomics.	Lugli GA, Milani C, Turroni F, Duranti S, Ferrario C, Viappiani A, Mancabelli L, Mangifesta M, Taminiau B, Delcenserie V, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02004-14	2014
Metabolism	Unique Microbial Catabolic Pathway for the Human Core N-Glycan Constituent Fucosyl-alpha-1,6-N-Acetylglucosamine-Asparagine.	Becerra JE, Rodriguez-Diaz J, Gozalbo-Rovira R, Palomino-Schatzlein M, Zuniga M, Monedero V, Yebra MJ.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02804-19	2020
Metabolism	Varied Pathways of Infant Gut-Associated Bifidobacterium to Assimilate Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Prevalence of the Gene Set and Its Correlation with Bifidobacteria-Rich Microbiota Formation.	Sakanaka M, Gotoh A, Yoshida K, Odamaki T, Koguchi H, Xiao JZ, Kitaoka M, Katayama T.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu12010071	2019
Metabolism	Impact of short-chain galactooligosaccharides on the gut microbiome of lactose-intolerant individuals.	Azcarate-Peril MA, Ritter AJ, Savaiano D, Monteagudo-Mera A, Anderson C, Magness ST, Klaenhammer TR.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1606722113	2017
Metabolism	In vitro kinetic analysis of fermentation of prebiotic inulin-type fructans by Bifidobacterium species reveals four different phenotypes.	Falony G, Lazidou K, Verschaeren A, Weckx S, Maes D, De Vuyst L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01488-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Characterization and cloning of the genes encoding enterocin 1071A and enterocin 1071B, two antimicrobial peptides produced by Enterococcus faecalis BFE 1071.	Balla E, Dicks LM, Du Toit M, Van Der Merwe MJ, Holzapfel WH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.4.1298-1304.2000	2000
Genetics	Genome sequence and characterization of the Tsukamurella bacteriophage TPA2.	Petrovski S, Seviour RJ, Tillett D.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01938-10	2011
Phylogeny	Exploring the diversity of the bifidobacterial population in the human intestinal tract.	Turroni F, Foroni E, Pizzetti P, Giubellini V, Ribbera A, Merusi P, Cagnasso P, Bizzarri B, de'Angelis GL, Shanahan F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02216-08	2009
Metabolism	Characterization of the serpin-encoding gene of Bifidobacterium breve 210B.	Turroni F, Foroni E, O'Connell Motherway M, Bottacini F, Giubellini V, Zomer A, Ferrarini A, Delledonne M, Zhang Z, van Sinderen D, Ventura M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02938-09	2010
	Population dynamics of Bifidobacterium species in human feces during raffinose administration monitored by fluorescence in situ hybridization-flow cytometry.	Dinoto A, Marques TM, Sakamoto K, Fukiya S, Watanabe J, Ito S, Yokota A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01777-06	2006
Pathogenicity	The murein hydrolase of the bacteriophage phi3626 dual lysis system is active against all tested Clostridium perfringens strains.	Zimmer M, Vukov N, Scherer S, Loessner MJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.11.5311-5317.2002	2002
Metabolism	The aspartate-less receiver (ALR) domains: distribution, structure and function.	Maule AF, Wright DP, Weiner JJ, Han L, Peterson FC, Volkman BF, Silvaggi NR, Ulijasz AT.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1004795	2015
Genetics	Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.	Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007	2018
Phylogeny	Characterization of an insertion sequence-like element, ISBlo15, identified in a size-increased cryptic plasmid pBK283 in Bifidobacterium longum BK28.	Fukiya S, Sugiyama T, Kano Y, Yokota A	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.02.013	2010
Phylogeny	Characterization of the phylogenetic diversity of five novel species belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium: Bifidobacterium castoris sp. nov., Bifidobacterium callimiconis sp. nov., Bifidobacterium goeldii sp. nov., Bifidobacterium samirii sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium dolichotidis sp. nov.	Duranti S, Lugli GA, Napoli S, Anzalone R, Milani C, Mancabelli L, Alessandri G, Turroni F, Ossiprandi MC, van Sinderen D, Ventura M	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.003306	2019
Phylogeny	Bifidobacterium gallicum sp. nov. isolated from human feces.	Lauer E	Int J Syst Bacteriol	10.1099/00207713-40-1-100	1990

References

#8519	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 20093
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#40247	; Curators of the CIP;
#52429	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 34979
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68380	Automatically annotated from API rID32A .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#119509	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103417
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Bifidobacterium gallicum (DSM 20093, ATCC 49850, JCM 8224)

Name and taxonomic classification