Streptomyces violaceochromogenes (DSM 40181, ATCC 19932, ATCC 25512)

Name: Streptomyces violaceochromogenes (DSM 40181, ATCC 19932, ATCC 25512)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 16077

Type strain

Culture col. no. DSM 40181 ATCC 19932 ATCC 25512 CBS 654.69 IFO 13100 9 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 67377

Special Collections DSMZ JCM KCTC Wink compendium

History <- E.B. Shirling, ISP <- T.P. Preobrazhenskaya, INA KCC S-0530 <-- IFO 13100 <-- SAJ <-- ISP 5181 <-- T. P. Preobrazhenskaya INA 425.

Links

Streptomyces violaceochromogenes DSM 40181 is a spore-forming, mesophilic prokaryote that builds an aerial mycelium and was isolated from soil.

spore-forming mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 45813

ATCC 19932,ATCC 25512,IFO 13100,DSM 40181,JCM 4530,NRRL B-5427,VKM Ac-581,CBS 654.69,CBS 201.74,NBRC 13100,BCC 7125,BCRC 13782,CCRC 13782,KCTC 19974,CGMCC 4.1753

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:21:53

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Kitasatosporales

Family Streptomycetaceae

Genus Streptomyces

Species Streptomyces violaceochromogenes

Full scientific name Streptomyces violaceochromogenes (Ryabova and Preobrazhenskaya 1957) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (1)

"Actinomyces violaceochromogenes"

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Confidence	Motility
125439	positive	99.8
125439		90.5

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony color	Incubation period	Medium used
19419	Brown	10-14 days	ISP 2
19419	Yellow	10-14 days	ISP 3
19419	Brown	10-14 days	ISP 4
19419	Yellow	10-14 days	ISP 5
19419	Yellow	10-14 days	ISP 6
19419	Brown	10-14 days	ISP 7

Multicellular morphology

@ref	Complex name	Complex color	Medium name
19419	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 2
19419	Aerial Mycelium	Grey	ISP 3
19419	Aerial Mycelium	Grey	ISP 4
19419	Aerial Mycelium	Grey	ISP 5
19419			ISP 6
19419	Aerial Mycelium	Grey	ISP 7

Multimedia

@ref:	9245
multimedia content:	DSM_40181.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_40181.jpg
caption:	Medium 65 28°C
intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
manual_annotation:	1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
9245	GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65) Composition: Agar 18.0 g/l Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l Distilled water
19419	ISP 2		Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19419	ISP 3		Name: ISP 3; 5315 Composition Dog oat flakes 20.0 g/l Trace element solution (5314) 2.5 ml/l Agar 18.0 g/l Preparation: Oat flakes are cooked for 20 minutes, trace element solution and agar are added (in the case of non rolled oat flakes the suspension has to bee filtrated). Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.8 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy (e.g. SEM As liquid medium for metabolite production) Organisms: All Actinomycetes Trace element solution 5314 Name: Trace element solution 5314; 5314 Composition CaCl2 x H2O 3.0 g/l Fe-III-citrate 1.0 g/l MnSO4 0.2 g/l ZnCl2 0.1 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.025 g/l Sodium tetra borate 0.2 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.004 g/l Sodium molybdate 0.01 g/l Preparation: Use double destillated water. Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Trace element solution for different media Organisms:
19419	ISP 4		Name: ISP 4; DSM 547 Solution I: Difco soluble starch, 10.0 g. Make a paste of the starch with a small amount of cold distilled water and bring to a volume of 500 ml. Solution II: CaCO3 2.0 g K2HPO4 (anhydrous) 1.0 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g NaCl 1.0 g (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g Distilled water 500.0 ml Trace salt solution (see below) 1.0 ml The pH should be between 7.0 and 7.4. Do not adjust if it is within this range. Mix solutions I and II together. Add 20.0 g agar. Liquify agar by steaming at 100°C for 10 to 20 min. Trace element solution: FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.1 g ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g Distilled water 100.0 ml
19419	ISP 5		Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19419	ISP 6		Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19419	ISP 7		Name: ISP 7 (5322) Composition Glycerol 15.0 g/l L-Tyrosine 0.5 g/l L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l K2HPO4 0.5 g/l NaCl 0.5 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.01 g/l Trace element solution 5343 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.3 Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
9245	positive	growth	28	mesophilic
19419	positive	optimum	28	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	28	mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
125439	obligate aerobe	99

Spore formation

@ref	Spore description	Confidence
19419	Formation of spore chains: retinaculiapetri, spore surface: smooth
125439		90.5
125438		93.042

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
19419	NaCl	positive	maximum	7.5 %

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
19419	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	-
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19419	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	assimilation	from API 20E
19419	28757 ChEBI	fructose	-
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19419	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
19419	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
19419	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
19419	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-
19419	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	-
19419	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19419	18222 ChEBI	xylose	-

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68368	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68368	gelatinase	-		from API 20E
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
68368	tryptophan deaminase	+	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
19419	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Soil

Isolation

9245

Sample typesoil

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
9245	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
19419	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
124043	ASM3604285v1 assembly for Streptomyces violaceochromogenes CGMCC 4.1753	contig	GCA_036042855	67377.5		67377	78.15
66792	ASM1465023v1 assembly for Streptomyces violaceochromogenes JCM 4530	scaffold	GCA_014650235	67377.3	8109577898	67377	70.23

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTG2 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920573	1252	1571709
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTG5 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920576	1286	1571712
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTGn11 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920578	1303	1571714
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTHn1 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920579	1306	1571715
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTHn2 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920580	1312	1571716
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTM2 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920583	1297	1571719
20218	Streptomyces sp. MTMn4 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920585	1279	1571721
20218	Streptomyces sp. NTRH1 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AB920586	1287	1571722
20218	Streptomyces violaceochromogenes strain IFO 13100 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY999867	1425	67377
20218	Streptomyces violaceochromogenes gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 4530	D44215	121	67377
20218	Streptomyces violaceochromogenes gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 13100	AB184312	1477	67377
124043	Streptomyces violaceochromogenes strain JCM 4530 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MT760566	1402	67377

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Streptomyces violaceochromogenes JCM 4530
NCBI: GCA_014650235

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	90.50	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	90.50	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	99.80	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	99.00	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Streptomyces violaceochromogenes JCM 4530
NCBI: GCA_014650235.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	88.76	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	97.37	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	89.32	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	yes	93.04	yes
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.00	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	88.50	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	The Madeira Archipelago As a Significant Source of Marine-Derived Actinomycete Diversity with Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potential.	Prieto-Davo A, Dias T, Gomes SE, Rodrigues S, Parera-Valadez Y, Borralho PM, Pereira F, Rodrigues CM, Santos-Sanches I, Gaudencio SP.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01594	2016
Phylogeny	Microbial Flora Associated with the Halophyte-Salsola imbricate and Its Biotechnical Potential.	Bibi F, Strobel GA, Naseer MI, Yasir M, Khalaf Al-Ghamdi AA, Azhar EI.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00065	2018
	Cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase inactivating-enzyme from Streptomyces violaceochromogenes.	Murao S, Nishino T, Maeda Y.	Agric Biol Chem	10.1080/00021369.1984.10866470	1984
Enzymology	New automated measurement of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase with use of protease 401.	Watazu Y, Uji Y, Sugiuchi H, Okabe H, Murao S.	Clin Chem	10.1093/clinchem/36.4.687	1990
	Arugomycin, a new anthracycline antibiotic. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and physico-chemical properties.	Kawai H, Hayakawa Y, Nakagawa M, Furihata K, Furihata K, Shimazu A, Seto H, Otake N.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.7164/antibiotics.40.1266	1987
Metabolism	Selective proteolysis of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase by a new microbial protease.	Nagashima F, Tanase S, Higaki T, Morino Y, Murao S, Nishino T.	J Biochem	10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135565	1986
Pathogenicity	Nybomycin-producing Streptomyces isolated from carpenter ant Camponotus vagus.	Zakalyukina YV, Birykov MV, Lukianov DA, Shiriaev DI, Komarova ES, Skvortsov DA, Kostyukevich Y, Tashlitsky VN, Polshakov VI, Nikolaev E, Sergiev PV, Osterman IA	Biochimie	10.1016/j.biochi.2019.02.010	2019

References

#9245	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 40181
#19419	Wink, J.: Compendium of Actinobacteria. HZI-Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig .
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Streptomyces violaceochromogenes (DSM 40181, ATCC 19932, ATCC 25512)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Multicellular morphology

Multimedia

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Halophily

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API 20E

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_036042855

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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