Spirochaeta thermophila (DSM 6578, ATCC 700085, Z-1203)

Name: Spirochaeta thermophila (DSM 6578, ATCC 700085, Z-1203)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 14323

Type strain

Strain Designation Z-1203

Culture col. no. DSM 6578 ATCC 700085 Z-1203

NCBI tax ID(s) 869211 154

Special Collections DSMZ

History <- F. A. Rainey, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; Z-1203 (Spirochaeta thermophila) <- H. Y. Aksenova, Institute of Microbiology, Russ. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;

Links

Spirochaeta thermophila Z-1203 is an anaerobe, thermophilic prokaryote that was isolated from marine hot spring.

anaerobe thermophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 43763

ATCC 700085,DSM 6578

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:50:19

Domain Pseudomonadati

Phylum Spirochaetota

Class Spirochaetia

Order Spirochaetales

Family Spirochaetaceae

Genus Spirochaeta

Species Spirochaeta thermophila

Full scientific name Spirochaeta thermophila Aksenova et al. 1992

Synonyms (1)

Winmispira thermophila

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Spirochaeta thermophila** (1)	Type strain
14322	S. thermophila RI 19.B1, DSM 6192, ATCC 49972

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Confidence
125439	positive	98.4

Multimedia

@ref:	66793
multimedia content:	EM_DSM_6578_1.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	EM_DSM_6578_1.jpg
caption:	electron microscopic image
intellectual property rights:	© HZI/Manfred Rohde
manual_annotation:	1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
2738	SPIROCHAETA THERMOPHILA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 509)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: SPIROCHAETA THERMOPHILA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 509) Composition: NaCl 14.9402 g/l MgCl2 x 6 H2O 2.29084 g/l Na2CO3 1.49402 g/l Starch 0.996016 g/l Yeast extract 0.996016 g/l KCl 0.498008 g/l Na2S x 9 H2O 0.298805 g/l NH4Cl 0.298805 g/l KH2PO4 0.199203 g/l CaCl2 x 2 H2O 0.0298805 g/l HCl 0.00249004 g/l FeCl2 x 4 H2O 0.00149402 g/l Sodium resazurin 0.000498008 g/l NaOH 0.000498008 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.000189243 g/l Pyridoxine hydrochloride 9.96016e-05 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 9.96016e-05 g/l ZnCl2 6.97211e-05 g/l Thiamine HCl 4.98008e-05 g/l Nicotinic acid 4.98008e-05 g/l Calcium D-(+)-pantothenate 4.98008e-05 g/l p-Aminobenzoic acid 4.98008e-05 g/l (DL)-alpha-Lipoic acid 4.98008e-05 g/l Riboflavin 4.98008e-05 g/l Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 3.58566e-05 g/l NiCl2 x 6 H2O 2.39044e-05 g/l Folic acid 1.99203e-05 g/l Biotin 1.99203e-05 g/l H3BO3 5.9761e-06 g/l Na2WO4 x 2 H2O 3.98406e-06 g/l Na2SeO3 x 5 H2O 2.98805e-06 g/l CuCl2 x 2 H2O 1.99203e-06 g/l Vitamin B12 9.96016e-07 g/l Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
2738	positive	growth	65	thermophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
2738	anaerobe
125438	anaerobe	92.934
125439	facultative anaerobe	99.7

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	cellulose degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	100	7 of 7
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	ceramide biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	starch degradation	90	9 of 10
66794	valine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	83.33	5 of 6
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	81.25	13 of 16
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	80	8 of 10
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	glycogen metabolism	80	4 of 5
66794	NAD metabolism	77.78	14 of 18
66794	d-mannose degradation	77.78	7 of 9
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	76.92	10 of 13
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	gluconeogenesis	75	6 of 8
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	75	6 of 8
66794	isoleucine metabolism	75	6 of 8
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	73.33	33 of 45
66794	flavin biosynthesis	73.33	11 of 15
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	72.73	8 of 11
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	71.43	5 of 7
66794	photosynthesis	71.43	10 of 14
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	purine metabolism	68.09	64 of 94
66794	degradation of pentoses	67.86	19 of 28
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	serine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	65.38	17 of 26
66794	glycolysis	64.71	11 of 17
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	64.29	18 of 28
66794	d-xylose degradation	63.64	7 of 11
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	degradation of hexoses	61.11	11 of 18
66794	non-pathway related	60.53	23 of 38
66794	hydrogen production	60	3 of 5
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	57.14	4 of 7
66794	heme metabolism	57.14	8 of 14
66794	propanol degradation	57.14	4 of 7
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	55.56	5 of 9
66794	sulfate reduction	53.85	7 of 13
66794	leucine metabolism	53.85	7 of 13
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	53.85	49 of 91
66794	urea cycle	53.85	7 of 13
66794	alanine metabolism	51.72	15 of 29
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	aminopropanol phosphate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	butanoate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	propionate fermentation	50	5 of 10
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	cysteine metabolism	50	9 of 18
66794	histidine metabolism	48.28	14 of 29
66794	polyamine pathway	47.83	11 of 23
66794	lysine metabolism	47.62	20 of 42
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	46.15	6 of 13
66794	methionine metabolism	46.15	12 of 26
66794	arginine metabolism	45.83	11 of 24
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	45.45	5 of 11
66794	proline metabolism	45.45	5 of 11
66794	tryptophan metabolism	44.74	17 of 38
66794	nitrate assimilation	44.44	4 of 9
66794	citric acid cycle	42.86	6 of 14
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	glycine metabolism	40	4 of 10
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	lipid metabolism	38.71	12 of 31
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	37.5	3 of 8
66794	degradation of sugar acids	36	9 of 25
66794	tyrosine metabolism	35.71	5 of 14
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	33.33	6 of 18
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	33.33	4 of 12
66794	ascorbate metabolism	31.82	7 of 22
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	glutathione metabolism	28.57	4 of 14
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	25	4 of 16
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	23.08	3 of 13
66794	chlorophyll metabolism	22.22	4 of 18
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	20.59	7 of 34

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Aquatic	#Marine
#Environmental	#Aquatic	#Thermal spring
#Condition	#Thermophilic (>45°C)	-

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
2738	marine hot spring	Kurils, Shiashkoten island	Russia	RUS	Europe

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence FR749903 (>99% sequence identity) for Spirochaeta thermophila subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	191
Soil Samples	56
Animal Samples	727
Plant Samples	40
Total Samples	1014

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2738	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM18434v2 assembly for Winmispira thermophila DSM 6578	complete	GCA_000184345	869211.3	2506381022	869211	91.65

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Spirochaeta thermophila partial 16S rRNA gene, type strain DSM 6578T	FR749903	1538		154

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
2738	60.9	sequence analysis

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6578
NCBI: GCA_000184345

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	79.50	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	83.10	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	98.40	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	99.70	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6578 DSM 6578
NCBI: GCA_000184345.2

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	83.24	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	92.93	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	94.44	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	81.38	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	yes	61.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	59.38	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Validation List no. 224. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM.	Oren A, Goker M.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.006801	2025
	Translational Frameshifting in the chlD Gene Gives a Clue to the Coevolution of the Chlorophyll and Cobalamin Biosyntheses.	Kuznetsov S, Milenkin A, Antonov I.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10061200	2022
	The Repertoire of Solute-Binding Proteins of Model Bacteria Reveals Large Differences in Number, Type, and Ligand Range.	Ortega A, Matilla MA, Krell T.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.02054-22	2022
	Comprehensive analysis of repetitive extragenic palindrome sequences identified in bacteria and archaea using a new web-based tool, RepRanger.	Murashko ON, Morgan-Lang C, Yu C-HA, Lin H-N, Chao Kaberdina A, Kung S-Y, Kaberdin VR, Lin-Chao S.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.00124-25	2025
	The Presence and Localization of G-Quadruplex Forming Sequences in the Domain of Bacteria.	Bartas M, Cutova M, Brazda V, Kaura P, Stastny J, Kolomaznik J, Coufal J, Goswami P, Cerven J, Pecinka P.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules24091711	2019
	Cellular assays identify barriers impeding iron-sulfur enzyme activity in a non-native prokaryotic host.	D'Angelo F, Fernandez-Fueyo E, Garcia PS, Shomar H, Pelosse M, Manuel RR, Buke F, Liu S, van den Broek N, Duraffourg N, de Ram C, Pabst M, Bouveret E, Gribaldo S, Py B, Ollagnier de Choudens S, Barras F, Bokinsky G.	Elife	10.7554/elife.70936	2022
Metabolism	Stability and Ligand Promiscuity of Type A Carbohydrate-binding Modules Are Illustrated by the Structure of Spirochaeta thermophila StCBM64C.	Pires VM, Pereira PM, Bras JL, Correia M, Cardoso V, Bule P, Alves VD, Najmudin S, Venditto I, Ferreira LM, Romao MJ, Carvalho AL, Fontes CM, Prazeres DM.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m116.767541	2017
Metabolism	Novel family of carbohydrate-binding modules revealed by the genome sequence of Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6192.	Angelov A, Loderer C, Pompei S, Liebl W.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00523-11	2011
Metabolism	Distribution of glucan-branching enzymes among prokaryotes.	Suzuki E, Suzuki R.	Cell Mol Life Sci	10.1007/s00018-016-2243-9	2016
Transcriptome	Investigating the Campylobacter jejuni Transcriptional Response to Host Intestinal Extracts Reveals the Involvement of a Widely Conserved Iron Uptake System.	Liu MM, Boinett CJ, Chan ACK, Parkhill J, Murphy MEP, Gaynor EC.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01347-18	2018
Metabolism	Mannosylglucosylglycerate biosynthesis in the deep-branching phylum Planctomycetes: characterization of the uncommon enzymes from Rhodopirellula baltica.	Cunha S, d'Avo AF, Mingote A, Lamosa P, da Costa MS, Costa J.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep02378	2013
Biotechnology	Discovery and Biotechnological Exploitation of Glycoside-Phosphorylases.	Li A, Benkoulouche M, Ladeveze S, Durand J, Cioci G, Laville E, Potocki-Veronese G.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms23063043	2022
Metabolism	Structural, bioinformatic, and in vivo analyses of two Treponema pallidum lipoproteins reveal a unique TRAP transporter.	Deka RK, Brautigam CA, Goldberg M, Schuck P, Tomchick DR, Norgard MV.	J Mol Biol	10.1016/j.jmb.2012.01.015	2012
Enzymology	Insight into the potential factors influencing the catalytic direction in cellobiose 2-epimerase by crystallization and mutagenesis.	Feng Y, Hua X, Shen Q, Matthews M, Zhang Y, Fisher AJ, Lyu X, Yang R	Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol	10.1107/S205979832001222X	2020
Metabolism	Glucose catabolism by Spirochaeta thermophila RI 19.B1.	Janssen PH, Morgan HW	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.174.8.2449-2453.1992	1992
	Thermospira aquatica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermophilic spirochete isolated from a Tunisian hot spring, and description of the novel family Thermospiraceae.	Gam ZBA, Thioye A, Cayol JL, Postec A, Bartoli-Joseph M, Vandecasteele C, Erauso G, Labat M.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.005690	2023
	Developmental Cycle and Genome Analysis of Protochlamydia massiliensis sp. nov. a New Species in the Parachlamydiacae Family.	Benamar S, Bou Khalil JY, Blanc-Tailleur C, Bilen M, Barrassi L, La Scola B.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2017.00385	2017

References

#2738	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 6578
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66793	Mukherjee et al.: GEBA: 1,003 reference genomes of bacterial and archaeal isolates expand coverage of the tree of life. 35: 676 - 683 2017 ( DOI 10.1038/nbt.3886 , PubMed 28604660 )
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Spirochaeta thermophila (DSM 6578, ATCC 700085, Z-1203)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Multimedia

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Pathway annotation

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000184345

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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