Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli (ATCC 19392, MCCM 00142, DSM 19655)

Name: Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli (ATCC 19392, MCCM 00142, DSM 19655)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 11689

Type strain

Strain Designation PM 30/53

Culture col. no. ATCC 19392 MCCM 00142 DSM 19655 CCUG 2041 CIP 103284 4 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 718 202947

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM CIP

Links

Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli PM 30/53 is a mesophilic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped human pathogen that was isolated from horse blood; foal that died of sleepy-foal disease.

Gram-negative rod-shaped mesophilic human pathogen genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 92092

LMG 3736,ATCC 19392,CCUG 2041,JCM 2432,NCTC 8529,NBIMCC 555,CIP 103284,DSM 19655

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:49:39

Domain Pseudomonadati

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Pasteurellales

Family Pasteurellaceae

Genus Actinobacillus

Species Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli

Full scientific name Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli (van Straaten 1918) Christensen et al. 2002

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119128	negative	rod-shaped
125438			90.06
125438	negative		97

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
8234	COLUMBIA BLOOD AGAR (DSMZ Medium 429)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD AGAR (DSMZ Medium 429; with strain-specific modifications) Composition: Horse serum 200.0 g/l Horse blood 40.0 g/l Columbia agar base
40587	MEDIUM 4 - Columbia agar with 20 % sterile defibrinated horse serum		Horse serum (200.000 ml);Columbia agar (39.000 g);Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml)
119128	CIP Medium 4	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
8234	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
40587	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	37	mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
125439	obligate aerobe	96.3

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68381	40585 ChEBI	alpha-cyclodextrin	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68368	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API ID32E
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
68374	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	assimilation	from API 20E
68374	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68381	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68377	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API NH
68374	18024 ChEBI	D-galacturonic acid	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68377	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API NH
68374	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68381	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
68381	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68374	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68374	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API ID32E
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
68374	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	assimilation	from API ID32E
68381	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68377	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API NH
68374	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68381	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68368	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68381	320055 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68374	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API ID32E
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
68374	18394 ChEBI	palatinose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68374		Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68381	27941 ChEBI	pullulan	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68374	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68381	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68374	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68381	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68374	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68368	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68374	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API ID32E
68374	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API ID32E
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68374	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API ID32E
68381	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API rID32STR
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
68374	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API ID32E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-		from API rID32STR
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-		from API 20E
68374	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API ID32E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68381	Alanyl-Phenylalanyl-Proline arylamidase	-		from API rID32STR
68381	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API rID32STR
68377	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API NH
68374	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API ID32E
68374	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API ID32E
68374	alpha-maltosidase	-		from API ID32E
68374	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API ID32E
68368	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68374	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API ID32E
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68381	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API rID32STR
68374	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API ID32E
68381	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32STR
68374	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API ID32E
68381	beta-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.25	from API rID32STR
68368	cytochrome oxidase	+	1.9.3.1	from API 20E
68368	gelatinase	-		from API 20E
68381	glycyl tryptophan arylamidase	-		from API rID32STR
68374	L-aspartate arylamidase	-	3.4.11.21	from API ID32E
68374	lipase	+		from API ID32E
68377	lipase	+		from API NH
68374	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API ID32E
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68381	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API rID32STR
68374	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API ID32E
68374	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API ID32E
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68381	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API rID32STR
68374	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API ID32E
68368	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API 20E

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

@ref

44468

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C16:1 ω7c	38.3	15.819
C14:0	27.7	14
C16:0	20.6	16
C14:0 3OH/C16:1 ISO I	9.3	15.485
C12:0	1.5	12
C18:2 ω6,9c/C18:0 ANTE	1.2	17.724
C13:0 ISO 2OH	0.8	13.814
unknown 14.503	0.6	14.503

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
44468	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API ID32E

@ref	ODC	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	URE	LARL	GAT	5KG	LipaseLIP	Phenol red (Acidification)RP	beta GLU	MAN	MAL	ADO	PLE	beta GUR	MNT	IND	N-Acetyl-beta-Glucosaminidasebeta NAG	beta GAL	GLU	SAC	LARA	DARL	alpha GLU	alpha GAL	TRE	RHA	INO	CEL	SOR	alpha-MaltosidasealphaMAL	L-aspartic acid arylamidaseAspA
44468	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API NH

@ref	PEN	GLU	FRU	MAL	SAC	ODC	URE	LIP	PAL	beta GAL	ProA	GGT	IND
8234	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+
8234	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-
8234	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	-
8234	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-

API rID32STR

@ref	ADH (Arg)	beta GLU	beta GAR	beta GUR	alpha GAL	PAL	RIB	MAN	SOR	LAC	TRE	RAF	SAC	LARA	DARL	Acid from alpha-cyclodextrinCDEX	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	Alanyl-Phenylalanyl-Proline arylamidaseAPPA	beta GAL	Pyrrolidonyl arylamidasePyrA	N-Acetyl-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	Glycyl-tryptophan arylamidaseGTA	HIP	GLYG	PUL	MAL	MEL	MLZ	Acidification of methyl beta-D-glucopyranosideMbeta DG	TAG	beta MAN	URE
8234	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+
8234	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+/-	-	-	-	-	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Mammals	#Equidae (Horse)
#Host Body Product	#Fluids	#Blood

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Sampling date	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Isolation date
8234	horse blood; foal that died of sleepy-foal disease			United Kingdom	GBR	Europe
44468	Foal blood	1953	Newmarket	United Kingdom	GBR	Europe
67770	Blood of foal dead from "Sleepy-foal Disease"
119128	Animal, Foal, blood						1953

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AF381186 (>99% sequence identity) for Actinobacillus from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1
Soil Samples
Animal Samples	16
Plant Samples
Total Samples	17

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Pathogenicity animal	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
8234			2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119128			1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	44087_C02 assembly for Actinobacillus equuli NCTC8529	complete	GCA_900636745	718.4	8117882421	718	99.37
66792	ASM2977368v1 assembly for Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli CCUG2041	complete	GCA_029773685	202947.11	8086593439	202947	99.03

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Actinobacillus equuli partial 16S rRNA gene, strain P157	AJ438649	435	718
20218	Actinobacillus equuli 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	AH001563	100	718
20218	Actinobacillus equuli strain NCTC 8529 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	M75072	1477	718
8234	Actinobacillus equuli 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF381186	1362	202947

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Actinobacillus equuli strain NCTC8529
PATRIC: 718.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	86.80	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	60.20	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	variable	68.20	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	96.30	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Actinobacillus equuli NCTC8529
NCBI: GCA_900636745.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	97.00	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	93.71	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	74.98	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	88.03	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	96.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	90.06	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Pathological Features and Genomic Characterization of an Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli Bearing Unique Virulence-Associated Genes from an Adult Horse with Pleuropneumonia.	Kamali M, Carossino M, Del Piero F, Peak L, Mitchell MS, Willette J, Baker R, Li F, Kenez A, Balasuriya UBR, Go YY.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens12020224	2023
	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot analysis of the immunoglobulin G response to whole-cell and lipooligosaccharide antigens of Pasteurella pneumotropica in laboratory mice with latent pasteurellosis.	Manning PJ, Gaibor J, Delong D, Gunther R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.10.2190-2194.1989	1989
Enzymology	Enzymatic characterization of some oral and nonoral gram-negative bacteria with the API ZYM system.	Slots J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.14.3.288-294.1981	1981
	Cellular fatty acid and soluble protein composition of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and related organisms.	Calhoon DA, Mayberry WR, Slots J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.14.4.376-382.1981	1981
	Evaluation and field validation of PCR tests for detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in subclinically infected pigs.	Fittipaldi N, Broes A, Harel J, Kobisch M, Gottschalk M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.11.5085-5093.2003	2003
Phylogeny	Serology of oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and serotype distribution in human periodontal disease.	Zambon JJ, Slots J, Genco RJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.41.1.19-27.1983	1983
	Analysis of major antigens of Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumoniae and related organisms.	MacInnes JI, Rosendal S.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.55.7.1626-1634.1987	1987
	Development of a multiplex quantitative PCR assay for simultaneous detection of Treponema phagedenis, Treponema pedis, Treponema medium, and 'Treponema vincentii' and evaluation on bovine digital dermatitis biopsies.	Frosth S, Eriksson HK, Rosander A.	Vet Res Commun	10.1007/s11259-023-10147-5	2023
Genetics	Whole genome sequencing to study antimicrobial resistance and RTX virulence genes in equine Actinobacillus isolates.	Vereecke N, Vandekerckhove A, Theuns S, Haesebrouck F, Boyen F.	Vet Res	10.1186/s13567-023-01160-2	2023
	Septicemic Actinobacillus suis infection in a neonatal piglet with multifocal necrotic glossitis.	Sugie K, Komatsu T, Watando E, Inaba N, Kato K, Takamatsu D, Ito H, Shibahara T.	J Vet Med Sci	10.1292/jvms.18-0630	2019
	Molecular cloning and sequencing of the aroA gene from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and its use in a PCR assay for rapid identification.	Hernanz Moral C, Cascon Soriano A, Sanchez Salazar M, Yugueros Marcos J, Suarez Ramos S, Naharro Carrasco G.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.5.1575-1578.1999	1999
Enzymology	Actinobacillus spp. and related bacteria in infected wounds of humans bitten by horses and sheep.	Peel MM, Hornidge KA, Luppino M, Stacpoole AM, Weaver RE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.11.2535-2538.1991	1991
Enzymology	Improved diagnostic PCR assay for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae based on the nucleotide sequence of an outer membrane lipoprotein.	Gram T, Ahrens P.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.2.443-448.1998	1998
Enzymology	Pasteurella caballi, a new species from equine clinical specimens.	Schlater LK, Brenner DJ, Steigerwalt AG, Moss CW, Lambert MA, Packer RA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.10.2169-2174.1989	1989
	Development of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of chancroid.	Chui L, Albritton W, Paster B, Maclean I, Marusyk R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.31.3.659-664.1993	1993
	Cross-reactions between Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1) and twenty-eight other bacterial species, including other members of the family Legionellaceae.	Collins MT, Espersen F, Hoiby N, Cho SN, Friis-Moller A, Reif JS.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.39.3.1441-1456.1983	1983
	Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA structures.	Neefs JM, Van de Peer Y, De Rijk P, Chapelle S, De Wachter R.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/21.13.3025	1993
	Distribution of isoprenoid quinone structural types in bacteria and their taxonomic implication.	Collins MD, Jones D.	Microbiol Rev	10.1128/mr.45.2.316-354.1981	1981
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of Actinobacillus equuli subspecies equuli ATCC 19392(T).	Huang BF, Kropinski AM, Bujold AR, MacInnes JI	Stand Genomic Sci	10.1186/s40793-015-0009-x	2015
Phylogeny	Reclassification of equine isolates previously reported as Actinobacillus equuli, variants of A. equuli, Actinobacillus suis or Bisgaard taxon 11 and proposal of A. equuli subsp. equuli subsp. nov. and A. equuli subsp. haemolyticus subsp. nov.	Christensen H, Bisgaard M, Olsen JE	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/00207713-52-5-1569	2002

References

#8234	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 19655
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#40587	; Curators of the CIP;
#44468	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 2041
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#68374	Automatically annotated from API ID32E .
#68377	Automatically annotated from API NH .
#68381	Automatically annotated from API rID32STR .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#119128	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103284
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli (ATCC 19392, MCCM 00142, DSM 19655)

Name and taxonomic classification