Pseudobacillus badius (DSM 23, ATCC 14574, CCM 2113)

Name: Pseudobacillus badius (DSM 23, ATCC 14574, CCM 2113)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 602

Type strain

Strain Designation 663, Henry 110, 110, NRS-663

Culture col. no. DSM 23 ATCC 14574 CCM 2113 NCIB 9364 NCTC 10333 23 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1348627 1455

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History DSMZ <- ATCC <- R.E. Gordon <- N.R. Smith, 663 <- B.S. Henry, 110 <- M. Batchelor JCM <-- NRRL NRS-663 <-- N. R. Smith NRS-663 <-- B. S. Henry 110 <-- M. Batchelor. CIP <- 1958, R.E. Gordon, New Jersey Agri. Stat., New Brunswick, USA <- N.R. Smith: strain NRS-663 <- B.S. Henry: strain 110 <- 1919, M. Batchelor

Links

Pseudobacillus badius 663 is an aerobe, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium that was isolated from Human, Intestinal tract of a child, Bacteriological Laboratory and the Harriet Lane Home, Johns Hopkins University.

spore-forming Gram-positive motile rod-shaped aerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 36979

LMG 7122,ATCC 14574,CCM 2113,CCUG 7412,CECT 17,IAM 11059,NCFB 1760,NCIB 9364,NCTC 10333,NRRL NRS-663,NCDO 1760,NCIMB 9364,IFO15713,VKM B-496,CCRC 11699,KCTC 3739,NBRC 15713,HAMBI 1885,BCRC 11699,CCT 0196,NBIMCC 2210,JCM 12228,CGMCC 1.3653,DSM 23,BCRC 1699,CIP 58.52

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:25:04

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Caryophanales

Family Bacillaceae

Genus Pseudobacillus

Species Pseudobacillus badius

Full scientific name Pseudobacillus badius (Batchelor 1919) Verma et al. 2024

Synonyms (2)

Bacillus badius
Bacillus encimensis

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Motility
116701	positive	rod-shaped

Colony morphology

116701

Hemolysis ability0

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
41065	MEDIUM 3 - Columbia agar		Columbia agar (39.000 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml)
2024	NUTRIENT AGAR (DSMZ Medium 1)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: NUTRIENT AGAR (DSMZ Medium 1) Composition: Agar 15.0 g/l Peptone 5.0 g/l Meat extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
116701	CIP Medium 3	Medium recipe at CIP
116701	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
2024	positive	growth	30
41065	positive	growth	30
44982	positive	growth	30-37
67770	positive	growth	30
116701	positive	growth	22-45
116701	negative	growth	10
116701	negative	growth	55

Culture pH

@ref	Ability	Type	PH
116701	positive	growth	6

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
44982	aerobe
116701	obligate aerobe
125439	facultative anaerobe	92.692

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
116701
125438		93.3

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
116701	NaCl	positive	growth	0-10 %

Observation

67770

Observationquinones: MK-7

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
116701	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	carbon source
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
116701	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	hydrolysis
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
116701	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
116701	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
116701	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	respiration
116701	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
116701	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test
116701	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-
116701	17234 ChEBI	glucose		-

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	-	3.1.3.2	from API zym
116701	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
116701	amylase	-
116701	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
116701	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
116701	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
116701	DNase	-
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
116701	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
116701	gelatinase	+/-
116701	lecithinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API zym
116701	lipase	-
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
116701	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
116701	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
116701	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
116701	tween esterase	-
116701	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
116701	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
116701	not determinedn.d.	+/-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
116701	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
116701	Human, Intestinal tract of a child, Bacteriological Laboratory and the Harriet Lane Home, Johns Hopkins University	Homo sapiens	Baltimore, Maryland	United States of America	USA	North America

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X77790 (>99% sequence identity) for Bacillus badius subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	379
Soil Samples	680
Animal Samples	1037
Plant Samples	121
Total Samples	2217

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2024	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
116701	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM82953v1 assembly for Pseudobacillus badius MTCC 1458	contig	GCA_000829535	1455.5	2636415587	1455	68.2
124043	ASM3622202v1 assembly for Pseudobacillus badius NRS-663	scaffold	GCA_036222025	1455.35		1455	59.42
67770	ASM159160v1 assembly for Bacillus badius NBRC 15713	contig	GCA_001591605	1348627.3	2731957658	1348627	55.06

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Bacillus badius strain ATCC14574 DNA for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	D78310	1435	1455
20218	B.badius (ATCC 14574) 16S rRNA gene	X77790	1442	1455
20218	Bacillus badius gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence	AB006921	279	1455
20218	Bacillus badius gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence	AB271748	1481	1455
20218	B.badius 16S ribosomal RNA	X60610	1433	1455
124043	Bacillus badius strain ATCC 14574 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MT886277	1425	1455

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
2024	43.8	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)
2024	43.5	Buoyant density centrifugation (BD)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM82953v1 assembly for Pseudobacillus badius MTCC 1458
BV-BRC: 1455.5

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	92.69	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	variable	74.99	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	84.11	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	88.68	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Bacillus badius NBRC 15713
PATRIC: 1348627.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	74.76	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	91.69	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	yes	93.30	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	75.19	yes
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	88.35	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	80.65	no

Literature

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	Validation List no. 220. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM.	Oren A, Goker M.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.006501	2024
Enzymology	Development of quantitative real-time PCR assays for detection and quantification of surrogate biological warfare agents in building debris and leachate.	Saikaly PE, Barlaz MA, de Los Reyes FL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00779-07	2007
	Data associated with the characterization and presumptive identification of Bacillus and related species isolated from honey samples by using HiCrome Bacillus agar.	Alippi AM.	Data Brief	10.1016/j.dib.2019.104206	2019
Enzymology	Sensitive and Specific Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assays for Fast Screening, Detection, and Identification of Bacillus anthracis in a Field Setting.	Bentahir M, Ambroise J, Delcorps C, Pilo P, Gala JL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00506-18	2018
	Growth and bacteriolytic activity of a soil amoeba, Hartmannella glebae.	Upadhyay JM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.95.3.771-774.1968	1968
Enzymology	A new NAD+-dependent opine dehydrogenase from Arthrobacter sp. strain 1C.	Asano Y, Yamaguchi K, Kondo K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.171.8.4466-4471.1989	1989
	Relationship between the composition of vaginal bacterial populations and the reproductive stage in captive collared peccaries.	Cavalcante YCS, Santos CS, Dantas LL, Santos RP, Matos YG, Pereira AG, Beraldo KRF, Juliano MA, Brandao FZ, Feijo FMC, Franco de Oliveira M, Mota RA, Comizzoli P, Silva AR.	Reprod Fertil	10.1530/raf-25-0072	2025
	Cost effective media optimization for PHB production by Bacillus badius MTCC 13004 using the statistical approach.	Soni S, Chhokar V, Beniwal V, Kumar R, Badgujjar H, Chauhan R, Dudeja S, Kumar A.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123575	2023
	Isolation of acephate-degrading bacteria and phytoremediation-microbial remediation from soil for the project of water diversion from the Yangtze River to Chaohu Lake.	Wang H, Chang J, Pan C, Jiang D, Wang Y, Yin Q, Chen X, Liao X, Li M, Zhang X.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1675842	2025
	Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus badius NBPM-293, a Plant Growth-Promoting Strain Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil.	Zhu L, Wang Y, Lu J, Liu S, Min Y, Liu X, Qiu Y, Hu H, Zhou R.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00977-21	2021
	Systematic engineering enables efficient biosynthesis of L-phenylalanine in E. coli from inexpensive aromatic precursors.	Nie M, Wang J, Chen Z, Cao C, Zhang K.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-023-02282-0	2024
	Bite injuries at a level 1 trauma center in Germany.	Polan C, Kraus SC, Herten M, Meyer HL, Mester B, Hilken G, Dudda M, Kauther MD, Burggraf M.	Trauma Surg Acute Care Open	10.1136/tsaco-2024-001613	2025
	Valorization of Adhatoda vasica leaves: Extraction, in vitro analyses and in silico approaches.	Rudrapal M, Vallinayagam S, Aldosari S, Khan J, Albadrani H, Al-Shareeda A, Kamal M.	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2023.1161471	2023
	Dual-emissive phenylalanine dehydrogenase-templated gold nanoclusters as a new highly sensitive label-free ratiometric fluorescent probe: heavy metal ions and thiols measurement with live-cell imaging.	Shahrashoob M, Hosseinkhani S, Jafary H, Hosseini M, Molaabasi F.	RSC Adv	10.1039/d3ra03179a	2023
	Optimization studies on biodegradation of atrazine by Bacillus badius ABP6 strain using response surface methodology.	Khatoon H, Rai JPN.	Biotechnol Rep (Amst)	10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00459	2020
Enzymology	Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@NiAl-LDH microspheres implication in separation, kinetic and structural properties of phenylalanine dehydrogenase.	Amirahmadi M, Hosseinkhani S, Hosseini M, Yaghmei P, Heydari A.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19429	2023
Enzymology	Structure-guided steric hindrance engineering of Bacillus badius phenylalanine dehydrogenase for efficient L-homophenylalanine synthesis.	Wu T, Mu X, Xue Y, Xu Y, Nie Y.	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-021-02055-0	2021
Metabolism	Increase of Bacillus badius Phenylalanine dehydrogenase specificity towards phenylalanine substrate by site-directed mutagenesis.	Yousefi F, Ataei F, Arab SS, Hosseinkhani S.	Arch Biochem Biophys	10.1016/j.abb.2017.10.009	2017
Enzymology	High coenzyme affinity chimeric amine dehydrogenase based on domain engineering.	Li J, Mu X, Wu T, Xu Y.	Bioresour Bioprocess	10.1186/s40643-022-00528-0	2022
	Enhanced specificity of Bacillus metataxonomics using a tuf-targeted amplicon sequencing approach.	Xu X, Nielsen LJD, Song L, Maroti G, Strube ML, Kovacs AT.	ISME Commun	10.1038/s43705-023-00330-9	2023
Pathogenicity	Insect immunity in the Anthropocene.	Khan MK, Rolff J.	Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc	10.1111/brv.13158	2025
Metabolism	Biological real-time reaction calorimeter studies for the production of penicillin G acylase from Bacillus badius.	Rajendran K, Rajendran K, Sekar S, Mahadevan S, Kumar Shanmugam B, Jeyaprakash R, Paramasamy G, Mandal AB.	Appl Biochem Biotechnol	10.1007/s12010-014-0800-y	2014
Enzymology	Strategies for enhancing the production of penicillin G acylase from Bacillus badius: influence of phenyl acetic acid dosage.	Rajendran K, Rajendran K, Mahadevan S, Jeyaprakash R, Paramasamy G, Mandal AB.	Appl Biochem Biotechnol	10.1007/s12010-013-0425-6	2013
	Hypothesis: 2 Major Environmental and Pharmaceutical Factors-Acetaminophen Exposure and Gastrointestinal Overgrowth of Clostridia Bacteria Induced By Ingestion of Glyphosate-Contaminated Foods-Dysregulate the Developmental Protein Sonic Hedgehog and Are Major Causes of Autism.	Shaw W.	Integr Med (Encinitas)		2024
Metabolism	Thiamethoxam exposure deregulates short ORF gene expression in the honey bee and compromises immune response to bacteria.	Decio P, Ustaoglu P, Derecka K, Hardy ICW, Roat TC, Malaspina O, Mongan N, Stoger R, Soller M.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-80620-7	2021
	Occurrence, Diversity, and Character of Bacillaceae in the Solid Fermentation Process of Strong Aromatic Liquors.	Tong W, He P, Yang Y, Qiao Z, Huang D, Luo H, Feng X.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.811788	2021
	Changes in Metabolic Regulation and the Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Different Fatty Acids in db/db Mice.	Martinez-Carrillo BE, Mondragon-Velasquez T, Ramirez-Duran N, Aguirre-Garrido JF, Valdes-Ramos R, Guadarrama-Lopez AL, Castillo-Cardiel A.	Int J Food Sci	10.1155/2022/3336941	2022
Pathogenicity	Neutralization of the antimicrobial effect of glyphosate by humic acid in vitro.	Shehata AA, Kuhnert M, Haufe S, Kruger M.	Chemosphere	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.064	2014
Metabolism	A novel design to screen chlorogenic acid-producing microbial strains from the environment.	Wang X, Qin L, Zhou J, Li Y, Fan X.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-32968-0	2018
	Specific Bacterial Cell Wall Components Influence the Stability of Coxsackievirus B3.	Dhalech AH, Fuller TD, Robinson CM.	J Virol	10.1128/jvi.01424-21	2021
Pathogenicity	The effect of glyphosate on potential pathogens and beneficial members of poultry microbiota in vitro.	Shehata AA, Schrodl W, Aldin AA, Hafez HM, Kruger M.	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-012-0277-2	2013
Phylogeny	Identification of Bacillus species: Implication on the quality of probiotic formulations.	Celandroni F, Vecchione A, Cara A, Mazzantini D, Lupetti A, Ghelardi E.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0217021	2019
Metabolism	Discrimination of aliphatic substrates by a single amino acid substitution in Bacillus badius and Bacillus sphaericus phenylalanine dehydrogenases.	Tachibana S, Kuwamori Y, Asano Y.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.80626	2009
Enzymology	Directed evolution engineering to improve activity of glucose dehydrogenase by increasing pocket hydrophobicity.	Hua L, Qianqian B, Jianfeng Z, Yinbiao X, Shengyu Y, Weishi X, Yang S, Yupeng L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1044226	2022
Metabolism	Biodegradation of shrimp processing bio-waste and concomitant production of chitinase enzyme and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine by marine bacteria: production and process optimization.	Suresh PV.	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s11274-012-1106-2	2012
Enzymology	New insight into the bark beetle ips typographus bacteriome reveals unexplored diversity potentially beneficial to the host.	Peral-Aranega E, Saati-Santamaria Z, Ayuso-Calles M, Kostovcik M, Veselska T, Svec K, Rivas R, Kolarik M, Garcia-Fraile P.	Environ Microbiome	10.1186/s40793-023-00510-z	2023
	Enhanced removal of fifteen pesticide mixture by a single bacterial strain using response surface methodology and its application in raw milk.	Wageed M, El-Sherbiny GM, Sharaf MH, Moghannem SA, Hamzawy AH.	J Environ Health Sci Eng	10.1007/s40201-021-00683-0	2021
Pathogenicity	Application of cross-linked enzyme aggregates of Bacillus badius penicillin G acylase for the production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid.	Rajendhran J, Gunasekaran P.	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.02043.x	2007
Enzymology	Molecular cloning and characterization of thermostable beta-lactam acylase with broad substrate specificity from Bacillus badius.	Rajendhran J, Gunasekaran P.	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1263/jbb.103.457	2007
	Investigation of chromatography and polymer/salt aqueous two-phase processes for downstream processing development of recombinant phenylalanine dehydrogenase.	Omidinia E, Shahbaz Mohamadi H, Dinarvand R, Taherkhani HA.	Bioprocess Biosyst Eng	10.1007/s00449-009-0327-8	2010
Enzymology	Isolation, purification and properties of new restriction endonucleases from Bacillus badius and Bacillus lentus.	Jutur PP, Reddy AR.	Microbiol Res	10.1016/j.micres.2006.01.008	2007
	Bacteriocin activity of various iranian honey-associated bacteria and development of a simple medium for enhanced bacteriocin activity.	Khalili Samani M, Noormohammadi Z, Fazeli MR, Samadi N.	J Environ Health Sci Eng	10.1007/s40201-021-00615-y	2021
Metabolism	Escravos light crude oil degrading potentials of axenic and mixed bacterial cultures.	Odjadjare EE, Ajisebutu SO, Igbinosa EO, Aiyegoro OA, Trejo-Hernandez MR, Okoh AI.	J Gen Appl Microbiol	10.2323/jgam.54.277	2008
Stress	Bacterial Stabilization of a Panel of Picornaviruses.	Aguilera ER, Nguyen Y, Sasaki J, Pfeiffer JK.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.00183-19	2019
Enzymology	Biosynthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols via an Engineered Amine Dehydrogenase in E. coli.	Tong F, Qin Z, Wang H, Jiang Y, Li J, Ming H, Qu G, Xiao Y, Sun Z.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2021.778584	2021
	Biofilm formation as an extra gear for Apilactobacillus kunkeei to counter the threat of agrochemicals in honeybee crop.	Tlais AZA, Polo A, Filannino P, Cantatore V, Gobbetti M, Di Cagno R.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.14051	2022
Enzymology	Purification of recombinant phenylalanine dehydrogenase by partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems.	Mohamadi HS, Omidinia E.	J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci	10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.04.049	2007
	Gastrointestinal Microbial Ecology of Weaned Piglets Fed Diets with Different Levels of Glyphosate.	Rani S, Sorensen MT, Estelle J, Noel SJ, Norskov N, Krogh U, Foldager L, Hojberg O.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00615-23	2023
Enzymology	Increased conformational and thermal stability properties for phenylalanine dehydrogenase by chemical glycosidation with end-group activated dextran.	Villalonga R, Tachibana S, Perez Y, Asano Y.	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-005-3225-4	2005
Enzymology	Draft genome sequence of Kocuria indica DP-K7, a methyl red degrading actinobacterium.	Kumaran S, Ngo ACR, Schultes FPJ, Tischler D.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-020-2136-3	2020
	Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin.	Gao L, Ma J, Liu Y, Huang Y, Mohamad OAA, Jiang H, Egamberdieva D, Li W, Li L.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9071448	2021
Enzymology	Engineering of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius for the production of a novel homoglutamate.	Tariq M, Israr M, Raza M, Ahmad B, Azizullah A, Ur Rehman S, Faheem M, Sun X, Yuan Q.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0263784	2022
Metabolism	Purification and characterization of nitrite-oxidizing enzyme from heterotrophic Bacillus badius 1-73, with special concern to catalase.	Sakai K, Nisijima H, Ikenaga Y, Wakayama M, Moriguchi M.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.64.2727	2000
	Multi-omics profiling reveals comprehensive microbe-plant-metabolite regulation patterns for medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.	Zhong C, Chen C, Gao X, Tan C, Bai H, Ning K.	Plant Biotechnol J	10.1111/pbi.13868	2022
	Clostridium Bacteria and Autism Spectrum Conditions: A Systematic Review and Hypothetical Contribution of Environmental Glyphosate Levels.	Argou-Cardozo I, Zeidan-Chulia F.	Med Sci (Basel)	10.3390/medsci6020029	2018
	Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Moderately Halophilic Bacteria from Luzon Salt Beds.	Nanca CL, Neri KD, Ngo ACR, Bennett RM, Dedeles GR.	J Health Pollut	10.5696/2156-9614-8.19.180915	2018
Metabolism	Single amino acid substitution in Bacillus sphaericus phenylalanine dehydrogenase dramatically increases its discrimination between phenylalanine and tyrosine substrates.	Seah SY, Britton KL, Rice DW, Asano Y, Engel PC.	Biochemistry	10.1021/bi020196a	2002
Metabolism	Augmentation of Atrazine biodegradation by two Bacilli immobilized on alpha-Fe₂O₃ magnetic nanoparticles.	Khatoon H, Rai JPN.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-36296-1	2018
	Bacterial-derived Neutrophilic Inflammation Drives Lung Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.	Richmond BW, Du RH, Han W, Benjamin JT, van der Meer R, Gleaves L, Guo M, McKissack A, Zhang Y, Cheng DS, Polosukhin VV, Blackwell TS.	Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol	10.1165/rcmb.2017-0329oc	2018
	Genetic Modification of mfsT Gene Stimulating the Putative Penicillin Production in Monascus ruber M7 and Exhibiting the Sensitivity towards Precursor Amino Acids of Penicillin Pathway.	Ramzan R, Safiullah Virk M, Muhammad Z, Ahmed AMM, Yuan X, Chen F.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms7100390	2019
Enzymology	Microbial Diversity in Deep-Subsurface Hot Brines of Northwest Poland: from Community Structure to Isolate Characteristics.	Kalwasinska A, Krawiec A, Deja-Sikora E, Golebiewski M, Kosobucki P, Swiontek Brzezinska M, Walczak M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00252-20	2020
	Investigation of bacterial resistance to hatchery disinfectants.	Willinghan EM, Sander JE, Thayer SG, Wilson JL.	Avian Dis	10.2307/1592258	1996
Pathogenicity	Revisiting bacterial volatile-mediated plant growth promotion: lessons from the past and objectives for the future.	Sharifi R, Ryu CM.	Ann Bot	10.1093/aob/mcy108	2018
Metabolism	In Vitro Biosynthesis and Substrate Tolerance of the Plantazolicin Family of Natural Products.	Deane CD, Burkhart BJ, Saint-Vincent PMB, Tietz JI, Lin A, Mitchell DA.	ACS Chem Biol	10.1021/acschembio.6b00369	2016
	Bioluminescent flow sensor for L-phenylalanine determination in serum.	Girotti S, Ferri E, Ghini S, Budini R, Carrea G, Bovara R, Piazzi S, Merighi R, Roda A.	Talanta	10.1016/0039-9140(93)80255-p	1993
	Amine dehydrogenases: efficient biocatalysts for the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds.	Knaus T, Bohmer W, Mutti FG.	Green Chem	10.1039/c6gc01987k	2017
Enzymology	Novel Families of Archaeo-Eukaryotic Primases Associated with Mobile Genetic Elements of Bacteria and Archaea.	Kazlauskas D, Sezonov G, Charpin N, Venclovas C, Forterre P, Krupovic M.	J Mol Biol	10.1016/j.jmb.2017.11.014	2018
Pathogenicity	Mechanism of chloramphenicol resistance in Bacillus badius 211.	Nasu S, Sekine Y, Izaki K, Takahashi H.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.7164/antibiotics.31.1155	1978
	In vitro biocatalytic pathway design: orthogonal network for the quantitative and stereospecific amination of alcohols.	Knaus T, Cariati L, Masman MF, Mutti FG.	Org Biomol Chem	10.1039/c7ob01927k	2017
Enzymology	Mechanistic Insight into the Catalytic Promiscuity of Amine Dehydrogenases: Asymmetric Synthesis of Secondary and Primary Amines.	Tseliou V, Masman MF, Bohmer W, Knaus T, Mutti FG.	Chembiochem	10.1002/cbic.201800626	2019
Phylogeny	Numerical taxonomy of Bacillus isolated from orally administered drugs.	Gil MC, de la Rosa MC, Mosso MA, Garcia Arribas ML.	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1986.tb04296.x	1986
Biotechnology	Aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic sporeforming bacteria in buffalo milk.	Shehata AE, Magdoub MN, Sultan NE, El-Samragy YA.	J Dairy Sci	10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(83)81927-4	1983
	Isolation of three new antibiotics, thiocillins I, II and III, related to micrococcin P. Studies on antibiotics from the genus Bacillus. VIII.	Shoji J, Hinoo H, Wakisaka Y, Koizumi K, Mayama M.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.7164/antibiotics.29.366	1976
Enzymology	Engineering the substrate specificity of a thermophilic penicillin acylase from thermus thermophilus.	Torres LL, Cantero A, del Valle M, Marina A, Lopez-Gallego F, Guisan JM, Berenguer J, Berenguer J, Hidalgo A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03215-12	2013
Enzymology	Succession of microbial communities during hot composting as detected by PCR-single-strand-conformation polymorphism-based genetic profiles of small-subunit rRNA genes.	Peters S, Koschinsky S, Schwieger F, Tebbe CC.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.3.930-936.2000	2000
Genetics	Analysis of the essential cell division gene ftsL of Bacillus subtilis by mutagenesis and heterologous complementation.	Sievers J, Errington J.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.182.19.5572-5579.2000	2000
Enzymology	Functional expression of a penicillin acylase from the extreme thermophile Thermus thermophilus HB27 in Escherichia coli.	Torres LL, Ferreras ER, Cantero A, Hidalgo A, Berenguer J.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/1475-2859-11-105	2012
	Staphylococcus aureus has clustered tRNA genes.	Green CJ, Vold BS.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.175.16.5091-5096.1993	1993
	Abh and AbrB control of Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial gene expression.	Strauch MA, Bobay BG, Cavanagh J, Yao F, Wilson A, Le Breton Y.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01081-07	2007
Phylogeny	Phylogeny in aid of the present and novel microbial lineages: diversity in Bacillus.	Porwal S, Lal S, Cheema S, Kalia VC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0004438	2009
	Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA structures.	Neefs JM, Van de Peer Y, De Rijk P, Chapelle S, De Wachter R.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/21.13.3025	1993
Phylogeny	Taxonomic insights into the phylogeny of Bacillus badius and proposal for its reclassification to the genus Pseudobacillus as Pseudobacillus badius comb. nov. and reclassification of Bacillus wudalianchiensis Liu et al., 2017 as Pseudobacillus wudalianchiensis comb. nov.	Verma A, Pal Y, Ojha AK, Kumari M, Khatri I, Rameshkumar N, Schumann P, Dastager SG, Mayilraj S, Subramanian S, Krishnamurthi S	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2019.03.003	2019
Phylogeny	Examination into the taxonomic position of Bacillus thermotolerans Yang et al., 2013, proposal for its reclassification into a new genus and species Quasibacillus thermotolerans gen. nov., comb. nov. and reclassification of B. encimensis Dastager et al., 2015 as a later heterotypic synonym of B. badius.	Verma A, Pal Y, Khatri I, Ojha AK, Gruber-Vodicka H, Schumann P, Dastager S, Subramanian S, Mayilraj S, Krishnamurthi S	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2017.07.010	2017
Enzymology	Nucleotide sequencing of phenylalanine dehydrogenase gene from Bacillus badius IAM 11059.	Yamada A, Dairi T, Ohno Y, Huang XL, Asano Y	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.59.1994	1995
Enzymology	Phenylalanine dehydrogenase of Bacillus badius. Purification, characterization and gene cloning.	Asano Y, Nakazawa A, Endo K, Hibino Y, Ohmori M, Numao N, Kondo K	Eur J Biochem	10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13399.x	1987
Phylogeny	[Description of the type strain of Bacillus badius].	Pichinoty F	Ann Microbiol (Paris)		1984
Phylogeny	Bacillus lumedeiriae sp. nov., a Gram-Positive, Spore-Forming Rod Isolated from a Pharmaceutical Facility Production Environment and Added to the MALDI Biotyper^® Database.	Costa LVD, Ramos JN, Albuquerque LS, Miranda RVDSL, Valadao TB, Veras JFC, Vieira EMD, Forsythe S, Brandao MLL, Vieira VV.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12122507	2024
Phylogeny	Bacillus encimensis sp. nov. isolated from marine sediment.	Dastager SG, Mawlankar R, Mual P, Verma A, Krishnamurthi S, Joseph N, Shouche YS.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.000114	2015
Genetics	Bacillus niameyensis sp. nov., a new bacterial species isolated from human gut.	Tidjani Alou M, Rathored J, Traore SI, Khelaifia S, Michelle C, Brah S, Diallo BA, Raoult D, Lagier JC.	New Microbes New Infect	10.1016/j.nmni.2015.09.011	2015
Phylogeny	Polyphasic identification of Bacillus and Brevibacillus strains from clinical, dairy and industrial specimens and proposal of Brevibacillus invocatus sp. nov..	Logan NA, Forsyth G, Lebbe L, Goris J, Heyndrickx M, Balcaen A, Verhelst A, Falsen E, Ljungh A, Hansson HB, De Vos P.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/00207713-52-3-953	2002
Phylogeny	Bacillus wudalianchiensis sp. nov., isolated from grass soils of the Wudalianchi scenic area.	Liu B, Liu GH, Sengonca C, Schumann P, Wang JP, Zhu YJ, Zhang HF	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002042	2017
Phylogeny	Bacillus thermotolerans sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium capable of reducing humus.	Yang G, Zhou X, Zhou S, Yang D, Wang Y, Wang D	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.048942-0	2013
Phylogeny	Domibacillus robiginosus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room.	Seiler H, Wenning M, Scherer S	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.044396-0	2012
Phylogeny	Bacillus acidiproducens sp. nov., vineyard soil isolates that produce lactic acid.	Jung MY, Kim JS, Chang YH	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.003913-0	2009

References

#2024	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 23
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#41065	; Curators of the CIP;
#44982	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 7412
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#116701	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 58.52
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Pseudobacillus badius (DSM 23, ATCC 14574, CCM 2113)

Name and taxonomic classification

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