Clostridium innocuum (DSM 26113, I46)

Name: Clostridium innocuum (DSM 26113, I46)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 130922

Type strain

Strain Designation I46

Culture col. no. DSM 26113 I46

NCBI tax ID(s) 1522

Special Collections DSMZ Mouse DZIF

History DSMZ <- B. Stecher, Max von Pettenkofer-Inst., Munich; I46

Links

Clostridium innocuum I46 is an anaerobe bacterium that was isolated from C57BL/6J wildtype mouse.

anaerobe 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 406486

DSM 26113

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:37:29

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Clostridia

Order Eubacteriales

Family Clostridiaceae

Genus Clostridium

Species Clostridium innocuum

Full scientific name Clostridium innocuum Smith and King 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Clostridium innocuum** (10)	Type strain
2603	C. innocuum B-3, DSM 1286, ATCC 14501, NCIB 10674, JCM ... (type strain)
130921	C. innocuum A-C3-1, DSM 29132
2604	C. innocuum SB23, DSM 22910
149069	C. innocuum CCUG 36812
151996	C. innocuum CCUG 45485
152489	C. innocuum CCUG 46922
155352	C. innocuum CCUG 57429
158912	C. innocuum BSM-380-WT-2D, DSM 100998
158913	C. innocuum H4_16, DSM 108163
160008	C. innocuum Cla-CZ-133, DSM 107457

Morphology

Colony morphology

22214

Incubation period1-2 days

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
22214	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
22214	CHOPPED MEAT MEDIUM WITH CARBOHYDRATES (DSMZ Medium 110)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: CHOPPED MEAT MEDIUM WITH CARBOHYDRATES (DSMZ Medium 110) Composition: Ground beef 500.0 g/l Casitone 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l K2HPO4 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l D-Glucose 4.0 g/l Starch 1.0 g/l Maltose 1.0 g/l Cellobiose 1.0 g/l L-Cysteine HCl 0.5 g/l Ethanol 0.19 g/l Vitamin K3 0.05 g/l Hemin 0.005 g/l Sodium resazurin 0.0005 g/l Vitamin K1 NaOH Distilled water
22214	PYG MEDIUM (MODIFIED) (DSMZ Medium 104)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: PYG MEDIUM (modified) (DSMZ Medium 104) Composition: Yeast extract 10.0 g/l Peptone 5.0 g/l Trypticase peptone 5.0 g/l Beef extract 5.0 g/l Glucose 5.0 g/l L-Cysteine HCl x H2O 0.5 g/l NaHCO3 0.4 g/l NaCl 0.08 g/l K2HPO4 0.04 g/l KH2PO4 0.04 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.02 g/l CaCl2 x 2 H2O 0.01 g/l Hemin 0.005 g/l Ethanol 0.0038 g/l Resazurin 0.001 g/l Tween 80 Vitamin K1 NaOH Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
22214	positive	growth	37

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

22214

Oxygen toleranceanaerobe

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68380	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68367	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	fermentation	from API rID32A
68367	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	hydrolysis	from API 20A
68367	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20A
68367	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	29985 ChEBI	L-glutamate	-	degradation	from API rID32A
68367	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API rID32A
68380	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	fermentation	from API rID32A
68367	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API rID32A
68367	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20A
68380	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68367	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20A

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API rID32A
68367	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API 20A

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API rID32A
68367	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API 20A

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68380	alanine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.2	from API rID32A
68380	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-arabinosidase	-	3.2.1.55	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API rID32A
68380	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API rID32A
68380	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API rID32A
68380	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API rID32A
68367	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API 20A
68380	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32A
68367	gelatinase	-		from API 20A
68380	glutamate decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.15	from API rID32A
68380	glutamyl-glutamate arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	glycin arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	histidine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	L-arginine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
68380	leucyl glycin arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
68380	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API rID32A
68380	phenylalanine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	proline-arylamidase	-	3.4.11.5	from API rID32A
68380	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API rID32A
68380	serine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API rID32A
68380	tyrosine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68380	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32A
68367	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20A

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	cellulose degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	100	7 of 7
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	100	11 of 11
66794	adipate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	ribulose monophosphate pathway	100	2 of 2
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	teichoic acid biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	93.75	15 of 16
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	93.33	14 of 15
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	valine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	flavin biosynthesis	86.67	13 of 15
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	86.36	19 of 22
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	85.71	6 of 7
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	80	8 of 10
66794	starch degradation	80	8 of 10
66794	glycogen metabolism	80	4 of 5
66794	photosynthesis	78.57	11 of 14
66794	heme metabolism	78.57	11 of 14
66794	d-mannose degradation	77.78	7 of 9
66794	NAD metabolism	77.78	14 of 18
66794	serine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	purine metabolism	77.66	73 of 94
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	75.56	34 of 45
66794	lactate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	isoleucine metabolism	75	6 of 8
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	75	6 of 8
66794	butanoate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	75	21 of 28
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	alanine metabolism	72.41	21 of 29
66794	propanol degradation	71.43	5 of 7
66794	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	methane metabolism	66.67	2 of 3
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	66.67	4 of 6
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	66.67	6 of 9
66794	d-xylose degradation	63.64	7 of 11
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	gluconeogenesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
66794	histidine metabolism	62.07	18 of 29
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	61.54	56 of 91
66794	methionine metabolism	61.54	16 of 26
66794	non-pathway related	60.53	23 of 38
66794	phenylacetate degradation (aerobic)	60	3 of 5
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	60	3 of 5
66794	hydrogen production	60	3 of 5
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	60	3 of 5
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	60	3 of 5
66794	citric acid cycle	57.14	8 of 14
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	57.14	8 of 14
66794	tryptophan metabolism	55.26	21 of 38
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	54.55	6 of 11
66794	proline metabolism	54.55	6 of 11
66794	leucine metabolism	53.85	7 of 13
66794	sphingosine metabolism	50	3 of 6
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	50	5 of 10
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	50	13 of 26
66794	degradation of pentoses	50	14 of 28
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	toluene degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	glycine metabolism	50	5 of 10
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	cysteine metabolism	50	9 of 18
66794	urea cycle	46.15	6 of 13
66794	sulfate reduction	46.15	6 of 13
66794	arginine metabolism	45.83	11 of 24
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	44.44	4 of 9
66794	nitrate assimilation	44.44	4 of 9
66794	degradation of hexoses	44.44	8 of 18
66794	tyrosine metabolism	42.86	6 of 14
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	42.86	3 of 7
66794	lipid metabolism	41.94	13 of 31
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	41.67	5 of 12
66794	lysine metabolism	40.48	17 of 42
66794	gallate degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation	40	4 of 10
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	38.46	5 of 13
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	38.46	5 of 13
66794	ascorbate metabolism	36.36	8 of 22
66794	degradation of sugar acids	36	9 of 25
66794	glutathione metabolism	35.71	5 of 14
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	phenol degradation	30	6 of 20
66794	propionate fermentation	30	3 of 10
66794	benzoyl-CoA degradation	28.57	2 of 7
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	27.27	3 of 11
66794	3-phenylpropionate degradation	26.67	4 of 15
66794	biotin biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	carnitine metabolism	25	2 of 8
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	23.53	8 of 34
66794	allantoin degradation	22.22	2 of 9
66794	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	22.22	2 of 9

API 20A

@ref	IND	URE	GLU	MAN	LAC	SAC	MAL	SAL	XYL	ARA	GEL	ESC	GLY	CEL	MNE	MLZ	RAF	SOR	RHA	TRE	CAT	Spores presentSPOR	GramGRAM	Morphology coccus="+" rod="-"COCC
22214	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API rID32A

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
22214	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
22214	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Mammals	#Muridae (Mouse/Rat)

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
22214	C57BL/6J wildtype mouse	Zurich	Switzerland	CHE	Europe

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence KR364751 (>99% sequence identity) for Erysipelatoclostridium from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	60
Soil Samples	17
Animal Samples	15857
Plant Samples	29
Total Samples	15963

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
22214	2	Risk group (German classification)

Sequence information

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
22214	[Clostridium] innocuum strain I46 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	KR364751	1526		1522

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Oral supplementation of nicotinamide riboside alters intestinal microbial composition in rats and mice, but not humans.	Peluso AA, Lundgaard AT, Babaei P, Mousovich-Neto F, Rocha AL, Damgaard MV, Bak EG, Gnanasekaran T, Dollerup OL, Trammell SAJ, Nielsen TS, Kern T, Abild CB, Sulek K, Ma T, Gerhart-Hines Z, Gillum MP, Arumugam M, Orskov C, McCloskey D, Jessen N, Herrgard MJ, Mori MAS, Treebak JT.	NPJ Aging	10.1038/s41514-023-00106-4	2023
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo selection and cost of bacteriophage resistance on natural Escherichia coli.	Cardoso LL, Gaissmaier MS, von Strempel A, Keys T, Matchado MS, Salvado Silva M, Ring D, Slack E, Stecher B.	Microlife	10.1093/femsml/uqaf017	2025
	Reproducible Colonization of Germ-Free Mice With the Oligo-Mouse-Microbiota in Different Animal Facilities.	Eberl C, Ring D, Munch PC, Beutler M, Basic M, Slack EC, Schwarzer M, Srutkova D, Lange A, Frick JS, Bleich A, Stecher B.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.02999	2019
	The human intestinal bacterium Eggerthella lenta influences gut metabolomes in gnotobiotic mice	Viehof A, Haange S, Streidl T, Schubert K, Engelmann B, Haller D, Rolle-Kampczyk U, von Bergen M, Clavel T.	Microbiome Res Rep		2024
	Bacteriophages targeting protective commensals impair resistance against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in gnotobiotic mice.	von Strempel A, Weiss AS, Wittmann J, Salvado Silva M, Ring D, Wortmann E, Clavel T, Debarbieux L, Kleigrewe K, Stecher B.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1011600	2023
	Nutritional and host environments determine community ecology and keystone species in a synthetic gut bacterial community.	Weiss AS, Niedermeier LS, von Strempel A, Burrichter AG, Ring D, Meng C, Kleigrewe K, Lincetto C, Hubner J, Stecher B.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-40372-0	2023
Metabolism	The gut bacterium Extibacter muris produces secondary bile acids and influences liver physiology in gnotobiotic mice.	Streidl T, Karkossa I, Segura Munoz RR, Eberl C, Zaufel A, Plagge J, Schmaltz R, Schubert K, Basic M, Schneider KM, Afify M, Trautwein C, Tolba R, Stecher B, Doden HL, Ridlon JM, Ecker J, Moustafa T, von Bergen M, Ramer-Tait AE, Clavel T.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2020.1854008	2021
Metabolism	In vitro and in vivo characterization of Clostridium scindens bile acid transformations.	Marion S, Studer N, Desharnais L, Menin L, Escrig S, Meibom A, Hapfelmeier S, Bernier-Latmani R.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2018.1549420	2019

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#22214	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 26113
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#68367	Automatically annotated from API 20A .
#68380	Automatically annotated from API rID32A .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Content

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Clostridium innocuum (DSM 26113, I46)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

Pathway annotation

API 20A

API rID32A

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

Help

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