Nonomuraea roseola (DSM 43767, ATCC 33579, DSM 44323)

Name: Nonomuraea roseola (DSM 43767, ATCC 33579, DSM 44323)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 16541

Type strain

Strain Designation VNII Genetica S-445

Culture col. no. DSM 43767 ATCC 33579 DSM 44323 IFO 14685 IMET 9576 11 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 46179

Special Collections DSMZ JCM KCTC CIP Wink compendium

History <- N.S. Agre, INA KCC A-0323 <-- N. S. Agre <-- INA 1671. CIP <- 2002, JCM <- KCC <- N.S. Agre <- INA

Links

Nonomuraea roseola VNII Genetica S-445 is a mesophilic, Gram-positive, filament-shaped prokaryote that builds an aerial mycelium and was isolated from soil.

Gram-positive filament-shaped mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 21303

DSM 43767,ATCC 33579,DSM 44323,IFO 14685,IMET 9576,JCM 3323,VKM Ac-1180,KCTC 9282,CIP 107360,NBRC 14685,BCRC 16337,CCRC 16337,CGMCC 4.2104

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:21:59

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Streptosporangiales

Family Streptosporangiaceae

Genus Nonomuraea

Species Nonomuraea roseola

Full scientific name Nonomuraea roseola corrig. (Lavrova and Preobrazhenskaya 1975) Zhang et al. 1998

Synonyms (3)

Nonomuria roseola
Microtetraspora roseola
Actinomadura roseola

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Nonomuraea roseola** (3)	Type strain
16542	N. roseola 483-254, DSM 43551, IMET 9564
16543	N. roseola 485-7, DSM 43552, IMET 9565
128587	N. roseola STH00343(ZIMET), 71003, 21094, ST 25480, ...

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Motility
122258	positive	filament-shaped

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony color	Incubation period	Medium used
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 2
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 3
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 4
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 5
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 6
19952	Salmon orange (2012)	10-14 days	ISP 7

Multicellular morphology

@ref	Complex name	Complex color	Medium name
19952	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 2
19952	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 3
19952	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 4
19952	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 5
19952			ISP 6
19952	Aerial Mycelium	White	ISP 7

Multimedia

@ref:	11055
multimedia content:	DSM_43767-1.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_43767-1.jpg
intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
manual_annotation:	1

@ref:	11055
multimedia content:	DSM_43767.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_43767.jpg
caption:	Medium 65 28°C
intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
manual_annotation:	1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
19952	ISP 2		Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19952	ISP 3		Name: ISP 3; 5315 Composition Dog oat flakes 20.0 g/l Trace element solution (5314) 2.5 ml/l Agar 18.0 g/l Preparation: Oat flakes are cooked for 20 minutes, trace element solution and agar are added (in the case of non rolled oat flakes the suspension has to bee filtrated). Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.8 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy (e.g. SEM As liquid medium for metabolite production) Organisms: All Actinomycetes Trace element solution 5314 Name: Trace element solution 5314; 5314 Composition CaCl2 x H2O 3.0 g/l Fe-III-citrate 1.0 g/l MnSO4 0.2 g/l ZnCl2 0.1 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.025 g/l Sodium tetra borate 0.2 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.004 g/l Sodium molybdate 0.01 g/l Preparation: Use double destillated water. Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Trace element solution for different media Organisms:
19952	ISP 4		Name: ISP 4; DSM 547 Solution I: Difco soluble starch, 10.0 g. Make a paste of the starch with a small amount of cold distilled water and bring to a volume of 500 ml. Solution II: CaCO3 2.0 g K2HPO4 (anhydrous) 1.0 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g NaCl 1.0 g (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g Distilled water 500.0 ml Trace salt solution (see below) 1.0 ml The pH should be between 7.0 and 7.4. Do not adjust if it is within this range. Mix solutions I and II together. Add 20.0 g agar. Liquify agar by steaming at 100°C for 10 to 20 min. Trace element solution: FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.1 g ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g Distilled water 100.0 ml
19952	ISP 5		Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19952	ISP 6		Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19952	ISP 7		Name: ISP 7 (5322) Composition Glycerol 15.0 g/l L-Tyrosine 0.5 g/l L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l K2HPO4 0.5 g/l NaCl 0.5 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.01 g/l Trace element solution 5343 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.3 Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
36127	MEDIUM 57 - for Streptomyces, Nocardioides, Lentzea albidocapillata and Streptoverticillium reticulum		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Agar (15.000 g);Glucose (4.000g);Yeast extract (4.000 g);Malt extract (10.000 g);Calcium carbonate (2.000 g)
11055	ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84) Composition: Agar 20.0 g/l Rolled oats 20.0 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.001 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l Distilled water
11055	GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65) Composition: Agar 18.0 g/l Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l Distilled water
122258	CIP Medium 57	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
11055	positive	growth	28	mesophilic
19952	positive	optimum	30	mesophilic
36127	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	28	mesophilic
122258	positive	growth	22-37
122258	negative	growth	5
122258	negative	growth	15
122258	negative	growth	41

Physiology and metabolism

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
19952	NaCl	positive	maximum	2.5 %
122258	NaCl	positive	growth	0-2 %
122258	NaCl		growth	4 %
122258	NaCl		growth	6 %
122258	NaCl		growth	8 %
122258	NaCl		growth	10 %

Observation

67770

Observationquinones: MK-9(H₄), MK-9(H₆), MK-9(H₄), MK-9(H₂), MK-9(H₆)

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
19952	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	-
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19952	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-
122258	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	carbon source
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	assimilation	from API 20E
122258	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	hydrolysis
19952	28757 ChEBI	fructose	-
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19952	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
122258	17234 ChEBI	glucose	-	degradation
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	+	degradation	from API 20E
19952	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
19952	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+
122258	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
122258	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	respiration
122258	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	+	degradation	from API 20E
19952	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-
19952	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	+
19952	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
19952	18222 ChEBI	xylose	-

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
122258	35581 ChEBI	indole
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test	Indole test
122258	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+			from API 20E
122258	17234 ChEBI	glucose		-
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole			-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
122258	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
122258	amylase	-
68368	arginine dihydrolase	+	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68382	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
122258	caseinase	-	3.4.21.50
122258	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
122258	DNase	-
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
122258	gamma-glutamyltransferase	+	2.3.2.2
122258	gelatinase	-
68368	gelatinase	+		from API 20E
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
122258	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68368	lysine decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API zym
122258	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
122258	oxidase	-
122258	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
68382	trypsin	+	3.4.21.4	from API zym
122258	tryptophan deaminase	-
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
122258	tween esterase	-
122258	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68368	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	+		from API zym

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
19952	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
19952	not determinedn.d.	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+
122258	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
122258	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Soil

Isolation

11055

Sample typesoil

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AJ278221 (>99% sequence identity) for Nonomuraea from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	3
Soil Samples	53
Animal Samples	9
Plant Samples	22
Total Samples	87

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
19952	1	German classification According to TRBA 466
11055	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
122258	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
124043	ASM3953539v1 assembly for Nonomuraea roseola JCM 3323	scaffold	GCA_039535395	46179	55.82
124043	ASM4242854v1 assembly for Nonomuraea roseola JCM 3323	scaffold	GCA_042428545	46179	47.4

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Microtetraspora roseola strain ATCC33579 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF051392	195	46179
20218	Nonomuraea roseola 16S rRNA gene, strain DSM 43767T	AJ278221	1447	46179
20218	Microtetraspora roseola 16S rRNA gene	U48980	1414	46179
124043	Nonomuraea roseola strain JCM 3323 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MT760448	1300	46179

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Whole genome-based reclassification of several species of the genus Nonomuraea.	Bouras N, Nouioui I, Dif G, Chaouch FC, Ebada SS.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0327003	2025
Phylogeny	Nonomuraea mangrovi sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from mangrove soil.	Huang H, Liu M, Zhong W, Mo K, Zhu J, Zou X, Hu Y, Bao S	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002954	2018
Phylogeny	Nonomuraea stahlianthi sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the stem of Stahlianthus campanulatus.	Niemhom N, Chutrakul C, Suriyachadkun C, Thawai C	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002045	2017
Phylogeny	Nonomuraea dietzii sp. nov..	Stackebrandt E, Wink J, Steiner U, Kroppenstedt RM	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/00207713-51-4-1437	2001

References

#11055	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 43767
#19952	Wink, J.: Compendium of Actinobacteria. HZI-Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig .
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#36127	; Curators of the CIP;
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#122258	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 107360
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Nonomuraea roseola (DSM 43767, ATCC 33579, DSM 44323)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Multicellular morphology

Multimedia

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Halophily

Observation

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API 20E

API zym

API biotype100

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_039535395

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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