Spiroplasma litorale (DSM 21781, ATCC 43211, TN-1)

Name: Spiroplasma litorale (DSM 21781, ATCC 43211, TN-1)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 14371

Type strain

Strain Designation TN-1

Culture col. no. DSM 21781 ATCC 43211 TN-1

NCBI tax ID(s) 216942

Special Collections DSMZ

History DSMZ <- J. K. Davis {2008} <- J. G. Tully <- T. B. Clark, USDA, Beltsville

Links

Spiroplasma litorale TN-1 is a microaerophile bacterium that was isolated from gut of horsefly, Tabanus nigrovittatus.

microaerophile genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 45117

DSM 21781,ATCC 43211

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:28:16

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Mycoplasmatota

Class Mollicutes

Order Mycoplasmatales

Family Spiroplasmataceae

Genus Spiroplasma

Species Spiroplasma litorale

Full scientific name Spiroplasma litorale Konai et al. 1997

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Motility	Confidence	Gram stain
125438		95.705
125439		96.158	negative

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
15946	SP4-Z MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1076b)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: SP4-Z MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1076b) Composition: Agar 10.0 g/l Tryptone 10.0 g/l Bacto peptone 5.0 g/l PPLO broth 3.5 g/l Urea 2.0 g/l Glucose 1.0 g/l None 1.0 g/l Yeast extract 0.4 g/l DNA 0.2 g/l CMRL 1066 Fetal bovine serum Swine serum Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
15946	positive	growth	30

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
15946	microaerophile
125439	facultative anaerobe	98.235

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		98.776
125438		94.903

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	77.27	17 of 22
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	photosynthesis	71.43	10 of 14
66794	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	68.75	11 of 16
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	purine metabolism	60.64	57 of 94
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	60	27 of 45
66794	NAD metabolism	55.56	10 of 18
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	54.55	6 of 11
66794	butanoate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	50	4 of 8
66794	acetate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	49.45	45 of 91
66794	d-xylose degradation	45.45	5 of 11
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	45.45	5 of 11
66794	d-mannose degradation	44.44	4 of 9
66794	serine metabolism	44.44	4 of 9
66794	propanol degradation	42.86	3 of 7
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	cellulose degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	40	2 of 5
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	38.46	5 of 13
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	37.5	3 of 8
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	34.62	9 of 26
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	octane oxidation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	lipid metabolism	32.26	10 of 31
66794	degradation of pentoses	32.14	9 of 28
66794	non-pathway related	31.58	12 of 38
66794	methionine metabolism	30.77	8 of 26
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	30	3 of 10
66794	threonine metabolism	30	3 of 10
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	28.57	2 of 7
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	28.57	8 of 28
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	28.57	4 of 14
66794	flavin biosynthesis	26.67	4 of 15
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	25	4 of 16
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	25	3 of 12
66794	tryptophan metabolism	23.68	9 of 38
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	23.08	3 of 13
66794	valine metabolism	22.22	2 of 9
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	22.22	2 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	22.22	2 of 9
66794	nitrate assimilation	22.22	2 of 9
66794	glutathione metabolism	21.43	3 of 14

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Arthropoda	#Insecta
#Host Body-Site	#Gastrointestinal tract	#Stomach

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
15946	gut of horsefly, Tabanus nigrovittatus	Tabanus nigrovittatus	North Carolina, Ocracoke	USA	USA	North America

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AY189306 (>99% sequence identity) for Spiroplasma litorale from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	3
Soil Samples	1
Animal Samples	111
Plant Samples	0
Total Samples	115

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
15946	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM126715v1 assembly for Spiroplasma litorale TN-1	complete	GCA_001267155	216942.3	2636415681	216942	98.21

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
15946	Spiroplasma litorale 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY189306	1516		216942

GC content

15946

GC-content (mol%)25

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM126715v1 assembly for Spiroplasma litorale TN-1
BV-BRC: 216942.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	98.24	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	41.22	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	96.16	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	98.78	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Spiroplasma litorale TN-1
NCBI: GCA_001267155.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	76.58	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	78.74	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	97.34	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	94.90	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.79	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	95.71	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Complete Genome Sequence of Spiroplasma litorale TN-1T (DSM 21781), a Bacterium Isolated from a Green-Eyed Horsefly (Tabanus nigrovittatus).	Lo WS, Lai YC, Lien YW, Wang TH, Kuo CH	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomeA.01116-15	2015

References

#15946	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 21781
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Spiroplasma litorale (DSM 21781, ATCC 43211, TN-1)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Pathway annotation

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_001267155

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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