Spiroplasma taiwanense (DSM 22604, ATCC 43302, CT-1)

Name: Spiroplasma taiwanense (DSM 22604, ATCC 43302, CT-1)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 14360

Type strain

Strain Designation CT-1

Culture col. no. DSM 22604 ATCC 43302 CT-1

NCBI tax ID(s) 1276220 2145

Special Collections DSMZ

History <- J. K. Davis, Dept. Agronomy, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, USA <- J. G. Tully <- D. L. Williamson <- L. Rosen; CT-1

Links

Spiroplasma taiwanense CT-1 is a microaerophile bacterium that was isolated from female mosquitoes Culex tritaeniorhynchus.

microaerophile genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 41764

DSM 22604,ATCC 43302

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:21:24

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Mycoplasmatota

Class Mollicutes

Order Mycoplasmatales

Family Spiroplasmataceae

Genus Spiroplasma

Species Spiroplasma taiwanense

Full scientific name Spiroplasma taiwanense Abalain-Colloc et al. 1988

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Motility	Confidence	Gram stain
125438		94.955
125439		97.2	negative

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
16362	SP4-Z MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1076b)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: SP4-Z MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1076b) Composition: Agar 10.0 g/l Tryptone 10.0 g/l Bacto peptone 5.0 g/l PPLO broth 3.5 g/l Urea 2.0 g/l Glucose 1.0 g/l None 1.0 g/l Yeast extract 0.4 g/l DNA 0.2 g/l CMRL 1066 Fetal bovine serum Swine serum Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
16362	positive	growth	30

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
16362	microaerophile
125439	facultative anaerobe	99.8

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125438		95.849

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	77.27	17 of 22
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	photosynthesis	64.29	9 of 14
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
66794	NAD metabolism	55.56	10 of 18
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	55.56	5 of 9
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	purine metabolism	47.87	45 of 94
66794	d-mannose degradation	44.44	4 of 9
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	42.86	39 of 91
66794	propanol degradation	42.86	3 of 7
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	42.22	19 of 45
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	40	2 of 5
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	cellulose degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	38.46	5 of 13
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	37.5	3 of 8
66794	d-xylose degradation	36.36	4 of 11
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	36.36	4 of 11
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	34.62	9 of 26
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	octane oxidation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	serine metabolism	33.33	3 of 9
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	methionine metabolism	30.77	8 of 26
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	30	3 of 10
66794	non-pathway related	28.95	11 of 38
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	28.57	4 of 14
66794	glutathione metabolism	28.57	4 of 14
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	28.57	2 of 7
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	27.27	3 of 11
66794	flavin biosynthesis	26.67	4 of 15
66794	lipid metabolism	25.81	8 of 31
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	25	4 of 16
66794	degradation of pentoses	25	7 of 28
66794	butanoate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	25	7 of 28
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	23.08	3 of 13
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	22.22	2 of 9
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	22.22	2 of 9
66794	valine metabolism	22.22	2 of 9
66794	nitrate assimilation	22.22	2 of 9

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Arthropoda	#Insecta

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
16362	female mosquitoes Culex tritaeniorhynchus	Culex tritaeniorhynchus	Taishan (near Taipei)	Taiwan, Province of China	TWN	Asia

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence HM037992 (>99% sequence identity) for Spiroplasma taiwanense subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1
Soil Samples
Animal Samples	521
Plant Samples	1
Total Samples	523

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
16362	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM43943v1 assembly for Spiroplasma taiwanense CT-1	complete	GCA_000439435	1276220.3	2561511192	1276220	98.11

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Spiroplasma taiwanense ATCC:43302 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HM037992	1459		1276220
16362	Spiroplasma taiwanense small subunit 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	M24476	1467		1276220

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Spiroplasma taiwanense CT-1
PATRIC: 1276220.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	99.80	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	97.20	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	65.10	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	86.70	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Spiroplasma taiwanense CT-1 CT-1
NCBI: GCA_000439435.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	72.99	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	83.37	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	94.55	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	95.85	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.91	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	94.96	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Comparison of metabolic capacities and inference of gene content evolution in mosquito-associated Spiroplasma diminutum and S. taiwanense.	Lo WS, Ku C, Chen LL, Chang TH, Kuo CH.	Genome Biol Evol	10.1093/gbe/evt108	2013
Enzymology	Characterization of a cryptic extrachromosomal element isolated from the mollicute Spiroplasma taiwanense.	Gasparich GE, Hackett KJ	Plasmid	10.1006/plas.1994.1075	1994

References

#16362	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 22604
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Spiroplasma taiwanense (DSM 22604, ATCC 43302, CT-1)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Pathway annotation

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000439435

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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