Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 139525

Type strain: No

Species: Clostridium perfringens

Strain Designation: 281/50

Strain history: CIP <- 2011, CCM <- NCTC <- C. Hobbs, strain 281/50

NCBI tax ID(s): 1502 (species)

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General

@ref: 41816

BacDive-ID: 139525

keywords: 16S sequence, Bacteria, anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped

description: Clostridium perfringens 281/50 is an anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive bacterium of the family Clostridiaceae.

NCBI tax id

  • NCBI tax id: 1502
  • Matching level: species

strain history

@refhistory
67770M. Seki <-- Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd..
41816CIP <- 2011, CCM <- NCTC <- C. Hobbs, strain 281/50

doi: 10.13145/bacdive139525.20230509.8.1

Name and taxonomic classification

LPSN

  • @ref: 20215
  • description: domain/bacteria
  • keyword: phylum/bacillota
  • domain: Bacteria
  • phylum: Bacillota
  • class: Clostridia
  • order: Eubacteriales
  • family: Clostridiaceae
  • genus: Clostridium
  • species: Clostridium perfringens
  • full scientific name: Clostridium perfringens (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Hauduroy et al. 1937 (Approved Lists 1980)

  • synonyms

    • @ref: 20215
    • synonym: Bacillus perfringens

@ref: 41816

domain: Bacteria

phylum: Firmicutes

class: Clostridia

order: Eubacteriales

family: Clostridiaceae

genus: Clostridium

species: Clostridium perfringens

strain designation: 281/50

type strain: no

Morphology

cell morphology

  • @ref: 41816
  • gram stain: positive
  • cell shape: rod-shaped
  • motility: no

Culture and growth conditions

culture medium

@refnamegrowthcompositionlink
41816MEDIUM 20 - for Anaerobic bacteriayesAgar (15.000 g);Glucose (5.000 g);Yeast extract (20.000 g);Tryptone (30.000 g);Cysteine hydrochloride (0.500 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml);Hemin solution -M00149 (25.000 ml)
41816CIP Medium 20yeshttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_milieu.xhtml?crbip=20

culture temp

@refgrowthtypetemperaturerange
41816positivegrowth37mesophilic
67770positivegrowth37mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

oxygen tolerance

  • @ref: 41816
  • oxygen tolerance: anaerobe

metabolite utilization

@refChebi-IDmetaboliteutilization activitykind of utilization tested
4181617632nitrate-reduction
4181616301nitrite-reduction

metabolite production

  • @ref: 41816
  • Chebi-ID: 35581
  • metabolite: indole
  • production: no

enzymes

@refvalueactivityec
41816oxidase-
41816catalase-1.11.1.6
41816urease-3.5.1.5
68382alkaline phosphatase+3.1.3.1
68382esterase (C 4)+
68382esterase lipase (C 8)+
68382lipase (C 14)-
68382leucine arylamidase-3.4.11.1
68382valine arylamidase-
68382cystine arylamidase-3.4.11.3
68382trypsin+3.4.21.4
68382alpha-chymotrypsin-3.4.21.1
68382acid phosphatase+3.1.3.2
68382naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase+
68382alpha-galactosidase+3.2.1.22
68382beta-galactosidase+3.2.1.23
68382beta-glucuronidase-3.2.1.31
68382alpha-glucosidase+3.2.1.20
68382beta-glucosidase-3.2.1.21
68382N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase+3.2.1.52
68382alpha-mannosidase-3.2.1.24
68382alpha-fucosidase-3.2.1.51

API zym

@refControlAlkaline phosphataseEsteraseEsterase LipaseLipaseLeucine arylamidaseValine arylamidaseCystine arylamidaseTrypsinalpha- ChymotrypsinAcid phosphataseNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolasealpha- Galactosidasebeta- Galactosidasebeta- Glucuronidasealpha- Glucosidasebeta- GlucosidaseN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidasealpha- Mannosidasealpha- Fucosidase
41816-+++----+-++++-+-+--

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

isolation

@refcountryorigin.countrycontinentsample type
41816United KingdomGBREurope
67770Boiled salt beef
41816United KingdomGBREuropeFood, Boiled salt beef

taxonmaps

  • @ref: 69479
  • File name: preview.99_335.png
  • url: https://microbeatlas.org/index.html?action=taxon&taxon_id=90_34;96_235;97_257;98_286;99_335&stattab=map
  • Last taxonomy: Clostridium perfringens subclade
  • 16S sequence: AB632373
  • Sequence Identity:
  • Total samples: 88326
  • soil counts: 3063
  • aquatic counts: 8762
  • animal counts: 75654
  • plant counts: 847

Safety information

risk assessment

  • @ref: 41816
  • biosafety level: 2
  • biosafety level comment: Risk group (French classification)

Sequence information

16S sequences

  • @ref: 67770
  • description: Clostridium perfringens gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 5242
  • accession: AB632373
  • length: 1474
  • database: ena
  • NCBI tax ID: 1502

External links

@ref: 41816

culture collection no.: CIP 110283, CCM 7176, ATCC 12916, NCIMB 13079, NCTC 8238, WDCM 00080, CECT 7468, JCM 5242

straininfo link

  • @ref: 96011
  • straininfo: 35682

literature

topicPubmed-IDtitleauthorsjournalDOIyearmeshtopic2
Metabolism4344959Chemically defined medium for growth and sporulation of Clostridium perfringens.Ting MN, Fung DYAppl Microbiol10.1128/am.24.5.755-759.19721972Anaerobiosis, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development/metabolism, *Culture Media, Food Microbiology, Glucose/metabolism, Glutamates/metabolism, Microscopy, Phase-Contrast, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/metabolism, Sodium, Spectrophotometry, Spores/*growth & development, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Thioglycolates/metabolism, Vitamins/metabolismCultivation
Pathogenicity6271685Stimulation of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin formation by caffeine and theobromine.Labbe RG, Nolan LLInfect Immun10.1128/iai.34.1.50-54.19811981Caffeine/*pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Enterotoxins/*biosynthesis, Nucleosides/pharmacology, Purines/pharmacology, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Spores, Bacterial/drug effects, Theobromine/*pharmacologyMetabolism
Cultivation6316852Influence of carbohydrates on growth and sporulation of Clostridium perfringens in a defined medium with or without guanosine.Sacks LEAppl Environ Microbiol10.1128/aem.46.5.1169-1175.19831983Caffeine/pharmacology, Carbohydrates/*pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/*physiology, Culture Media, Dextrins/pharmacology, Glucose/pharmacology, Guanosine/*pharmacology, Melibiose/pharmacology, Raffinose/pharmacology, Spores, Bacterial/physiology, Sucrose/pharmacology, Theophylline/pharmacology
Pathogenicity8919808Sporulation-promoting ability of Clostridium perfringens culture fluids.Shih NJ, Labbe RGAppl Environ Microbiol10.1128/aem.62.4.1441-1443.19961996Clostridium Infections/epidemiology/microbiology, Clostridium perfringens/classification/pathogenicity/*physiology, Culture Media, Conditioned, Disease Outbreaks, Enterotoxins/biosynthesis, Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology/microbiology, Humans, Spores, Bacterial/physiologyCultivation
Biotechnology11441851Cooling rate effect on outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens in cooked, ready-to-eat turkey breast roasts.Steele FM, Wright KHPoult Sci10.1093/ps/80.6.8132001Animals, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, Cold Temperature, Colony Count, Microbial/veterinary, Cooking/methods, Food Contamination/prevention & control, Food Handling/*methods, *Food Microbiology, Poultry Products/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Time Factors, Turkeys
Enzymology11601701Heat treatment adaptations in Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells.Novak JS, Tunick MH, Juneja VKJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-64.10.15272001Adaptation, Physiological, Blotting, Western, Calorimetry, Differential Scanning, Clostridium perfringens/*physiology, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Food Handling/methods, *Hot Temperature, Time FactorsStress
12540184Incidence of Clostridium perfringens in commercially produced cured raw meat product mixtures and behavior in cooked products during chilling and refrigerated storage.Taormina PJ, Bartholomew GW, Dorsa WJJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-66.1.722003Animals, Cattle, Chickens, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Food Handling/*methods, Food Preservation/*methods, Food Preservatives/*pharmacology, Incidence, Meat Products/*microbiology, Sodium Nitrite/*pharmacology, Swine, Temperature, Time Factors, Vacuum
Biotechnology12636309Effects of chilling rate on outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores in vacuum-packaged cooked beef and pork.Danler RJ, Boyle EA, Kastner CL, Thippareddi H, Fung DY, Phebus RKJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-66.3.5012003Animals, Cattle, Clostridium perfringens/growth & development/*physiology, *Cold Temperature, Colony Count, Microbial, Food Handling/*methods, Food Microbiology, Food Packaging, Meat/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Swine, Time Factors, Vacuum
Pathogenicity12929827Use of organic acids for the control of Clostridium perfringens in cooked vacuum-packaged restructured roast beef during an alternative cooling procedure.Sabah JR, Thippareddi H, Marsden JL, Fung DYJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-66.8.14082003Animals, Cattle, Citrates/pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Cooking/*methods, Disinfectants/*pharmacology, Food Packaging/methods, Food Preservation/*methods, Meat Products/*microbiology, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Lactate/pharmacology, Temperature, Time Factors, Vacuum
Pathogenicity15453573Effect of spices and organic acids on the growth of Clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked ground beef.Sabah JR, Juneja VK, Fung DYJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-67.9.18402004Animals, Cattle, Citrates/*pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug Antagonism, Drug Synergism, Food Handling/methods, Food Preservation/*methods, Meat Products/*microbiology, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Lactate/*pharmacology, *Spices, Spores, Bacterial/drug effects/growth & development, Temperature, Time Factors
Biotechnology16355831Predictive model for Clostridium perfringens growth in roast beef during cooling and inhibition of spore germination and outgrowth by organic acid salts.Sanchez-Plata MX, Amezquita A, Blankenship E, Burson DE, Juneja V, Thippareddi HJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-68.12.25942005Animals, Citrates/pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/growth & development/*physiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Cooking/*methods, Food Handling/methods, Food Microbiology, Food Preservation/*methods, Food Preservatives/*pharmacology, Meat/*microbiology, Models, Biological, Predictive Value of Tests, Sodium Acetate/pharmacology, Spores, Bacterial/*growth & development, Temperature, Time Factors
31121644Influence of Cooling Rate on Outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens Spores in Cooked Ground Beef.Juneja VK, Snyder OP Jr, Cygnarowicz-Provost MJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028X-57.12.10631994
32044624The effect of low-temperature long-time (LTLT) cooking on survival of potentially pathogenic Clostridium perfringens in beef.El Kadri H, Alaizoki A, Celen T, Smith M, Onyeaka HInt J Food Microbiol10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.1085402020Animals, Cattle, Clostridium perfringens/*physiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Cooking/*methods, *Food Safety, Microbial Viability, Red Meat/*microbiology, Temperature, Time Factors, Vacuum
Biotechnology34052695Predictive model for growth of Clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked pork supplemented with sodium chloride and sodium pyrophosphate.Juneja VK, Osoria M, Purohit AS, Golden CE, Mishra A, Taneja NK, Salazar JK, Thippareddi H, Kumar GDMeat Sci10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.1085572021Animals, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, Cooking, Diphosphates, Food Handling/methods, Food Microbiology, Meat Products/*microbiology, *Models, Biological, Sodium Chloride, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Swine, *Temperature

Reference

@idauthorstitledoi/urlcatalogue
20215Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ10.1099/ijsem.0.004332
41816Curators of the CIPhttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_catalogue.xhtml?crbip=CIP%20110283Collection of Institut Pasteur (CIP 110283)
67770Curators of the JCMhttps://jcm.brc.riken.jp/en/
68382Automatically annotated from API zym
69479João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.MicrobeAtlas 1.0 betahttps://microbeatlas.org/
96011Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers10.60712/SI-ID35682.1