Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 138119

Type strain: No

Species: Clostridium perfringens

Strain history: CIP <- 1996, NCTC <- B.C. Hobbs, PHLS, London, UK

NCBI tax ID(s): 451757 (strain), 1502 (species)

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General

@ref: 39127

BacDive-ID: 138119

keywords: genome sequence, Bacteria, anaerobe, spore-forming, Gram-positive

description: Clostridium perfringens CIP 104880 is an anaerobe, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium of the family Clostridiaceae.

NCBI tax id

NCBI tax idMatching level
1502species
451757strain

strain history

  • @ref: 39127
  • history: CIP <- 1996, NCTC <- B.C. Hobbs, PHLS, London, UK

doi: 10.13145/bacdive138119.20240916.9.1

Name and taxonomic classification

LPSN

  • @ref: 20215
  • description: domain/bacteria
  • keyword: phylum/bacillota
  • domain: Bacteria
  • phylum: Bacillota
  • class: Clostridia
  • order: Eubacteriales
  • family: Clostridiaceae
  • genus: Clostridium
  • species: Clostridium perfringens
  • full scientific name: Clostridium perfringens (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Hauduroy et al. 1937 (Approved Lists 1980)

  • synonyms

    • @ref: 20215
    • synonym: Bacillus perfringens

@ref: 39127

domain: Bacteria

phylum: Firmicutes

class: Clostridia

order: Eubacteriales

family: Clostridiaceae

genus: Clostridium

species: Clostridium perfringens

type strain: no

Morphology

cell morphology

  • @ref: 39127
  • gram stain: positive
  • cell shape: rod-shaped
  • motility: no

colony morphology

  • @ref: 39127
  • hemolysis ability: 1

Culture and growth conditions

culture medium

@refnamegrowthcompositionlink
39127MEDIUM 20 - for Anaerobic bacteriayesAgar (15.000 g);Glucose (5.000 g);Yeast extract (20.000 g);Tryptone (30.000 g);Cysteine hydrochloride (0.500 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml);Hemin solution -M00149 (25.000 ml)
39127CIP Medium 20yeshttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_milieu.xhtml?crbip=20

culture temp

@refgrowthtypetemperature
39127positivegrowth37
46812positivegrowth37

Physiology and metabolism

oxygen tolerance

@refoxygen tolerance
46812anaerobe
39127anaerobe

spore formation

@refspore formationconfidence
69481yes100
39127no

metabolite utilization

@refChebi-IDmetaboliteutilization activitykind of utilization tested
3912715824D-fructose+/-degradation
3912717634D-glucose+/-degradation
3912717716lactose+/-degradation
3912717306maltose+/-degradation
3912717992sucrose+/-degradation
391274853esculin+hydrolysis
3912717632nitrate-reduction
3912716301nitrite+reduction
3912717632nitrate+respiration

metabolite production

  • @ref: 39127
  • Chebi-ID: 35581
  • metabolite: indole
  • production: no

enzymes

@refvalueactivityec
39127oxidase-
39127beta-galactosidase+3.2.1.23
39127gelatinase+/-
39127amylase+
39127DNase+
39127caseinase+3.4.21.50
39127catalase+1.11.1.6
39127tween esterase+
39127lecithinase+
39127lipase-
39127protease+
39127urease-3.5.1.5
68382alkaline phosphatase+3.1.3.1
68382esterase (C 4)+
68382esterase lipase (C 8)+
68382lipase (C 14)-
68382leucine arylamidase+3.4.11.1
68382valine arylamidase-
68382cystine arylamidase-3.4.11.3
68382trypsin+3.4.21.4
68382alpha-chymotrypsin-3.4.21.1
68382acid phosphatase+3.1.3.2
68382naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase+
68382alpha-galactosidase+3.2.1.22
68382beta-galactosidase+3.2.1.23
68382beta-glucuronidase-3.2.1.31
68382alpha-glucosidase+3.2.1.20
68382beta-glucosidase-3.2.1.21
68382N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase+3.2.1.52
68382alpha-mannosidase-3.2.1.24
68382alpha-fucosidase-3.2.1.51

API zym

@refControlAlkaline phosphataseEsteraseEsterase LipaseLipaseLeucine arylamidaseValine arylamidaseCystine arylamidaseTrypsinalpha- ChymotrypsinAcid phosphataseNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolasealpha- Galactosidasebeta- Galactosidasebeta- Glucuronidasealpha- Glucosidasebeta- GlucosidaseN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidasealpha- Mannosidasealpha- Fucosidase
39127-+++-+--+-++++-+-+--

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

isolation

@refgeographic locationcountryorigin.countrycontinentsample typesampling dateisolation date
39127LondonUnited KingdomGBREurope
46812LondonUnited KingdomGBREuropeSalt beef,boiled1952
39127LondonUnited KingdomGBREuropeFood, Salt beef1952

isolation source categories

Cat1Cat2Cat3
#Engineered#Treatment#Heated (Burned)
#Engineered#Food production#Meat
#Condition#Saline

Safety information

risk assessment

  • @ref: 39127
  • biosafety level: 2
  • biosafety level comment: Risk group (French classification)

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@refdescriptionaccessionassembly leveldatabaseNCBI tax ID
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239GCA_900461415contigncbi451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239GCA_902459515contigncbi451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239 str. NCTC 8239GCA_000171215contigncbi451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239451757.16wgspatric451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239 strain NCTC8239451757.9wgspatric451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239 strain str. NCTC8239451757.5wgspatric451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239641736152draftimg451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239451757.19wgspatric451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239451757.17wgspatric451757
66792Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8239451757.18wgspatric451757

Genome-based predictions

predictions

@reftraitmodeldescriptionpredictionconfidencetraining_data
69481spore-formingspore-formingAbility to form endo- or exosporesyes100no
69480gram-positivegram-positivePositive reaction to Gram-stainingyes76.787no
69480anaerobicanaerobicAbility to grow under anoxygenic conditions (including facultative anaerobes)yes89.34yes
69480spore-formingspore-formingAbility to form endo- or exosporesyes73.362no
69480aerobicaerobicAbility to grow under oxygenic conditions (including facultative aerobes)no97.935yes
69480thermophilicthermophileAbility to grow at temperatures above or equal to 45°Cno93.812yes
69480flagellatedmotile2+Ability to perform flagellated movementno67.642no

External links

@ref: 39127

culture collection no.: CIP 104880, ATCC 12917, NCTC 8239, CCUG 18370

straininfo link

  • @ref: 94911
  • straininfo: 35683

literature

topicPubmed-IDtitleauthorsjournalDOIyearmeshtopic2
Pathogenicity1769549Growth, sporulation and enterotoxin production by Clostridium perfringens type A in the presence of human bile salts.Heredia NL, Labbe RG, Rodriguez MA, Garcia-Alvarado JSFEMS Microbiol Lett10.1016/0378-1097(91)90387-p1991Bile Acids and Salts/*pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development/metabolism/physiology, Enterotoxins/*biosynthesis, Humans, Kinetics, Spores, BacterialEnzymology
Metabolism2867991Characterization of a parasporal inclusion body from sporulating, enterotoxin-positive Clostridium perfringens type A.Loffler A, Labbe RJ Bacteriol10.1128/jb.165.2.542-548.19861986Amino Acids/analysis, Animals, Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism, Carbohydrates/analysis, Chlorocebus aethiops, Clostridium perfringens/*analysis/ultrastructure, Cytoplasm/ultrastructure, Endopeptidases/metabolism, Enterotoxins/*analysis, Hydroxybutyrates/analysis, Immunoenzyme Techniques, *Metalloendopeptidases, Microscopy, Electron, Molecular Weight, Solubility, *Spores, Bacterial, Trypsin/metabolismPathogenicity
Metabolism4313168Growth, sporulation, and germination of Clostridium perfringens in media of controlled water activity.Kang CK, Woodburn M, Pagenkopf A, Cheney RAppl Microbiol10.1128/am.18.5.798-805.19691969Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, *Culture Media, Glycerol/metabolism, Sodium Chloride/metabolism, Spores/metabolism, Sucrose/metabolism, Thioglycolates/metabolism, WaterCultivation
Biotechnology6266336Relationship of sporulation, enterotoxin formation, and spoilage during growth of Clostridium perfringens type A in cooked chicken.Craven SE, Blankenship LC, McDonel JLAppl Environ Microbiol10.1128/aem.41.5.1184-1191.19811981Animals, Chickens, Clostridium perfringens/*physiology, Enterotoxins/*biosynthesis, *Food Microbiology, *Meat, Spores, Bacterial/physiology, TemperaturePathogenicity
Genetics8162194A complex array of Hpr consensus DNA recognition sequences proximal to the enterotoxin gene in Clostridium perfringens type A.Brynestad S, Iwanejko LA, Stewart GS, Granum PEMicrobiology (Reading)10.1099/13500872-140-1-971994Base Sequence, Chromosome Mapping, Clostridium perfringens/*genetics/metabolism, Consensus Sequence, DNA Primers/genetics, DNA, Bacterial/*genetics, Enterotoxins/biosynthesis, Genes, Bacterial, Molecular Sequence Data, Open Reading Frames, Phenotype, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Salmonella typhimurium/genetics, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Homology, Nucleic AcidPhenotype
Phylogeny8757868Regulated expression of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in naturally cpe-negative type A, B, and C isolates of C. perfringens.Czeczulin JR, Collie RE, McClane BAInfect Immun10.1128/iai.64.8.3301-3309.19961996Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis/*genetics, Base Sequence, Clostridium perfringens/classification/*genetics, Enterotoxins/biosynthesis/*genetics, Foodborne Diseases/microbiology, *Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Genes, Bacterial, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Bacterial/analysis, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Species Specificity, Spores, Bacterial, Transformation, GeneticPathogenicity
Phylogeny8880985Improved isolation of Clostridium perfringens from foal faeces.Netherwood T, Chanter N, Mumford JARes Vet Sci10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90090-91996Animals, Bacteriological Techniques, Clostridium Infections/diagnosis/*veterinary, Clostridium perfringens/*isolation & purification/physiology, Diarrhea/microbiology/*veterinary, Feces/microbiology, *Horse Diseases, Horses, Spores, BacterialEnzymology
Pathogenicity9245800The Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene is on a transposable element in type A human food poisoning strains.Brynestad S, Synstad B, Granum PEMicrobiology (Reading)10.1099/00221287-143-7-21091997Animals, Base Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Clostridium perfringens/*genetics, DNA Transposable Elements/*genetics, Enterotoxins/*genetics/*poisoning, *Food Microbiology, *Genes, Bacterial, Humans, Molecular Sequence DataEnzymology
Pathogenicity10747261Characteristics of a sporulation stimulating factor from Clostridium perfringens type A.Tseng W, Labbe RGLett Appl Microbiol10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00710.x2000Bacterial Proteins/*chemistry, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*physiology, Culture Media, Conditioned, Dialysis, Endopeptidases/pharmacology, Enterotoxins/metabolism, Ethanol, Glucose/metabolism, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Molecular Weight, *Repressor Proteins, Spores, Bacterial/physiology, Temperature, Time FactorsCultivation
Biotechnology11441851Cooling rate effect on outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens in cooked, ready-to-eat turkey breast roasts.Steele FM, Wright KHPoult Sci10.1093/ps/80.6.8132001Animals, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, Cold Temperature, Colony Count, Microbial/veterinary, Cooking/methods, Food Contamination/prevention & control, Food Handling/*methods, *Food Microbiology, Poultry Products/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Time Factors, Turkeys
Biotechnology12636309Effects of chilling rate on outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores in vacuum-packaged cooked beef and pork.Danler RJ, Boyle EA, Kastner CL, Thippareddi H, Fung DY, Phebus RKJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-66.3.5012003Animals, Cattle, Clostridium perfringens/growth & development/*physiology, *Cold Temperature, Colony Count, Microbial, Food Handling/*methods, Food Microbiology, Food Packaging, Meat/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Swine, Time Factors, Vacuum
Pathogenicity12929827Use of organic acids for the control of Clostridium perfringens in cooked vacuum-packaged restructured roast beef during an alternative cooling procedure.Sabah JR, Thippareddi H, Marsden JL, Fung DYJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-66.8.14082003Animals, Cattle, Citrates/pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Cooking/*methods, Disinfectants/*pharmacology, Food Packaging/methods, Food Preservation/*methods, Meat Products/*microbiology, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Lactate/pharmacology, Temperature, Time Factors, Vacuum
Biotechnology14717356Growth of heat-treated enterotoxin-positive Clostridium perfringens and the implications for safe cooling rates.Andersen KG, Hansen TB, Knochel SJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-67.1.832004Clostridium perfringens/genetics/*growth & development/physiology, Consumer Product Safety, Food Handling/*methods, Food Microbiology, Genes, Bacterial, Genotype, Meat Products/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial, *Temperature, Thioglycolates, Time Factors, VacuumGenetics
Pathogenicity15453573Effect of spices and organic acids on the growth of Clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked ground beef.Sabah JR, Juneja VK, Fung DYJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-67.9.18402004Animals, Cattle, Citrates/*pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/drug effects/*growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug Antagonism, Drug Synergism, Food Handling/methods, Food Preservation/*methods, Meat Products/*microbiology, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Lactate/*pharmacology, *Spices, Spores, Bacterial/drug effects/growth & development, Temperature, Time Factors
Biotechnology16355831Predictive model for Clostridium perfringens growth in roast beef during cooling and inhibition of spore germination and outgrowth by organic acid salts.Sanchez-Plata MX, Amezquita A, Blankenship E, Burson DE, Juneja V, Thippareddi HJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028x-68.12.25942005Animals, Citrates/pharmacology, Clostridium perfringens/growth & development/*physiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Cooking/*methods, Food Handling/methods, Food Microbiology, Food Preservation/*methods, Food Preservatives/*pharmacology, Meat/*microbiology, Models, Biological, Predictive Value of Tests, Sodium Acetate/pharmacology, Spores, Bacterial/*growth & development, Temperature, Time Factors
Pathogenicity19785539Potential for growth of Clostridium perfringens from spores in pork scrapple during cooling.Juneja VK, Porto-Fett AC, Gartner K, Tufft L, Luchansky JBFoodborne Pathog Dis10.1089/fpd.2009.04052010Animals, Clostridium perfringens/*physiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Consumer Product Safety, Food Contamination/prevention & control, Food Handling/*methods, Food Preservation, Humans, Meat Products/*microbiology, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Swine, Temperature, Time Factors
Pathogenicity26969700Transcriptional Profile during Deoxycholate-Induced Sporulation in a Clostridium perfringens Isolate Causing Foodborne Illness.Yasugi M, Okuzaki D, Kuwana R, Takamatsu H, Fujita M, Sarker MR, Miyake MAppl Environ Microbiol10.1128/AEM.00252-162016Clostridium Infections/microbiology, Clostridium perfringens/*drug effects/genetics/*growth & development/isolation & purification, Deoxycholic Acid/*metabolism, Foodborne Diseases/microbiology, *Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Spores, Bacterial/*drug effects/genetics/*growth & developmentEnzymology
Pathogenicity27594514Nitrate salts suppress sporulation and production of enterotoxin in Clostridium perfringens strain NCTC8239.Yasugi M, Otsuka K, Miyake MMicrobiol Immunol10.1111/1348-0421.124372016Caco-2 Cells, Clostridium perfringens/*drug effects/*physiology, Culture Media/chemistry, Enterotoxins/*biosynthesis, Foodborne Diseases/microbiology, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/drug effects, Genes, Bacterial, Humans, Nitrates/*pharmacology, Nitro Compounds/pharmacology, Spores, Bacterial/*drug effectsBiotechnology
31121644Influence of Cooling Rate on Outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens Spores in Cooked Ground Beef.Juneja VK, Snyder OP Jr, Cygnarowicz-Provost MJ Food Prot10.4315/0362-028X-57.12.10631994
Metabolism31401257Phosphorothioation of foreign DNA influences the transformation efficiency in Clostridium perfringens NCTC8239.Yasugi M, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Miyake MAnaerobe10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.1020852019Clostridium perfringens/*genetics/metabolism, Mutation, Oxidants, Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides, Plasmids/*genetics/metabolism, Thionucleosides/metabolism, *Transformation, Bacterial
Biotechnology34052695Predictive model for growth of Clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked pork supplemented with sodium chloride and sodium pyrophosphate.Juneja VK, Osoria M, Purohit AS, Golden CE, Mishra A, Taneja NK, Salazar JK, Thippareddi H, Kumar GDMeat Sci10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.1085572021Animals, Clostridium perfringens/*growth & development, Cooking, Diphosphates, Food Handling/methods, Food Microbiology, Meat Products/*microbiology, *Models, Biological, Sodium Chloride, Spores, Bacterial/growth & development, Swine, *Temperature

Reference

@idauthorstitledoi/urlcatalogue
20215Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ10.1099/ijsem.0.004332
39127Curators of the CIPhttps://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_catalogue.xhtml?crbip=CIP%20104880Collection of Institut Pasteur (CIP 104880)
46812Curators of the CCUGhttps://www.ccug.se/strain?id=18370Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) (CCUG 18370)
66792Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg OvermannAutomatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information)https://diaspora-project.de/progress.html#genomes
68382Automatically annotated from API zym
69480Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg OvermannPredictions based on genome sequence made in the Diaspora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information)https://diaspora-project.de/progress.html#genomes
69481Xiao-Yin To, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Alice C. McHardy, Philipp C. MünchPredictions based on the model GenomeNet Sporulation v. 110.21203/rs.3.rs-2527258/v1
94911Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers10.60712/SI-ID35683.1