Archive BacDiveID:10.13145/bacdive24584.20230509.8.1

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 24584

Type strain:

Species: Staphylococcus epidermidis

Strain Designation: RP62a, BM 3577

Strain history: CIP <- 1998, O. Chesneau, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France: strain BM 3577 <- Christensen: strain RP62A

NCBI tax ID(s): 176279 (strain), 1282 (species)

For citation purpose refer to the digital object identifier (doi) of the current version.

General

@ref: 20829

BacDive-ID: 24584

DSM-Number: 28319

keywords: genome sequence, Bacteria, facultative anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive, coccus-shaped, antibiotic resistance, human pathogen

description: Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62a is a facultative anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive human pathogen that has multiple antibiotic resistances and was isolated from catheter sepsis.

NCBI tax id

NCBI tax id	Matching level
176279	strain
1282	species

strain history

@ref	history
20829	<- CECT; CECT 4184 <- CCTM; RP62a
119106	CIP <- 1998, O. Chesneau, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France: strain BM 3577 <- Christensen: strain RP62A

doi: 10.13145/bacdive24584.20230509.8.1

Name and taxonomic classification

LPSN

@ref: 20215
description: domain/bacteria
keyword: phylum/bacillota
domain: Bacteria
phylum: Bacillota
class: Bacilli
order: Caryophanales
family: Staphylococcaceae
genus: Staphylococcus
species: Staphylococcus epidermidis
full scientific name: Staphylococcus epidermidis (Winslow and Winslow 1908) Evans 1916 (Approved Lists 1980)
synonyms
- @ref: 20215
- synonym: Albococcus epidermidis

@ref: 20829

domain: Bacteria

phylum: Firmicutes

class: Bacilli

order: Bacillales

family: Staphylococcaceae

genus: Staphylococcus

species: Staphylococcus epidermidis

full scientific name: Staphylococcus epidermidis (Winslow and Winslow 1908) Evans 1916

strain designation: RP62a, BM 3577

type strain: no

Morphology

cell morphology

@ref: 119106
gram stain: positive
cell shape: coccus-shaped
motility: no

colony morphology

@ref	type of hemolysis	incubation period
20829	gamma	1-2 days
119106

Culture and growth conditions

culture medium

@ref	name	growth	link	composition
20829	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	yes	https://mediadive.dsmz.de/medium/693	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
20829	TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92)	yes	https://mediadive.dsmz.de/medium/92	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Yeast extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
42105	MEDIUM 72- for trypto casein soja agar	yes		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Trypto casein soy agar (40.000 g)
119106	CIP Medium 3	yes	https://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_milieu.xhtml?crbip=3
119106	CIP Medium 72	yes	https://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_milieu.xhtml?crbip=72

culture temp

@ref	growth	type	temperature	range
20829	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
42105	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
119106	positive	growth	22-41
119106	no	growth	10	psychrophilic
119106	no	growth	45	thermophilic

Physiology and metabolism

oxygen tolerance

@ref: 119106
oxygen tolerance: facultative anaerobe

antibiogram

@ref	medium	incubation temperature	incubation time	oxygen condition	Penicillin G	oxacillin	ampicillin	ticarcillin	mezlocillin	cefalotin	cefazolin	cefotaxime	imipenem	tetracycline	chloramphenicol	gentamycin	amikacin	vancomycin	ofloxacin	norfloxacin	colistin	pipemidic acid	nitrofurantoin	bacitracin	polymyxin b	neomycin	doxycycline	ceftriaxone	fosfomycin	moxifloxacin	linezolid	quinupristin/dalfopristin	teicoplanin	piperacillin/tazobactam
20829	Mueller-Hinton Agar	37	1	aerob	16	20	18-20	22	22	34	30	24	36	40	30	14	22-24	22	34	36	0	22	30	20	10	10	40	20	>50	38	40-42	34	20	26
20829	Mueller-Hinton Agar	37	1	aerob	20	22	22	24	22	34	32	26	40	32-34	30	16	24-26	20	32	36	8	20	30	20	12	10	34	20	>50	38	40	30-32	20	28
20829	Mueller Hinton	37		aerob	20	24	22	28	24	40-42	36	30	40-42	40	32-34	18	30	24	34	32	8	20	30-32	20	14	10-12	40	24-26	32	40	40-42	36	22	28-30

metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	metabolite	utilization activity	kind of utilization tested
119106	606565	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
119106	17632	nitrate	+	reduction
119106	16301	nitrite	-	reduction
68375	16199	urea	+	hydrolysis
68375	18257	ornithine	-	degradation
68375	17634	D-glucose	+	fermentation
68375	15824	D-fructose	+	fermentation
68375	17306	maltose	+	fermentation
68375	17716	lactose	+	fermentation
68375	16899	D-mannitol	-	fermentation
68375	16634	raffinose	-	fermentation
68375	17632	nitrate	+	reduction
68375	17992	sucrose	+	fermentation
68375	22599	arabinose	-	fermentation

metabolite production

@ref: 119106
Chebi-ID: 35581
metabolite: indole
production: no

metabolite tests

@ref: 119106
Chebi-ID: 15688
metabolite: acetoin
voges-proskauer-test: +

enzymes

@ref	value	activity	ec
20829	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
20829	cytochrome-c oxidase	-	1.9.3.1
68375	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31
68375	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3
68375	L-arginine arylamidase	-
68375	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68375	urease	+	3.5.1.5
119106	oxidase	-
119106	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
119106	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
119106	gelatinase	+/-
119106	amylase	-
119106	DNase	-
119106	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
119106	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
119106	coagulase	-
119106	tween esterase	+
119106	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
119106	lecithinase	+
119106	lipase	-
119106	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
119106	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
119106	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
119106	protease	+
119106	tryptophan deaminase	-
119106	urease	+	3.5.1.5
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1
68382	esterase (C 4)	+
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+
68382	lipase (C 14)	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1
68382	valine arylamidase	-
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase	Esterase Lipase	Lipase	Leucine arylamidase	Valine arylamidase	Cystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
119106	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

API ID32STA

@ref	URE	ADH Arg	ODC	ESC	GLU	FRU	MNE	MAL	LAC	TRE	MAN	RAF	RIB	CEL	NIT	VP	beta GAL	ArgA	PAL	PyrA	NOVO	SAC	NAG	TUR	ARA	beta GUR
20829	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
20829	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	-
20829	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	-	+/-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-
20829	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	+/-	+/-	-	-
50644	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	GLU	FRU	GAL	TRE	MNE	SBE	MEL	SAC	RAF	MTE	MAL	LAC	LTE	MbGa	MaGa	CEL	GEN	MbGu	ESC	RIB	ARA	XYL	PLE	RHA	FUC	MLZ	DARL	LARL	XLT	DUL	TAG	GLY	INO	MAN	MTL	TUR	SOR	ADO	HBG	LYX	ERY	MDG	3MDG	SAT	MUC	LTAT	DTAT	MTAT	DMLT	LMLT	CATE	TATE	TTE	CIT	GRT	GAT	2KG	5KG	TRY	NAG	GNT	PAC	PAT	pOBE	QAT	GTE	mOBE	BAT	PPAT	CMT	TGE	BET	PCE	ABT	HIN	LAT	CAP	CYT	HIS	SUC	FUM	GRE	GYT	AVT	ETN	TTN	GLN	ITA	3OBU	APT	GTT	PRO	DALA	LALA	SER	MNT	PROP	TYR	2KT
119106	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

isolation

@ref	sample type	geographic location	country	origin.country	continent	latitude	longitude	isolation date
20829	catheter sepsis	Memphis, Tennessee	USA	USA	North America	35.1175	-89.9711
50644	Catheter sepsis	Tennessee	USA	USA	North America
119106	Human, Blood	Memphis	United States of America	USA	North America			1979

isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Infection	#Disease
#Infection	#Medical device
#Infection	#Medical device	#Catheter

Safety information

risk assessment

@ref	pathogenicity human	pathogenicity animal	biosafety level	biosafety level comment
20829	yes	yes	2	Risk group (German classification)
119106			1	Risk group (French classification)

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	description	accession	assembly level	database	NCBI tax ID
66792	Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A	GCA_000011925	complete	ncbi	176279
66792	Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A	176279.9	complete	patric	176279
66792	Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A	176279.51	plasmid	patric	176279
66792	Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A	637000282	complete	img	176279

Genome-based predictions

predictions

trait	prediction	confidence	training_data
motile	no	91.77	no
flagellated	no	91.864	no
gram-positive	yes	93.008	no
anaerobic	no	98.523	no
halophile	yes	94.423	no
spore-forming	no	90.574	no
thermophile	no	99.858	no
glucose-util	yes	89.575	no
aerobic	yes	87.394	no
glucose-ferment	yes	81.481	yes

External links

@ref: 20829

culture collection no.: DSM 28319, ATCC 35984, CECT 4184, CCUG 31568, CIP 105777, BCRC 17069

straininfo link

@ref: 88433
straininfo: 41402

literature

topic	Pubmed-ID	title	authors	journal	DOI	year	mesh	topic2
Enzymology	1875393	Characterisation and functional aspects of monoclonal antibodies specific for surface proteins of coagulase-negative staphylococci.	Timmerman CP, Besnier JM, De Graaf L, Torensma R, Verkley AJ, Fleer A, Verhoef J	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/00222615-35-2-65	1991	Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology, Antigens, Bacterial/immunology, Antigens, Surface/immunology, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Humans, Immunoblotting, Luminescent Measurements, Mice, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Monocytes/chemistry, Neutrophils/chemistry, Phagocytosis, Staphylococcus epidermidis/immunology/ultrastructure	Pathogenicity
Enzymology	2039236	In vitro measurement of the adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis to plastic by using cellular urease as a marker.	Dunne WM Jr, Burd EM	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.57.3.863-866.1991	1991	Bacterial Adhesion, Biomarkers, Plastics, Staphylococcus epidermidis/enzymology/physiology, Urease/*metabolism	Metabolism
Enzymology	2387626	Identification of an antigenic marker of slime production for Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Christensen GD, Barker LP, Mawhinney TP, Baddour LM, Simpson WA	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.58.9.2906-2911.1990	1990	Adhesins, Bacterial, Antigens, Bacterial/analysis, Antigens, Surface/analysis, Bacterial Adhesion, Bacterial Proteins/pharmacology, Kinetics, Membrane Glycoproteins/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/growth & development/immunology	Biotechnology
Phenotype	3679536	Phenotypic variation of Staphylococcus epidermidis slime production in vitro and in vivo.	Christensen GD, Baddour LM, Simpson WA	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.55.12.2870-2877.1987	1987	Animals, Bacterial Adhesion, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Genetic Variation, Mice, Phenotype, Plasmids, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics/*pathogenicity/ultrastructure	Biotechnology
	8089070	Prevention of bacterial colonization of intravenous catheters by antiseptic impregnation of polyurethane polymers.	Bach A, Bohrer H, Motsch J, Martin E, Geiss HK, Sonntag HG	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/33.5.969	1994	Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Local/chemistry/therapeutic use, Bacterial Adhesion, Bacterial Infections/prevention & control, Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects/instrumentation, Chlorhexidine/chemistry/therapeutic use, Jugular Veins/microbiology, Male, Polyurethanes/chemistry, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Silver/chemistry/therapeutic use, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Sulfadiazine/chemistry/therapeutic use
Pathogenicity	8092822	Lack of mecA transcription in slime-negative phase variants of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Mempel M, Feucht H, Ziebuhr W, Endres M, Laufs R, Gruter L	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.38.6.1251	1994	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins/genetics, Lactams, Methicillin Resistance, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/metabolism, Transcription, Genetic	Metabolism
Enzymology	8109913	Diffusion of rifampin and vancomycin through a Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm.	Dunne WM Jr, Mason EO Jr, Kaplan SL	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.37.12.2522	1993	Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Diffusion, Drug Implants/adverse effects, Drug Therapy, Combination/pharmacokinetics, Models, Biological, Rifampin/pharmacokinetics, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/metabolism, Vancomycin/*pharmacokinetics	Pathogenicity
	8246498	Prevention of catheter-related infections by antiseptic bonding.	Bach A, Bohrer H, Motsch J, Martin E, Geiss HK, Sonntag HG	J Surg Res	10.1006/jsre.1993.1197	1993	Animals, Catheterization/adverse effects, Chlorhexidine/pharmacology, Colony Count, Microbial, Equipment Contamination, Male, Rats, Silver Sulfadiazine/pharmacology, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, *Staphylococcus epidermidis
Enzymology	8376835	A porcine model of Staphylococcus epidermidis catheter-associated infection.	McDermid KP, Morck DW, Olson ME, Boyd ND, Khoury AE, Dasgupta MK, Costerton JW	J Infect Dis	10.1093/infdis/168.4.897	1993	Animals, Antibody Formation, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects, Creatinine/blood, Female, Immunoglobulin G/blood, Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects, Staphylococcal Infections/blood/etiology/physiopathology, Staphylococcus/isolation & purification, Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification, Swine	Phylogeny
Metabolism	8478063	Effect of growth conditions on expression and antigenicity of Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A cell envelope proteins.	McDermid KP, Morck DW, Olson ME, Dasgupta MK, Costerton JW	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.61.5.1743-1749.1993	1993	Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology, Antigens, Bacterial/analysis, Bacterial Proteins/analysis/immunology, Blotting, Western, Cell Wall/chemistry, Female, Iron/metabolism, Molecular Weight, Staphylococcus epidermidis/chemistry/growth & development/*immunology, Swine
Pathogenicity	8731203	Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion to films deposited from hydroxyethylmethacrylate plasma.	Morra M, Cassinelli C	J Biomed Mater Res	10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199606)31:2<149::AID-JBM1>3.0.CO;2-N	1996	Bacterial Adhesion, Biocompatible Materials, Humans, Methacrylates, Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate, Polystyrenes, Staphylococcal Infections/etiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification/physiology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Surface Properties, Urinary Catheterization, Urinary Tract Infections/etiology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	8980764	Pharmacodynamic effects of antibiotics and antibiotic combinations on growing and nongrowing Staphylococcus epidermidis cells.	Svensson E, Hanberger H, Nilsson LE	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.41.1.107	1997	Amikacin/pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Drug Synergism, Drug Therapy, Combination/pharmacology, Imipenem/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Ofloxacin/pharmacology, Rifampin/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects/growth & development, Vancomycin/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	9222054	Factors affecting development of rifampicin resistance in biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Svensson E, Hanberger H, Nilsson M, Nilsson LE	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/39.6.817	1997	Antibiotics, Antitubercular/pharmacology, Biofilms/growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Rifampin/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology
Pathogenicity	10853623	Comparative in vitro activity of vancomycin and levofloxacin in combination with rifampin against planktonic versus sessile cells of Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Kang-Birken SL	Pharmacotherapy	10.1592/phco.20.7.673.35166	2000	Drug Therapy, Combination/pharmacology, Levofloxacin, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Ofloxacin/pharmacology, Rifampin/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Vancomycin/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	11084278	In vitro adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis to intraocular lenses.	Garcia-Saenz MC, Arias-Puente A, Fresnadillo-Martinez MJ, Matilla-Rodriguez A	J Cataract Refract Surg	10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00483-1	2000	Bacterial Adhesion, Biocompatible Materials, Colony Count, Microbial, Endophthalmitis/microbiology, Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Lenses, Intraocular/microbiology, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Silicone Elastomers, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*physiology, Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology
Cultivation	11422241	Phenotypic and genotypic markers of Staphylococcus epidermidis virulence.	Gelosia A, Baldassarri L, Deighton M, van Nguyen T	Clin Microbiol Infect	10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00214.x	2001	Animals, Biofilms, Culture Media, Disease Models, Animal, Genetic Markers, Genotype, Immunodiffusion, Mice, Microscopy, Electron, Phenotype, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis/classification/genetics/pathogenicity/ultrastructure, Temperature, Virulence	Genetics
	11866773	Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on adherence to silicone and hydrophobicity of coagulase-negative staphylococci.	Besnier JM, Leport C, Vilde JL, Pocidalo JJ	Clin Microbiol Infect	10.1016/s1198-743x(15)60282-8	1996
	12072728	Adherence of two strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis to contact lenses.	Garcia-Saenz MC, Arias-Puente A, Fresnadillo-Martinez MJ, Paredes-Garcia B	Cornea	10.1097/00003226-200207000-00014	2002	Bacterial Adhesion/physiology, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Biofilms, Colony Count, Microbial, Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic/microbiology, In Vitro Techniques, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*physiology
Pathogenicity	12072923	In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of three different central venous catheters against gram-positive bacteria.	Yorganci K, Krepel C, Weigelt JA, Edmiston CE	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1007/s10096-002-0719-z	2002	Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Bacteremia/prevention & control, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug Combinations, Equipment Contamination/prevention & control, Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects, Humans, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Time Factors
Pathogenicity	14506022	Linezolid compared with eperezolid, vancomycin, and gentamicin in an in vitro model of antimicrobial lock therapy for Staphylococcus epidermidis central venous catheter-related biofilm infections.	Curtin J, Cormican M, Fleming G, Keelehan J, Colleran E	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.47.10.3145-3148.2003	2003	Acetamides/pharmacology, Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects, Catheters, Indwelling/microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Gentamicins/pharmacology, Linezolid, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Oxazoles/pharmacology, Oxazolidinones/pharmacology, Sodium Chloride/pharmacology, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects, Vancomycin/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	15046902	Search for the insertion element IS256 within the ica locus of Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates collected from biomaterial-associated infections.	Arciola CR, Campoccia D, Gamberini S, Rizzi S, Donati ME, Baldassarri L, Montanaro L	Biomaterials	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.027	2004	Biocompatible Materials/adverse effects, DNA Transposable Elements/genetics, Gene Expression Profiling/methods, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/genetics, Humans, Polysaccharides, Bacterial/genetics/metabolism, Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology/microbiology, Sequence Alignment/methods, Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods, Species Specificity, Staphylococcal Infections/etiology/genetics/*metabolism/microbiology	Metabolism
Genetics	15774886	Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain.	Gill SR, Fouts DE, Archer GL, Mongodin EF, Deboy RT, Ravel J, Paulsen IT, Kolonay JF, Brinkac L, Beanan M, Dodson RJ, Daugherty SC, Madupu R, Angiuoli SV, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Vamathevan J, Khouri H, Utterback T, Lee C, Dimitrov G, Jiang L, Qin H, Weidman J, Tran K, Kang K, Hance IR, Nelson KE, Fraser CM	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.187.7.2426-2438.2005	2005	Biofilms, Chromosome Mapping, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Genome, Bacterial, Genomic Islands, Methicillin Resistance/genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Open Reading Frames, Phylogeny, Staphylococcus aureus/genetics/metabolism/pathogenicity, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*genetics/metabolism/pathogenicity, Virulence/genetics	Phylogeny
Pathogenicity	15980327	Microplate Alamar blue assay for Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm susceptibility testing.	Pettit RK, Weber CA, Kean MJ, Hoffmann H, Pettit GR, Tan R, Franks KS, Horton ML	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.49.7.2612-2617.2005	2005	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Humans, Indicators and Reagents/metabolism, Microbial Sensitivity Tests/instrumentation/methods/standards, Nitrofurazone/pharmacology, Oxacillin/pharmacology, Oxazines/metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Reproducibility of Results, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/growth & development, Xanthenes/*metabolism	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	16088896	A multiplex PCR method for the detection of all five individual genes of ica locus in Staphylococcus epidermidis. A survey on 400 clinical isolates from prosthesis-associated infections.	Arciola CR, Gamberini S, Campoccia D, Visai L, Speziale P, Baldassarri L, Montanaro L	J Biomed Mater Res A	10.1002/jbm.a.30445	2005	Biofilms, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Polysaccharides, Bacterial/genetics, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics/metabolism	Metabolism
Metabolism	16187057	Rapid decrease of free vancomycin in dense staphylococcal cultures.	Ekdahl C, Hanberger H, Hallgren A, Nilsson M, Svensson E, Nilsson LE	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1007/s10096-005-0011-0	2005	Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism/pharmacology, Colony Count, Microbial, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Luminescence, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/metabolism, Vancomycin/*metabolism/pharmacology, Vancomycin Resistance	Pathogenicity
Enzymology	16757752	The effect of proteolytic enzyme serratiopeptidase in the treatment of experimental implant-related infection.	Mecikoglu M, Saygi B, Yildirim Y, Karadag-Saygi E, Ramadan SS, Esemenli T	J Bone Joint Surg Am	10.2106/JBJS.E.00007	2006	Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Therapy, Combination, Knee Prosthesis/adverse effects, Ofloxacin/administration & dosage, Peptide Hydrolases/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Prosthesis-Related Infections/drug therapy/pathology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy/pathology, Staphylococcus epidermidis
	16799041	Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis on intraocular lens material.	Okajima Y, Kobayakawa S, Tsuji A, Tochikubo T	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci	10.1167/iovs.05-1172	2006	Acrylic Resins, Bacteriological Techniques, Biofilms/growth & development, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Colony Count, Microbial, Lenses, Intraocular/microbiology, Methacrylates, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phosphorylcholine/analogs & derivatives, Polymers, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Silicone Elastomers, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*physiology/ultrastructure
Metabolism	16842355	Comparative proteomic analysis between the invasive and commensal strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Yang XM, Li N, Chen JM, Ou YZ, Jin H, Lu HJ, Zhu YL, Qin ZQ, Qu D, Yang PY	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00327.x	2006	Amino Acids/metabolism, Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism/physiology, Biofilms/growth & development, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Lipid Metabolism, Proteomics/methods, RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Staphylococcus epidermidis/metabolism/pathogenicity/physiology, Transcription Factors/metabolism	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	16872671	In vitro anti-bacterial and biological properties of magnetron co-sputtered silver-containing hydroxyapatite coating.	Chen W, Liu Y, Courtney HS, Bettenga M, Agrawal CM, Bumgardner JD, Ong JL	Biomaterials	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.07.003	2006	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Cell Line, Cell Survival/drug effects, Durapatite/chemistry/pharmacology/toxicity, Humans, Materials Testing, Silver/*chemistry, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, X-Ray Diffraction
Pathogenicity	17169836	Biofilm formation on hydrophilic intraocular lens material.	Shimizu K, Kobayakawa S, Tsuji A, Tochikubo T	Curr Eye Res	10.1080/02713680601038816	2006	Acrylic Resins, Animals, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug Carriers, Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects/physiology, Fluoroquinolones, Gatifloxacin, Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Lenses, Intraocular/microbiology, Levofloxacin, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Ofloxacin, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Rabbits, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology
Pathogenicity	17335020	Antibacterial and osteogenic properties of silver-containing hydroxyapatite coatings produced using a sol gel process.	Chen W, Oh S, Ong AP, Oh N, Liu Y, Courtney HS, Appleford M, Ong JL	J Biomed Mater Res A	10.1002/jbm.a.31197	2007	Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Cell Differentiation/drug effects, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation/drug effects, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Durapatite/pharmacology, Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/enzymology, Gels, Humans, Materials Testing, Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/enzymology, Osteoblasts/cytology/drug effects/enzymology, Osteogenesis/drug effects, Prostheses and Implants, Silver/*pharmacology, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, X-Ray Diffraction	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	17703097	Proinflammatory impact of Staphylococcus epidermidis on the nasal epithelium quantified by IL-8 and GRO-alpha responses in primary human nasal epithelial cells.	Sachse F, von Eiff C, Becker K, Steinhoff M, Rudack C	Int Arch Allergy Immunol	10.1159/000107463	2007	Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Chemokine CXCL1/immunology, Chronic Disease, Epithelial Cells/immunology/microbiology, Humans, Interleukin-6/immunology, Interleukin-8/immunology, NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors, Nasal Mucosa/cytology/immunology, Nasal Polyps/immunology/microbiology, Nitriles/pharmacology, Rhinitis/immunology/microbiology, Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology, Sinusitis/immunology/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/immunology/isolation & purification, Sulfones/pharmacology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	19157797	Effect of berberine on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation.	Wang X, Yao X, Zhu Z, Tang T, Dai K, Sadovskaya I, Flahaut S, Jabbouri S	Int J Antimicrob Agents	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.10.033	2009	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Berberine/isolation & purification/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, China, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbial Viability, Plants, Medicinal/chemistry, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	19472377	Berberine inhibits Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface of titanium alloy.	Wang X, Qiu S, Yao X, Tang T, Dai K, Zhu Z	J Orthop Res	10.1002/jor.20917	2009	Alloys, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Berberine/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, *Titanium
Pathogenicity	20002576	Human cathelicidin peptide LL37 inhibits both attachment capability and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Hell E, Giske CG, Nelson A, Romling U, Marchini G	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02778.x	2009	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Cathelicidins/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Equipment Contamination/prevention & control, Humans, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*growth & development
Pathogenicity	20205969	Observing the biofilm matrix of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 grown using the CDC biofilm reactor.	Williams DL, Bloebaum RD	Microsc Microanal	10.1017/S143192760999136X	2010	Biofilms/growth & development, Extracellular Matrix/metabolism/ultrastructure, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology/*ultrastructure	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	20375748	Contact lens hydrophobicity and roughness effects on bacterial adhesion.	Giraldez MJ, Resua CG, Lira M, Oliveira ME, Magarinos B, Toranzo AE, Yebra-Pimentel E	Optom Vis Sci	10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181da8656	2010	Bacterial Adhesion, Contact Lenses/adverse effects/microbiology, Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic/adverse effects/microbiology, Detergents, Humans, Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Microscopy, Atomic Force/methods, Silicones, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology, Surface Properties, Water
Pathogenicity	20414650	Control of biofilm formation by poly-ethylene-co-vinyl acetate films incorporating nisin.	Nostro A, Scaffaro R, Ginestra G, D'Arrigo M, Botta L, Marino A, Bisignano G	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-010-2598-z	2010	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Food Packaging/instrumentation, Listeria monocytogenes/drug effects/physiology, Nisin/pharmacology, Polyvinyls/chemistry, Staphylococcus/drug effects/*physiology
Pathogenicity	20572203	MRT letter: Spatial distribution of vancomycin-induced damage in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm: an electron microscopic study.	Singh R, Ray P, Das A, Sharma M	Microsc Res Tech	10.1002/jemt.20871	2010	Amikacin/pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/ultrastructure, Vancomycin/*pharmacology
Pathogenicity	20615927	Penetration of antibiotics through Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms.	Singh R, Ray P, Das A, Sharma M	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkq257	2010	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Culture Media/chemistry, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/*physiology, Temperature, Time Factors	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	21205098	Effect of allicin on the production of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin in Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Cruz-Villalon G, Perez-Giraldo C	J Appl Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04929.x	2011	Biofilms/drug effects, Disulfides, Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/metabolism, Sulfinic Acids/pharmacology	Metabolism
Metabolism	21243516	In vitro adhesion of staphylococci to diamond-like carbon polymer hybrids under dynamic flow conditions.	Soininen A, Levon J, Katsikogianni M, Myllymaa K, Lappalainen R, Konttinen YT, Kinnari TJ, Tiainen VM, Missirlis Y	J Mater Sci Mater Med	10.1007/s10856-011-4231-9	2011	Bacterial Adhesion, Biocompatible Materials/chemistry, Carbon/chemistry, Chromium/chemistry, Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry, Dimethylpolysiloxanes/chemistry, In Vitro Techniques, Microscopy, Confocal/methods, Nanocomposites/chemistry, Polymers/*chemistry, Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/metabolism, Surface Properties, Tantalum/chemistry, Titanium/chemistry
Phylogeny	21415203	Evidence for persisters in Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62a planktonic cultures and biofilms.	Shapiro JA, Nguyen VL, Chamberlain NR	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.026013-0	2011	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacteriological Techniques, Biofilms/growth & development, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Levofloxacin, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Confocal, Ofloxacin/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/classification/drug effects/physiology, Surface Properties, Time Factors, Vancomycin/pharmacology	Pathogenicity
Pathogenicity	21467179	The effect of nondialyzable material (NDM) cranberry extract on formation of contact lens biofilm by Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Leshem R, Maharshak I, Ben Jacob E, Ofek I, Kremer I	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci	10.1167/iovs.10-5335	2011	Bacterial Adhesion, Biofilms, Colony Count, Microbial, Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic/microbiology, Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology/pathology/prevention & control, Humans, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Plant Extracts, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology/pathology/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology, *Vaccinium macrocarpon
	21508677	Development of a rat central venous catheter model for evaluation of vaccines to prevent Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus early biofilms.	Ebert T, Smith S, Pancari G, Wu X, Zorman J, Clark D, Cook J, Burns C, Antonello JM, Cope L, Nagy E, Meinke A, McNeely T	Hum Vaccin	10.4161/hv.7.6.15407	2011	Animals, Biofilms, Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control, Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects, Female, Models, Animal, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, Staphylococcal Vaccines/immunology, Staphylococcus aureus/immunology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*immunology
Pathogenicity	21816945	Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. ethanol extract and rhodomyrtone: a potential strategy for the treatment of biofilm-forming staphylococci.	Saising J, Ongsakul M, Voravuthikunchai SP	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.033092-0	2011	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbial Viability/drug effects, Myrtaceae, Plant Extracts/pharmacology, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology, Vancomycin/pharmacology, Xanthones/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	22014946	The use of quaternised chitosan-loaded PMMA to inhibit biofilm formation and downregulate the virulence-associated gene expression of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus.	Tan H, Peng Z, Li Q, Xu X, Guo S, Tang T	Biomaterials	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.084	2011	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Biocompatible Materials/chemistry/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Bone Cements/chemistry, Chitosan/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/pharmacology, Down-Regulation, Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Gentamicins/pharmacology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/genetics/pathogenicity, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Confocal, Penicillin-Binding Proteins, Polymethyl Methacrylate/chemistry, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/genetics/pathogenicity, Up-Regulation	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	22231397	Thiazolidione derivatives targeting the histidine kinase YycG are effective against both planktonic and biofilm-associated Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Huang RZ, Zheng LK, Liu HY, Pan B, Hu J, Zhu T, Wang W, Jiang DB, Wu Y, Wu YC, Han SQ, Qu D	Acta Pharmacol Sin	10.1038/aps.2011.166	2012	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Histidine Kinase, Plankton/drug effects, Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology, Protein Kinases/metabolism, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/metabolism, Thiazoles/*pharmacology	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	22237941	Holo and apo-transferrins interfere with adherence to abiotic surfaces and with adhesion/invasion to HeLa cells in Staphylococcus spp.	Artini M, Scoarughi GL, Cellini A, Papa R, Barbato G, Selan L	Biometals	10.1007/s10534-011-9514-6	2012	Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, HeLa Cells, Humans, Protein Isoforms/pharmacology, Staphylococcus/drug effects/physiology, Transferrins/*pharmacology
Genetics	22489028	Antimicrobial peptide incorporated poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels for the prevention of Staphylococcus epidermidis-associated biomaterial infections.	Laverty G, Gorman SP, Gilmore BF	J Biomed Mater Res A	10.1002/jbm.a.34132	2012	Amino Acid Sequence, Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry, Biocompatible Materials, Hydrogels, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptides/chemistry, Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification/pathogenicity	Enzymology
	22919409	Inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Formation by Traditional Thai Herbal Recipes Used for Wound Treatment.	Chusri S, Sompetch K, Mukdee S, Jansrisewangwong S, Srichai T, Maneenoon K, Limsuwan S, Voravuthikunchai SP	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2012/159797	2012
Pathogenicity	23273885	Human beta-defensin 3 inhibits antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus biofilm formation.	Zhu C, Tan H, Cheng T, Shen H, Shao J, Guo Y, Shi S, Zhang X	J Surg Res	10.1016/j.jss.2012.11.048	2012	Bacterial Proteins/metabolism, Biofilms/drug effects, Cell Adhesion, Gene Expression, Humans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Operon, Penicillin-Binding Proteins, Phenotype, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Titanium, beta-Defensins/pharmacology	Phenotype
Pathogenicity	23521926	Characterization of a complex context containing mecA but lacking genes encoding cassette chromosome recombinases in Staphylococcus haemolyticus.	Zong Z	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-13-64	2013	Bacterial Proteins/genetics, Chromosomes, Bacterial, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/genetics, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Recombinases/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus haemolyticus/enzymology/genetics/isolation & purification, Synteny	Genetics
Pathogenicity	23543429	High-throughput screening for small-molecule inhibitors of Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62a biofilms.	Panmanee W, Taylor D, Shea CJ, Tang H, Nelson S, Seibel W, Papoian R, Kramer R, Hassett DJ, Lamkin TJ	J Biomol Screen	10.1177/1087057113481499	2013	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods, Microscopy, Confocal, Small Molecule Libraries, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects/physiology
Pathogenicity	23611308	In vitro susceptibility to antibiotics of staphylococci in biofilms isolated from orthopaedic infections.	Molina-Manso D, del Prado G, Ortiz-Perez A, Manrubia-Cobo M, Gomez-Barrena E, Cordero-Ampuero J, Esteban J	Int J Antimicrob Agents	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.018	2013	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/isolation & purification/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/isolation & purification/physiology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	23663080	Design, synthesis and antistaphylococcal activity of marine pyrrole alkaloid derivatives.	Rane RA, Sahu NU, Shah CP, Shah NK	J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem	10.3109/14756366.2013.793183	2013	Alkaloids/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Drug Design, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Hydrazones/chemistry, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/growth & development, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbial Viability/drug effects, Porifera/chemistry, Pyrroles/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/growth & development, Thiazolidines/chemistry, Vancomycin/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	23795974	Enhanced pathogenicity of biofilm-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from platelet preparations.	Hodgson SD, Greco-Stewart V, Jimenez CS, Sifri CD, Brassinga AK, Ramirez-Arcos S	Transfusion	10.1111/trf.12308	2013	Animals, Bacterial Proteins/genetics, Biofilms/growth & development, Biological Assay/methods, Blood Platelets/microbiology, Caenorhabditis elegans/microbiology, Gene Deletion, Humans, Platelet Transfusion/standards, Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism, Staphylococcal Infections/blood/prevention & control, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics/isolation & purification/pathogenicity, Virulence	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	24086164	Dealing with the evolutionary downside of CRISPR immunity: bacteria and beneficial plasmids.	Jiang W, Maniv I, Arain F, Wang Y, Levin BR, Marraffini LA	PLoS Genet	10.1371/journal.pgen.1003844	2013	Bacteriophages/genetics, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/genetics/immunology, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Genetic Fitness, Host-Parasite Interactions/genetics, Immunity/genetics, Plasmids/genetics/physiology, Sequence Deletion/genetics, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*genetics/immunology
Pathogenicity	24111986	Mevalonolactone: an inhibitor of Staphylococcus epidermidis adherence and biofilm formation.	Scopel M, Abraham WR, Antunes AL, Henriques AT, Macedo AJ	Med Chem	10.2174/15734064113096660055	2014	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects/physiology, Biofilms/drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Mevalonic Acid/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Particle Size, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects/growth & development/physiology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Surface Properties
Metabolism	24187086	Genetic characterization of antiplasmid immunity through a type III-A CRISPR-Cas system.	Hatoum-Aslan A, Maniv I, Samai P, Marraffini LA	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.01130-13	2013	CRISPR-Cas Systems, DNA Mutational Analysis, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Genes, Bacterial, Plasmids, RNA, Small Interfering/genetics/metabolism, Ribonucleoproteins/genetics/metabolism, Sequence Deletion, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics
Pathogenicity	24222755	Comparison of biofilm and attachment mechanisms of a phytopathological and clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae Subsp. pneumoniae.	Nicolau Korres AM, Aquije GM, Buss DS, Ventura JA, Fernandes PM, Fernandes AA	ScientificWorldJournal	10.1155/2013/925375	2013	Ananas/microbiology, Bacterial Adhesion, Biofilms/growth & development, Humans, Klebsiella Infections/microbiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification/pathogenicity/*physiology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	24236547	Antibacterial activity of gemini quaternary ammonium salts.	Oblak E, Piecuch A, Guz-Regner K, Dworniczek E	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/1574-6968.12331	2013	Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacteria/drug effects, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Hemolysis/drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutagenicity Tests, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/chemistry/*pharmacology, Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects, Sheep
Pathogenicity	24283764	Bacterial adherence to different meshes used in abdominal surgery.	Perez-Tanoira R, Isea-Pena MC, Celdran A, Garcia-Vasquez C, Esteban J	Surg Infect (Larchmt)	10.1089/sur.2013.032	2013	Abdominal Cavity/surgery, Bacteria/isolation & purification, Bacterial Adhesion, Bacterial Load, Digestive System Surgical Procedures/instrumentation, Humans, Polypropylenes, Surgical Mesh/*microbiology	Enzymology
	25025495	Nanoscopic vibrations of bacteria with different cell-wall properties adhering to surfaces under flow and static conditions.	Song L, Sjollema J, Sharma PK, Kaper HJ, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ	ACS Nano	10.1021/nn5030253	2014	Bacterial Adhesion, Cell Wall, Glass/chemistry, Nanotechnology, Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques, Staphylococcus aureus/chemistry/cytology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/chemistry/cytology, Surface Properties, Vibration
Pathogenicity	25036788	Photodynamic inactivation of bacteria and viruses using two monosubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines.	Ke MR, Eastel JM, Ngai KL, Cheung YY, Chan PK, Hui M, Ng DK, Lo PC	Eur J Med Chem	10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.022	2014	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Escherichia coli/drug effects, Indoles/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Isoindoles, Methicillin Resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Structure, Organometallic Compounds/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Structure-Activity Relationship, Zinc Compounds
Pathogenicity	25179448	Effect of surface roughness of biomaterials on Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion.	Yoda I, Koseki H, Tomita M, Shida T, Horiuchi H, Sakoda H, Osaki M	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-014-0234-2	2014	Bacterial Adhesion, Biocompatible Materials, Colony Count, Microbial, Humans, Microbial Viability, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology, Surface Properties
Pathogenicity	25264285	Biofilm eradication kinetics of the ultrashort lipopeptide C12 -OOWW-NH2 utilizing a modified MBEC Assay().	Laverty G, Gorman SP, Gilmore BF	Chem Biol Drug Des	10.1111/cbdd.12441	2014	Amino Acid Sequence, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects, Escherichia coli/drug effects/physiology, Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects/physiology, Lipopeptides/chemistry/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	25282671	Biological evaluation of halogenated thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-3-one carboxylic acid derivatives targeting the YycG histidine kinase.	Zhao D, Chen C, Liu H, Zheng L, Tong Y, Qu D, Han S	Eur J Med Chem	10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.096	2014	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Biofilms, Carboxylic Acids/chemistry, Halogens/chemistry, Hemolysis/drug effects, Histidine Kinase, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Protein Kinases/drug effects, Pyrimidines/chemistry/pharmacology, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Thiazoles/chemistry
	25299658	Early staphylococcal biofilm formation on solid orthopaedic implant materials: in vitro study.	Koseki H, Yonekura A, Shida T, Yoda I, Horiuchi H, Morinaga Y, Yanagihara K, Sakoda H, Osaki M, Tomita M	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0107588	2014	Alloys/therapeutic use, Bacterial Adhesion/physiology, Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use, Biofilms/growth & development, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Orthopedics/methods, Prostheses and Implants/microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/growth & development, Surface Properties
Pathogenicity	25656002	Compounds from Geijera parviflora with prostaglandin E2 inhibitory activity may explain its traditional use for pain relief.	Banbury LK, Shou Q, Renshaw DE, Lambley EH, Griesser HJ, Mon H, Wohlmuth H	J Ethnopharmacol	10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.033	2015	3T3 Cells, Analgesics/pharmacology, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology, Australia, Cell Line, Cell Survival/drug effects, Dinoprostone/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism, Escherichia coli/drug effects, Lipopolysaccharides, Medicine, Traditional, Mice, Nitric Oxide/metabolism, Pain/drug therapy, Plant Extracts/pharmacology, Plant Leaves, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects, *Rutaceae, Staphylococcus/drug effects, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	25749322	Cadmium modulates biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Wu X, Santos RR, Fink-Gremmels J	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph120302878	2015	Biofilms/drug effects, Cadmium/pharmacology, Microbial Viability, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects
	25821995	Staphylococcus epidermidis Affinity for Fibrinogen-Coated Surfaces Correlates with the Abundance of the SdrG Adhesin on the Cell Surface.	Vanzieleghem T, Herman-Bausier P, Dufrene YF, Mahillon J	Langmuir	10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00360	2015	Bacterial Adhesion, Bacterial Proteins/chemistry, Carrier Proteins/chemistry, Fibrinogen/chemistry, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Particle Size, Single-Cell Analysis, Staphylococcus epidermidis/chemistry/cytology, Surface Properties
	25838894	Analyzing the antibacterial effects of food ingredients: model experiments with allicin and garlic extracts on biofilm formation and viability of Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Wu X, Santos RR, Fink-Gremmels J	Food Sci Nutr	10.1002/fsn3.199	2015
Metabolism	26364721	Primary processing of CRISPR RNA by the endonuclease Cas6 in Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Wakefield N, Rajan R, Sontheimer EJ	FEBS Lett	10.1016/j.febslet.2015.09.005	2015	Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Base Sequence, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/genetics, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Endonucleases/genetics/metabolism, Models, Genetic, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism, RNA Precursors/genetics/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics/metabolism, Substrate Specificity	Enzymology
Metabolism	26370163	Comparative analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains utilizing quantitative and cell surface shaving proteomics.	Solis N, Cain JA, Cordwell SJ	J Proteomics	10.1016/j.jprot.2015.09.011	2015	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry, Bacterial Proteins/chemistry, Biofilms, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Cell Membrane/metabolism, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Ethionine/chemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Methionine/chemistry, Phenotype, Polysaccharides/chemistry, Proteome/metabolism, Proteomics/methods, Species Specificity, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*metabolism, Sulfates/chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Trypsin/chemistry, Virulence	Proteome
Enzymology	26455175	[FUNCTION OF INTERCELLULAR ADHESION A, FIBRINOGEN BINDING PROTEIN, AND ACCUMULATION-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN GENES IN FORMATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS-CANDIDA ALBICANS MIXED SPECIES BIOFILMS].	Wang X, Chen Y, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Zhao G, Ye L, Lei Y, Tang Q	Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi		2015	Bacterial Adhesion, Biofilms/growth & development, Candida albicans/genetics/isolation & purification/physiology, Carrier Proteins/genetics, Coculture Techniques, Fibrinogen/genetics, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*genetics/isolation & purification/physiology	Phylogeny
Pathogenicity	26510312	Inhibition of Bacterial Attachment on Surfaces by Immobilization of Tobramycin-Loaded Liposomes.	Mourtas S, Diamanti G, Foka A, Dracopoulos V, Klepetsanis P, Stamouli V, Spiliopoulou I, Antimisiaris SG	J Biomed Nanotechnol	10.1166/jbn.2015.2160	2015	Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Gold/chemistry, Liposomes, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology, Surface Properties, Tobramycin/administration & dosage/chemistry/*pharmacology
Pathogenicity	26520337	Sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B on biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in planktonic condition.	Wang X, Leung AW, Hua H, Xu C, Ip M	J Acoust Soc Am	10.1121/1.4932014	2015	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Load, Biofilms/drug effects, Cell Membrane/drug effects, Disinfection/methods, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Perylene/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Quinones/pharmacology, Random Allocation, Reactive Oxygen Species, Sonication/methods, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/growth & development, Suspensions, Vancomycin/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	26715638	[Effects of inhibitory peptide of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on adhesion and biofilm formation of this bacterium].	Ouyang J, Xiong L, Feng W, Sun F, Chen Y	Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi		2015	Bacterial Adhesion, Biofilms/growth & development, Humans, Microscopy, Confocal, Peptides, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics/metabolism/*physiology	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	26749812	Medicinal Plants Used by a Mbya-Guarani Tribe Against Infections: Activity on KPC-Producing Isolates and Biofilm-Forming Bacteria.	Brandelli CL, Ribeiro VB, Zimmer KR, Barth AL, Tasca T, Macedo AJ	Nat Prod Commun		2015	Bacterial Proteins/metabolism, Biofilms/drug effects, Brazil, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects/enzymology/physiology, Medicine, Traditional, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Plant Extracts/pharmacology, Plants, Medicinal/chemistry, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects/physiology, beta-Lactamases/metabolism	Metabolism
Pathogenicity	27352339	Study on the Structure of Candida Albicans-Staphylococcus Epidermidis Mixed Species Biofilm on Polyvinyl Chloride Biomaterial.	Chen Y, Wang XY, Huang YC, Zhao GQ, Lei YJ, Ye LH, Huang QB, Duan WS	Cell Biochem Biophys	10.1007/s12013-015-0672-y	2015	Biocompatible Materials/chemistry/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Candida albicans/physiology, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Models, Biological, Polyvinyl Chloride/chemistry/pharmacology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*physiology
Pathogenicity	27384949	Development of X-ray micro-focus computed tomography to image and quantify biofilms in central venous catheter models in vitro.	Niehaus WL, Howlin RP, Johnston DA, Bull DJ, Jones GL, Calton E, Mavrogordato MN, Clarke SC, Thurner PJ, Faust SN, Stoodley P	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.000334	2016	Biofilms, Catheter-Related Infections/microbiology, Central Venous Catheters/microbiology, Humans, Staphylococcal Infections/diagnostic imaging/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*physiology/ultrastructure, Tomography
	27441772	11. Bactericidal Activity of Photocatalytic TiO2 Excited by Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS): An In Vitro Study.	Noguchi C, Koseki H	J Orthop Trauma	10.1097/01.bot.0000489984.25082.82	2016
Enzymology	27645240	In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of a Bi-Aryl Oxazolidinone, RBx 11760, against Gram-Positive Bacteria.	Barman TK, Kumar M, Mathur T, Chaira T, Ramkumar G, Kalia V, Rao M, Pandya M, Yadav AS, Das B, Upadhyay DJ, Hamidullah, Konwar R, Raj VS, Singh H	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.00453-16	2016	Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Biofilms, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods, Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects/genetics, Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy, Linezolid/pharmacology, Male, Mice, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Neutropenia/drug therapy/microbiology, Organophosphates/pharmacology, Oxazoles/pharmacology, Oxazolidinones/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology, Pyelonephritis/drug therapy/microbiology, Rats, Wistar, Skin Diseases, Bacterial/drug therapy	Pathogenicity
	27784450	[Estradiol stimulates the growth and biofilm formation of clinical Staphylococcus epidermidis].	Wang X, Zhou YC, Huang YC, Zou TN, Lu ZY, Chen Y, Liu X, Duan WS	Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi	10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.38.010	2016	Biofilms, Estradiol, Microscopy, Confocal, Staphylococcus epidermidis
Pathogenicity	27999440	Antibacterial effect of antibiotic-loaded SBA-15 on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Aguilar-Colomer A, Doadrio JC, Perez-Jorge C, Manzano M, Vallet-Regi M, Esteban J	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.1038/ja.2016.154	2016	Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Bacterial Load, Biocompatible Materials, Biofilms/drug effects, Ceramics, Drug Combinations, Drug Delivery Systems, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Rifampin/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Silicon Dioxide/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology, Vancomycin/administration & dosage/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	28259957	Photodynamic inactivation of fibroblasts and inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion and biofilm formation by toluidine blue O.	Li X, Liu Z, Liu H, Chen X, Liu Y, Tan H	Mol Med Rep	10.3892/mmr.2017.6184	2017	Animals, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Fibroblasts/drug effects, Humans, Mice, Photochemotherapy, Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology, Staphylococcal Skin Infections/drug therapy, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Tolonium Chloride/pharmacology
Pathogenicity	28343241	In vitro activity of alpha-mangostin in killing and eradicating Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A biofilms.	Sivaranjani M, Prakash M, Gowrishankar S, Rathna J, Pandian SK, Ravi AV	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-017-8231-7	2017	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbial Viability/drug effects, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Plankton/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/ultrastructure, Vancomycin/pharmacology, Xanthones/*pharmacology
Pathogenicity	28744944	Violacein antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus epidermidis and synergistic effect on commercially available antibiotics.	Dodou HV, de Morais Batista AH, Sales GWP, de Medeiros SC, Rodrigues ML, Nogueira PCN, Silveira ER, Nogueira NAP	J Appl Microbiol	10.1111/jam.13547	2017	Anti-Bacterial Agents/economics/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Drug Synergism, Indoles/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Staphylococcus epidermidis/*drug effects/physiology
Metabolism	28822159	[Effect of sodium houttuyfonate in combination with erythromycin on luxS, agr/RNA of Staphylococus epidermidis].	Xu GF, Wang JJ, Wu DQ, Guan Y	Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi	10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2017.0094	2017	Alkanes/pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins/metabolism, Biofilms, Carbon-Sulfur Lyases/metabolism, Erythromycin/pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, RNA, Bacterial/metabolism, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Sulfites/pharmacology, Vancomycin/pharmacology	Pathogenicity
Pathogenicity	28836084	Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on bacterial biofilms.	Koibuchi H, Fujii Y, Hirai Y, Mochizuki T, Masuda K, Kotani K, Yamada T, Taniguchi N	J Med Ultrason (2001)	10.1007/s10396-017-0801-x	2017	Biofilms/radiation effects, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology/radiation effects, *Ultrasonic Waves
Pathogenicity	29024774	Evaluation of antibacterial potential of mangrove sediment-derived actinomycetes.	Sangkanu S, Rukachaisirikul V, Suriyachadkun C, Phongpaichit S	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.010	2017	Acetates, Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects, Actinobacteria/classification/cytology/isolation & purification/metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacteria/drug effects, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Biofilms/drug effects, Chromobacterium/drug effects/metabolism, DNA, Bacterial/genetics, DNA, Ribosomal/genetics, Escherichia coli/drug effects, Fermentation, Geologic Sediments/*microbiology, Indoles/metabolism, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phylogeny, Quorum Sensing/drug effects, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Thailand, Water Microbiology, Wetlands	Phylogeny
Pathogenicity	29215338	Evaluation of Antimicrobial Durability and Anti-Biofilm Effects in Urinary Catheters Against Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates and Reference Strains.	Kart D, Kustimur AS, Sagiroglu M, Kalkanci A	Balkan Med J	10.4274/balkanmedj.2016.1853	2017	Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Catheter-Related Infections/microbiology/prevention & control, Catheters, Indwelling/microbiology, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects/isolation & purification, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Nitrofurazone/pharmacology, Silicones, Silver, Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects, Urinary Tract Infections/*microbiology/prevention & control	Enzymology
	29581066	No lower bacterial adhesion for ceramics compared to other biomaterials: An in vitro analysis.	Slullitel PA, Buttaro MA, Greco G, Onativia JI, Sanchez ML, Mc Loughlin S, Garcia-Avila C, Comba F, Zanotti G, Piccaluga F	Orthop Traumatol Surg Res	10.1016/j.otsr.2018.03.003	2018	Antibiosis, Bacterial Adhesion, Biocompatible Materials, Ceramics, Chromium, Cobalt, Escherichia coli/physiology, Joint Prosthesis/microbiology, Metals, *Polyethylene, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology, Staphylococcus aureus/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology, Symbiosis, Titanium
Pathogenicity	29771236	Can dalbavancin be used as a catheter lock solution?	Diaz-Ruiz C, Alonso B, Cercenado E, Cruces R, Bouza E, Munoz P, Guembe M	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.000749	2018	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Load, Biofilms/drug effects, Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control, Catheterization/methods, Catheters/microbiology, Disinfection/methods, Heparin/pharmacology, Humans, Methicillin Resistance, Microbial Viability/drug effects, Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Teicoplanin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Vancomycin/pharmacology
	29786326	[Effect of estradiol on biofilm formation of staphylococcus epidermidis after breast implant surgery].	Wang X, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Liu D, Lu Z, Ye L, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen P, Wang Z	Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi	10.7507/1002-1892.20160178	2016
Phylogeny	29869093	Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Streptomyces cavourensis YBQ59 Isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Prels in Yen Bai Province of Vietnam.	Vu HT, Nguyen DT, Nguyen HQ, Chu HH, Chu SK, Chau MV, Phi QT	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-018-1517-x	2018	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival/drug effects, Cinnamomum aromaticum/microbiology, Humans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/growth & development, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Phylogeny, Streptomyces/chemistry/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Vietnam	Pathogenicity
Genetics	29933729	[Comparison of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics in biofilm production of Staphylococcus aureus isolates].	Sahin R, Kaleli I	Mikrobiyol Bul	10.5578/mb.66773	2018	Biofilms, Genes, Bacterial/genetics, Genotype, Phenotype, Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicity/physiology, Virulence Factors/genetics	Phenotype
	30035094	Bacterial inhibition potential of quaternised chitosan-coated VICRYL absorbable suture: An in vitro and in vivo study.	Yang Y, Yang SB, Wang YG, Zhang SH, Yu ZF, Tang TT	J Orthop Translat	10.1016/j.jot.2016.10.001	2016
Pathogenicity	30338533	Antibiofilm activity of three Actinomycete strains against Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Xie TT, Zeng H, Ren XP, Wang N, Chen ZJ, Zhang Y, Chen W	Lett Appl Microbiol	10.1111/lam.13087	2018	Actinobacteria/classification/metabolism, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Biological Control Agents/pharmacology, Cattle, Female, Humans, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions/drug effects, Mastitis, Bovine/drug therapy/microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/growth & development	Phylogeny
Pathogenicity	30782573	Oxidative functionalization of a halimane diterpenoid achieved by fungal transformation.	Monteiro AF, Righetto GM, Simoes LV, Almeida LC, Costa-Lotufo LV, Camargo ILBDC, Castro-Gamboa I	Bioorg Chem	10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.021	2019	Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Ascomycota/cytology/metabolism, Biofilms/drug effects, Cell Proliferation/drug effects, Cell Survival/drug effects, Diterpenes/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Fusarium/cytology/metabolism, HCT116 Cells, Humans, Hypocreales/cytology/*metabolism, MCF-7 Cells, Molecular Structure, Oxidation-Reduction, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects, Structure-Activity Relationship	Metabolism
	30874395	[The inhibition of accessory gene regulator C specific binding peptides on biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on the surface of polyvinyl chloride in vitro].	Yang J, Qiu L, Huang Y, Chen Y, Rao S, Ruan W, Zhao G, Ye L	Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi	10.7507/1002-1892.201806110	2019	Biofilms, Genes, Bacterial, Genes, Regulator, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Peptides/pharmacology, Polyvinyl Chloride, Staphylococcus epidermidis/growth & development
	30905995	A Comparison of Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Commonly Used Orthopaedic Metal Implant Materials: An In vitro Study.	Malhotra R, Dhawan B, Garg B, Shankar V, Nag TC	Indian J Orthop	10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_66_18	2019
	31126084	Interaction between Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Amino Acids: Influence on the Antibacterial Activity.	Badetti E, Calgaro L, Falchi L, Bonetto A, Bettiol C, Leonetti B, Ambrosi E, Zendri E, Marcomini A	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano9050792	2019
Pathogenicity	31470047	Total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides and matrine inhibit auto-inducer 2 in the biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Jia F, Zhou Q, Li X, Zhou X	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103698	2019	Alkaloids/isolation & purification/pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/drug effects, Homoserine/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors, Lactones/antagonists & inhibitors, Quorum Sensing/drug effects, Sophora/chemistry, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/growth & development	Enzymology
Pathogenicity	31754198	Smart antimicrobial efficacy employing pH-sensitive ZnO-doped diamond-like carbon coatings.	Buchegger S, Kamenac A, Fuchs S, Herrmann R, Houdek P, Gorzelanny C, Obermeier A, Heller S, Burgkart R, Stritzker B, Wixforth A, Westerhausen C	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-019-53521-7	2019	Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Bacteria/drug effects, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Carbon/chemistry, Cell Line, Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry, Fibroblasts/drug effects/microbiology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Methicillin/pharmacology, Mice, Nanoparticles/chemistry, Oxacillin/pharmacology, Prostheses and Implants, Surface Properties/drug effects, Zinc Oxide/chemistry/*pharmacology
	32010069	A New Antibiotic-Loaded Sol-Gel Can Prevent Bacterial Prosthetic Joint Infection: From in vitro Studies to an in vivo Model.	Aguilera-Correa JJ, Garcia-Casas A, Mediero A, Romera D, Mulero F, Cuevas-Lopez I, Jimenez-Morales A, Esteban J	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.02935	2020
	32261520	Synthesis and antibacterial properties of a hybrid of silver-potato starch nanocapsules by miniemulsion/polyaddition polymerization.	Taheri S, Baier G, Majewski P, Barton M, Forch R, Landfester K, Vasilev K	J Mater Chem B	10.1039/c3tb21690j	2014
	32262972	Enhanced osteogenic and selective antibacterial activities on micro-/nano-structured carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone.	Lu T, Li J, Qian S, Cao H, Ning C, Liu X	J Mater Chem B	10.1039/c6tb00268d	2016
Enzymology	32267888	Comparison of sonication with chemical biofilm dislodgement methods using chelating and reducing agents: Implications for the microbiological diagnosis of implant associated infection.	Karbysheva S, Di Luca M, Butini ME, Winkler T, Schutz M, Trampuz A	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0231389	2020	Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification, Bacterial Load/methods, Biofilms/drug effects, Calorimetry, Chelating Agents/pharmacology, Dithiothreitol/pharmacology, Edetic Acid/pharmacology, Escherichia coli/isolation & purification/physiology, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis/microbiology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification/physiology, Reducing Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Sodium Chloride/pharmacology, Sonication, Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification/physiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification/physiology	Phylogeny
	32988823	In Vitro Study To Evaluate the Bioactivity of Freezing a Heparin-Based Dalbavancin Lock Solution.	Rubia M, Cordero A, Perez-Granda MJ, Cercenado E, Pascual C, Munoz P, Guembe M	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.01495-20	2020	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Biofilms, Freezing, Heparin/pharmacology, *Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Teicoplanin/analogs & derivatives
Pathogenicity	33062698	Susceptibility of Mature Staphylococcus Biofilms to Chinese Herbal Decoction Sanhuang Jiedu: An In Vitro Study.	Zhang S, Wang X, Shi X, Tan H	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2020/7473942	2020	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects, Biofilms/drug effects, Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects, Staphylococcus aureus/*drug effects, Titanium
	33176843	Highly variable effect of sonication to dislodge biofilm-embedded Staphylococcus epidermidis directly quantified by epifluorescence microscopy: an in vitro model study.	Sandbakken ET, Witso E, Sporsheim B, Egeberg KW, Foss OA, Hoang L, Bjerkan G, Loseth K, Bergh K	J Orthop Surg Res	10.1186/s13018-020-02052-3	2020	Biofilms/growth & development, In Vitro Techniques, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Sonication/methods, Staphylococcus epidermidis/physiology, Time Factors
Pathogenicity	33378153	Cyanuric Chloride-Based Reactive Dyes for Use in the Antimicrobial Treatments of Polymeric Materials.	Tang R, Wen J, Stote RE, Sun Y	ACS Appl Mater Interfaces	10.1021/acsami.0c18613	2020	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/chemistry/pharmacology, Benzenesulfonates/chemistry, Biofilms/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects/physiology, Cellulose/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Coloring Agents/chemistry, Cotton Fiber, Escherichia coli/drug effects/physiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects/physiology, Triazines/chemistry
	33529773	Effectiveness of topical adjuvants in reducing biofilm formation on orthopedic implants: an in vitro analysis.	Kia C, Cusano A, Messina J, Muench LN, Chadayammuri V, McCarthy MB, Umejiego E, Mazzocca AD	J Shoulder Elbow Surg	10.1016/j.jse.2020.12.009	2021	Animals, Biofilms, Prostheses and Implants, *Prosthesis-Related Infections/prevention & control, Sheep, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis
	33553350	The effects of TGF-beta1 on staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation in a tree shrew biomaterial-centered infection model.	Lei Y, Xu Y, Jing P, Xiang B, Che K, Shen J, Ning M, Chen Y, Huang Y	Ann Transl Med	10.21037/atm-20-4526	2021
Biotechnology	33763049	Quercetin Inhibits Biofilm Formation by Decreasing the Production of EPS and Altering the Composition of EPS in Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Mu Y, Zeng H, Chen W	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.631058	2021
	34071001	Anodic Electrodeposition of Chitosan-AgNP Composites Using In Situ Coordination with Copper Ions.	Kharitonov DS, Kasach AA, Gibala A, Zimowska M, Kurilo II, Wrzesinska A, Szyk-Warszynska L, Warszynski P	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma14112754	2021
Pathogenicity	34668031	Correlation between type IIIA CRISPR-Cas system and SCCmec in Staphylococcus epidermidis.	Zhu T, Zhao Y	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-021-02595-x	2021	CRISPR-Cas Systems, Humans, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Phylogeny, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics	Phylogeny
Pathogenicity	34687814	The biofilm inhibition activity of a NO donor nanosilica with enhanced antibiotics action.	da Silva Filho PM, Andrade AL, Lopes JBAC, Pinheiro AA, de Vasconcelos MA, Fonseca SGDC, Lopes LGF, Sousa EHS, Teixeira EH, Longhinotti E	Int J Pharm	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121220	2021	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms, Humans, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology, Renal Dialysis, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus
	35590786	Convenient Preparation of Bactericidal Hydrogels by Covalent Attachment of Stabilized Antimicrobial Peptides Using Thiol-ene Click Chemistry.	Cleophas RTC, Riool M, Quarles van Ufford HLC, Zaat SAJ, Kruijtzer JAW, Liskamp RMJ	ACS Macro Lett	10.1021/mz5001465	2014
Pathogenicity	36232391	Role of RNAIII in Resistance to Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Agents in Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms.	Minich A, Liskova V, Kormanova L, Krahulec J, Sarkanova J, Mikulasova M, Levarski Z, Stuchlik S	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms231911094	2022	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Anti-Infective Agents, Biofilms, Gentian Violet, Humans, Oxacillin, Phenols, RNA, Bacterial, Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy/microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis/genetics

Reference

@id	authors	title	doi/url	catalogue	journal	pubmed
20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.	List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ	10.1099/ijsem.0.004332
20829	Curators of the DSMZ		https://www.dsmz.de/collection/catalogue/details/culture/DSM-28319	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH (DSM 28319)
42105	Curators of the CIP		https://brclims.pasteur.fr/brcWeb/souche/detail/1/17834
50644	Curators of the CCUG		https://www.ccug.se/strain?id=31568	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) (CCUG 31568)
66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann	Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information)	https://diaspora-project.de/progress.html#genomes
66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg	BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates	10.1093/nar/gkaa1025		Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498-D508 2020	33211880
68375		Automatically annotated from API ID32STA
68382		Automatically annotated from API zym
88433	Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.	StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers	10.60712/SI-ID41402.1
119106	Curators of the CIP		https://catalogue-crbip.pasteur.fr/fiche_catalogue.xhtml?crbip=CIP%20105777	Collection of Institut Pasteur (CIP 105777)

General

NCBI tax id

strain history

Name and taxonomic classification

LPSN

synonyms

Morphology

cell morphology

colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

culture medium

culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

oxygen tolerance

antibiogram

metabolite utilization

metabolite production

metabolite tests

enzymes

API zym

API ID32STA

API biotype100

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

isolation

isolation source categories

Safety information

risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome-based predictions

predictions

External links

straininfo link

literature

Reference