Psychrobacter arcticus (DSM 17307, CIP 109905, VKM B-2377)

Name: Psychrobacter arcticus (DSM 17307, CIP 109905, VKM B-2377)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 8203

Type strain

Strain Designation 273-4

Culture col. no. DSM 17307 CIP 109905 VKM B-2377 273-4

NCBI tax ID(s) 334543

Special Collections DSMZ CIP Literature strains

History DSMZ <- C. Bakermans, Center for Microbial Ecol. and NASA Astrobiol. Inst., Michigan State Univ., USA; 273-4 <- T. Vishnivetskaya, Dept. Food Sci., North Carolina State Univ., USA CIP <- 2008, DSMZ -> C. Bakermans, Center for Microbial Ecol. and NASA Astrobiol. Inst., Michigan, State Univ., USA: strain 273-4

Links

Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4 is an aerobe, Gram-negative, ovoid-shaped bacterium that was isolated from permafrost sediment cores.

Gram-negative ovoid-shaped aerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 297302

DSM 17307,VKM B-2377,CIP 109905

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:49

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Pseudomonadales

Family Moraxellaceae

Genus Psychrobacter

Species Psychrobacter arcticus

Full scientific name Psychrobacter arcticus Bakermans et al. 2006

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell length	Cell width	Cell shape	Confidence
31679	negative	1.62 µm	0.73 µm	ovoid-shaped
116479	negative			rod-shaped
125438	negative				100
125439	negative				97.929

Pigmentation

31679

Productionno

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
6889	BACTO MARINE BROTH (DIFCO 2216) (DSMZ Medium 514)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: BACTO MARINE BROTH (DIFCO 2216) (DSMZ Medium 514) Composition: NaCl 19.45 g/l MgCl2 5.9 g/l Bacto peptone 5.0 g/l Na2SO4 3.24 g/l CaCl2 1.8 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l KCl 0.55 g/l NaHCO3 0.16 g/l Fe(III) citrate 0.1 g/l KBr 0.08 g/l SrCl2 0.034 g/l H3BO3 0.022 g/l Na2HPO4 0.008 g/l Na-silicate 0.004 g/l NaF 0.0024 g/l (NH4)NO3 0.0016 g/l Distilled water
41745	Marine agar (MA)		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Marine agar (55.100 g)
116479	CIP Medium 13	Medium recipe at CIP
116479	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
6889	positive	growth	20
31679	positive	optimum	22
41745	positive	growth	20

Culture pH

@ref	Ability	Type	PH	PH range
31679	positive	optimum	07-09
31679	positive	growth	07-09	alkaliphile

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
31679	aerobe
116479	obligate aerobe
125439	obligate aerobe	99.398

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
31679
125439		99.564
125438		96.354

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
31679	NaCl	positive	growth	7.25 %
31679	NaCl	positive	optimum	7.25 %

Observation

31679

Observationaggregates in chains

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
31679	30089 ChEBI	acetate	+	carbon source
31679	29987 ChEBI	glutamate	+	carbon source
31679	24996 ChEBI	lactate	+	carbon source
31679	25017 ChEBI	leucine	+	carbon source
116479	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
116479	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
31679	15361 ChEBI	pyruvate	+	carbon source

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
116479	35581 ChEBI	indole

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	-	3.1.3.2	from API zym
31679	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
31679	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
116479	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
31679	cytochrome oxidase	+	1.9.3.1
68382	esterase (C 4)	-		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
116479	oxidase	+
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
116479	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
116479	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Aquatic	#Sediment
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Core sample
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Permafrost

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
6889	permafrost sediment cores	Siberia, Kolyma lowland	Russia	RUS	Asia
116479	Siberian permafrost		Russian Federation	RUS	Europe

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AY444822 (>99% sequence identity) for Psychrobacter from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	3187
Soil Samples	925
Animal Samples	3350
Plant Samples	172
Total Samples	7634

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
6889	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
116479	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM1230v1 assembly for Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4	complete	GCA_000012305	259536.19	637000226	259536	99.05

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
6889	Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4 small subunit ribosomal RNA (rrn) gene, partial sequence	AY444822	1504		259536

GC content

31679

GC-content (mol%)42.7

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM1230v1 assembly for Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4
BV-BRC: 259536.19

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	99.40	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	97.93	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	68.94	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.56	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4 273-4
NCBI: GCA_000012305.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	100.00	yes
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	97.80	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	84.56	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	96.35	yes
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	98.94	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	76.59	yes

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Comparative structural insight into the unidirectional catalysis of ornithine carbamoyltransferases from Psychrobacter sp. PAMC 21119.	Do H, Nguyen DL, Lee CW, Lee MJ, Oh H, Hwang J, Han SJ, Lee SG, Lee JH.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0274019	2022
Enzymology	Characterization of single-stranded DNA-binding proteins from the psychrophilic bacteria Desulfotalea psychrophila, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Psychrobacter arcticus, Psychrobacter cryohalolentis, Psychromonas ingrahamii, Psychroflexus torquis, and Photobacterium profundum.	Nowak M, Olszewski M, Spibida M, Kur J.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-14-91	2014
	Endophytic Bacterial Biofilm-Formers Associated with Antarctic Vascular Plants.	Iungin O, Prekrasna-Kviatkovska Y, Kalinichenko O, Moshynets O, Potters G, Sidorenko M, Savchuk Y, Mickevicius S.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12101938	2024
	Unraveling Evolutionary Insights into AVT Peptide Conservation and Antimicrobial Motif Prediction Across Taxa	Nagarajan G.	Int J Mol Sci		2025
	Discovery of the Lead Molecules Targeting the First Step of the Histidine Biosynthesis Pathway of Acinetobacter baumannii.	Ahmad N, Singh A, Gupta A, Pant P, Singh TP, Sharma S, Sharma P.	J Chem Inf Model	10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01421	2022
	Examining the Effects of Temperature on the Evolution of Bacterial tRNA Pools.	Jain V, Cope AL.	Genome Biol Evol	10.1093/gbe/evae116	2024
Proteome	Cytoplasmic fluidity and the cold life: proteome stability is decoupled from viability in psychrophiles.	Caviglia B, Timr S, Guiral M, Giudici-Orticoni MT, Seydel T, Beck C, Peters J, Sterpone F, Paciaroni A.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-65270-5	2025
	Why Do Empirical Valence Bond Simulations Yield Accurate Arrhenius Plots?	Oanca G, Aqvist J.	J Chem Theory Comput	10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00126	2024
	Efficient Empirical Valence Bond Simulations with GROMACS.	Oanca G, van der Ent F, Aqvist J.	J Chem Theory Comput	10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00714	2023
Enzymology	Kinetics and Structure of a Cold-Adapted Hetero-Octameric ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase.	Stroek R, Ge Y, Talbot PD, Glok MK, Bernas KE, Thomson CM, Gould ER, Alphey MS, Liu H, Florence GJ, Naismith JH, da Silva RG.	Biochemistry	10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01138	2017
Genetics	Inter-facility characterization of bacteria in seafood processing plants: Exploring potential reservoirs of spoilage organisms and the resistome.	Corral-Jara KF, Skirnisdottir S, Knobloch S, Briem H, Cobo-Diaz JF, Carlino N, Bergsten P, Armanini F, Asnicar F, Pinto F, Alvarez-Ordonez A, Segata N, Marteinsson VTh.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33866	2024
	Crystal Structure, Steady-State, and Pre-Steady-State Kinetics of Acinetobacter baumannii ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase.	Read BJ, Cadzow AF, Alphey MS, Mitchell JBO, da Silva RG.	Biochemistry	10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00551	2024
	Draft genome sequence of Psychrobacter sp. ENNN9_III, a strain isolated from water in a polluted temperate estuarine system (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal).	Gomes JC, Azevedo JS, Veras AA, Alves JT, Henriques I, Correia A, Silva AL, Carneiro AR.	Genom Data	10.1016/j.gdata.2016.02.013	2016
Enzymology	A New Cold-Adapted and Salt-Tolerant Glutathione Reductase from Antarctic Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. and Its Resistance to Oxidation.	Wang Y, Wang Q, Hou Y.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms21020420	2020
Enzymology	Principles of Cold Adaptation of Fish Lactate Dehydrogenases Revealed by Computer Simulations of the Catalytic Reaction.	Koenekoop L, Aqvist J.	Mol Biol Evol	10.1093/molbev/msad099	2023
	Structure and selectivity of a glutamate-specific TAXI TRAP binding protein from Vibrio cholerae.	Davies JFS, Daab A, Massouh N, Kirkland C, Strongitharm B, Leech A, Farre M, Thomas GH, Mulligan C.	J Gen Physiol	10.1085/jgp.202413584	2024
Metabolism	A Novel Cold-Adapted and Salt-Tolerant RNase R from Antarctic Sea-Ice Bacterium Psychrobacter sp. ANT206.	Wang Y, Hou Y, Nie P, Wang Y, Ren X, Wei Q, Wang Q.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules24122229	2019
Genetics	Genomic analyses reveal a low-temperature adapted clade in Halorubrum, a widespread haloarchaeon across global hypersaline environments.	Chen L, Hong T, Wu Z, Song W, Chen SX, Liu Y, Shen L.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-023-09597-7	2023
	Low-Temperature Biosurfactants from Polar Microbes.	Trudgeon B, Dieser M, Balasubramanian N, Messmer M, Foreman CM.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8081183	2020
	Bioprospecting the potential of the microbial community associated to Antarctic marine sediments for hydrocarbon bioremediation.	de Melo Carlos L, Camacho KF, Duarte AW, de Oliveira VM, Boroski M, Rosa LH, Vieira R, Neto AA, Ottoni JR, Passarini MRZ.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-023-01199-5	2024
	Allosteric activation unveils protein-mass modulation of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase product release.	Read BJ, Mitchell JBO, da Silva RG.	Commun Chem	10.1038/s42004-024-01165-8	2024
Genetics	Geography, niches, and transportation influence bovine respiratory microbiome and health.	Chai J, Liu X, Usdrowski H, Deng F, Li Y, Zhao J.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2022.961644	2022
Metabolism	An MTA phosphorylase gene discovered in the metagenomic library derived from Antarctic top soil during screening for lipolytic active clones confers strong pink fluorescence in the presence of rhodamine B.	Cieslinski H, Dlugolecka A, Kur J, Turkiewicz M.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01756.x	2009
	Identification of the csp gene and molecular modelling of the CspA-like protein from Antarctic soil-dwelling psychrotrophic bacterium Psychrobacter sp. B6.	Kaufman-Szymczyk A, Wojtasik A, Parniewski P, Bialkowska A, Tkaczuk K, Turkiewicz M.	Acta Biochim Pol	10.18388/abp.2009_2517	2009
	Comparative Modeling and Analysis of Extremophilic D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidases.	Diessner EM, Takahashi GR, Martin RW, Butts CT.	Biomolecules	10.3390/biom13020328	2023
	Engineering oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula toruloides for overproduction of fatty acid ethyl esters.	Zhang Y, Peng J, Zhao H, Shi S.	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-021-01965-3	2021
	Characterization of the MurT/GatD complex in Mycobacterium tuberculosis towards validating a novel anti-tubercular drug target.	Maitra A, Nukala S, Dickman R, Martin LT, Munshi T, Gupta A, Shepherd AJ, Arnvig KB, Tabor AB, Keep NH, Bhakta S.	JAC Antimicrob Resist	10.1093/jacamr/dlab028	2021
	Genomic and metabolic adaptations of biofilms to ecological windows of opportunity in glacier-fed streams.	Busi SB, Bourquin M, Fodelianakis S, Michoud G, Kohler TJ, Peter H, Pramateftaki P, Styllas M, Tolosano M, De Staercke V, Schon M, de Nies L, Marasco R, Daffonchio D, Ezzat L, Wilmes P, Battin TJ.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-022-29914-0	2022
Metabolism	Dual pathways of tRNA hydroxylation ensure efficient translation by expanding decoding capability.	Sakai Y, Kimura S, Suzuki T.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-019-10750-8	2019
	Allosteric rescue of catalytically impaired ATP phosphoribosyltransferase variants links protein dynamics to active-site electrostatic preorganisation.	Fisher G, Corbella M, Alphey MS, Nicholson J, Read BJ, Kamerlin SCL, da Silva RG.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-022-34960-9	2022
	Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of cold shock response in Kosmotoga olearia, a typical thermophile with an incredible minimum growth temperature at 20 °C.	Li X, Li D, Ma S, Yang Y.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-021-00662-5	2022
	Heterotrophic Sulfur Oxidation of Halomonas titanicae SOB56 and Its Habitat Adaptation to the Hydrothermal Environment.	Du R, Gao D, Wang Y, Liu L, Cheng J, Liu J, Zhang XH, Yu M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.888833	2022
	Use of NanoSIMS to Identify the Lower Limits of Metabolic Activity and Growth by Serratia liquefaciens Exposed to Sub-Zero Temperatures.	Schwendner P, Nguyen AN, Schuerger AC.	Life (Basel)	10.3390/life11050459	2021
	Application of Psychrotolerant Antarctic Bacteria and Their Metabolites as Efficient Plant Growth Promoting Agents.	Styczynski M, Biegniewski G, Decewicz P, Rewerski B, Debiec-Andrzejewska K, Dziewit L.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2022.772891	2022
Phylogeny	Cultivating the Bacterial Microbiota of Populus Roots.	Carper DL, Weston DJ, Barde A, Timm CM, Lu TY, Burdick LH, Jawdy SS, Klingeman DM, Robeson MS, Veach AM, Cregger MA, Kalluri UC, Schadt CW, Podar M, Doktycz MJ, Pelletier DA.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.01306-20	2021
	Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Psychrophilic vs. Mesophilic Bacterial Species Reveals Different Strategies to Achieve Temperature Adaptation.	Garcia-Descalzo L, Garcia-Lopez E, Cid C.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.841359	2022
	Dissecting the Mechanism of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase by Kinetic Isotope Effects, Protein Crystallography, and Computational Chemistry.	Machado TFG, Purg M, McMahon SA, Read BJ, Oehler V, Aqvist J, Gloster TM, da Silva RG.	ACS Catal	10.1021/acscatal.0c04736	2020
Metabolism	Sustainable production of FAEE biodiesel using the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica.	Yu A, Zhao Y, Li J, Li S, Pang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Xiao D.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.1051	2020
	Low Temperature Adaptation Is Not the Opposite Process of High Temperature Adaptation in Terms of Changes in Amino Acid Composition.	Yang LL, Tang SK, Huang Y, Zhi XY.	Genome Biol Evol	10.1093/gbe/evv232	2015
	The transcriptional response of microbial communities in thawing Alaskan permafrost soils.	Coolen MJ, Orsi WD.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2015.00197	2015
Metabolism	Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans SS3 presents little RNA transcript response related to cold stress during growth at 8 °C suggesting it is a eurypsychrophile.	Christel S, Fridlund J, Watkin EL, Dopson M.	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-016-0882-2	2016
	Microbial survival strategies in ancient permafrost: insights from metagenomics.	Mackelprang R, Burkert A, Haw M, Mahendrarajah T, Conaway CH, Douglas TA, Waldrop MP.	ISME J	10.1038/ismej.2017.93	2017
Metabolism	Structural and sequence analysis of imelysin-like proteins implicated in bacterial iron uptake.	Xu Q, Rawlings ND, Farr CL, Chiu HJ, Grant JC, Jaroszewski L, Klock HE, Knuth MW, Miller MD, Weekes D, Elsliger MA, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Wilson IA.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0021875	2011
	Genome-Wide Detection of Small Regulatory RNAs in Deep-Sea Bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3.	Nawaz MZ, Jian H, He Y, Xiong L, Xiao X, Wang F.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01093	2017
	Comparative Transcriptomics of Cold Growth and Adaptive Features of a Eury- and Steno-Psychrophile.	Raymond-Bouchard I, Tremblay J, Altshuler I, Greer CW, Whyte LG.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.01565	2018
Genetics	Genomic mechanisms for cold tolerance and production of exopolysaccharides in the Arctic cyanobacterium Phormidesmis priestleyi BC1401.	Chrismas NA, Barker G, Anesio AM, Sanchez-Baracaldo P.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-016-2846-4	2016
Metabolism	Structural and functional insights into TRiC chaperonin from a psychrophilic yeast, Glaciozyma antarctica.	Yusof NA, Kamaruddin S, Abu Bakar FD, Mahadi NM, Abdul Murad AM.	Cell Stress Chaperones	10.1007/s12192-019-00969-1	2019
	Bacterial growth at -15 °C; molecular insights from the permafrost bacterium Planococcus halocryophilus Or1.	Mykytczuk NC, Foote SJ, Omelon CR, Southam G, Greer CW, Whyte LG.	ISME J	10.1038/ismej.2013.8	2013
Metabolism	RNA helicases: diverse roles in prokaryotic response to abiotic stress.	Owttrim GW.	RNA Biol	10.4161/rna.22638	2013
	Cultural, Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Analyses of Water-Stressed Cells of Actinobacterial Strains Isolated from Compost: Ecological Implications in the Fed-Batch Composting Process.	Narihiro T, Kanosue Y, Hiraishi A.	Microbes Environ	10.1264/jsme2.me15199	2016
Metabolism	The Thermus thermophilus DEAD-box protein Hera is a general RNA binding protein and plays a key role in tRNA metabolism.	Donsbach P, Yee BA, Sanchez-Hevia D, Berenguer J, Aigner S, Yeo GW, Klostermeier D.	RNA	10.1261/rna.075580.120	2020
Metabolism	FlrA Represses Transcription of the Biofilm-Associated bpfA Operon in Shewanella putrefaciens.	Cheng YY, Wu C, Wu JY, Jia HL, Wang MY, Wang HY, Zou SM, Sun RR, Jia R, Xiao YZ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02410-16	2017
	The Microbial Olympics.	Youle M, Rohwer F, Stacy A, Whiteley M, Steel BC, Delalez NJ, Nord AL, Berry RM, Armitage JP, Kamoun S, Hogenhout S, Diggle SP, Gurney J, Pollitt EJ, Boetius A, Cary SC.	Nat Rev Microbiol	10.1038/nrmicro2837	2012
Metabolism	Amino acid substitutions in cold-adapted proteins from Halorubrum lacusprofundi, an extremely halophilic microbe from antarctica.	DasSarma S, Capes MD, Karan R, DasSarma P.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0058587	2013
	Omics profiles used to evaluate the gene expression of Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7 during cold adaptation.	Dall'Agnol HP, Barauna RA, de Sa PH, Ramos RT, Nobrega F, Nunes CI, das Gracas DA, Carneiro AR, Santos DM, Pimenta AM, Carepo MS, Azevedo V, Pellizari VH, Schneider MP, Silva A.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-15-986	2014
	Genome-based comparative analyses of Antarctic and temperate species of Paenibacillus.	Dsouza M, Taylor MW, Turner SJ, Aislabie J.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0108009	2014
Transcriptome	Microarray transcriptional profiling of Arctic Mesorhizobium strain N33 at low temperature provides insights into cold adaption strategies.	Ghobakhlou AF, Johnston A, Harris L, Antoun H, Laberge S.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-015-1611-4	2015
Genetics	Genomic and phenotypic insights into the ecology of Arthrobacter from Antarctic soils.	Dsouza M, Taylor MW, Turner SJ, Aislabie J.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-015-1220-2	2015
Phylogeny	Metagenomic analysis of stress genes in microbial mat communities from Antarctica and the High Arctic.	Varin T, Lovejoy C, Jungblut AD, Vincent WF, Corbeil J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.06354-11	2012
Genetics	Metagenomic characterization of ambulances across the USA.	O'Hara NB, Reed HJ, Afshinnekoo E, Harvin D, Caplan N, Rosen G, Frye B, Woloszynek S, Ounit R, Levy S, Butler E, Mason CE.	Microbiome	10.1186/s40168-017-0339-6	2017
Genetics	The mitochondrial genome sequence of the Tasmanian tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus).	Miller W, Drautz DI, Janecka JE, Lesk AM, Ratan A, Tomsho LP, Packard M, Zhang Y, McClellan LR, Qi J, Zhao F, Gilbert MT, Dalen L, Arsuaga JL, Ericson PG, Huson DH, Helgen KM, Murphy WJ, Gotherstrom A, Schuster SC.	Genome Res	10.1101/gr.082628.108	2009
	Sequence-based analysis of protein energy landscapes reveals nonuniform thermal adaptation within the proteome.	Gu J, Hilser VJ.	Mol Biol Evol	10.1093/molbev/msp140	2009
Metabolism	Transcriptomic analysis of (group I) Clostridium botulinum ATCC 3502 cold shock response.	Dahlsten E, Isokallio M, Somervuo P, Lindstrom M, Korkeala H.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0089958	2014
	Bioinformatic characterization of the trimeric intracellular cation-specific channel protein family.	Silverio AL, Saier MH.	J Membr Biol	10.1007/s00232-011-9364-8	2011
Metabolism	Functional features of TonB energy transduction systems of Acinetobacter baumannii.	Zimbler DL, Arivett BA, Beckett AC, Menke SM, Actis LA.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.00540-13	2013
	Geospatial Resolution of Human and Bacterial Diversity with City-Scale Metagenomics.	Afshinnekoo E, Meydan C, Chowdhury S, Jaroudi D, Boyer C, Bernstein N, Maritz JM, Reeves D, Gandara J, Chhangawala S, Ahsanuddin S, Simmons A, Nessel T, Sundaresh B, Pereira E, Jorgensen E, Kolokotronis SO, Kirchberger N, Garcia I, Gandara D, Dhanraj S, Nawrin T, Saletore Y, Alexander N, Vijay P, Henaff EM, Zumbo P, Walsh M, O'Mullan GD, Tighe S, Dudley JT, Dunaif A, Ennis S, O'Halloran E, Magalhaes TR, Boone B, Jones AL, Muth TR, Paolantonio KS, Alter E, Schadt EE, Garbarino J, Prill RJ, Carlton JM, Levy S, Mason CE.	Cell Syst	10.1016/j.cels.2015.01.001	2015
Metabolism	The structure of Mlc titration factor A (MtfA/YeeI) reveals a prototypical zinc metallopeptidase related to anthrax lethal factor.	Xu Q, Gohler AK, Kosfeld A, Carlton D, Chiu HJ, Klock HE, Knuth MW, Miller MD, Elsliger MA, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Jahreis K, Wilson IA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00038-12	2012
	Identification of gene products involved in biofilm production by Moraxella catarrhalis ETSU-9 in vitro.	Pearson MM, Hansen EJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.01347-06	2007
	Different evolutionary modifications as a guide to rewire two-component systems.	Krueger B, Friedrich T, Forster F, Bernhardt J, Gross R, Dandekar T.	Bioinform Biol Insights	10.4137/bbi.s9356	2012
	Physicochemical Approach to Understanding the Structure, Conformation, and Activity of Mannan Polysaccharides.	Casillo A, Fabozzi A, Russo Krauss I, Parrilli E, Biggs CI, Gibson MI, Lanzetta R, Appavou MS, Radulescu A, Tutino ML, Paduano L, Corsaro MM	Biomacromolecules	10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01659	2021
Enzymology	Cell-wall associated polysaccharide from the psychrotolerant bacterium Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4: isolation, purification and structural elucidation.	Casillo A, Ricciardelli A, Parrilli E, Tutino ML, Corsaro MM	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-019-01113-8	2019
Metabolism	Lipid A structural characterization from the LPS of the Siberian psychro-tolerant Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4 grown at low temperature.	Casillo A, Ziaco M, Lindner B, Parrilli E, Schwudke D, Holgado A, Beyaert R, Lanzetta R, Tutino ML, Corsaro MM	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-018-1051-6	2018
Enzymology	Biochemical characterization of ParI, an orphan C5-DNA methyltransferase from Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4.	Grgic M, Williamson A, Kjaereng Bjerga GE, Altermark B, Leiros I	Protein Expr Purif	10.1016/j.pep.2018.05.012	2018
Phylogeny	Structural Investigation of the Oligosaccharide Portion Isolated from the Lipooligosaccharide of the Permafrost Psychrophile Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4.	Casillo A, Parrilli E, Filomena S, Lindner B, Lanzetta R, Parrilli M, Tutino ML, Corsaro MM	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md13074539	2015
Metabolism	DNA double-strand break repair at--15{degrees}C.	Dieser M, Battista JR, Christner BC	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.02845-13	2013
Enzymology	Branched-chain 2-keto acid decarboxylases derived from Psychrobacter.	Wei J, Timler JG, Knutson CM, Barney BM	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/1574-6968.12208	2013
Enzymology	Biofilm formation by Psychrobacter arcticus and the role of a large adhesin in attachment to surfaces.	Hinsa-Leasure SM, Koid C, Tiedje JM, Schultzhaus JN	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.00867-13	2013
Metabolism	Toward understanding life under subzero conditions: the significance of exploring psychrophilic "cold-shock" proteins.	Kuhn E	Astrobiology	10.1089/ast.2012.0858	2012
Biotechnology	Functional expression and characterization of five wax ester synthases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their utility for biodiesel production.	Shi S, Valle-Rodriguez JO, Khoomrung S, Siewers V, Nielsen J	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/1754-6834-5-7	2012
Enzymology	Structure and function of the first full-length murein peptide ligase (Mpl) cell wall recycling protein.	Das D, Herve M, Feuerhelm J, Farr CL, Chiu HJ, Elsliger MA, Knuth MW, Klock HE, Miller MD, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Deacon AM, Mengin-Lecreulx D, Wilson IA	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0017624	2011
Genetics	The genome sequence of Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4, a psychroactive Siberian permafrost bacterium, reveals mechanisms for adaptation to low-temperature growth.	Ayala-del-Rio HL, Chain PS, Grzymski JJ, Ponder MA, Ivanova N, Bergholz PW, Di Bartolo G, Hauser L, Land M, Bakermans C, Rodrigues D, Klappenbach J, Zarka D, Larimer F, Richardson P, Murray A, Thomashow M, Tiedje JM	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.02101-09	2010
Metabolism	Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4 uses resource efficiency and molecular motion adaptations for subzero temperature growth.	Bergholz PW, Bakermans C, Tiedje JM	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.01377-08	2009
	Development and use of genetic system to identify genes required for efficient low-temperature growth of Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4.	Bakermans C, Sloup RE, Zarka DG, Tiedje JM, Thomashow MF	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-008-0193-3	2008
Metabolism	Metabolic activity of Siberian permafrost isolates, Psychrobacter arcticus and Exiguobacterium sibiricum, at low water activities.	Ponder MA, Thomashow MF, Tiedje JM	Extremophiles	10.1007/s00792-008-0151-0	2008
	Microevolution and Adaptive Strategy of Psychrophilic Species Flavobacterium bomense sp. nov. Isolated From Glaciers.	Liu Q, Liu HC, Zhou YG, Xin YH.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.01069	2019
Phylogeny	Psychrobacter glaciei sp. nov., isolated from the ice core of an Arctic glacier.	Zeng YX, Yu Y, Liu Y, Li HR	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.000939	2016
Phylogeny	Psychrobacter cryohalolentis sp. nov. and Psychrobacter arcticus sp. nov., isolated from Siberian permafrost.	Bakermans C, Ayala-Del-Rio HL, Ponder MA, Vishnivetskaya T, Gilichinsky D, Thomashow MF, Tiedje JM	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.64043-0	2006

References

#6889	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 17307
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#27956	IJSEM 1285 2006 ( DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.64043-0 , PubMed 16738105 )
#31679	Barberan A, Caceres Velazquez H, Jones S, Fierer N.: Hiding in Plain Sight: Mining Bacterial Species Records for Phenotypic Trait Information. mSphere 2: 2017 ( DOI 10.1128/mSphere.00237-17 , PubMed 28776041 ) - originally annotated from #27956
#41745	; Curators of the CIP;
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#116479	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 109905
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Psychrobacter arcticus (DSM 17307, CIP 109905, VKM B-2377)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

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API zym

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Genome browser: GCA_000012305

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