Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum (DSM 5578, ATCC 49366, NCFB 2775)

Name: Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum (DSM 5578, ATCC 49366, NCFB 2775)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 6830

Type strain

Strain Designation SML9

Culture col. no. DSM 5578 ATCC 49366 NCFB 2775 NCIMB 12897 SML9 12 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 927691 1244 1607839

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History DSMZ <- NCFB <- B.G. Shaw, SML9 JCM <-- NRIC 1778 <-- NCFB 2775. CIP <- 1989, NCFB <- 1988, Shaw: strain SMl9, 1a21

Links

Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum SML9 is an anaerobe, Gram-positive, oval-shaped bacterium that was isolated from vakuum-packaged beef.

Gram-positive oval-shaped anaerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 3491

LMG 9850,ATCC 49366,CCUG 30198,CCUG 32249,LMG 18297,NCFB 2775,CCUG 30062,CCUG 32696,CIP 103318,DSM 5578,JCM 9697,CECT 4026,NCIMB 12897,CCM 4189,KCTC 3527,VTT E-98972

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:30

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Lactobacillales

Family Lactobacillaceae

Genus Leuconostoc

Species Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum

Full scientific name Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum (Shaw and Harding 1989) Rahkila et al. 2014

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119567	positive	oval-shaped
125438			91.5
125438	positive		94.727
125439			92.988
125439	positive		91.66

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
2230	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
2230	MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11) Composition: Glucose 20.0 g/l Casein peptone 10.0 g/l Meat extract 10.0 g/l Na-acetate 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l (NH4)3 citrate 2.0 g/l K2HPO4 2.0 g/l Tween 80 1.0 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.2 g/l MnSO4 x H2O 0.05 g/l Distilled water
36378	MEDIUM 40- for Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Man Rogosa Sharp agar (68.000 g)
119567	CIP Medium 40	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
2230	positive	growth	25
36378	positive	growth	25
67770	positive	growth	25
119567	positive	growth	10-25
119567	negative	growth	30
119567	negative	growth	37
119567	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
2230	anaerobe
119567	facultative anaerobe
125439	facultative anaerobe	99.857

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		99.798

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
2230	A11.05	A3alpha L-Lys-L-Ala₂

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
119567	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
119567	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
119567	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test
119567	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-
119567	17234 ChEBI	glucose		-

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
119567	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
119567	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
119567	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
119567	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
119567	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
119567	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
2230	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Engineered	#Food production	#Bottled, canned, packed food
#Engineered	#Food production	#Meat

Isolation

@ref	Sample type
2230	vakuum-packaged beef
67770	Vacuum-packed meats
119567	Food, Vacuum packed meat

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence LC096221 (>99% sequence identity) for Leuconostoc gelidum from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	2226
Soil Samples	1578
Animal Samples	17034
Plant Samples	1382
Total Samples	22220

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2230	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119567	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM16671v1 assembly for Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum KCTC 3527	contig	GCA_000166715	927691.3	651324068	927691	70.28

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Leuconostoc gelidum gene for 16S rRNA, strain:NRIC 1778	AB022921	1445	927691
20218	Leuconostoc gelidum DNA, 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region, strain: NRIC 1778	AB290439	380	927691
2230	Leuconostoc gelidum 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF175402	1505	927691
67770	Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 9697	LC096221	1489	1607839

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
2230	37.0
67770	37	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM16671v1 assembly for Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum KCTC 3527
NCBI: GCA_000166715

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	99.86	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	91.66	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	92.99	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.80	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Leuconostoc gelidum KCTC 3527
PATRIC: 927691.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	94.73	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	82.88	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	95.25	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	86.45	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.10	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	91.50	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Pangenome and genomic taxonomy analyses of Leuconostoc gelidum and Leuconostoc gasicomitatum.	Johansson P, Sade E, Hultman J, Auvinen P, Bjorkroth J.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-022-09032-3	2022
	Development of innovative pediocin PA-1 by DNA shuffling among class IIa bacteriocins.	Tominaga T, Hatakeyama Y.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00558-07	2007
Metabolism	Characterization of leucocin B-KM432Bz from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides isolated from boza, and comparison of its efficiency to pediocin PA-1.	Makhloufi KM, Carre-Mlouka A, Peduzzi J, Lombard C, van Reenen CA, Dicks LM, Rebuffat S.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0070484	2013
	Comparison of Real-Time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR for the Quantitative Detection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum	Choi CH, Kim E, Yang SM, Kim DS, Suh SM, Lee GY, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods11091331	2022
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum KG16-1, isolated from vacuum-packaged vegetable sausages.	Andreevskaya M, Hultman J, Johansson P, Laine P, Paulin L, Auvinen P, Bjorkroth J.	Stand Genomic Sci	10.1186/s40793-016-0164-8	2016
Genetics	Genome Sequence of Leuconostoc gelidum KCTC 3527, Isolated from Kimchi.	Kim DS, Choi SH, Kim DW, Kim RN, Nam SH, Kang A, Kim A, Park HS	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.01371-10	2010
Pathogenicity	Effect of Leuconostoc spp. on the formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm.	Kang MS, Kang IC, Kim SM, Lee HC, Oh JS	J Microbiol	2570	2007
Enzymology	Characterization of a Leuconostoc gelidum bacteriophage from pork.	Greer GG, Dilts BD, Ackermann HW	Int J Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.09.021	2007
Phylogeny	Characterization of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum sp. nov., associated with spoiled raw tomato-marinated broiler meat strips packaged under modified-atmosphere conditions.	Bjorkroth KJ, Geisen R, Schillinger U, Weiss N, De Vos P, Holzapfel WH, Korkeala HJ, Vandamme P.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.9.3764-3772.2000	2000
Phylogeny	Reclassification of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum as Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum comb. nov., description of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. aenigmaticum subsp. nov., designation of Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum subsp. nov. and emended description of Leuconostoc gelidum.	Rahkila R, De Bruyne K, Johansson P, Vandamme P, Bjorkroth J	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.058263-0	2014
Phylogeny	Leuconostoc miyukkimchii sp. nov., isolated from brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida) kimchi.	Lee SH, Park MS, Jung JY, Jeon CO	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.032367-0	2011
Phylogeny	Leuconostoc kimchii sp. nov., a new species from kimchi.	Kim J, Chun J, Han HU	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/00207713-50-5-1915	2000

References

#2230	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 5578
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#36378	; Curators of the CIP;
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#119567	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103318
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Leuconostoc gelidum subsp. gelidum (DSM 5578, ATCC 49366, NCFB 2775)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Murein

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API zym

API 50CHac

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000166715

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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