Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri (DSM 7514, ATCC 33156, WDCM 00180)

Name: Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri (DSM 7514, ATCC 33156, WDCM 00180)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 6726

Type strain

Culture col. no. DSM 7514 ATCC 33156 WDCM 00180 CCUG 13398 NCTC 11233 3 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 91892

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG CIP

History <- ATCC; ATCC 33156 <- R. E. Weaver; Los Angeles-1 <- P. H. Edelstein; CIP <- 1993, C. Tram, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France <- ATCC <- R.E. Weaver, CDC: strain Los Angeles-1 <- P. Edelstein

Links

Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri DSM 7514 is a microaerophile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from human lung tissue.

Gram-negative rod-shaped microaerophile genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 40362

NBIMCC 8887,ATCC 33156,CCUG 13398,NCTC 11233,CIP 103858,DSM 7514,CECT 8343

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:19:18

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Legionellales

Family Legionellaceae

Genus Legionella

Species Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri

Full scientific name Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri Brenner et al. 1989

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri** (1)	Type strain
6727	L. pneumophila subsp. fraseri R50, Dallas 1 E SG5, Dallas 1E, DSM 25121, ...

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
121909	negative	rod-shaped
125439	negative		99.9
125438	negative		97.479

Colony morphology

@ref	Incubation period
3194	1-2 days
45943	2 days

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
3194	BCYE-AGAR (DSMZ Medium 585)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: BCYE AGAR (DSMZ Medium 585) Composition: OXOID Legionella CYE-Agar base
41840	MEDIUM 23 - for Afipia and Legionella		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Legionella agar (37.000 g);Legionella - enrichment mixture (10.000 ml)
121909	CIP Medium 23	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
3194	positive	growth	37
41840	positive	growth	37
45943	positive	growth	37

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
3194	microaerophile
45943	microaerophile
125439	obligate aerobe	98.7

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		99.1
125438		92.403

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68377	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API NH
68377	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API NH
68377	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API NH

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68377	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API NH

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test
68377	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API NH

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68377	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API NH
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
3194	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
121909	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
68377	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API NH
121909	oxidase	+
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68377	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API NH
68377	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API NH
68382	valine arylamidase	+		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
121909	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API NH

@ref	PEN	GLU	FRU	MAL	SAC	ODC	URE	LIP	PAL	beta GAL	ProA	GGT	IND
3194	+	+/-	-	+/-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-
3194	-	+	+/-	-	+/-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Human	-
#Host Body-Site	#Oral cavity and airways	#Lung
#Infection	#Patient	-

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
3194	human lung tissue
45943	Human lung	Los Angeles	USA	USA	North America
121909	Human, Lung

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence NR_104921 (>99% sequence identity) for Legionella pneumophila subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1091
Soil Samples	587
Animal Samples	330
Plant Samples	95
Total Samples	2103

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
3194	2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
121909	2	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
124043	ASM300375v1 assembly for Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri Los Angeles 1 (D-7696)	complete	GCA_003003755	91892.13	2848172547	91892	98.09
124043	Leg_pneumophila_Los_Angeles_1.v1 assembly for Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri Los Angeles 1	scaffold	GCA_900639965	91892.18	8115789354	91892	66.81
66792	ATCC_33156 assembly for Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri ATCC 33156	scaffold	GCA_000586315	91892.6	2671181071	91892	65.49
66792	ASM158282v1 assembly for Legionella pneumophila ATCC 33156	scaffold	GCA_001582825	446.178		446

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Legionella pneumophila strain ATCC33156 16S-23S rRNA intergenic region	AF000656	278	446
20218	Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri strain Los Angelos-1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HQ287902	1510	91892
20218	Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri strain MDC1573 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JF720378	524	91892
3194	Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri strain Los Angelos-1 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	NR_104921	1510	91892

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
3194	39.0	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Legionella pneumophila ATCC 33156
NCBI: GCA_001582825

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.10	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	62.90	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	99.90	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	98.70	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Legionella pneumophila ATCC 33156
NCBI: GCA_001582825.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	97.48	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	96.68	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	78.09	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	92.40	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	95.91	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	59.60	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Development of a DNA microarray method for detection and identification of all 15 distinct O-antigen forms of Legionella pneumophila.	Cao B, Yao F, Liu X, Feng L, Wang L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01957-13	2013
	Validation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Kit for the Detection of Legionella pneumophila in Environmental Samples According to ISO/TS 12869:2012.	Caruso G, Coniglio MA, Lagana P, Fasciana T, Arcoleo G, Arrigo I, Di Carlo P, Palermo M, Giammanco A.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12050961	2024
	Development of a Multiplex-PCR Serotyping Assay for Characterizing Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Based on the Diversity of Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthetic Loci.	Nakaue R, Qin T, Morita M, Ren H, Chang B, Murai M, Amemura-Maekawa J, Ohnishi M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00157-21	2021
	Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification.	Pascale MR, Bisognin F, Mazzotta M, Girolamini L, Marino F, Dal Monte P, Cordovana M, Scaturro M, Ricci ML, Cristino S.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.866426	2022
	Development of a diagnostic assay by three-tube multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory infections.	Jiang XW, Huang TS, Xie L, Chen SZ, Wang SD, Huang ZW, Li XY, Ling WP.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-15543-6	2022
Enzymology	Electrophoretic mobility of Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 14.	Buse HY, Hoelle JM, Muhlen C, Lytle DA.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1093/femsle/fny067	2018
Pathogenicity	In vitro and intracellular activities of frog skin temporins against Legionella pneumophila and its eukaryotic hosts.	Crepin A, Jegou JF, Andre S, Ecale F, Croitoru A, Cantereau A, Berjeaud JM, Ladram A, Verdon J.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-60829-2	2020
Pathogenicity	Bacterial Long-Range Warfare: Aerial Killing of Legionella pneumophila by Pseudomonas fluorescens.	Corre MH, Mercier A, Bouteiller M, Khalil A, Ginevra C, Depayras S, Dupont C, Rouxel M, Gallique M, Grac L, Jarraud S, Giron D, Merieau A, Berjeaud JM, Verdon J.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00404-21	2021
	Performance Evaluation of the PowerChek MERS (upE & ORF1a) Real-Time PCR Kit for the Detection of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus RNA.	Huh HJ, Kim JY, Kwon HJ, Yun SA, Lee MK, Ki CS, Lee NY, Kim JW.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2017.37.6.494	2017
Phylogeny	The N-acylneuraminate cytidyltransferase gene, neuA, is heterogenous in Legionella pneumophila strains but can be used as a marker for epidemiological typing in the consensus sequence-based typing scheme.	Farhat C, Mentasti M, Jacobs E, Fry NK, Luck C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00687-11	2011
Metabolism	Secreted pyomelanin of Legionella pneumophila promotes bacterial iron uptake and growth under iron-limiting conditions.	Zheng H, Chatfield CH, Liles MR, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.00858-13	2013
Phylogeny	Two-step scheme for rapid identification and differentiation of Legionella pneumophila and non-Legionella pneumophila species.	Zhan XY, Li LQ, Hu CH, Zhu QY.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01778-09	2010
Enzymology	Viability PCR, a culture-independent method for rapid and selective quantification of viable Legionella pneumophila cells in environmental water samples.	Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Solignac L, Delattre JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02878-08	2009
Phylogeny	High-throughput typing method to identify a non-outbreak-involved Legionella pneumophila strain colonizing the entire water supply system in the town of Rennes, France.	Sobral D, Le Cann P, Gerard A, Jarraud S, Lebeau B, Loisy-Hamon F, Vergnaud G, Pourcel C.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.05556-11	2011
Metabolism	The secreted pyomelanin pigment of Legionella pneumophila confers ferric reductase activity.	Chatfield CH, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.00489-07	2007
Enzymology	Quantitative real-time Legionella PCR for environmental water samples: data interpretation.	Joly P, Falconnet PA, Andre J, Weill N, Reyrolle M, Vandenesch F, Maurin M, Etienne J, Jarraud S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.4.2801-2808.2006	2006
	Molecular evolution of the dotA gene in Legionella pneumophila.	Ko KS, Hong SK, Lee HK, Park MY, Kook YH.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.185.21.6269-6277.2003	2003
Phylogeny	Population genetic structure of Legionella pneumophila inferred from RNA polymerase gene (rpoB) and DotA gene (dotA) sequences.	Ko KS, Lee HK, Park MY, Park MS, Lee KH, Woo SY, Yun YJ, Kook YH.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.184.8.2123-2130.2002	2002
Enzymology	Rapid method for enumeration of viable Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella spp. in water.	Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Simonart T, Parent V, Marchand G, Dobbelaere M, Pierlot E, Pierzo V, Menard-Szczebara F, Gaudard-Ferveur E, Delabre K, Delattre JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.7.4086-4096.2005	2005
Phylogeny	Identification of legionella species by use of an oligonucleotide array.	Su HP, Tung SK, Tseng LR, Tsai WC, Chung TC, Chang TC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02225-08	2009
	Characterization of a tandem repeat polymorphism in Legionella pneumophila and its use for genotyping.	Pourcel C, Vidgop Y, Ramisse F, Vergnaud G, Tram C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.5.1819-1826.2003	2003
Metabolism	Targeting species-specific low-affinity 16S rRNA binding sites by using peptide nucleic acids for detection of Legionellae in biofilms.	Wilks SA, Keevil CW.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02918-05	2006
Phylogeny	DNA polymorphisms in strains of Legionella pneumophila serogroups 3 and 4 detected by macrorestriction analysis and their use for epidemiological investigation of nosocomial legionellosis.	Luck PC, Kohler J, Maiwald M, Helbig JH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.61.5.2000-2003.1995	1995
Enzymology	Specific detection of Legionella pneumophila: construction of a new 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probe.	Grimm D, Merkert H, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Hacker J, Brand BC.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.7.2686-2690.1998	1998
	Characterization of a lipoprotein common to Legionella species as a urinary broad-spectrum antigen for diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease.	Kim MJ, Sohn JW, Park DW, Park SC, Chun BC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.7.2974-2979.2003	2003
Phylogeny	Molecular fingerprinting of Legionella species by repetitive element PCR.	Georghiou PR, Doggett AM, Kielhofner MA, Stout JE, Watson DA, Lupski JR, Hamill RJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.32.12.2989-2994.1994	1994
Enzymology	Detection of legionellae in hospital water samples by quantitative real-time LightCycler PCR.	Wellinghausen N, Frost C, Marre R.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.9.3985-3993.2001	2001
Metabolism	Isolation of a gene encoding a novel spectinomycin phosphotransferase from Legionella pneumophila.	Suter TM, Viswanathan VK, Cianciotto NP.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.6.1385	1997
	Characterization of the alternative sigma factor sigma54 and the transcriptional regulator FleQ of Legionella pneumophila, which are both involved in the regulation cascade of flagellar gene expression.	Jacobi S, Schade R, Heuner K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.186.9.2540-2547.2004	2004
Metabolism	Discovery of a nonclassical siderophore, legiobactin, produced by strains of Legionella pneumophila.	Liles MR, Scheel TA, Cianciotto NP.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.182.3.749-757.2000	2000
	Identification of Legionella pneumophila rcp, a pagP-like gene that confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and promotes intracellular infection.	Robey M, O'Connell W, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.69.7.4276-4286.2001	2001
Enzymology	Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding the major cell-associated phospholipase A of Legionella pneumophila, plaB, exhibiting hemolytic activity.	Flieger A, Rydzewski K, Banerji S, Broich M, Heuner K.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.72.5.2648-2658.2004	2004
Enzymology	Development of conventional and real-time PCR assays for detection of Legionella DNA in respiratory specimens.	Rantakokko-Jalava K, Jalava J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.8.2904-2910.2001	2001
Metabolism	The Legionella pneumophila iraAB locus is required for iron assimilation, intracellular infection, and virulence.	Viswanathan VK, Edelstein PH, Pope CD, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.68.3.1069-1079.2000	2000
Enzymology	Application of RNA polymerase beta-subunit gene (rpoB) sequences for the molecular differentiation of Legionella species.	Ko KS, Lee HK, Park MY, Lee KH, Yun YJ, Woo SY, Miyamoto H, Kook YH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.7.2653-2658.2002	2002
Metabolism	Identification and temperature regulation of Legionella pneumophila genes involved in type IV pilus biogenesis and type II protein secretion.	Liles MR, Viswanathan VK, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.66.4.1776-1782.1998	1998
	Cloning and genetic characterization of the flagellum subunit gene (flaA) of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1.	Heuner K, Bender-Beck L, Brand BC, Luck PC, Mann KH, Marre R, Ott M, Hacker J.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.7.2499-2507.1995	1995
Phylogeny	Restriction fragment length polymorphism of rRNA genes for molecular typing of members of the family Legionellaceae.	Bangsborg JM, Gerner-Smidt P, Colding H, Fiehn NE, Bruun B, Hoiby N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.2.402-406.1995	1995
	Efficacy of NY-198 against experimental Legionnaires disease.	Kohno S, Yamaguchi K, Dohtsu Y, Koga H, Hayashi T, Hirota M, Saito A, Hara K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.9.1427	1988
	Detection of Legionella spp. in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids by DNA amplification.	Jaulhac B, Nowicki M, Bornstein N, Meunier O, Prevost G, Piemont Y, Fleurette J, Monteil H.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.30.4.920-924.1992	1992
	Phase-variable expression of lipopolysaccharide contributes to the virulence of legionella pneumophila.	Luneberg E, Zahringer U, Knirel YA, Steinmann D, Hartmann M, Steinmetz I, Rohde M, Kohl J, Frosch M.	J Exp Med	10.1084/jem.188.1.49	1998
Metabolism	An iron- and fur-repressed Legionella pneumophila gene that promotes intracellular infection and encodes a protein with similarity to the Escherichia coli aerobactin synthetases.	Hickey EK, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.65.1.133-143.1997	1997
	Identification of mip-like genes in the genus Legionella.	Cianciotto NP, Bangsborg JM, Eisenstein BI, Engleberg NC.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.58.9.2912-2918.1990	1990
Phylogeny	Characterization of members of the Legionellaceae family by automated ribotyping.	Cordevant C, Tang JS, Cleland D, Lange M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.1.34-43.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to ofloxacin in vitro and in experimental Legionella pneumonia in guinea pigs.	Saito A, Sawatari K, Fukuda Y, Nagasawa M, Koga H, Tomonaga A, Nakazato H, Fujita K, Shigeno Y, Suzuyama Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.28.1.15	1985
Phylogeny	Dye-containing buffered charcoal-yeast extract medium for differentiation of members of the family Legionellaceae.	Vickers RM, Brown A, Garrity GM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.2.380-382.1981	1981
	Monoclonal antibodies to Legionella Mip proteins recognize genus- and species-specific epitopes.	Helbig JH, Ludwig B, Luck PC, Groh A, Witzleb W, Hacker J.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.2.2.160-165.1995	1995
Phylogeny	Hydroxy-fatty acid profiles of Legionella species: diagnostic usefulness assessed by principal component analysis.	Jantzen E, Sonesson A, Tangen T, Eng J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.31.6.1413-1419.1993	1993
	Genus-specific epitope on the 60-kilodalton Legionella heat shock protein recognized by a monoclonal antibody.	Steinmetz I, Rheinheimer C, Hubner I, Bitter-Suermann D.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.2.346-354.1991	1991
	Cross-reactions between Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1) and twenty-eight other bacterial species, including other members of the family Legionellaceae.	Collins MT, Espersen F, Hoiby N, Cho SN, Friis-Moller A, Reif JS.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.39.3.1441-1456.1983	1983
	DNA probe specific for Legionella pneumophila.	Grimont PA, Grimont F, Desplaces N, Tchen P.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.3.431-437.1985	1985
Enzymology	Rapid concentration and molecular enrichment approach for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli and Shigella species in potable water samples.	Maheux AF, Bissonnette L, Boissinot M, Bernier JL, Huppe V, Picard FJ, Berube E, Bergeron MG.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02337-10	2011
Phylogeny	Identification and DNA fingerprinting of Legionella strains by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis.	Bansal NS, McDonell F.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.9.2310-2314.1997	1997
	Dihydroxy and monohydroxy fatty acids in Legionella pneumophila.	Mayberry WR.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.147.2.373-381.1981	1981
Phylogeny	Serological and genotypic diversity among serogroup 5- reacting environmental Legionella isolates.	Garrity GM, Elder EM, Davis B, Vickers RM, Brown A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.4.646-653.1982	1982
Phylogeny	Usefulness of fatty acid composition for differentiation of Legionella species.	Diogo A, Verissimo A, Nobre MF, da Costa MS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.7.2248-2254.1999	1999
Phylogeny	Clinical laboratory differentiation of Legionellaceae family members with pigment production and fluorescence on media supplemented with aromatic substrates.	Vickers RM, Yu VL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.19.5.583-587.1984	1984
Metabolism	Determination of hippurate hydrolysis by gas-liquid chromatography.	Wallace PL, Patton CM, Moss CW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.9.1766-1768.1987	1987
	Detection of flagella in 278 Legionella strains by latex reagent sensitized with antiflagellum immunoglobulins.	Bornstein N, Marmet D, Dumaine MH, Surgot M, Fleurette J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.5.953-956.1991	1991
Phylogeny	Sequence-based classification scheme for the genus Legionella targeting the mip gene.	Ratcliff RM, Lanser JA, Manning PA, Heuzenroeder MW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.6.1560-1567.1998	1998
	Compilation of small ribosomal subunit RNA structures.	Neefs JM, Van de Peer Y, De Rijk P, Chapelle S, De Wachter R.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/21.13.3025	1993
	Antimicrobial Susceptibility Determination of Less Frequently Isolated Legionella Species by Broth and Agar Dilution.	Farley C, Price A, Sewell M, Barton R, Portal EAR, Boostrom I, Day J, Afshar B, Chalker VJ, Spiller OB.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics14111165	2025
	Differences in UV-C LED Inactivation of Legionellapneumophila Serogroups in Drinking Water.	Buse HY, Hall JS, Hunter GL, Goodrich JA.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10020352	2022
	Differences in Virulence Between Legionella pneumophila Isolates From Human and Non-human Sources Determined in Galleria mellonella Infection Model.	Sousa PS, Silva IN, Moreira LM, Verissimo A, Costa J.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2018.00097	2018
	Legionella antimicrobial sensitivity testing: comparison of microbroth dilution with BCYE and LASARUS solid media.	Portal E, Sands K, Portnojs A, Chalker VJ, Spiller OB.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkaa535	2021
	Comparative genome analysis reveals a complex population structure of Legionella pneumophila subspecies.	Kozak-Muiznieks NA, Morrison SS, Mercante JW, Ishaq MK, Johnson T, Caravas J, Lucas CE, Brown E, Raphael BH, Winchell JM.	Infect Genet Evol	10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.008	2018
	Intragenic recombination has a critical role on the evolution of Legionella pneumophila virulence-related effector sidJ.	Costa J, Teixeira PG, d'Avo AF, Junior CS, Verissimo A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0109840	2014
Pathogenicity	From Many Hosts, One Accidental Pathogen: The Diverse Protozoan Hosts of Legionella.	Boamah DK, Zhou G, Ensminger AW, O'Connor TJ.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2017.00477	2017
	The mysterious illness that drove them to their knees - Ah, that Legionnaires' disease - A historical reflection of the work in Legionnaires' disease in New Zealand (1978 to mid-1990s) and the 'One Health' paradigm.	Graham FF.	One Health	10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100149	2020
	Temperature-regulated formation of mycelial mat-like biofilms by Legionella pneumophila.	Piao Z, Sze CC, Barysheva O, Iida K, Yoshida S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.2.1613-1622.2006	2006
Enzymology	Detection of Legionella pneumophila using a real-time PCR hybridization assay.	Ballard AL, Fry NK, Chan L, Surman SB, Lee JV, Harrison TG, Towner KJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.11.4215-4218.2000	2000
	A 65-kilobase pathogenicity island is unique to Philadelphia-1 strains of Legionella pneumophila.	Brassinga AK, Hiltz MF, Sisson GR, Morash MG, Hill N, Garduno E, Edelstein PH, Garduno RA, Hoffman PS.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.185.15.4630-4637.2003	2003
	Cross-reacting lipopolysaccharide antigens in Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 14.	Jurgens D, Fehrenbach FJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.6.2180-2184.1995	1995
Metabolism	The cytochrome c maturation locus of Legionella pneumophila promotes iron assimilation and intracellular infection and contains a strain-specific insertion sequence element.	Viswanathan VK, Kurtz S, Pedersen LL, Abu-Kwaik Y, Krcmarik K, Mody S, Cianciotto NP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.70.4.1842-1852.2002	2002
Phylogeny	Antigenic lipopolysaccharide components of Legionella pneumophila recognized by monoclonal antibodies: possibilities and limitations for division of the species into serogroups.	Helbig JH, Kurtz JB, Pastoris MC, Pelaz C, Luck PC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.11.2841-2845.1997	1997
Enzymology	Presence and persistence of Legionella spp. in groundwater.	Costa J, Tiago I, da Costa MS, Verissimo A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.2.663-671.2005	2005
Enzymology	Comparison of the Binax Legionella urinary antigen enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the Biotest Legionella Urin antigen EIA for detection of Legionella antigen in both concentrated and nonconcentrated urine samples.	Dominguez JA, Gali N, Pedroso P, Fargas A, Padilla E, Manterola JM, Matas L.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.9.2718-2722.1998	1998
	Electrophoretic and serological characterization of the lipopolysaccharides of Legionella pneumophila.	Nolte FS, Conlin CA, Motley MA.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.52.3.676-681.1986	1986
Phylogeny	Simultaneous infections with different serogroups of Legionella pneumophila investigated by routine methods and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.	Horbach I, Naumann D, Fehrenbach FJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.6.1106-1110.1988	1988
Phylogeny	Thirteenth serogroup of Legionella pneumophila isolated from patients with pneumonia.	Lindquist DS, Nygaard G, Thacker WL, Benson RF, Brenner DJ, Wilkinson HW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.3.586-587.1988	1988
Enzymology	Analysis of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 strains isolated from a hospital warm water supply over a three-year period by using genomic long-range mapping techniques and monoclonal antibodies.	Luck PC, Bender L, Ott M, Helbig JH, Hacker J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.57.11.3226-3231.1991	1991
Phylogeny	Cross-reactivity among Legionella species and serogroups.	Pelaz C, Garcia Albert L, Bourgon CM.	Epidemiol Infect	10.1017/s0950268800066498	1987
Cultivation	Simple, transparent medium for study of legionellae.	Johnson SR, Schalla WO, Wong KH, Perkins GH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.2.342-344.1982	1982
Enzymology	Identification of Legionella pneumophila with commercially available immunofluorescence test.	Fallon RJ.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.39.6.693	1986
Phylogeny	Taxonomic investigation of Legionella pneumophila using monoclonal antibodies.	Brindle RJ, Bryant TN, Draper PW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.3.536-539.1989	1989
	Coreactivity of Legionella pneumophila immune sera in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae complement fixation test.	Berdal BP, Eng J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.16.5.794-797.1982	1982
	Ecological distribution of Legionella pneumophila.	Fliermans CB, Cherry WB, Orrison LH, Smith SJ, Tison DL, Pope DH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.41.1.9-16.1981	1981
Enzymology	Enhancement of recovery of Legionella pneumophila from contaminated respiratory tract specimens by heat.	Edelstein PH, Snitzer JB, Bridge JA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.16.6.1061-1065.1982	1982
	Expression of multiple pili by Legionella pneumophila: identification and characterization of a type IV pilin gene and its role in adherence to mammalian and protozoan cells.	Stone BJ, Abu Kwaik Y.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.66.4.1768-1775.1998	1998
	Lytic activity of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus against bacteria of the family Legionellaceae.	Tomov A, Kassovsky V, Chorbadjiiska L, Tsvetkova E, Tsanev N, Vencheva Z.	Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A Med Mikrobiol Infekt Parasitol	10.1016/s0174-3031(82)80092-9	1982
	Slide agglutination test for serogrouping Legionella pneumophila and atypical Legionella-like organisms.	Wilkinson HW, Fikes BJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.11.1.99-101.1980	1980
Metabolism	Hippurate hydrolysis by Legionella pneumophila.	Hebert GA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.1.240-242.1981	1981
Metabolism	Amino acid requirements of Legionella pneumophila.	George JR, Pine L, Reeves MW, Harrell WK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.11.3.286-291.1980	1980
	Serogroup specificity of Legionella pneumophila is related to lipopolysaccharide characteristics.	Ciesielski CA, Blaser MJ, Wang WL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.51.2.397-404.1986	1986
	Effects of alpha-amylase on in vitro growth of Legionella pneumophila.	Bortner CA, Miller RD, Arnold RR.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.41.1.44-49.1983	1983
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to twenty antimicrobial agents.	Edelstein PH, Meyer RD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.18.3.403	1980
Enzymology	Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from a transtracheal aspirate.	Edelstein PH, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.9.3.457-458.1979	1979
Phylogeny	Chemotaxonomic differentiation of legionellae by detection and characterization of aminodideoxyhexoses and other unique sugars using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.	Fox A, Rogers JC, Fox KF, Schnitzer G, Morgan SL, Brown A, Aono R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.3.546-552.1990	1990
	Genetic structure of populations of Legionella pneumophila.	Selander RK, McKinney RM, Whittam TS, Bibb WF, Brenner DJ, Nolte FS, Pattison PE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.163.3.1021-1037.1985	1985
Enzymology	Negative enrichment procedure for isolation of Legionella pneumophila from seeded cooling tower water.	Thorpe TC, Miller RD.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.40.4.849-851.1980	1980
	Cross-reaction to Legionella pneumophila antigen in sera with elevated titers to Pseudomonas pseudomallei.	Klein GC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.11.1.27-29.1980	1980
	Similar DNA restriction endonuclease profiles in strains of Legionella pneumophila from different serogroups.	van Ketel RJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.9.1838-1841.1988	1988
	Electrophoretic characterization of soluble protein extracts of Legionella pneumophila and other members of the family Legionellaceae.	Lema M, Brown A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.17.6.1132-1140.1983	1983
Enzymology	Legionella pneumophila serogroup six: isolation from cases of legionellosis, identification by immunofluorescence staining, and immunological response to infection.	McKinney RM, Wilkinson HW, Sommers HM, Fikes BJ, Sasseville KR, Yungbluth MM, Wolf JS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.12.3.395-401.1980	1980
	Detection of cell-associated or soluble antigens of Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 6, Legionella bozemanii, Legionella dumoffii, Legionella gormanii, and Legionella micdadei by staphylococcal coagglutination tests.	Wilkinson HW, Fikes BJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.14.3.322-325.1981	1981
Enzymology	Enzymatic activities of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella-like organisms.	Nolte FS, Hollick GE, Robertson RG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.1.175-177.1982	1982
Metabolism	Metal requirements of Legionella pneumophila.	Reeves MW, Pine L, Hutner SH, George JR, Harrell WK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.4.688-695.1981	1981
	Common epitope on the lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila recognized by a monoclonal antibody.	Barthe C, Joly JR, Ramsay D, Boissinot M, Benhamou N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.5.1016-1023.1988	1988
Enzymology	Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from nonepidemic-related aquatic habitats.	Fliermans CB, Cherry WB, Orrison LH, Thacker L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.37.6.1239-1242.1979	1979
	Identification of Legionella pneumophila by latex agglutination.	Sedgwick AK, Tilton RC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.17.2.365-368.1983	1983
	Retrospective examination of lung tissue specimens for the presence of Legionella organisms: comparison of an indirect fluorescent-antibody system with direct fluorescent-antibody testing.	Brown SL, Bibb WF, McKinney RM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.19.4.468-472.1984	1984
Metabolism	Amino acid requirements for Legionella pneumophila growth.	Tesh MJ, Miller RD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.5.865-869.1981	1981
Metabolism	Detection of hippurate hydrolysis by Legionella spp. by using a rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method.	Marmet D, Bornstein N, Fleurette J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.12.2828-2829.1990	1990
	Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of carbohydrates of Legionella pneumophila and other members of the family Legionellaceae.	Fox A, Lau PY, Brown A, Morgan SL, Zhu ZT, Lema M, Walla MD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.19.3.326-332.1984	1984
	Immune defenses against Legionella pneumophila in rats.	Rolstad B, Berdal BP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.32.2.805-812.1981	1981
	Ultrastructure of Legionella pneumophila.	Rodgers FG.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.32.12.1195	1979
Phylogeny	Interaction between plant agglutinins and Legionella species.	Doyle RJ, Nedjat-Haiem F, Miller RD, Keller KF.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.5.973-975.1982	1982
	Electron microscopic evidence of flagella and pili on Legionella pneumophila.	Rodgers FG, Greaves PW, Macrae AD, Lewis MJ.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.33.12.1184	1980
	Diagnosis of Legionella pneumophila infections by means of formolised yolk sac antigens.	Harrison TG, Taylor AG.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.35.2.211	1982
	Prevalence of antibodies to Legionella pneumophila in animal populations.	Collins MT, Cho SN, Reif JS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.1.130-136.1982	1982
	Identification of a species-specific antigen in Legionella pneumophila by a monoclonal antibody.	Gosting LH, Cabrian K, Sturge JC, Goldstein LC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.20.6.1031-1035.1984	1984
Cultivation	Natamycin as a selective antifungal agent in media for growth of Legionella spp.	Edelstein PH, Edelstein MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.1.185-187.1996	1996
	Polyvalent heat-killed antigen for the diagnosis of infection with Legionella pneumophila.	Fallon RJ, Abraham WH.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.35.4.434	1982
Phylogeny	New serogroup of Legionella pneumophila, serogroup 8.	Bissett ML, Lee JO, Lindquist DS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.17.5.887-891.1983	1983
Enzymology	Direct immunofluorescent detection of Legionella pneumophila in respiratory specimens.	Winn WC, Cherry WB, Frank RO, Casey CA, Broome CV.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.11.1.59-64.1980	1980
	Immunologic response of patients with legionellosis against major protein-containing antigens of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 as shown by immunoblot analysis.	Sampson JS, Plikaytis BB, Wilkinson HW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.1.92-99.1986	1986
	A plasmid in Legionella pneumophila.	Knudson GB, Mikesell P.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.29.3.1092-1095.1980	1980
Enzymology	Enzymatic profile of Legionella pneumophilia.	Muller HE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.3.423-426.1981	1981
	Susceptibilities of algae and Legionella pneumophila to cooling tower biocides.	Soracco RJ, Gill HK, Fliermans CB, Pope DH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.45.4.1254-1260.1983	1983
	Agglutinating antibody titers to members of the family Legionellaceae in cystic fibrosis patients as a result of cross-reacting antibodies to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Collins MT, McDonald J, Hoiby N, Aalund O.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.19.6.757-762.1984	1984
Enzymology	In vitro production of an extracellular protease by Legionella pneumophila.	Thompson MR, Miller RD, Iglewski BH.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.34.1.299-302.1981	1981
	Outer membrane proteins from Legionella pneumophila serogroups and other Legionella species.	Hindahl MS, Iglewski BH.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.51.1.94-101.1986	1986
Enzymology	Identification of 22 Legionella species and 33 serogroups with the slide agglutination test.	Thacker WL, Plikaytis BB, Wilkinson HW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.5.779-782.1985	1985
Phylogeny	Comparison of slide agglutination test and direct immunofluorescence assay for identification of Legionella isolates.	Thacker WL, Wilkinson HW, Benson RF.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.18.5.1113-1118.1983	1983
	Substrate utilization by Legionella cells after cryopreservation in phosphate buffer.	Weiss E, Westfall HN.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.48.2.380-385.1984	1984
	Detection of antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 6 and the Leiden-1 strain by micro ELISA and immunofluorescence assay.	Herbrink P, Meenhorst PL, Groothuis DG, Munckhof HV, Bax R, Meijer CJ, Lindeman J.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.36.11.1246	1983
	Evaluation of an indirect hemagglutination test for Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 4.	Yonke CA, Stiefel HE, Wilson DL, Wentworth BB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.6.1040-1045.1981	1981
	Characteristics of environmental isolates of Legionella pneumophila.	Orrison LH, Cherry WB, Fliermans CB, Dees SB, McDougal LK, Dodd DJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.42.1.109-115.1981	1981
Enzymology	Demonstration of extracellular chymotrypsin-like activity from various Legionella species.	Berdal BP, Olsvik O, Myhre S, Omland T.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.16.3.452-457.1982	1982
	Measure of immunoglobulin G-, M-, and A-specific titers against Legionella pneumophila and inhibition of titers against nonspecific, gram-negative bacterial antigens in the indirect immunofluorescence test for legionellosis.	Wilkinson HW, Farshy CE, Fikes BJ, Cruce DD, Yealy LP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.10.5.685-689.1979	1979
	Legionella infections in Scotland.	Fallon RJ.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s002217240007100x	1982
Phylogeny	Studies of the specificity of Legionella serology.	Wentworth BB, Stiefel HE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.15.5.961-963.1982	1982
	Antigenic analysis of Legionella pneumophila and Tatlockia micdadei (Legionella micdadei) by two-dimensional (crossed) immunoelectrophoresis.	Joly JR, Kenny GE.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.35.2.721-729.1982	1982
	Validation of Legionella pneumophila indirect immunofluorescence assay with epidemic sera.	Wilkinson HW, Cruce DD, Broome CV.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.1.139-146.1981	1981
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of Legionella spp. to mycinamicin I and II and other macrolide antibiotics: effects of media composition and origin of organisms.	Edelstein PH, Pasiecznik KA, Yasui VK, Meyer RD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.22.1.90	1982
Enzymology	Primary isolation of a new strain of the TATLOCK/Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (Legionella micdadei).	Donegan EA, Deal MM, Melanephy MC, Cordes LG, Moss CW, Pons VG, Brooks GF.	West J Med		1981
Enzymology	Multilocus enzyme analysis of Legionella dumoffii.	Woods TC, McKinney RM, Plikaytis BD, Steigerwalt AG, Bibb WF, Brenner DJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.5.799-803.1988	1988
Enzymology	Determination of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase within the genus Legionella.	Pine L, Hoffman PS, Malcolm GB, Benson RF, Keen MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.20.3.421-429.1984	1984
	Factors influencing the reactivity of Legionella antigens in immunofluorescence tests.	Benson RF, Malcolm GB, Pine L, Harrell WK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.17.5.909-917.1983	1983
Metabolism	Absence of siderophore activity in Legionella species grown in iron-deficient media.	Reeves MW, Pine L, Neilands JB, Balows A.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.154.1.324-329.1983	1983
Enzymology	Evaluation of the Merifluor-Legionella immunofluorescent reagent for identifying and detecting 21 Legionella species.	Edelstein PH, Edelstein MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.11.2455-2458.1989	1989
	Legionellosis.	Blackmon JA, Chandler FW, Cherry WB, England AC, Feeley JC, Hicklin MD, McKinney RM, Wilkinson HW.	Am J Pathol		1981
	Guanine is a growth factor for Legionella species.	Pine L, Franzus MJ, Malcolm GB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.1.163-169.1986	1986
	Indirect immunofluorescence test for serodiagnosis of Legionnaires disease: evidence for serogroup diversity of Legionnaires disease bacterial antigens and for multiple specificity of human antibodies.	Wilkinson HW, Fikes BJ, Cruce DD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.9.3.379-383.1979	1979
Enzymology	Glutamine synthetase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: extracellular release and characterization of its enzymatic activity.	Harth G, Clemens DL, Horwitz MA.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.91.20.9342	1994
	Application of signature-tagged mutagenesis for identification of escherichia coli K1 genes that contribute to invasion of human brain microvascular endothelial cells.	Badger JL, Wass CA, Weissman SJ, Kim KS.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.68.9.5056-5061.2000	2000
	Citrobacter freundii invades and replicates in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.	Badger JL, Stins MF, Kim KS.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.67.8.4208-4215.1999	1999
Metabolism	TraJ-dependent Escherichia coli K1 interactions with professional phagocytes are important for early systemic dissemination of infection in the neonatal rat.	Hill VT, Townsend SM, Arias RS, Jenabi JM, Gomez-Gonzalez I, Shimada H, Badger JL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.72.1.478-488.2004	2004
	Lectins and their application to clinical microbiology.	Slifkin M, Doyle RJ.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.3.3.197	1990
Phylogeny	Legionella pneumophila serogroup Lansing 3 isolated from a patient with fatal pneumonia, and descriptions of L. pneumophila subsp. pneumophila subsp. nov., L. pneumophila subsp. fraseri subsp. nov., and L. pneumophila subsp. pascullei subsp. nov.	Brenner DJ, Steigerwalt AG, Epple P, Bibb WF, McKinney RM, Starnes RW, Colville JM, Selander RK, Edelstein PH, Moss CW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.9.1695-1703.1988	1988

References

#3194	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 7514
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#41840	; Curators of the CIP;
#45943	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 13398
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68377	Automatically annotated from API NH .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#121909	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103858
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

Rate our new design

Content

About us

Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri (DSM 7514, ATCC 33156, WDCM 00180)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API zym

API NH

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_003003755

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

Help

Social Media