Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei (CCUG 30501, DSM 20017, ATCC 15521)

BacDive ID 6570

Type strain

Strain Designation T.S.

Culture col. no. CCUG 30501 DSM 20017 ATCC 15521 WDCM 00015 T.S. 16 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1423833 1599 214326

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History DSMZ <- ATCC <- K. Kitahara, T.S. JCM <-- ATCC 15521 <-- K. Kitahara strain T.S (=37). CIP <- 1988, DSM <- ATCC <- K. Kitahara: strain T.S.

Links

Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei T.S. is a microaerophile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from "Moto" starter of sake.

Gram-positive rod-shaped microaerophile genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 370255

CCRC 14622,NCFB 2714,NBIMCC 3453,NBRC 15893,NCDO 2714,ATCC 15521,DSM 20017,CCUG 30501,CIP 103139,IFO 15893,JCM 1157,LMG 9468,LMG 13558,CECT 906,LMG 11718,NCIMB 13090,VTT E-991032,CCM 7203,LMG 16700

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:26

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Lactobacillales

Family Lactobacillaceae

Genus Lactobacillus

Species Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei

Full scientific name Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei corrig. (Katagiri et al. 1934) Torriani et al. 1996

Synonyms (2)

Lactobacillus sake subsp. sake
Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Motility	Confidence
122357	positive	rod-shaped
125438	positive			91.74

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
8430	MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MRS MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 11) Composition: Glucose 20.0 g/l Casein peptone 10.0 g/l Meat extract 10.0 g/l Na-acetate 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l (NH4)3 citrate 2.0 g/l K2HPO4 2.0 g/l Tween 80 1.0 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.2 g/l MnSO4 x H2O 0.05 g/l Distilled water
41837	MEDIUM 40- for Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Man Rogosa Sharp agar (68.000 g)
122357	CIP Medium 40	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
8430	positive	growth	30
41837	positive	growth	37
50121	positive	growth	37
67770	positive	growth	30
122357	positive	growth	10-37
122357	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
50121	microaerophile
122357	facultative anaerobe
125439	obligate aerobe	96.382

Compound production

8430

Compoundlactic acid racemase

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
8430	A11.31	A4alpha L-Lys-D-Asp

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
122357	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	builds gas from
122357	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
122357	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
122357	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	builds gas from
122357	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 5-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
122357	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test
122357	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
122357	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
122357	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
122357	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
122357	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
122357	oxidase	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
8430	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Engineered	#Food production	#Fermented
#Engineered	#Food production	#Beverage

Isolation

@ref	Sample type
8430	"Moto" starter of sake
50121	Sake starter,'Moto'
67770	Moto (starter of sake)
122357	Food, Starter of sake

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AM113784 (>99% sequence identity) for Latilactobacillus from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	2674
Soil Samples	1455
Animal Samples	21518
Plant Samples	1049
Total Samples	26696

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
8430	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
122357	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM237035v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei DSM 20017 = JCM 1157 LT-13	complete	GCA_002370355	1423833.5	2816332337	1423833	98.81
67770	ASM435447v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei ATCC 15521	contig	GCA_004354475	214326.6	2916471385	214326	73.33
66792	ASM2982353v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei LMG 9468	contig	GCA_029823535	1599.278	8116800081	1599	71.65
67770	ASM143406v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei DSM 20017 = JCM 1157	contig	GCA_001434065	1423833.3	2690316289	1423833	70.86
66792	ASM798916v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei NBRC 15893	contig	GCA_007989165	214326.8		214326	68.86
67770	ASM61536v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei DSM 20017 = JCM 1157	contig	GCA_000615365	1236943.3	2585427929	1423833	33.92

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Lactobacillus sakei ATCC 15521 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF429523	512	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sakei strain ATCC 15521 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; 16S-23S intergenic spacer, complete sequence; and 23S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF429610	548	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sake 16S/23S ribosomal RNA small intergenic spacer region, complete sequence	U97131	226	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sake 16S/23S ribosomal RNA large intergenic spacer region, tRNA-Ile and tRNA-Ala genes, complete sequence	U97137	436	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sakei partial 16S rRNA gene, strain type strain:DSM 20017	AM113784	1561	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei strain DSM 20017 16S small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY204893	1406	214326
20218	Lactobacillus sake 16S ribosomal RNA	M58829	1523	1599
20218	Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1157	AB289292	653	214326
67770	Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1157	LC064899	1521	214326
124043	Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 15893.	AB680993	1499	214326
124043	Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei ATCC 15521 gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence.	LC765289	1477	214326

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
8430	42.2
67770	41.1	genome sequence analysis

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM237035v1 assembly for Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei DSM 20017 = JCM 1157 LT-13
BV-BRC: 1423833.5

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	96.38	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	variable	57.73	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	46.38	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	38.60	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei DSM 20017 = JCM 1157 LT-13
NCBI: GCA_002370355.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	91.74	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	91.07	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	94.05	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	86.56	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	95.97	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	89.00	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Distribution, inducibility, and characterisation of prophages in Latilactobacillus sakei.	Ambros CL, Ehrmann MA.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-022-02675-y	2022
	Strain-Specific Identification and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Activity of Heat-Killed Latilactobacillus sakei K040706.	Chung KS, Choi JW, Shin JS, Kim SY, Han HS, Kim SY, Lee KY, Kang JY, Cho CW, Hong HD, Rhee YK, Lee KT.	Foods	10.3390/foods10123034	2021
Pathogenicity	High-Fat-Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress Linked to the Increased Colonization of Lactobacillus sakei in an Obese Population.	Lee JY, Bae E, Kim HY, Lee KM, Yoon SS, Lee DC.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00074-21	2021
	Effect of Fermentation Duration on the Quality Changes of Godulbaegi Kimchi.	Park JM, Zhang BZ, Kim JM.	Foods	10.3390/foods11071020	2022
	Rapid Acidification and Off-Flavor Reduction of Pea Protein by Fermentation with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeasts.	Zipori D, Hollmann J, Rigling M, Zhang Y, Weiss A, Schmidt H.	Foods	10.3390/foods13040588	2024
	In Vitro Anti-Candida albicans Mode of Action of Enterococcus mundtii and Enterococcus faecium.	Todorov SD, Weeks R, Popov I, Franco BDGM, Chikindas ML.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11030602	2023
Enzymology	Two genes encoding the beta-galactosidase of Lactobacillus sake.	Obst M, Meding ER, Vogel RF, Hammes WP.	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/13500872-141-12-3059	1995
	Single-crossover integration in the Lactobacillus sake chromosome and insertional inactivation of the ptsI and lacL genes.	Leloup L, Ehrlich SD, Zagorec M, Morel-Deville F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.63.6.2117-2123.1997	1997
Biotechnology	Radiation resistance of lactobacilli isolated from radurized meat relative to growth and environment.	Hastings JW, Holzapfel WH, Niemand JG.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.52.4.898-901.1986	1986
Stress	Influence of Heat Treatment and Lactic Acid Fermentation on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Pumpkin Juice.	Janiszewska-Turak E, Rybak K, Witrowa-Rajchert D, Pobiega K, Wierzbicka A, Ossowski S, Sekul J, Kufel A, Wisniewska A, Trych U, Szczepanska-Stolarczyk J, Krzykowski A, Gramza-Michalowska A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29194519	2024
	Synergistic Effect of Combination of Various Microbial Hurdles in the Biopreservation of Meat and Meat Products-Systematic Review.	Karbowiak M, Szymanski P, Zielinska D.	Foods	10.3390/foods12071430	2023
	Engineering circular bacteriocins: structural and functional effects of alpha-helix exchanges and disulfide introductions in circularin A.	Liu F, van Heel AJ, Kuipers OP.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1337647	2024
	Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Nano-probiotics Versus Free Probiotics Against Gastrointestinal Pathogenic Bacteria.	Al-Hazmi NE, Naguib DM.	Indian J Microbiol	10.1007/s12088-023-01140-2	2024
	Screening for effective cell-penetrating peptides with minimal impact on epithelial cells and gut commensals in vitro.	Gelli HP, Vazquez-Uribe R, Sommer MOA.	Front Pharmacol	10.3389/fphar.2022.1049324	2022
	Use of Starter Cultures in Foods from Animal Origin to Improve Their Safety.	Garcia-Diez J, Saraiva C.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph18052544	2021
Metabolism	Bacteriocin production and inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a in a potentially synbiotic cheese spread.	Martinez RC, Staliano CD, Vieira AD, Villarreal ML, Todorov SD, Saad SM, Franco BD.	Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.fm.2014.12.010	2015
	Bioluminescent monitoring of recombinant lactic acid bacteria and their products.	Choi IY, Oh J-H, Wang Z, van Pijkeren J-P.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01197-23	2023
Metabolism	Production of nisin by Lactococcus lactis in media with skimmed milk.	Penna TC, Jozala AF, De Lencastre Novaes LC, Pessoa A, Cholewa O.	Appl Biochem Biotechnol	10.1385/abab:122:1-3:0619	2005
	In vitro assessment of Enterococcus faecalis MTC 1032 as the potential probiotic in food supplements.	Tinrat S, Khuntayaporn P, Thirapanmethee K, Chomnawang MT.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-018-3155-5	2018
Phylogeny	Genomic identification of meat Lactobacilli as Lactobacillus sake.	Champomier MC, Montel MC, Grimont F, Grimont PA.	Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol	10.1016/0769-2609(87)90153-0	1987
	Development of an innovative nutraceutical fermented beverage from herbal mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) extract.	Ferrari Pereira Lima I, De Dea Lindner J, Soccol VT, Parada JL, Soccol CR.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms13010788	2012
Metabolism	Bioprospecting Antimicrobials from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: Key Factors Underlying Its Probiotic Action.	Rocchetti MT, Russo P, Capozzi V, Drider D, Spano G, Fiocco D.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms222112076	2021
	Production of an Amylase-Sensitive Bacteriocin by an Atypical Leuconostoc paramesenteroides Strain.	Lewus CB, Sun S, Montville TJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.58.1.143-149.1992	1992
Pathogenicity	Characterization of fatty acid composition, spore germination, and thermal resistance in a nisin-resistant mutant of Clostridium botulinum 169B and in the wild-type strain.	Mazzotta AS, Montville TJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.65.2.659-664.1999	1999
Pathogenicity	Interactions of nisin and pediocin PA-1 with closely related lactic acid bacteria that manifest over 100-fold differences in bacteriocin sensitivity.	Bennik MH, Verheul A, Abee T, Naaktgeboren-Stoffels G, Gorris LG, Smid EJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.63.9.3628-3636.1997	1997
Metabolism	Novel surface display system for proteins on non-genetically modified gram-positive bacteria.	Bosma T, Kanninga R, Neef J, Audouy SA, van Roosmalen ML, Steen A, Buist G, Kok J, Kuipers OP, Robillard G, Leenhouts K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.1.880-889.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	Frequency of bacteriocin resistance development and associated fitness costs in Listeria monocytogenes.	Gravesen A, Jydegaard Axelsen AM, Mendes da Silva J, Hansen TB, Knochel S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.2.756-764.2002	2002
	Antioxidant Activity and Other Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Korean Traditional Sweet Potato Stalk Kimchi.	Park JM, Moon JW, Zhang BZ, An BK.	Foods	10.3390/foods13203261	2024
Metabolism	Mechanisms underlying enhanced IgA production in Peyer's patch cells by membrane vesicles derived from Lactobacillus sakei.	Miyoshi Y, Saika A, Nagatake T, Matsunaga A, Kunisawa J, Katakura Y, Yamasaki-Yashiki S.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1093/bbb/zbab065	2021
	Utilization of Probiotic-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Postbiotics and Their Role in Mental Health Therapeutics.	Baek J, Lee S, Lee J, Park J, Choi E, Kang SS.	Food Sci Anim Resour	10.5851/kosfa.2024.e92	2024
	High productivity of immunostimulatory membrane vesicles of Limosilactobacillus antri using glycine.	Yamasaki-Yashiki S, Sakamoto Y, Nishimura K, Saika A, Ito T, Kunisawa J, Katakura Y.	Biosci Microbiota Food Health	10.12938/bmfh.2023-029	2024
	A critical evaluation of methodological and mechanistic insights on probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles.	Ronacher C, Gonzalez CF, Lorca GL.	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2025.1632232	2025
Pathogenicity	Novel Horizons in Postbiotics: Lactobacillaceae Extracellular Vesicles and Their Applications in Health and Disease.	Gonzalez-Lozano E, Garcia-Garcia J, Galvez J, Hidalgo-Garcia L, Rodriguez-Nogales A, Rodriguez-Cabezas ME, Sanchez M.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu14245296	2022
	RNA-Based Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Membrane Vesicles Derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.	Yamasaki-Yashiki S, Kawashima F, Saika A, Hosomi R, Kunisawa J, Katakura Y.	Foods	10.3390/foods13060967	2024
	Characteristics of alanine racemase in Lactobacillus sakeiZH-2 strain.	Kanauchi M, Matsumoto N.	Food Sci Nutr	10.1002/fsn3.3452	2023
	Extracellular Vesicles of Probiotics: Shedding Light on the Biological Activity and Future Applications.	Krzyzek P, Marinacci B, Vitale I, Grande R.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics15020522	2023
Phylogeny	Classification of Latilactobacillus sakei subspecies based on MALDI-TOF MS protein profiles using machine learning models.	Kim E, Yang S-M, Lee S-Y, Jung D-H, Kim H-Y.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.03668-23	2024
	Investigation of Bacteriocin Production Ability of Pediococcus acidilactici JM01 and Probiotic Properties Isolated From Tarak, a Conventional Korean Fermented Milk.	Ahn H, Lee HJ.	Food Sci Nutr	10.1002/fsn3.71003	2025
	Diversity of a Lactic Acid Bacterial Community during Fermentation of Gajami-Sikhae, a Traditional Korean Fermented Fish, as Determined by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.	Kim E, Won JE, Yang SM, Kim HJ, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods11070909	2022
	Comparison of Real-Time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR for the Quantitative Detection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum	Choi CH, Kim E, Yang SM, Kim DS, Suh SM, Lee GY, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods11091331	2022
Genetics	Differentiation of Lacticaseibacillus zeae Using Pan-Genome Analysis and Real-Time PCR Method Targeting a Unique Gene.	Kim E, Yang SM, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods10092112	2021
	GABA-Producing Lactococcus lactis Strains Isolated from Camel's Milk as Starters for the Production of GABA-Enriched Cheese.	Redruello B, Saidi Y, Sampedro L, Ladero V, Del Rio B, Alvarez MA.	Foods	10.3390/foods10030633	2021
Enzymology	Structural and functional analysis of the gene cluster encoding the enzymes of the arginine deiminase pathway of Lactobacillus sake.	Zuniga M, Champomier-Verges M, Zagorec M, Perez-Martinez G.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.180.16.4154-4159.1998	1998
	Phylogenomic analysis in Latilactobacillus sakei by using polymorphisms detected by next-generation sequencing.	Nishiyama C, Sekiguchi S, Sugihara Y, Nishikawa M, Makita N, Segawa T, Terasaki M, Takagi H, Koyanagi T.	Biosci Microbiota Food Health	10.12938/bmfh.2022-017	2023
	Functional genome analysis and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of a novel bacteriocinogenic Lactococcus sp. NH2-7C from Thai fermented pork (Nham).	Kingkaew E, Woraprayote W, Booncharoen A, Niwasabutra K, Janyaphisan T, Vilaichone RK, Yamaoka Y, Visessanguan W, Tanasupawat S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-47687-4	2023
	Isolation, Characterization, and Comparative Genomics of the Novel Potential Probiotics from Canine Feces.	Foongsawat N, Sunthornthummas S, Nantavisai K, Surachat K, Rangsiruji A, Sarawaneeyaruk S, Insian K, Sukontasing S, Suwannasai N, Pringsulaka O.	Food Sci Anim Resour	10.5851/kosfa.2023.e28	2023
Metabolism	Mutational analysis of the class IIa bacteriocin curvacin A and its orientation in target cell membranes.	Haugen HS, Kristiansen PE, Fimland G, Nissen-Meyer J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01068-08	2008
	Structure-function analysis of immunity proteins of pediocin-like bacteriocins: C-terminal parts of immunity proteins are involved in specific recognition of cognate bacteriocins.	Johnsen L, Fimland G, Mantzilas D, Nissen-Meyer J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.5.2647-2652.2004	2004
	Biochemical and genetic characterization of propionicin T1, a new bacteriocin from Propionibacterium thoenii.	Faye T, Langsrud T, Nes IF, Holo H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.10.4230-4236.2000	2000
	Engineering increased stability in the antimicrobial peptide pediocin PA-1.	Johnsen L, Fimland G, Eijsink V, Nissen-Meyer J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.11.4798-4802.2000	2000
Metabolism	Comparative studies of class IIa bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria.	Eijsink VG, Skeie M, Middelhoven PH, Brurberg MB, Nes IF.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.9.3275-3281.1998	1998
	Hydrolysis of pork muscle sarcoplasmic proteins by lactobacillus curvatus and lactobacillus sake.	Fadda S, Sanz Y, Vignolo G, Aristoy M, Oliver G, Toldra F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.65.2.578-584.1999	1999
Metabolism	An exported inducer peptide regulates bacteriocin production in Enterococcus faecium CTC492.	Nilsen T, Nes IF, Holo H.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.180.7.1848-1854.1998	1998
Metabolism	Identification and characterization of bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters found in multiple bacteriocins producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PUK6.	Kawahara A, Zendo T, Matsusaki H	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.01.008	2022
Phylogeny	Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. curvatus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. melibiosus subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus sake subsp. sake subsp. nov. and Lactobacillus sake subsp. carnosus subsp. nov., new subspecies of Lactobacillus curvatus Abo-Elnaga and Kandler 1965 and Lactobacillus sake Katagiri, Kitahara, and Fukami 1934 (Klein et al. 1996, emended descriptions), respectively.	Torriani S, Van Reenen GA, Klein G, Reuter G, Dellaglio F, Dicks LM.	Int J Syst Bacteriol	10.1099/00207713-46-4-1158	1996

References

#8430	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 20017
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#41837	; Curators of the CIP;
#50121	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 30501
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#122357	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103139
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei (CCUG 30501, DSM 20017, ATCC 15521)

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API 50CHac

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