Enterococcus hirae (CCUG 32258, NCIMB 8192, CCM 4533)

Name: Enterococcus hirae (CCUG 32258, NCIMB 8192, CCM 4533)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 5315

Type strain

Strain Designation M 19

Culture col. no. CCUG 32258 NCIMB 8192 CCM 4533 DSM 3320 ATCC 10541 8 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1354

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG CIP

History DSMZ <- ATCC; ATCC 10541 <- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Washington, D.C., USA; M 19 (Streptococcus faecalis) CIP <- 1958, NCIB <- 1950, ATCC <- FDA, Washington, USA: strain M19, Streptococcus faecalis

Links

Enterococcus hirae M 19 is a microaerophile, Gram-positive, coccus-shaped human pathogen that has multiple antibiotic resistances.

antibiotic resistance Gram-positive coccus-shaped microaerophile human pathogen genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 2257

LMG 10274,ATCC 10541,NCIMB 8192,NCTC 13383,NBRC 113010,NCIB 8192,CCUG 32258,CCM 4533,CIP 58.55,CECT 4081,CCRC 11547,CECT 214,KCTC 2012,BCRC 11547,KACC 10779,NCAIM B.02062,CDBB 1087,ACM 5050,CNCTC 5651,CGMCC 1.0997,DSM 3320

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:08

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Lactobacillales

Family Enterococcaceae

Genus Enterococcus

Species Enterococcus hirae

Full scientific name Enterococcus hirae Farrow and Collins 1985

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Enterococcus hirae** (24)	Type strain
5316	E. hirae DSM 20160, ATCC 8043, CCM 2423, CCUG 18659, ... (type strain)
130947	E. hirae SB, DSM 28619
24003	E. hirae Eh61, DSM 27815
135287	E. hirae AmMS 206, CIP 103564, ATCC 49135
143533	E. hirae CCUG 19908 B
145498	E. hirae CCUG 28689
145499	E. hirae CCUG 28690
147232	E. hirae CCUG 33114
149096	E. hirae CCUG 36850
149488	E. hirae CCUG 37829
150911	E. hirae CCUG 42698
152368	E. hirae CCUG 46536
152713	E. hirae CCUG 47453
153938	E. hirae CCUG 51711
154368	E. hirae CCUG 53265
154549	E. hirae CCUG 54371
155618	E. hirae CCUG 58425
158938	E. hirae WCA-386-APC-3D, DSM 100949
160038	E. hirae Cla-CZ-137, DSM 109134
165943	E. hirae JCM 8717
165944	E. hirae JCM 8718
165945	E. hirae JCM 8719
165946	E. hirae JCM 8720
174436	E. hirae 114598, DSM 114598

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119907	positive	coccus-shaped
125438	positive		91.917
125438			90

Colony morphology

@ref	Incubation period	Hemolysis ability
1357	1-2 days
119907		0

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
1357	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
1357	TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Yeast extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
41826	MEDIUM 29- Brain heart agar		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Brain heart infusion agar (52.000 g)
119907	CIP Medium 29	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
1357	positive	growth	37
41826	positive	growth	30
119907	positive	growth	10-45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
1357	microaerophile
125439	facultative anaerobe	90.95
119907	facultative anaerobe

Antibiotic susceptibility testing

	Test 1	Test 2	Test 3	Test 4	Test 5	Test 6	Test 7	Test 8	Test 9	Test 10	Test 11
@ref	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357	1357
Medium	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller-Hinton Agar	Mueller Hinton	Müller-Hinton Agar	Müller-Hinton Agar
Manual annotation	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm
Amikacin 30µg (disc)	14	12	12	6	12	12	6	12	12	8	10
Ampicillin 10µg (disc)	26-28	26-28	30	18	24	26	18	26	26	22	20
Aztreonam 30µg (disc)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bacitracin 10Unit	20	20	22	14	22	18	14	18	18	n.d.	n.d.
Cefalotin 30µg (disc)	16-18	18	18	8	14	14	8	14	14-16	n.d.	n.d.
Cefazolin 30µg (disc)	10	10	10-12	0	8	12	0	12	10	n.d.	n.d.
Cefiderocol 30µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	0	0
Cefotaxime 30µg (disc)	14	12	16	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ceftazidime 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	0	0
Ceftriaxone 30µg (disc)	14	16	18	n.d.	n.d.	0	n.d.	0	14	0	0
Chloramphenicol 30µg (disc)	26-28	28	26-28	16-18	26	24	16-18	24	24	24-26	20-22
Ciprofloxacin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	20-22	20
Clindamycin 10µg (disc)	10	12	10	n.d.	n.d.	10	n.d.	10	10	8-10	10
Colistin 10µg (disc)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	n.d.	n.d.
Colistin sulphate 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	0	0
Doxycycline 30µg (disc)	28-30	30	30	18-20	32-34	30	18-20	30	30	n.d.	n.d.
Erythromycin 15µg (disc)	26-28	28-30	28	14	28	26	14	26	28	28-30	22
Fosfomycin 50µg (disc)	20	20	20	n.d.	n.d.	20	n.d.	20	20	12	20
Gentamicin 10µg (disc)	16	12	12	8	14	12	8	12	12	n.d.	n.d.
Gentamicin 30µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	12-14	12
Imipenem 10µg (disc)	26	26	26	18-20	24	24	18-20	24	24-26	22	22
Kanamycin 30µg (disc)	16-18	12	12	8	24	12	8	12	12	10	10-12
Levofloxacin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	20	20-22
Lincomycin 15µg (disc)	10	8	8-10	6	8	8	6	8	6	n.d.	n.d.
Linezolid 10µg (disc)	22-24	28	28-30	n.d.	n.d.	28	n.d.	28	28	26	22
Meropenem 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	10	12
Mezlocillin 30µg (disc)	20-22	20	22	16-18	20	20	16-18	20	20	n.d.	n.d.
Moxifloxacin 5µg (disc)	24	24	24	n.d.	n.d.	24	n.d.	24	24	20	20
Neomycin 30µg (disc)	16-18	12	14	6	14	12	6	12	12	n.d.	n.d.
Nitrofurantoin 100µg (disc)	24	18	18	10	20	16-18	10	16-18	18	16	14
Norfloxacin 10µg (disc)	22	22	24	0	24	22	0	22	22	n.d.	n.d.
Nystatin 100Unit	0	0	0	n.d.	n.d.	0	n.d.	0	0	n.d.	n.d.
Ofloxacin 5µg (disc)	22	20	22	12	22	20	12	20	20-22	18	20
Oxacillin 5µg (disc)	12	10	10	0	0	8	0	8	10	0	0
Penicillin G 6µg (disc)	22-24	22-24	24	18	22	20-22	18	20-22	22	20	18-20
Pipemidic acid 20µg (disc)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	n.d.	n.d.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam 40µg (disc)	20	20	20	n.d.	n.d.	20	n.d.	20	20	n.d.	n.d.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam 110µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	20	16
Polymyxin B 300Unit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin 15µg (disc)	20	22	20-22	n.d.	n.d.	20	n.d.	20	20	n.d.	20
Rifampicin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	24	26
Teicoplanin 30µg (disc)	20	20	20	n.d.	n.d.	18	n.d.	18	20	20	16
Tetracycline 30µg (disc)	30	30-32	30	18-20	30-32	32	18-20	32	28	32	26
Ticarcillin 75µg (disc)	26-28	28	26-28	18-20	24-26	24	18-20	24	24	22	22
Tigecycline 15µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	20	20
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1:19) 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	20	24
Vancomycin 30µg (disc)	20-22	20	22	14	22	20	14	20	20	20	18

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
119907	NaCl	positive	growth	6.5 %

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
1357	A11.31	A4alpha L-Lys-D-Asp

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68381	40585 ChEBI	alpha-cyclodextrin	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	29016 ChEBI	arginine	+	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR
68381	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	320055 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
119907	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
119907	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68381	27941 ChEBI	pullulan	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API rID32STR
68381	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32STR

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	ChEBI	Metabolite	Resistance conc.
119907		0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)
1357	161680	Aztreonam	30 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	140376	Cefiderocol	30 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	3508	Ceftazidime	10 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	37943	Colistin	10 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	37943	Colistin sulphate	10 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	7660	Nystatin	100 Unit	from Antibiotic test
1357	75250	Pipemidic acid	20 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
1357	8309	Polymyxin B	300 Unit	from Antibiotic test

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		from API rID32STR
119907	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test
68381	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+	from API rID32STR

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
119907	alcohol dehydrogenase	+	1.1.1.1
68381	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API rID32STR
68381	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API rID32STR
119907	amylase	-
68381	arginine dihydrolase	+	3.5.3.6	from API rID32STR
68381	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API rID32STR
68381	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API rID32STR
68381	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API rID32STR
1357	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
119907	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
1357	cytochrome-c oxidase	-	1.9.3.1
119907	gelatinase	-
119907	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
119907	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68381	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	+	3.4.19.3	from API rID32STR
119907	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68381	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32STR

API rID32STR

@ref	ADH (Arg)	beta GLU	beta GAR	beta GUR	alpha GAL	PAL	RIB	MAN	SOR	LAC	TRE	RAF	SAC	LARA	DARL	Acid from alpha-cyclodextrinCDEX	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	Alanyl-Phenylalanyl-Proline arylamidaseAPPA	beta GAL	Pyrrolidonyl arylamidasePyrA	N-Acetyl-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	Glycyl-tryptophan arylamidaseGTA	HIP	GLYG	PUL	MAL	MEL	MLZ	Acidification of methyl beta-D-glucopyranosideMbeta DG	TAG	beta MAN	URE
1357	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+/-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	-
50934	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+/-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-
1357	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Pathogenicity animal	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
1357			2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119907			2	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
124043	ASM1612723v1 assembly for Enterococcus hirae FDAARGOS_1057	complete	GCA_016127235	1354.358	1354	98.41
124043	42912_C02 assembly for Enterococcus hirae NCTC13383	contig	GCA_900448015	1354.64	1354	78.78

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
124043	Enterococcus hirae partial 16S rRNA gene, strain CECT 4081	AJ554205	1007		1354

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM1612723v1 assembly for Enterococcus hirae FDAARGOS_1057
NCBI: GCA_016127235

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	90.95	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	51.49	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	40.34	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	66.55	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Enterococcus hirae strain FDAARGOS_1057 strain Not applicable
PATRIC: 1354.358

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	91.92	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	90.42	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	83.70	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	97.39	yes
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	96.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	90.00	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Modulation of innate immunity related genes resulting in prophylactic antimicrobial and antiviral properties.	Ferrucci V, Miceli M, Pagliuca C, Bianco O, Castaldo L, Izzo L, Cozzolino M, Zannella C, Oglio F, Polcaro A, Randazzo A, Colicchio R, Galdiero M, Berni Canani R, Salvatore P, Zollo M.	J Transl Med	10.1186/s12967-024-05378-2	2024
	Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing.	Schug AR, Scholtzek AD, Turnidge J, Meurer M, Schwarz S, Fessler AT, The Biocide Susceptibility Study Group.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens11020223	2022
	Investigations of microbial adaptation to singular, binary, and fully formulated quaternary ammonium compounds.	Willmott T, Kelly PP, Jadaan L, Gifford DR, Mercer SD, Humphreys GJ, Knight CG, Lu JR, McBain AJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00666-24	2024
Pathogenicity	Did granny know best? Evaluating the antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral efficacy of acetic acid for home care procedures.	Zinn MK, Bockmuhl D.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-020-01948-8	2020
	Rapid Diagnostic of Streptococcus suis in Necropsy Samples of Pigs by thrA-Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay.	Hess J, Kreitlow A, Rohn K, Hennig-Pauka I, Abdulmawjood A.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11102447	2023
	Biotechnological Potential of a Novel Strain of Fusarium proliferatum, a Terrestrial Fungus Adapted to Marine Environment.	Nappo A, Salamone M, Masi M, Morelli M, Annunziata M, Sonnessa M, Cimmino A, Bosso A, Culurciello R, Di Nardo I, Pizzo E, Costantini M, Zupo V, Aliberti F, Guida M, Carraturo F.	Environ Microbiol Rep	10.1111/1758-2229.70143	2025
	In vitro antimicrobial activity of an oral spray combining 0.15% benzydamine hydrochloride and 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride.	de Joannon AC, Eggers M, Boltri L.	Drugs Context	10.7573/dic.2024-9-3	2025
	Tolerance of clinical vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates against UV-C light from a mobile source.	Knobling B, Franke G, Belmar Campos C, Buttner H, Christner M, Klupp EM, Maurer PM, Knobloch JK.	Antimicrob Resist Infect Control	10.1186/s13756-023-01259-3	2023
	Enhanced Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sulfones and Sulfonamides via Cage-Like Silsesquioxane Incorporation.	Fuchs K, Janek T, Karpl M, Wladyczyn A, Ejfler J, John L.	Inorg Chem	10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c05156	2025
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	Repeat-exposure in vitro protocol to assess the risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development from use of personal care products: Case study using an antibacterial liquid handwash.	Shepherd JA, Parker MD.	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106851	2023
	Comprehensive evaluation of the bactericidal and anti-pathogenic efficacy of chemical disinfectants against antibiotic resistant ESKAPE clinical strains.	Mitache MM, Pindaru A, Barbu IC, Talapan D, Surleac M, Sarbu E, Marutescu L, Chifiriuc MC.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-025-04273-0	2025
	A Label-Free Optical Flow Cytometry Based-Method for Rapid Assay of Disinfectants' Bactericidal Activity.	Pindaru AM, Marutescu L, Popa M, Chifiriuc MC.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms25137158	2024
	New approaches to disinfection of thermolabile medical devices using an indirect method with cold atmospheric plasma-aerosol	Schaal T, Schmelz U, Pitten F, Tischendorf T.	Sci Rep		2025
	An enhanced, statistically repeatable method for screening antimicrobial formulations in laundry applications, an adaptation of BSI EN 17658.	Anello K, Parker AE, Porter L, Purevdorj-Gage L, Xu Q.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-025-92353-6	2025
	Label-Free Flow Cytometry: A Powerful Tool to Rapidly and Accurately Assess the Efficacy of Chemical Disinfectants.	Pindaru A, Marutescu LG, Popa M, Lambert C, Chifiriuc MC.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms13051156	2025
	Comparative evaluation of mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial effects of flavour and fragrance aldehydes, ketones, oximes, and oxime ethers.	Balcerzak L, Surowiak AK, Groborz K, Strozak S, Piekarska K, Strub DJ.	Toxicology	10.1016/j.tox.2023.153510	2023
	Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiling of Volatile Metabolites Produced by Some Bacillus spp. and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antibiotic Activities.	Koilybayeva M, Shynykul Z, Ustenova G, Waleron K, Jonca J, Mustafina K, Amirkhanova A, Koloskova Y, Bayaliyeva R, Akhayeva T, Alimzhanova M, Turgumbayeva A, Kurmangaliyeva G, Kantureyeva A, Batyrbayeva D, Alibayeva Z.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28227556	2023
	Molecular Characterization of Some Bacillus Species from Vegetables and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Antibiotic Potency.	Koilybayeva M, Shynykul Z, Ustenova G, Abzaliyeva S, Alimzhanova M, Amirkhanova A, Turgumbayeva A, Mustafina K, Yeleken G, Raganina K, Kapsalyamova E.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28073210	2023
	Structural and Biological Studies of Bioactive Silver(I) Complexes with Coumarin Acid Derivatives.	Wolska A, Drzewiecka-Antonik A, Barboza CA, Struga M, Stefanska J, Rejmak P, Klepka M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29214993	2024
	Influence of New Compound Disinfectant From N-Dodecyl-2-(Piridin-1-Ium)Acetamide Chloride on Pathogenic Microorganisms in Poultry Houses.	Chen N, Qin P, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wen H, Jia L, Li J, Zhu Z.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.735859	2021
	The Effect of Salvia tomentosa Miller Extracts, Rich in Rosmarinic, Salvianolic and Lithospermic Acids, on Bacteria Causing Opportunistic Infections.	Piatczak E, Kolniak-Ostek J, Gonciarz W, Lisiecki P, Kalinowska-Lis U, Szemraj M, Chmiela M, Zielinska S.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29030590	2024
	Production of biologically active hydroxytyrosol rich extract via catalytic conversion of tyrosol.	Bouguerra Neji S, Bouaziz M.	RSC Adv	10.1039/d1ra08875k	2022
	Functionalization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-Based Bioplastic with Phloretin for Active Food Packaging: Characterization of Its Mechanical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities.	Mirpoor SF, Patane GT, Corrado I, Giosafatto CVL, Ginestra G, Nostro A, Foti A, Gucciardi PG, Mandalari G, Barreca D, Gervasi T, Pezzella C.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms241411628	2023
	Decontamination Effect of Hypochlorous Acid Dry Mist on Selected Bacteria, Viruses, Spores, and Fungi as Well as on Components of Electronic Systems.	Nasilowska B, Wlodarski M, Kaliszewski M, Bogdanowicz Z, Krzowski L, Kopczynski K, Witkowski G, Czeczott-Urban A, Bombalska A, Urbanska M, Garbat K, Sowinska A, Kutwin M, Koperski W, Wozniak R, Mierczyk Z.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms25137198	2024
	Ultrasound-Based Recovery of Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Extracts of the Acidophilic Microalga Coccomyxa onubensis.	Ruiz-Dominguez MC, Robles M, Martin L, Beltran A, Gava R, Cuaresma M, Navarro F, Vilchez C.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md21090471	2023
	Mechanism-based peroxiredoxin 3 inhibitors exploit a covalent warhead for cancer therapy.	Nelson KJ, Smalley TL, Messier T, Gumpena R, Gandhi U, Milczarek S, Habibovic A, Hoffman H, Gibson V, Hondal RJ, Lowther WT, Cunniff B.	Sci Adv	10.1126/sciadv.ady4492	2025
	Application of tris-(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10 phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) Dichloride to Detection of Microorganisms in Pharmaceutical Products.	Halasa R, Turecka K, Smoktunowicz M, Mizerska U, Orlewska C.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph16060856	2023
	Water-Soluble NNN-Type Pincer Ligand and Its Platinum, Copper, and Cobalt Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Activity, and Computational Docking Study.	Ozcesmeci M, Katirci R, Yalcin MS, Ozdemir S.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.5c04925	2025
	An In Vitro Antimicrobial, Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of N-[(2-Arylmethylthio)phenylsulfonyl]cinnamamide Derivatives.	Bulakowska A, Slawinski J, Halasa R, Hering A, Gucwa M, Ochocka JR, Stefanowicz-Hajduk J.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28073087	2023
	Optimization of Mucoadhesive Oral Films Containing Olive Leaf Extract and Microencapsulated Thyme Essential Oil With Potential Antimicrobial Activity.	Goktas K, Yalcin D, Erdem C, Bicakci BT, Bayraktar O.	Food Sci Nutr	10.1002/fsn3.4603	2025
	Antibacterial activity of copper-decorated CeO₂ nanoparticles and preparation of antifouling polyethersulfone surface.	Sener L, Ozdemir S, Yalcin MS, Gulcan M, Dizge N.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40818	2024
	Disruption of the Cytoplasmic Membrane Structure and Barrier Function Underlies the Potent Antiseptic Activity of Octenidine in Gram-Positive Bacteria.	Malanovic N, Buttress JA, Vejzovic D, On A, Piller P, Kolb D, Lohner K, Strahl H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00180-22	2022
	Carvacrol-A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties.	Maczka W, Twardawska M, Grabarczyk M, Winska K.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics12050824	2023
	Bactericidal Activity of Ready-To-Use Alcohol-Based Commercial Wipes According to EN 16615 Carrier Standard.	Tarka P, Chojecka A, Paduch O, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kanecki K, Kierzkowska A.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph16183475	2019
	Improving Antimicrobial Properties of GelMA Biocomposite Hydrogels for Regenerative Endodontic Treatment	Dorterler O, Akgun B, Alper M, Ayhan F.	Polymers (Basel)		2024
Pathogenicity	The Digestibility of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Polyphenols Using an In Vitro Human Digestion Model and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity.	Majdoub YOE, Ginestra G, Mandalari G, Dugo P, Mondello L, Cacciola F.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu13072360	2021
Pathogenicity	Decolonization potential of 0.02% polyhexanide irrigation solution in urethral catheters under practice-like in vitro conditions.	Brill FHH, Gabriel H, Brill H, Klock JH, Steinmann J, Arndt A.	BMC Urol	10.1186/s12894-018-0362-3	2018
	Evaluation of Salvia yangii Extract as a Promising Protective Raw Material Applied Topically to the Skin.	Michalak M, Zagorska-Dziok M, Zarnowiec P, Ostrozka-Cieslik A, Bocho-Janiszewska A, Stryjecka M, Dobros N, Kostrzewa D, Paradowska K.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules30173505	2025
	Nano-Emulsification of Cinnamon and Curcuma Essential Oils for the Quality Improvement of Minced Meat Beef.	Dghais S, Ben Jemaa M, Chouchen M, Jallouli S, Ksouri R, Falleh H.	Foods	10.3390/foods12020235	2023
Pathogenicity	Comparison of bactericidal and fungicidal efficacy of antiseptic formulations according to EN 13727 and EN 13624 standards	Sahiner A, Halat E, Algin Yapar E.	Turk J Med Sci	10.3906/sag-1906-53	2019
	Biologically Active Preparations from the Leaves of Wild Plant Species of the Genus Rubus.	Kucharski L, Cybulska K, Kucharska E, Nowak A, Pelech R, Klimowicz A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27175486	2022
	The Antimicrobial Properties of Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Compounds and Relevance to CB2-Targeted Neurodegenerative Therapeutics.	Hong H, Sloan L, Saxena D, Scott DA.	Biomedicines	10.3390/biomedicines10081959	2022
	High-Efficiency Biocidal Solution Based on Radiochemically Synthesized Cu-Au Alloy Nanoparticles.	Lungulescu EM, Setnescu R, Patroi EA, Lungu MV, Patroi D, Ion I, Fierascu RC, Somoghi R, Stan M, Nicula NO.	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano11123388	2021
	Cytotoxicity, early safety screening, and antimicrobial potential of minor oxime constituents of essential oils and aromatic extracts.	Surowiak AK, Sowala M, Talma M, Groborz K, Balcerzak L, Lochynski S, Strub DJ.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-09210-z	2022
	Efficacy of a new coating of implant-abutment connections in reducing bacterial loading: an in vitro study.	Lauritano D, Bignozzi CA, Pazzi D, Cura F, Carinci F.	Oral Implantol (Rome)	10.11138/orl/2017.10.1.001	2017
Pathogenicity	Physical mechanisms driving the reversible aggregation of Staphylococcus aureus and response to antimicrobials.	Burel C, Dreyfus R, Purevdorj-Gage L.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-021-94457-1	2021
	Application of EN 16615 (4-Field Test) for the Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Selected Commercial and Self-Made Disinfectant Wipes.	Tyski S, Grzybowska W, Bocian E.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph18115932	2021
	International ring trial to validate a new method for testing the antimicrobial efficacy of domestic laundry products.	Monleon-Getino T, Cavalleri M.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0269556	2022
	The Genus Capsicum: A Review of Bioactive Properties of Its Polyphenolic and Capsaicinoid Composition.	Alonso-Villegas R, Gonzalez-Amaro RM, Figueroa-Hernandez CY, Rodriguez-Buenfil IM.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28104239	2023
Genetics	Ovine and Caprine Strains of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis on Czech Farms-A Comparative Study.	Markova J, Langova D, Babak V, Kostovova I.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12050875	2024
	Potential of Pine Biochar to Mitigate Bacterial Hazards Present in Recycled Manure Solids from Dairy Cows.	Pires AJ, Esteves AF, Pereira G, Geraldes C, Guerreiro JF, Abreu R, Magalhaes R, Chambel L, Silva E, Fangueiro D, Oliveira M, Bexiga R.	Vet Sci	10.3390/vetsci12010043	2025
Metabolism	Antiadhesive activity of the biosurfactant pseudofactin II secreted by the Arctic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens BD5.	Janek T, Lukaszewicz M, Krasowska A.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-24	2012
	Assessment of Microbial Reduction by Cage Washing and Thermal Disinfection using Quantitative Biologic Indicators for Spores, Viruses and Vegetative Bacteria.	Mocho JP, Coutot R, Douglas M, Szpiro L, Bouchami D, Durimel L, Moules V, Hardy P.	J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci	10.30802/aalas-jaalas-21-000026	2021
	Trehalose Lipid Biosurfactant Reduces Adhesion of Microbial Pathogens to Polystyrene and Silicone Surfaces: An Experimental and Computational Approach.	Janek T, Krasowska A, Czyznikowska Z, Lukaszewicz M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02441	2018
	Building trans-bicyclo[4.4.0]decanes/decenes in complex multifunctional frameworks: the case for antibiotic development.	Zhang W, Kaplan AR, Davison EK, Freeman JL, Brimble MA, Wuest WM.	Nat Prod Rep	10.1039/d0np00052c	2021
	AKVANO^®: A Novel Lipid Formulation System for Topical Drug Delivery-In Vitro Studies.	Holmback J, Rinwa V, Halthur T, Rinwa P, Carlsson A, Herslof B.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics14040794	2022
	Synthesis and characterization of Rosa canina-mediated biogenic silver nanoparticles for anti-oxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and DNA cleavage activities.	Gulbagca F, Ozdemir S, Gulcan M, Sen F.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02980	2019
	Safety and efficacy of l-valine produced by fermentation using Escherichia coli KCCM 80159 for all animal species.	EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Bampidis V, Azimonti G, de Lourdes Bastos M, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Kos Durjava M, Kouba M, Ramos F, Ramos F, Lopez-Alonso M, Lopez Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechova A, Petkova M, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Cocconcelli PS, Glandorf B, Herman L, Maradona MP, Saarela M, Anguita M, Holczknecht O, Galobart J, Manini P, Pettenati E, Pizzo F, Tarres-Call J.	EFSA J	10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6074	2020
	In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Effect on Biofilm Production of a White Grape Juice (Vitis vinifera) Extract.	Filocamo A, Bisignano C, Mandalari G, Navarra M.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2015/856243	2015
	Activity of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives with 4-Chloro-2-mercaptobenzenesulfonamide Moiety against Clinical HLAR and VRE Enterococcus spp.	Halasa R, Bulakowska A, Slawinski J, Smoktunowicz M, Rapacka-Zdonczyk A, Mizerska U.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics12121691	2023
Pathogenicity	3,4-DHPEA-EA from Olea Europaea L. is effective against standard and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus sp.	Bisignano C, Filocamo A, Ginestra G, Giofre' SV, Navarra M, Romeo R, Mandalari G.	Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob	10.1186/1476-0711-13-24	2014
Metabolism	The Influence of Ripeness on the Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne).	Mokhtar M, Bouamar S, Di Lorenzo A, Temporini C, Daglia M, Riazi A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26123623	2021
	Silver-Based Chemical Device as an Adjunct of Domestic Oral Hygiene: A Study on Periodontal Patients.	Candotto V, Lauritano D, Carinci F, Bignozzi CA, Pazzi D, Cura F, Severino M, Scarano A.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma11081483	2018
	Hyaluronic acid association with bacterial, fungal and viral infections: Can hyaluronic acid be used as an antimicrobial polymer for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications?	Zamboni F, Wong CK, Collins MN.	Bioact Mater	10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.023	2023
	The use of a new chemical device based on silver and cationic surfactants as a new approach for daily oral hygiene: A preliminary study on a group of periodontal patients.	Dorina L, Annalisa P, Ornella D, Alessandro B, Liliana O, Marco G, Di Girolamo M, Valentina C.	Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol	10.1177/2058738419868101	2019
	Synthesis, biological evaluation of antioxidant-antibacterial activities and computational studies of novel anthracene- and pyrene-based Schiff base derivatives.	GUmUS A, OkumuS V, GUmUS S.	Turk J Chem	10.3906/kim-2005-61	2020
	Biosynthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles using a novel Nocardiopsis sp. MBRC-1.	Manivasagan P, Venkatesan J, Senthilkumar K, Sivakumar K, Kim SK.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2013/287638	2013
	GS-2: A Novel Broad-Spectrum Agent for Environmental Microbial Control.	Mayfosh AJ, Day ZI, Unsworth NB, Liu CQ, Gupta R, Haynes S, Abraham R, Abraham S, Shaw ZL, Walia S, Elbourne A, Hulett MD, Rau TF.	Biomolecules	10.3390/biom12091293	2022
	Antibacterial, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activity capacities of Doronicum macrolepis (FREYN&SINT): An endemic plant from Turkey.	Ozcan K.	Saudi Pharm J	10.1016/j.jsps.2019.11.010	2020
	Fluoroquinolones' Biological Activities against Laboratory Microbes and Cancer Cell Lines.	Suaifan GARY, Mohammed AAM, Alkhawaja BA.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27051658	2022
	Novel Naja atra cardiotoxin 1 (CTX-1) derived antimicrobial peptides with broad spectrum activity.	Sala A, Cabassi CS, Santospirito D, Polverini E, Flisi S, Cavirani S, Taddei S.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0190778	2018
	Microwave-assisted preparation and antimicrobial activity of O-alkylamino benzofurancarboxylates.	Ostrowska K, Hejchman E, Wolska I, Kruszewska H, Maciejewska D.	Monatsh Chem	10.1007/s00706-013-1067-7	2013
Pathogenicity	Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Fibre-Type Cannabis sativa L. (Hemp).	Iseppi R, Brighenti V, Licata M, Lambertini A, Sabia C, Messi P, Pellati F, Benvenuti S.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules24122302	2019
	Self-Disinfecting Urethral Catheter to Overcome Urinary Infections: From Antimicrobial Photodynamic Action to Antibacterial Biochemical Entities.	Dias LD, Duarte LS, Naves PLF, Napolitano HB, Bagnato VS.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10122484	2022
Phylogeny	Evaluation of a Biocide Used in the Biological Isolation and Containment Unit of a Veterinary Teaching Hospital.	Geraldes C, Verdial C, Cunha E, Almeida V, Tavares L, Oliveira M, Gil S.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10060639	2021
	Assessment of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers for Long-Term Use, Formulated with Addition of Natural Ingredients in Comparison to WHO Formulation 1.	Fallica F, Leonardi C, Toscano V, Santonocito D, Leonardi P, Puglia C.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics13040571	2021
	Multicolor Emitting Carbon Dot-Reinforced PVA Composites as Edible Food Packaging Films and Coatings with Antimicrobial and UV-Blocking Properties.	Alas MO, Dogan G, Yalcin MS, Ozdemir S, Genc R.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.2c02984	2022
	Contribution of the Glucosinolate Fraction to the Overall Antioxidant Potential, Cytoprotection against Oxidative Insult and Antimicrobial Activity of Eruca sativa Mill. Leaves Extract.	Taviano MF, Melchini A, Filocamo A, Costa C, Catania S, Raciti R, Saha S, Needs P, Bisignano GG, Miceli N.	Pharmacogn Mag	10.4103/pm.pm_245_16	2017
	Antioxidative, Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activities of Phenolic Compounds from Three Myrcia Species.	Dos Santos C, Galaverna RS, Angolini CFF, Nunes VVA, de Almeida LFR, Ruiz ALTG, de Carvalho JE, Duarte RMT, Duarte MCT, Eberlin MN.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules23050986	2018
	Chitosan Ascorbate Nanoparticles for the Vaginal Delivery of Antibiotic Drugs in Atrophic Vaginitis.	Rossi S, Vigani B, Puccio A, Bonferoni MC, Sandri G, Ferrari F.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md15100319	2017
	An alternative approach to wound healing field; new composite films from natural polymers for mupirocin dermal delivery.	Ustundag Okur N, Hokenek N, Okur ME, Ayla S, Yoltas A, Siafaka PI, Cevher E.	Saudi Pharm J	10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.010	2019
	Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of selected 3-benzofurancarboxylic acid derivatives.	Kossakowski J, Krawiecka M, Kuran B, Stefanska J, Wolska I.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules15074737	2010
Pathogenicity	Bacterial membranes are the target for antimicrobial polysiloxane-methacrylate copolymer.	Jonca J, Tukaj C, Werel W, Mizerska U, Fortuniak W, Chojnowski J.	J Mater Sci Mater Med	10.1007/s10856-016-5669-6	2016
	Propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR) assay for rapid detection of viable and viable but non-culturable (VBNC) Pseudomonas aeruginosa in swimming pools.	Golpayegani A, Douraghi M, Rezaei F, Alimohammadi M, Nodehi RN.	J Environ Health Sci Eng	10.1007/s40201-019-00359-w	2019
	In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of leaf extracts of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Warburgia salutaris (Bertol. F.) Chiov and Curtisia dentata (Burm. F.) C.A.Sm - medicinal plants used in South Africa.	Soyingbe OS, Mongalo NI, Makhafola TJ.	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/s12906-018-2378-3	2018
	Antibacterial activity of selected commercial products for mouth washing and disinfection, assessed in accordance with PN-EN 1040.	Tyski S, Bocian E, Mikucka A, Grzybowska W.	Med Sci Monit	10.12659/msm.883952	2013
Phylogeny	One step forwards for the routine use of high-throughput DNA sequencing in environmental monitoring. An efficient and standardizable method to maximize the detection of environmental bacteria.	Bruno A, Sandionigi A, Galimberti A, Siani E, Labra M, Cocuzza C, Ferri E, Casiraghi M.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.421	2017
Pathogenicity	Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Indole-Derived Thioureas.	Sanna G, Madeddu S, Giliberti G, Piras S, Struga M, Wrzosek M, Kubiak-Tomaszewska G, Koziol AE, Savchenko O, Lis T, Stefanska J, Tomaszewski P, Skrzycki M, Szulczyk D.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules23102554	2018
	Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Co(III) Coordination Complexes With Diamine Chelate Ligands Against Reference and Clinical Strains of Candida spp.	Turecka K, Chylewska A, Kawiak A, Waleron KF.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.01594	2018
	Comprehensive approach for predicting toxicological effects of ionic liquids on several biological systems using unified descriptors.	Cho CW, Stolte S, Yun YS.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep33403	2016
Pathogenicity	Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin and its isolated compounds: antibacterial effect and antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines.	Abrao F, de Araujo Costa LD, Alves JM, Senedese JM, de Castro PT, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RC, Bastos JK, Tavares DC, Martins CH.	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/s12906-015-0961-4	2015
Metabolism	Peptidoglycan O acetylation and autolysin profile of Enterococcus faecalis in the viable but nonculturable state.	Pfeffer JM, Strating H, Weadge JT, Clarke AJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.188.3.902-908.2006	2006
	Enterocin X, a novel two-peptide bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium KU-B5, has an antibacterial spectrum entirely different from those of its component peptides.	Hu CB, Malaphan W, Zendo T, Nakayama J, Sonomoto K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02264-09	2010
Metabolism	Lactococcin Q, a novel two-peptide bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis QU 4.	Zendo T, Koga S, Shigeri Y, Nakayama J, Sonomoto K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.5.3383-3389.2006	2006
	Synthesis and Biological Activities of Ethyl 2-(2-pyridylacetate) Derivatives Containing Thiourea, 1,2,4-triazole, Thiadiazole and Oxadiazole Moieties.	Szulczyk D, Tomaszewski P, Jozwiak M, Koziol AE, Lis T, Collu D, Iuliano F, Struga M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules22030409	2017
	Reaction of bis[(2-chlorocarbonyl)phenyl] Diselenide with Phenols, Aminophenols, and Other Amines towards Diphenyl Diselenides with Antimicrobial and Antiviral Properties.	Giurg M, Golab A, Suchodolski J, Kaleta R, Krasowska A, Piasecki E, Pietka-Ottlik M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules22060974	2017
	Pitfalls in efficacy testing--how important is the validation of neutralization of chlorhexidine digluconate?	Reichel M, Heisig P, Kampf G.	Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob	10.1186/1476-0711-7-20	2008
Pathogenicity	Identification and characterization of lactocyclicin Q, a novel cyclic bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus sp. strain QU 12.	Sawa N, Zendo T, Kiyofuji J, Fujita K, Himeno K, Nakayama J, Sonomoto K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02299-08	2009
	Structural analysis and characterization of lacticin Q, a novel bacteriocin belonging to a new family of unmodified bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria.	Fujita K, Ichimasa S, Zendo T, Koga S, Yoneyama F, Nakayama J, Sonomoto K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02286-06	2007
	Development of antibiotics and the future of marine microorganisms to stem the tide of antibiotic resistance.	Kasanah N, Hamann MT.	Curr Opin Investig Drugs		2004
Metabolism	beta-cyanoalanine production by marine bacteria on cyanide-free medium and its specific inhibitory activity toward cyanobacteria.	Yoshikawa K, Adachi K, Nishijima M, Takadera T, Tamaki S, Harada K, Mochida K, Sano H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.2.718-722.2000	2000
	In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of a Neomycin-Polymyxin B-Nystatin Combination Compared to Metronidazole and Clindamycin Against the Main Bacteria Involved in Bacterial Vaginosis and Aerobic Vaginitis.	Feuillolay C, Salvatico S, Escola J, Quioc-Salomon B, Carrois F, Roques C.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph18030340	2025
	Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials.	Montagnin C, Cawthraw S, Ring I, Ostanello F, Smith RP, Davies R, Martelli F.	Animals (Basel)	10.3390/ani12202780	2022
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Mediated by Rose Bengal and Erythrosine Is Effective in the Control of Food-Related Bacteria in Planktonic and Biofilm States.	Silva AF, Borges A, Freitas CF, Hioka N, Mikcha JMG, Simoes M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules23092288	2018
Pathogenicity	Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis show different sensitivities to typical biocidal agents used for disinfection.	Suchomel M, Lenhardt A, Kampf G, Grisold A	J Hosp Infect	10.1016/j.jhin.2019.08.014	2019
Enzymology	The application of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for diagnosing Enterococcus hirae-associated endocarditis outbreaks in chickens.	Dolka B, Cisek AA, Szeleszczuk P	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-019-1420-z	2019
Pathogenicity	Isopropanol at 60% and at 70% are effective against 'isopropanol-tolerant' Enterococcus faecium.	Gebel J, Gemein S, Kampf G, Pidot SJ, Buetti N, Exner M	J Hosp Infect	10.1016/j.jhin.2019.01.024	2019
Pathogenicity	Neutralization efficiency of alcohol based products used for rapid hand disinfection	Chojecka A, Tarka P, Kierzkowska A, Nitsch-Osuch A, Kanecki K	Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig		2017
Pathogenicity	Enterococcus hirae biofilm formation on hospital material surfaces and effect of new biocides.	Di Lodovico S, Cataldi V, Di Campli E, Ancarani E, Cellini L, Di Giulio M	Environ Health Prev Med	10.1186/s12199-017-0670-3	2017
	Antimicrobial efficacy of the combination of chlorhexidine digluconate and dexpanthenol.	Kramer A, Assadian O, Koburger-Janssen T	GMS Hyg Infect Control	10.3205/dgkh000284	2016
	Effect of the amino chain length and the transformation into citric acid salts of aryl-diphenyl-butenes and ferrocenyl-diphenyl-butenes bearing two dimethylaminoalkyl chains on their antimicrobial activities.	Jellali K, Pigeon P, Trigui F, Top S, Aifa S, Jaouen G, El Arbi M	Springerplus	10.1186/2193-1801-2-508	2013
Pathogenicity	Resistance of enterococci to heat and chemical agents.	Renner P, Peters J	Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed		1999
Pathogenicity	[Experimental study of the antibacterial activity of cloth impregnated with a disinfectant solution].	Poinsot C, Blanc G, Garcin F, Joly B	Pathol Biol (Paris)		1993
	Component Composition and Biological Activity of Various Extracts of Onosma gmelinii (Boraginaceae).	Shilov SV, Ustenova GO, Kiyekbayeva LN, Korotetskiy IS, Kudashkina NV, Zubenko NV, Parenova RA, Jumagaziyeva AB, Iskakbayeva ZA, Kenesheva ST	Int J Biomater	10.1155/2022/4427804	2022

References

#1357	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 3320
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#41826	; Curators of the CIP;
#50934	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 32258
#68381	Automatically annotated from API rID32STR .
#119907	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 58.55
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Enterococcus hirae (CCUG 32258, NCIMB 8192, CCM 4533)

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