Pectobacterium carotovorum (DSM 30168, ATCC 15713, BS 1008)

Name: Pectobacterium carotovorum (DSM 30168, ATCC 15713, BS 1008)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 5022

Type strain

Strain Designation BS 1008, 904, type 32011

Culture col. no. DSM 30168 ATCC 15713 BS 1008 CCM 1008 NCPPB 312 6 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 554 555

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG CIP

History DSMZ <- ATCC <- NCPPB <- E. Hellmers, 904 CIP <- NCPPB: strain 312 <- E. Hellmers: strain 904

Links

Pectobacterium carotovorum BS 1008 is an aerobe, Gram-negative, motile plant pathogen that was isolated from potato.

Gram-negative motile rod-shaped aerobe plant pathogen genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 80251

LMG 2404,ATCC 15713,CCM 1008,CCUG 4907,CECT 225,DSM 30168,ICMP 5702,NCPPB 312,PDDCC 5702,NCAIM B.01109,VKM B-1247,CCRC 12851,CIP 82.83,CFBP 2046,KCTC 2496,BCRC 12851,CCT 0578,HAMBI 1429,KACC 10057,NRRL B-4072,VTT E-981115

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:04

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Enterobacterales

Family Pectobacteriaceae

Genus Pectobacterium

Species Pectobacterium carotovorum

Full scientific name Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (2)

"Bacillus carotovorus"
Erwinia carotovora

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Pectobacterium carotovorum** (14)	Type strain
5023	P. carotovorum IX B, DSM 30169, DSM 60109
5024	P. carotovorum 39-1/1, DSM 30170, DSM 60337
130953	P. carotovorum C3, DSM 23893
130952	P. carotovorum A6.2, DSM 23891
130951	P. carotovorum C364.2, DSM 23890
130950	P. carotovorum C267, DSM 23897
130949	P. carotovorum C150, DSM 23894
23006	P. carotovorum BPBB 8, Ecbr 8, DSM 14774, ATCC BAA-416
23007	P. carotovorum BPBB 212, Ecbr 212, DSM 14775, ATCC BAA-417
23008	P. carotovorum BPBB 213, Ecbr 213, DSM 14776, ATCC BAA-418
23009	P. carotovorum BCBB 371, Ecbr 371, DSM 14777, ATCC BAA-419
131038	P. carotovorum A45, DSM 23892
131829	P. carotovorum AGES769/14-A2, DSM 102074
157687	P. carotovorum BL19-1-37, DSM 108906

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
117193	negative	rod-shaped
125439	negative		98.256
125438	negative		99.5

Multimedia

@ref:	9177
multimedia content:	DSM_30168.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_30168.jpg
intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
manual_annotation:	1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
9177	REACTIVATION WITH LIQUID MEDIUM 1 (DSMZ Medium 1a)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: REACTIVATION WITH LIQUID MEDIUM 1 (DSMZ Medium 1a) Composition: Agar 15.0 g/l Peptone 5.0 g/l Meat extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
34625	MEDIUM 3 - Columbia agar		Columbia agar (39.000 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml)
117193	CIP Medium 3	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
9177	positive	growth	26
34625	positive	growth	30
44807	positive	growth	26
117193	positive	growth	10-37
117193	negative	growth	5
117193	negative	growth	41

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance
44807	aerobe
117193	facultative anaerobe

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		99.758

Compound production

@ref	Compound
9177	asparaginase
9177	glutaminase

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68368	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	+	fermentation	from API 20E
117193	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	carbon source
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	assimilation	from API 20E
68368	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	fermentation	from API 20E
117193	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+	fermentation
117193	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+	degradation
68368	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
117193	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	fermentation
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
117193	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	assimilation
117193	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	+	fermentation
68368	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+	fermentation	from API 20E
117193	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
117193	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
117193	132112 ChEBI	sodium thiosulfate	-	builds gas from
68368	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
117193	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
117193	35581 ChEBI	indole
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test	Indole test
117193	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+			from API 20E
117193	17234 ChEBI	glucose		+
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole			-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
117193	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API zym
117193	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68382	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
117193	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68368	cytochrome oxidase	-	1.9.3.1	from API 20E
68382	esterase (C 4)	-		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
117193	gelatinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
117193	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
117193	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
117193	oxidase	-
117193	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
68382	trypsin	+	3.4.21.4	from API zym
117193	tryptophan deaminase	-
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
117193	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	+		from API zym

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
9177	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.
9177	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
117193	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
117193	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Plants	#Herbaceous plants (Grass,Crops)
#Host Body-Site	#Plant	#Root (Rhizome)

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Isolation date
9177	potato
44807	Potato	Denmark	DNK	Europe
117193	Potato	Denmark	DNK	Europe	1952

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity plant	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
9177		1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
117193		1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	IMG-taxon 2695420962 annotated assembly for Pectobacterium carotovorum DSM 30168	scaffold	GCA_900129615	554.14	2695420962	554	72.05
66792	ASM103905v1 assembly for Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ICMP 5702	contig	GCA_001039055	1267545.3	2630968984	1267545	67.89
66792	ASM74985v1 assembly for Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum NCPPB 312	contig	GCA_000749855	555.15	2740892407	555	66.25

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: ATCC15713	AB242908	1110	555
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain ATCC 15713 16S-23S intergenic spacer region and tRNA-Glu gene, complete sequence	AF232684	451	555
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain ATCC 15713 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	EU490608	1223	555
20218	Erwinia carotovora 16S ribosomal RNA	M59149	1489	554
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain ATCC 15713 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	U80197	1457	555
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain CFBP2046 note sequence type I 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence	JF926731	1530	555
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain CFBP2046 note sequence type II 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence	JF926732	1530	555
20218	Erwinia carotovora 16S rRNA gene (strain DSM 30168)	AJ233411	1497	554
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain ICMP 5702 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	EF530557	1344	555
20218	Erwinia carotovora strain LMG2404 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer, complete sequence	AF209772	558	554
20218	Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strain IFB5263 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	KF704793	1296	555
20218	Erwinia carotovora LMG 2404-T 16S ribosomal RNA	Z96089	1497	554

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: IMG-taxon 2695420962 annotated assembly for Pectobacterium carotovorum DSM 30168
BV-BRC: 554.14

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	aerobe	77.50	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	98.26	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	84.03	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.76	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Pectobacterium carotovorum DSM 30168
NCBI: GCA_900129615.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	99.50	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	96.58	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	73.39	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	89.53	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	98.00	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	79.98	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Highly Targeted Detection of Priority Phytopathogen Pectobacterium brasiliense: From Obtaining Polyclonal Antibodies to Development and Approbation of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay and Lateral Flow Immunoassay.	Safenkova IV, Galushka PA, Varitsev YA, Kamionskaya MV, Drenova NV, Vasilyeva AA, Zherdev AV, Uskov AI, Dzantiev BB.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12122436	2024
Genetics	Pectobacterium carotovorum Phage vB_PcaM_P7_Pc Is a New Member of the Genus Certrevirus.	Naligama KN, Halmillawewa AP.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.03126-22	2022
Phylogeny	Species of Dickeya and Pectobacterium Isolated during an Outbreak of Blackleg and Soft Rot of Potato in Northeastern and North Central United States.	Curland RD, Mainello A, Perry KL, Hao J, Charkowski AO, Bull CT, McNally RR, Johnson SB, Rosenzweig N, Secor GA, Larkin RP, Gugino BK, Ishimaru CA.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9081733	2021
	Disrupting quorum sensing as a strategy to inhibit bacterial virulence in human, animal, and plant pathogens.	Gonzales M, Kergaravat B, Jacquet P, Billot R, Grizard D, Chabriere E, Plener L, Daude D.	Pathog Dis	10.1093/femspd/ftae009	2024
Metabolism	Autographivirinae Bacteriophage Arno 160 Infects Pectobacterium carotovorum via Depolymerization of the Bacterial O-Polysaccharide.	Shneider MM, Lukianova AA, Evseev PV, Shpirt AM, Kabilov MR, Tokmakova AD, Miroshnikov KK, Obraztsova EA, Baturina OA, Shashkov AS, Ignatov AN, Knirel YA, Miroshnikov KA.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms21093170	2020
	Data on a thermostable enzymatic one-pot reaction for the production of a high-value compound from l-arabinose.	Bawn M, Subrizi F, Lye GJ, Sheppard TD, Hailes HC, Ward JM.	Data Brief	10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.140	2018
Phylogeny	Pectobacterium atrosepticum Phage vB_PatP_CB5: A Member of the Proposed Genus 'Phimunavirus'.	Buttimer C, Lucid A, Neve H, Franz CMAP, O'Mahony J, Turner D, Lavigne R, Coffey A.	Viruses	10.3390/v10080394	2018
Genetics	Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB.	Buttimer C, Hendrix H, Oliveira H, Casey A, Neve H, McAuliffe O, Ross RP, Hill C, Noben JP, O'Mahony J, Lavigne R, Coffey A.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00044	2017
Phylogeny	Isolation and Characterization of a Bacteriocin-Like Substance Produced by Geobacillus toebii Strain HBB-247.	Basbulbul Ozdemir G, Biyik HH.	Indian J Microbiol	10.1007/s12088-011-0227-x	2012
Pathogenicity	De-novo design of antimicrobial peptides for plant protection.	Zeitler B, Herrera Diaz A, Dangel A, Thellmann M, Meyer H, Sattler M, Lindermayr C.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0071687	2013
	Flow cytometric evaluation of physico-chemical impact on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.	Frohling A, Schluter O.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2015.00939	2015
	DNA and RNA Extraction and Quantitative Real-Time PCR-Based Assays for Biogas Biocenoses in an Interlaboratory Comparison.	Lebuhn M, Derenko J, Rademacher A, Helbig S, Munk B, Pechtl A, Stolze Y, Prowe S, Schwarz WH, Schluter A, Liebl W, Klocke M.	Bioengineering (Basel)	10.3390/bioengineering3010007	2016
	Anaerobic Nitrate Respiration by Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica during Potato Tuber Invasion.	Smid EJ, Jansen AH, Tuijn CJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.11.3648-3653.1993	1993
Enzymology	Polynucleotide probes that target a hypervariable region of 16S rRNA genes to identify bacterial isolates corresponding to bands of community fingerprints.	Heuer H, Hartung K, Wieland G, Kramer I, Smalla K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.65.3.1045-1049.1999	1999
Phylogeny	High-resolution differentiation of Cyanobacteria by using rRNA-internal transcribed spacer denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.	Janse I, Meima M, Kardinaal WE, Zwart G.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.11.6634-6643.2003	2003
Enzymology	Effects of T4 lysozyme release from transgenic potato roots on bacterial rhizosphere communities are negligible relative to natural factors.	Heuer H, Kroppenstedt RM, Lottmann J, Berg G, Smalla K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.3.1325-1335.2002	2002
	Differential Resistance of Radish Cultivars against Bacterial Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.	Lee SM, Lee JJ, Kim H, Choi GJ.	Plant Pathol J	10.5423/ppj.oa.01.2024.0011	2024
	Development of a selective and differential medium for effective isolation of Pectobacterium carotovorum from soft rot-infected agricultural products.	Baek JH, Lee SY, Bae JY, Oh SW.	Food Sci Biotechnol	10.1007/s10068-024-01748-0	2025
	Rapid Detection and Quantification of Viable Cells of Pectobacterium brasiliense Using Propidium Monoazide Combined with Real-Time PCR.	Li J, Chen R, Yang R, Wei X, Xie H, Shi Y, Xie X, Chai A, Fan T, Li B, Li L.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11112808	2023
	Phylogeographic Analysis of Soft-Rot-Causing Pectobacterium spp. Strains Obtained from Cabbage in Serbia.	Jelusic A, Scortichini M, Markovic S, Mitrovic P, Ilicic R, Stankovic S, Popovic Milovanovic T.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11082122	2023
	The Influence of the Conditions of Cultivation of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Their Antagonistic Activity Against Some Plant Pathogenic Bacteria.	Vasyliuk O, Garmasheva I, Skrotskyi S, Khomenko L, Hretskyi I, Senchylo N.	Plant Direct	10.1002/pld3.70101	2025
	Diversity of Bacterial Soft Rot-Causing Pectobacterium Species Affecting Cabbage in Serbia.	Jelusic A, Mitrovic P, Markovic S, Ilicic R, Milovanovic P, Stankovic S, Popovic Milovanovic T.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11020335	2023
	Physico-Chemical and Antiadhesive Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Grapevine Cane Extract Films against Food Pathogenic Microorganisms.	Diaz-Galindo EP, Nesic A, Cabrera-Barjas G, Dublan-Garcia O, Ventura-Aguilar RI, Vazquez-Armenta FJ, Aguilar-Montes de Oca S, Mardones C, Ayala-Zavala JF.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym12122967	2020
	The Impact of Type VI Secretion System, Bacteriocins and Antibiotics on Bacterial Competition of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense and the Regulation of Carbapenem Biosynthesis by Iron and the Ferric-Uptake Regulator.	Shyntum DY, Nkomo NP, Shingange NL, Gricia AR, Bellieny-Rabelo D, Moleleki LN.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.02379	2019
	Fatty Acids from Hermetia illucens Larvae Fat Inhibit the Proliferation and Growth of Actual Phytopathogens.	Marusich E, Mohamed H, Afanasev Y, Leonov S.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8091423	2020
	Comparative Evaluation of LAMP, qPCR, Conventional PCR, and ELISA to Detect Ralstonia solanacearum in Kenyan Potato Fields.	Okiro LA, Tancos MA, Nyanjom SG, Smart CD, Parker ML.	Plant Dis	10.1094/pdis-03-18-0489-re	2019
	Sequential interspecies interactions affect production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites in Pseudomonas protegens DTU9.1.	Hansen ML, Wibowo M, Jarmusch SA, Larsen TO, Jelsbak L.	ISME J	10.1038/s41396-022-01322-8	2022
	Plasma-Treated Air and Water-Assessment of Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects for Sanitation of Food Processing Surfaces and Environment.	Schnabel U, Handorf O, Yarova K, Zessin B, Zechlin S, Sydow D, Zellmer E, Stachowiak J, Andrasch M, Below H, Ehlbeck J.	Foods	10.3390/foods8020055	2019
Metabolism	Pseudomonas chlororaphis Produces Two Distinct R-Tailocins That Contribute to Bacterial Competition in Biofilms and on Roots.	Dorosky RJ, Yu JM, Pierson LS, Pierson EA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00706-17	2017
	Bioactivity of essential oils extracted from Cupressus macrocarpa branchlets and Corymbia citriodora leaves grown in Egypt.	Salem MZM, Elansary HO, Ali HM, El-Settawy AA, Elshikh MS, Abdel-Salam EM, Skalicka-Wozniak K.	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/s12906-018-2085-0	2018
	The Great Five-an artificial bacterial consortium with antagonistic activity towards Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.: formulation, shelf life, and the ability to prevent soft rot of potato in storage.	Maciag T, Krzyzanowska DM, Jafra S, Siwinska J, Czajkowski R.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-020-10550-x	2020
	Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Dispersin B: The Quintessential Antibiofilm Enzyme.	Kaplan JB, Sukhishvili SA, Sailer M, Kridin K, Ramasubbu N.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens13080668	2024
Metabolism	Root mediated uptake of Salmonella is different from phyto-pathogen and associated with the colonization of edible organs.	Karmakar K, Nath U, Nataraja KN, Chakravortty D.	BMC Plant Biol	10.1186/s12870-018-1578-9	2018
	Bactericide, Immunomodulating, and Wound Healing Properties of Transgenic Kalanchoe pinnata Synergize with Antimicrobial Peptide Cecropin P1 In Vivo.	Lebedeva AA, Zakharchenko NS, Trubnikova EV, Medvedeva OA, Kuznetsova TV, Masgutova GA, Zylkova MV, Buryanov YI, Belous AS.	J Immunol Res	10.1155/2017/4645701	2017
Phylogeny	Phylogeny and virulence of naturally occurring type III secretion system-deficient Pectobacterium strains.	Kim HS, Ma B, Perna NT, Charkowski AO.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01336-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Antibiofilm activity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 capsular polysaccharide.	Karwacki MT, Kadouri DE, Bendaoud M, Izano EA, Sampathkumar V, Inzana TJ, Kaplan JB.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0063844	2013
	HrpW of Erwinia amylovora, a new harpin that contains a domain homologous to pectate lyases of a distinct class.	Kim JF, Beer SV.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.180.19.5203-5210.1998	1998
Metabolism	Comparison of pectic enzymes produced by Erwinia chrysanthemi, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, and Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica.	Ried JL, Collmer A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.52.2.305-310.1986	1986
Genetics	Whole genome and 16S rRNA dataset of Pectobacterium carotovorum strain 21TX0081 isolated from a symptomatic onion foliage in Texas.	Bhatta BP, Khanal M, Malla S.	Data Brief	10.1016/j.dib.2022.108823	2023
	Genetic Diversity of Pectobacterium spp. on Potato in Serbia.	Loc M, Milosevic D, Ivanovic Z, Ignjatov M, Budakov D, Grahovac J, Grahovac M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10091840	2022
	First Report of Pectobacterium parmentieri Causing Stem Rot Disease of Potato in Russia	Ngoc Ha VT, Voronina MV, Kabanova AP, Shneider MM, Korzhenkov AA, Toschakov SV, Miroshnikov KK, Miroshnikov KA, Ignatov AN.	Plant Dis	10.1094/pdis-11-17-1829-pdn	2019
	Microbial Diversity of Psychrotolerant Bacteria Isolated from Wild Flora of Andes Mountains and Patagonia of Chile towards the Selection of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Consortia to Alleviate Cold Stress in Plants.	Vega-Celedon P, Bravo G, Velasquez A, Cid FP, Valenzuela M, Ramirez I, Vasconez IN, Alvarez I, Jorquera MA, Seeger M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9030538	2021
	Basidiomycetes Are Particularly Sensitive to Bacterial Volatile Compounds: Mechanistic Insight Into the Case Study of Pseudomonas protegens Volatilome Against Heterobasidion abietinum.	Prigigallo MI, De Stradis A, Anand A, Mannerucci F, L'Haridon F, Weisskopf L, Bubici G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.684664	2021
	Development of PCR and TaqMan PCR Assays to Detect Pseudomonas coronafaciens, a Causal Agent of Halo Blight of Oats.	An JH, Noh YH, Kim YE, Lee HI, Cha JS.	Plant Pathol J	10.5423/ppj.oa.09.2014.0096	2015
	Comparative Genomics and In Vitro Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol Traits of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Wheat Rhizosphere.	Strafella S, Simpson DJ, Yaghoubi Khanghahi M, De Angelis M, Ganzle M, Minervini F, Crecchio C.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9010078	2020
Genetics	Three Phages One Host: Isolation and Characterization of Pantoea agglomerans Phages from a Grasshopper Specimen.	Zrelovs N, Jansons J, Kazaka T, Kazaks A, Dislers A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms24031820	2023
Phylogeny	Conventional and real-time PCRs for detection of Erwinia piriflorinigrans allow its distinction from the fire blight pathogen, Erwinia amylovora.	Barbe S, Bertolini E, Rosello M, Llop P, Lopez MM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03626-13	2014
	Characterization of pectolytic bacteria causing soft rot on sugar beet in the west of Iran	Seif S, Moarrefzadeh N, Sharifi R, Hosseini S.	Journal of phytopathology.		2024
Genetics	Comparative genomic and transcriptome analyses of two Pectobacterium brasiliense strains revealed distinct virulence determinants and phenotypic features.	Sun Y, Utpal H, Wu Y, Sun Q, Feng Z, Shen Y, Zhang R, Zhou X, Wu J.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362283	2024
	Pectobacterium atrosepticum and Pectobacterium carotovorum Harbor Distinct, Independently Acquired Integrative and Conjugative Elements Encoding Coronafacic Acid that Enhance Virulence on Potato Stems.	Panda P, Vanga BR, Lu A, Fiers M, Fineran PC, Butler R, Armstrong K, Ronson CW, Pitman AR.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00397	2016
Metabolism	Flashy flagella: flagellin modification is relatively common and highly versatile among the Enterobacteriaceae.	De Maayer P, Cowan DA.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-016-2735-x	2016
Metabolism	The role of innate immunity in the protection conferred by a bacterial infection against cancer: study of an invertebrate model.	Jacqueline C, Parvy JP, Rollin ML, Faugere D, Renaud F, Misse D, Thomas F, Roche B.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-66813-0	2020
	Antibacterial Activity of Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) Essential Oil Vapors against Microbial Contaminants of Food-Contact Surfaces.	Pinto L, Cervellieri S, Netti T, Lippolis V, Baruzzi F.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics13040371	2024
	Analytical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Zn-Modified Clays Embedding Thymol or Carvacrol.	Pinto L, Baruzzi F, Terzano R, Busto F, Marzulli A, Magno C, Cometa S, De Giglio E.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29153607	2024
	Discrimination and Detection of Erwinia amylovora and Erwinia pyrifoliae with a Single Primer Set.	Ham H, Kim K, Yang S, Kong HG, Lee MH, Jin YJ, Park DS.	Plant Pathol J	10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2022.0027	2022
	Validation and Application of a Real-time PCR Protocol for the Specific Detection and Quantification of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus in Potato.	Cho MS, Park DH, Namgung M, Ahn TY, Park DS.	Plant Pathol J	10.5423/ppj.oa.02.2015.0019	2015
Phylogeny	Endophytic Bacteria From the Roots of the Medicinal Plant Alkanna tinctoria Tausch (Boraginaceae): Exploration of Plant Growth Promoting Properties and Potential Role in the Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites.	Rat A, Naranjo HD, Krigas N, Grigoriadou K, Maloupa E, Alonso AV, Schneider C, Papageorgiou VP, Assimopoulou AN, Tsafantakis N, Fokialakis N, Willems A.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.633488	2021
Phylogeny	Identification of Xanthomonas fragariae, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans with novel markers and using a dot blot platform coupled with automatic data analysis.	Albuquerque P, Caridade CM, Marcal AR, Cruz J, Cruz L, Santos CL, Mendes MV, Tavares F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.05189-11	2011
	Genome Wide Analysis of the Potato Soft Rot Pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum Strain ICMP 5702 to Predict Novel Insights into Its Genetic Features.	Mallick T, Mishra R, Mohanty S, Joshi RK	Plant Pathol J	10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2021.0190	2022
	Versatile Antagonistic Activities of Soil-Borne Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. against Phytophthora infestans and Other Potato Pathogens.	Caulier S, Gillis A, Colau G, Licciardi F, Liepin M, Desoignies N, Modrie P, Legreve A, Mahillon J, Bragard C	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00143	2018
Genetics	Draft Genome Sequence for ICMP 5702, the Type Strain of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum That Causes Soft Rot Disease on Potato.	Panda P, Lu A, Armstrong KF, Pitman AR	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomeA.00875-15	2015
	Occurrence of Potato Soft Rot Caused by Erwinia carotovora (synonym Pectobacterium carotovorum) in Nepal: A First Report.	Lamichhane JR, Balestra GM, Varvaro L	Plant Dis	10.1094/PDIS-94-3-0382C	2010
	First Report of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum on Spathiphyllum wallisii in Argentina.	Alippi AM, Lopez AC	Plant Dis	10.1094/PDIS-93-8-0842C	2009
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of some macrophytes from Lake Manzalah (Egypt).	Fareed MF, Haroon AM, Rabeh SA	Pak J Biol Sci	10.3923/pjbs.2008.2454.2463	2008
Pathogenicity	Tomato as a New Host of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora in Argentina.	Alippi AM, Bo ED, Ronco LB, Casanova PE, Aguilar OM	Plant Dis	10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.2.230A	1997
Phylogeny	[Polyamines in representative taxa of coryneform and other bacteria].	Gvozdiak OP, Chernaia NE	Mikrobiol Zh		1990
Phylogeny	Elevation of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. odoriferum to species level as Pectobacterium odoriferum sp. nov., proposal of Pectobacterium brasiliense sp. nov. and Pectobacterium actinidiae sp. nov., emended description of Pectobacterium carotovorum and description of Pectobacterium versatile sp. nov., isolated from streams and symptoms on diverse plants.	Portier P, Pedron J, Taghouti G, Fischer-Le Saux M, Caullireau E, Bertrand C, Laurent A, Chawki K, Oulgazi S, Moumni M, Andrivon D, Dutrieux C, Faure D, Helias V, Barny MA	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.003611	2019
Phylogeny	Elevation of three subspecies of Pectobacterium carotovorum to species level: Pectobacterium atrosepticum sp. nov., Pectobacterium betavasculorum sp. nov. and Pectobacterium wasabiae sp. nov.	Gardan L, Gouy C, Christen R, Samson R	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.02423-0	2003

References

#9177	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 30168
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#34625	; Curators of the CIP;
#44807	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 4907
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#117193	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 82.83
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Pectobacterium carotovorum (DSM 30168, ATCC 15713, BS 1008)

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