Ewingella americana (CCUG 14506, NCTC 12157, LMG 7869)

Name: Ewingella americana (CCUG 14506, NCTC 12157, LMG 7869)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 4933

Type strain

Strain Designation 1468-78

Culture col. no. CCUG 14506 NCTC 12157 LMG 7869 CECT 859 CCM 4555 10 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 910964 41202

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM CIP

History DSMZ <- CIP <- P.A.D. Grimont <- CDC, 1468-78 JCM <-- CIP 81.94 <-- P. A. D. Grimont; Inst. Pasteur, France; 1468-78 <-- Kentucky State Health Dept., USA. CIP <- 1981, PAD Grimont, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France: strain 1468-78 <- Kentucky State Hlth. Dept., USA

Links

Ewingella americana 1468-78 is an aerobe, Gram-negative, motile bacterium that was isolated from throat.

Gram-negative motile rod-shaped aerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 13669

LMG 7869,ATCC 33852,CCUG 14506,CECT 859,DSM 4580,JCM 5911,NCTC 12157,JCM 32812,CIP 8194,CCM 4555,CIP 81.94,ICMP 15665

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:26:03

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Enterobacterales

Family Yersiniaceae

Genus Ewingella

Species Ewingella americana

Full scientific name Ewingella americana Grimont et al. 1984

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Ewingella americana** (14)	Type strain
137288	E. americana 22, 1875-76, CIP 104935
137334	E. americana CIP 107073
139292	E. americana 0864-79, 27, CIP 105017
143735	E. americana CCUG 21156
143736	E. americana CCUG 21157
143737	E. americana CCUG 21158
143738	E. americana CCUG 21159
143762	E. americana CCUG 21197
143763	E. americana CCUG 21198
145599	E. americana CCUG 28955
145954	E. americana CCUG 29956
148587	E. americana CCUG 35674
148588	E. americana CCUG 35675
150935	E. americana CCUG 42782

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
116326	negative	rod-shaped
125439	negative		98.94
125438	negative		99.5

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
37628	MEDIUM 3 - Columbia agar		Columbia agar (39.000 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml)
1778	TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Yeast extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
1778	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
116326	CIP Medium 3	Medium recipe at CIP
116326	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
1778	positive	growth	30
37628	positive	growth	30
46118	positive	growth	37
67770	positive	growth	30

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
46118	aerobe
116326	facultative anaerobe
125439	aerobe	90.714

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		99.833

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
116326	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
116326	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 2-ketogluconate	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	0 ChEBI	Potassium 5-ketogluconate	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
116326	35581 ChEBI	indole

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
116326	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
116326	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
116326	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	cellulose degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	taurine degradation	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	resorcinol degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	100	11 of 11
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	adipate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	100	7 of 7
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	gluconeogenesis	100	8 of 8
66794	acetoin degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	ethanol fermentation	100	2 of 2
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	vitamin K metabolism	100	5 of 5
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	100	7 of 7
66794	aerobactin biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	100	8 of 8
66794	ribulose monophosphate pathway	100	2 of 2
66794	photosynthesis	92.86	13 of 14
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	starch degradation	90	9 of 10
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	90	9 of 10
66794	purine metabolism	89.36	84 of 94
66794	NAD metabolism	88.89	16 of 18
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	valine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	87.5	7 of 8
66794	glutathione metabolism	85.71	12 of 14
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	85.71	12 of 14
66794	heme metabolism	85.71	12 of 14
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	83.33	5 of 6
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	82.14	23 of 28
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	81.82	9 of 11
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	81.25	13 of 16
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	80	36 of 45
66794	flavin biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	glycogen metabolism	80	4 of 5
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	serine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	urea cycle	76.92	10 of 13
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	76.92	10 of 13
66794	leucine metabolism	76.92	10 of 13
66794	isoleucine metabolism	75	6 of 8
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	75	6 of 8
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	proline metabolism	72.73	8 of 11
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
66794	non-pathway related	71.05	27 of 38
66794	arginine metabolism	70.83	17 of 24
66794	histidine metabolism	68.97	20 of 29
66794	degradation of sugar acids	68	17 of 25
66794	degradation of pentoses	67.86	19 of 28
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	67.03	61 of 91
66794	degradation of hexoses	66.67	12 of 18
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	66.67	8 of 12
66794	d-mannose degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	66.67	6 of 9
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	66.67	4 of 6
66794	cysteine metabolism	66.67	12 of 18
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	alanine metabolism	65.52	19 of 29
66794	methionine metabolism	65.38	17 of 26
66794	lipid metabolism	64.52	20 of 31
66794	citric acid cycle	64.29	9 of 14
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	61.54	8 of 13
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	60	3 of 5
66794	glycolysis	58.82	10 of 17
66794	propanol degradation	57.14	4 of 7
66794	tryptophan metabolism	55.26	21 of 38
66794	lysine metabolism	54.76	23 of 42
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	54.55	6 of 11
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	propionate fermentation	50	5 of 10
66794	ascorbate metabolism	50	11 of 22
66794	mannosylglycerate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	toluene degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	glycine metabolism	50	5 of 10
66794	tyrosine metabolism	50	7 of 14
66794	polyamine pathway	47.83	11 of 23
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	46.15	12 of 26
66794	allantoin degradation	44.44	4 of 9
66794	gallate degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	3-chlorocatechol degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	creatinine degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	38.89	7 of 18
66794	bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway	35.29	6 of 17
66794	phenol degradation	35	7 of 20
66794	sulfoquinovose degradation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	nitrate assimilation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	1,4-dihydroxy-6-naphthoate biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	3-phenylpropionate degradation	33.33	5 of 15
66794	sphingosine metabolism	33.33	2 of 6
66794	(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	31.25	5 of 16
66794	sulfate reduction	30.77	4 of 13
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	30.77	4 of 13
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	benzoyl-CoA degradation	28.57	2 of 7
66794	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	27.27	3 of 11
66794	d-xylose degradation	27.27	3 of 11
66794	carnitine metabolism	25	2 of 8
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	butanoate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	methanogenesis from CO2	25	3 of 12
66794	chlorophyll metabolism	22.22	4 of 18

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
116326	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
116326	not determinedn.d.	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+/-	+	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host Body-Site	#Oral cavity and airways	#Throat

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Host species	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Isolation date
1778	throat
46118	Human throat	Homo sapiens
67770	Human throat	Homo sapiens		USA	USA	North America
116326	Human, Throat	Homo sapiens	Kentucky	United States of America	USA	North America	1978

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence JN175329 (>99% sequence identity) for Yersiniaceae from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	108
Soil Samples	42
Animal Samples	420
Plant Samples	235
Total Samples	805

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
1778	2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
116326	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Phages

@ref	Name	Strain number
124042	Ewingella phage vB_EamM-PT-JD18	DSM 4580

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM869304v1 assembly for Ewingella americana CCUG 14506T	contig	GCA_008693045	41202.12	8062868937	41202	75.63
67770	GEAM_DRAFTv1 assembly for Ewingella americana ATCC 33852	contig	GCA_000735345	910964.7	2588253786	910964	60.55
66792	28193_C01 assembly for Ewingella americana NCTC12157	contig	GCA_900451015	41202.9	8117482133	41202	41.15

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Ewingella americana strain CIP 81.94 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence	JN175329	1534		41202
67770	Ewingella americana gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: GTC 1277	AB273745	1489		41202

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
67770	53.6-55.2	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM869304v1 assembly for Ewingella americana CCUG 14506T
NCBI: GCA_008693045

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	aerobe	90.71	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	98.94	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	64.12	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	99.83	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Ewingella americana ATCC 33852
PATRIC: 910964.7

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	99.50	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	98.62	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	68.28	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	87.94	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	99.99	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	77.11	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Functional and Genomic Analysis of Rouxiella badensis SER3 as a Novel Biocontrol Agent of Fungal Pathogens.	Morales-Cedeno LR, de Los Santos-Villalobos S, Santoyo G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.709855	2021
	Sepsis Caused by Ewingella americana in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report.	Jafarova Ayik H, Eyupler C, Yassa G, Aksu C, Duman N.	Cureus	10.7759/cureus.85641	2025
	Ewingella americana Infections in Humans-A Narrative Review.	Ioannou P, Baliou S, Kofteridis D.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics13060559	2024
	Toxicity of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by Pathogens Ewingella americana and Cedecea neteri Associated with Pleurotus pulmonarius.	Wei Z, Wang Y, Qiu J, Nie Y, Wang L, Liu B.	Toxins (Basel)	10.3390/toxins17090449	2025
	Effect of psychrotrophic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L75 with exoploysaccharides-producing property on fermentation, bacterial community, and antioxidant activity of oat silage at low temperature	Su R, Cui X, Guan H, Ke W, Liang Y, Chen H, Sheoran N, Jia M, Yang Y, Hao L, Zhao G, Guo X.	Anim Feed Sci Technol	10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116150	2024
Phylogeny	Rarity of Pseudomonas agarici on Edible Mushrooms Associated with Susceptibility to Biological Competition.	Moallem M, Hamidizade M, Taghavi SM, Aeini M, Abachi H, Haghighi S, Soleimani A, Hockett KL, Bull CT, Osdaghi E.	Plant Dis	10.1094/pdis-02-24-0374-re	2024
	Detection Ewingella americana from a patient with Andersson lesion in ankylosing spondylitis by metagenomic next-generation sequencing test: a case report.	Wu H, Wu X, Wu T, Miao X, Zheng S, Huang G, Cheng X.	BMC Musculoskelet Disord	10.1186/s12891-024-07680-y	2024
	Ewingella americana: An Emerging Multifaceted Pathogen of Edible Mushrooms.	Hamidizade M, Taghavi SM, Moallem M, Aeini M, Fazliarab A, Abachi H, Herschlag RA, Hockett KL, Bull CT, Osdaghi E.	Phytopathology	10.1094/phyto-08-22-0299-r	2023
	Osteolytic Lesions in a Sub-Adult Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta): A Case Report.	Pena Pascucci I, Pernas Mozas S, Garrido Sanchez L.	Animals (Basel)	10.3390/ani14091317	2024
	Microbiological Quality and Safety of Fresh Pork Meat with Special Reference to Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus and Other Staphylococci.	Martinez-Laorden A, Arraiz-Fernandez C, Ibanez-Torija G, Gonzalez-Fandos E.	Vet Sci	10.3390/vetsci12060568	2025
	The First Known Documented Case of Ewingella Americana Urinary Tract Infection.	Hourizadeh J, Joy J, Berger JI, Zainah H.	Cureus	10.7759/cureus.35640	2023
Phylogeny	Identification of bacterial communities associated with needle mushroom (Flammulina filiformis) and its production environment.	Liu Z, Cong Y, Sossah FL, Sheng H, Li Y.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1429213	2024
	A Case of Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis Caused by Ewingella americana.	Abrantes C, Freitas J, Silva T, Marques da Silva L, Carvalho MJ, Rodrigues A, Cabrita A.	Case Rep Infect Dis	10.1155/2022/5607080	2022
	An easy adjustment of instrument settings ('Peak MALDI') improves identification of organisms by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry.	Nellessen CM, Nehl DB.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-42328-2	2023
	Multi-year comparison of VITEK MS performance for identification of rarely encountered pathogenic Gram-negative organisms (GNOs) in a large integrated Canadian healthcare region.	Church DL, Griener T, Gregson D.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.02276-24	2024
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Phylogeny	Characterization of the olive fly (Bactrocera oleae) microbiome across diverse geographic regions of Morocco.	Yamlahi YE, Remmal I, Maurady A, Britel MR, Bakali AH, Mokhtar NB, Galiatsatos I, Stathopoulou P, Tsiamis G.	Insect Sci	10.1111/1744-7917.70126	2025
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Metabolism	Feeding on fungi: genomic and proteomic analysis of the enzymatic machinery of bacteria decomposing fungal biomass.	Starke R, Morais D, Vetrovsky T, Lopez Mondejar R, Baldrian P, Brabcova V.	Environ Microbiol	10.1111/1462-2920.15183	2020
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Enzymology	Microflora of fresh white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) during cold storage revealed by high-throughput sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry fingerprinting.	Qiu W, Huang Y, Zhao C, Lin Z, Lin W, Wang Z.	J Sci Food Agric	10.1002/jsfa.9695	2019
Phylogeny	Milk mineral composition is strongly associated with the human milk microbiome	Lopez Leyva L, Gonzalez E, Maurice C, Koski K.	Front Nutr		2025
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Metabolism	Rahnella sp., a Dominant Symbiont of the Core Gut Bacteriome of Dendroctonus Species, Has Metabolic Capacity to Degrade Xylan by Bifunctional Xylanase-Ferulic Acid Esterase.	Pineda-Mendoza RM, Zuniga G, Lopez MF, Hidalgo-Lara ME, Santiago-Hernandez A, Lopez-Lopez A, Orduna FNR, Cano-Ramirez C.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.911269	2022
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	Characterization of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteria from Fruit Bats in an Unprotected Area of Makokou, Gabon.	Mbehang Nguema PP, Onanga R, Ndong Atome GR, Obague Mbeang JC, Mabika Mabika A, Yaro M, Lounnas M, Dumont Y, Zohra ZF, Godreuil S, Bretagnolle F.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8010138	2020
Enzymology	Coliform accumulation in Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) (Cirripedia) and its use as an organic pollution bioindicator in the estuarine area of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.	Farrapeira CM, Mendes ES, Dourado J, Guimaraes J.	Braz J Biol	10.1590/s1519-69842010000200011	2010
Pathogenicity	A unique fatal case of Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome caused by Proteus mirabilis in an immunocompetent subject: Case report and literature analysis.	Ventura Spagnolo E, Mondello C, Roccuzzo S, Stassi C, Cardia L, Grieco A, Raffino C.	Medicine (Baltimore)	10.1097/md.0000000000016664	2019
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Pathogenicity	Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in herbal products.	Brown JC, Jiang X.	J Food Prot	10.4315/0362-028x-71.7.1486	2008
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Biotechnology	Microbiological Assessment of White Button Mushrooms with an Edible Film Coating.	Borges MM, Simoes AS, Miranda C, Sales H, Pontes R, Nunes J.	Foods	10.3390/foods12163061	2023
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Phylogeny	Presence of specific symbiotic bacteria in flies of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera Tephritidae) and their phylogenetic relationships: proposal of 'Candidatus Stammerula tephritidis'.	Mazzon L, Piscedda A, Simonato M, Martinez-Sanudo I, Squartini A, Girolami V.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.65287-0	2008
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Phylogeny	Occurrence of Internal Stipe Necrosis of Cultivated Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) Caused by Ewingella americana in Korea.	Lee CJ, Jhune CS, Cheong JC, Yun HS, Cho WD.	Mycobiology	10.4489/myco.2009.37.1.062	2009
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Genetics	Identification of novel bacterial biomarkers to detect bird scavenging by invasive rats.	Muletz-Wolz CR, Wilson Rankin E, McGrath-Blaser S, Venkatraman M, Maldonado JE, Gruner DS, Fleischer RC.	Ecol Evol	10.1002/ece3.7171	2021
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Phylogeny	The phylogenetic position of Serratia, Buttiauxella and some other genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae.	Sproer C, Mendrock U, Swiderski J, Lang E, Stackebrandt E.	Int J Syst Bacteriol	10.1099/00207713-49-4-1433	1999
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Metabolism	Diversity of bacteria associated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other nematodes isolated from Pinus pinaster trees with pine wilt disease.	Proenca DN, Francisco R, Santos CV, Lopes A, Fonseca L, Abrantes IM, Morais PV.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0015191	2010
Transcriptome	Transcriptional Changes on Blight Fruiting Body of Flammulina velutipes Caused by Two New Bacterial Pathogens.	Wang Q, Guo M, Xu R, Zhang J, Bian Y, Xiao Y.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.02845	2019
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Metabolism	Regulator RcsB Controls Prodigiosin Synthesis and Various Cellular Processes in Serratia marcescens JNB5-1.	Pan X, Tang M, You J, Liu F, Sun C, Osire T, Fu W, Yi G, Yang T, Yang ST, Rao Z.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02052-20	2021
Enzymology	BactQuant: an enhanced broad-coverage bacterial quantitative real-time PCR assay.	Liu CM, Aziz M, Kachur S, Hsueh PR, Huang YT, Keim P, Price LB.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-56	2012
Phylogeny	Pediatric multicenter evaluation of the Verigene gram-negative blood culture test for rapid detection of inpatient bacteremia involving gram-negative organisms, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and carbapenemases.	Sullivan KV, Deburger B, Roundtree SS, Ventrola CA, Blecker-Shelly DL, Mortensen JE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00737-14	2014
Enzymology	Wound colonization by Ewingella americana.	Bear N, Klugman KP, Tobiansky L, Koornhof HJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.3.650-651.1986	1986
	Plasmids as epidemiologic markers in nosocomial gram-negative bacilli: experience at a university and review of the literature.	John JF, Twitty JA.	Rev Infect Dis	10.1093/clinids/8.5.693	1986
	Plasmids of Ewingella americana: supplementary epidemiologic markers in an outbreak of pseudobacteremia.	Clark N, McNeil MM, Swenson JM, O'Hara C, Riddle CF, Anderson RL, Davis BJ, Shulman ST, Martone WJ, Solomon SL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.3.501-503.1987	1987
Enzymology	Understanding pine wilt disease: roles of the pine endophytic bacteria and of the bacteria carried by the disease-causing pinewood nematode.	Proenca DN, Grass G, Morais PV.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.415	2017
	Polymicrobial bacteremia caused by Ewingella americana (family Enterobacteriaceae) and an unusual Pseudomonas species.	Pien FD, Farmer JJ, Weaver RE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.18.3.727-729.1983	1983
Enzymology	Ewingella americana: recurrent pseudobacteremia from a persistent environmental reservoir.	McNeil MM, Davis BJ, Solomon SL, Anderson RL, Shulman ST, Gardner S, Kabat K, Martone WJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.3.498-500.1987	1987
Phylogeny	Use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequence polymorphisms for specific detection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains of serotypes O26:H11, O45:H2, O103:H2, O111:H8, O121:H19, O145:H28, and O157:H7 by real-time PCR.	Delannoy S, Beutin L, Fach P.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02097-12	2012
Metabolism	The general secretory pathway of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola BG164R is necessary for cavity disease in white button mushrooms.	Roy Chowdhury P, Heinemann JA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.5.3558-3565.2006	2006
	Victims or vectors: a survey of marine vertebrate zoonoses from coastal waters of the Northwest Atlantic.	Bogomolni AL, Gast RJ, Ellis JC, Dennett M, Pugliares KR, Lentell BJ, Moore MJ.	Dis Aquat Organ	10.3354/dao01936	2008
Phylogeny	Characterization of an obligate intracellular bacterium in the midgut epithelium of the bulrush bug Chilacis typhae (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae, Artheneinae).	Kuechler SM, Dettner K, Kehl S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02983-10	2011
	Mechanism of cross-contamination of blood culture bottles in outbreaks of pseudobacteremia associated with nonsterile blood collection tubes.	McNeil MM, Davis BJ, Anderson RL, Martone WJ, Solomon SL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.22.1.23-25.1985	1985
Metabolism	Fatty acids as a tool to understand microbial diversity and their role in food webs of Mediterranean temporary ponds.	de Carvalho CC, Caramujo MJ.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules19055570	2014
Phylogeny	The Changing Face of the Family Enterobacteriaceae (Order: "Enterobacterales"): New Members, Taxonomic Issues, Geographic Expansion, and New Diseases and Disease Syndromes.	Janda JM, Abbott SL.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.00174-20	2021
Metabolism	Inferring ancient metabolism using ancestral core metabolic models of enterobacteria.	Baumler DJ, Ma B, Reed JL, Perna NT.	BMC Syst Biol	10.1186/1752-0509-7-46	2013
Enzymology	Molecular method for detection of total coliforms in drinking water samples.	Maheux AF, Boudreau DK, Bisson MA, Dion-Dupont V, Bouchard S, Nkuranga M, Bergeron MG, Rodriguez MJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00546-14	2014
	TIR-only protein RBA1 recognizes a pathogen effector to regulate cell death in Arabidopsis.	Nishimura MT, Anderson RG, Cherkis KA, Law TF, Liu QL, Machius M, Nimchuk ZL, Yang L, Chung EH, El Kasmi F, Hyunh M, Osborne Nishimura E, Sondek JE, Dangl JL.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1620973114	2017
Enzymology	Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical and environmental samples by amplification of the exotoxin A gene using PCR.	Khan AA, Cerniglia CE.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.60.10.3739-3745.1994	1994
	Pathogenic shifts in endogenous microbiota impede tissue regeneration via distinct activation of TAK1/MKK/p38.	Arnold CP, Merryman MS, Harris-Arnold A, McKinney SA, Seidel CW, Loethen S, Proctor KN, Guo L, Sanchez Alvarado A.	Elife	10.7554/elife.16793	2016
Pathogenicity	Natural antibiotic susceptibility of Ewingella americana strains.	Stock I, Sherwood KJ, Wiedemann B	J Chemother	10.1179/joc.2003.15.5.428	2003
Phylogeny	Ewingella americana gen.nov., sp.nov., a new Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens.	Grimont PA, Farmer JJ 3rd, Grimont F, Asbury MA, Brenner DJ, Deval C	Ann Microbiol (Paris)	10.1016/0769-2609(83)90102-3	1983
	Ewingella allii sp. nov. isolated from a diseased onion plant in the Columbia Basin of Washington State, USA.	Mnguni FC, Shin GY, du Toit LJ, Derie ML, Coutinho TA.	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek	10.1007/s10482-025-02116-6	2025
Phylogeny	Rahnella victoriana sp. nov., Rahnella bruchi sp. nov., Rahnella woolbedingensis sp. nov., classification of Rahnella genomospecies 2 and 3 as Rahnella variigena sp. nov. and Rahnella inusitata sp. nov., respectively and emended description of the genus Rahnella.	Brady C, Hunter G, Kirk S, Arnold D, Denman S.	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2014.09.001	2014
	'Nissabacter archeti' gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of Enterobacteriaceae family, isolated from human sample at Archet 2 Hospital, Nice, France.	Mlaga KD, Lotte R, Montaudie H, Rolain JM, Ruimy R.	New Microbes New Infect	10.1016/j.nmni.2017.02.001	2017

References

#1778	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 4580
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#37628	; Curators of the CIP;
#46118	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 14506
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#116326	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 81.94
#124042	Johannes Wittmann, Clara Rolland, Lorenz Reimer, Joaquim Sardà: PhageDive .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Ewingella americana (CCUG 14506, NCTC 12157, LMG 7869)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

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Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

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API zym

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