Name: Paraglaciecola polaris DSM 16457
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 453

Type strain:

Species: Paraglaciecola polaris

Culture col. no.: DSM 16457, CIP 108324, LMG 21857, ARK 150

Strain history: CIP <- 2004, S. Van Trappen, Ghent Univ., Ghent, Belgium <- T.L. Tan, Wegener Inst.: strain ARK 150

NCBI tax ID(s): 1129793 (strain), 222814 (species)

SI-ID 28694

LMG 21857, CIP 108324, DSM 16457

Section

Paraglaciecola polaris DSM 16457 is an aerobe, psychrophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that was isolated from sea water .

Gram-negative
motile
rod-shaped
aerobe
psychrophilic
16S sequence
Bacteria
genome sequence

Information on the name and the taxonomic classification. Name and taxonomic classification

	Last LPSN update	14-12-2023 (DD-MM-YYYY)
	Domain	"Bacteria"
	Phylum	*Pseudomonadota*
	Class	*Gammaproteobacteria*
	Order	*Alteromonadales*
	Family	*Alteromonadaceae*
	Genus	*Paraglaciecola*
	Species	**Paraglaciecola polaris**
	Full Scientific Name (LPSN)	Paraglaciecola polaris (Van Trappen et al. 2004) Shivaji and Reddy 2014

Synonym

Glaciecola polaris

Information on morphological and physiological properties Morphology

[Ref.: #31245]	Gram stain	negative
[Ref.: #121925]	Gram stain	negative
[Ref.: #69480]	Gram stain	negative Confidence in %99.998

[Ref.: #31245]	Cell length	2.5 µm

[Ref.: #31245]	Cell width	0.4 µm

[Ref.: #31245]	Cell shape	rod-shaped
[Ref.: #121925]	Cell shape	rod-shaped

[Ref.: #31245]	Motility	yes
[Ref.: #121925]	Motility	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	Motility	yes Confidence in %98.57

[Ref.: #31245]

Pigment production

Information on culture and growth conditions Culture and growth conditions

[Ref.: #6448]

Culture medium

BACTO MARINE BROTH (DIFCO 2216) (DSMZ Medium 514)

[Ref.: #6448]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #6448]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

[Ref.: #6448]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #36580]

Culture medium

Marine agar (MA)

[Ref.: #36580]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #36580]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #121925]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 13

[Ref.: #121925]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #121925]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

	Kind of temperature		Temperature
[Ref.: #6448]		growth	20 °C
[Ref.: #31245]		growth	05-30 °C
[Ref.: #31245]		optimum	17.5 °C
[Ref.: #36580]		growth	20 °C
[Ref.: #121925]		growth	5-25 °C
[Ref.: #121925]	no	growth	30 °C

[Ref.: #6448]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #31245]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #36580]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #121925]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #121925]	Temperature range	mesophilic

Information on physiology and metabolism Physiology and metabolism

[Ref.: #31245]

Oxygen tolerance

aerobe

[Ref.: #69481]	Ability of spore formation	no Confidence in %100
[Ref.: #69480]	Ability of spore formation	no Confidence in %99.966

	Salt	Tested relation		Salt conc.
[Ref.: #31245]	NaCl		growth	<10	%
[Ref.: #31245]	NaCl		optimum	5	%
[Ref.: #121925]	NaCl		growth	2-6	%
[Ref.: #121925]	NaCl	no	growth	0	%
[Ref.: #121925]	NaCl	no	growth	8	%
[Ref.: #121925]	NaCl	no	growth	10	%

	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
[Ref.: #31245]	acetate ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	alanine ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	cellobiose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	dextrin ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	esculin ChEBI	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #121925]	esculin ChEBI	-	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #31245]	fructose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	galactose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	glucose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	glutamate ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	glycogen ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	L-arabitol ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	lactose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	leucine ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	maltose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	mannitol ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	mannose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	melibiose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	methyl D-glucoside ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	methyl pyruvate ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #121925]	nitrate ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #121925]	nitrite ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #31245]	propionate ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	raffinose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	salicin ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #121925]	sodium thiosulfate ChEBI	-	builds gas from
[Ref.: #31245]	sucrose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	trehalose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	tween 40 ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #31245]	tween 80 ChEBI	+	carbon source
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Metabolite production	Metabolite	Production
[Ref.: #121925]		indole ChEBI	no

	Enzyme	Enzyme activity	EC number
[Ref.: #31245]	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2
[Ref.: #68382]	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
[Ref.: #31245]	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1
[Ref.: #68382]	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	amylase	+
[Ref.: #121925]	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
[Ref.: #121925]	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #68382]	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase (C 4)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	gelatinase	+/-
[Ref.: #121925]	lecithinase	+
[Ref.: #68382]	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	lipase	+
[Ref.: #68382]	lipase (C 14)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
[Ref.: #68382]	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
[Ref.: #121925]	oxidase	+
[Ref.: #121925]	protease	+
[Ref.: #68382]	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	* from API zym
[Ref.: #121925]	tryptophan deaminase	-
[Ref.: #121925]	tween esterase	+
[Ref.: #121925]	urease	-	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #68382]	valine arylamidase	+		* from API zym
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

API® Biotype100:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
[Ref.: #121925]	2702	not determinedn.d.	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API® zym:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Control	2-naphthyl phosphateAlkaline phosphatase	2-naphthyl butyrateEsterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	2-naphthyl myristateLipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamideTrypsin	N-glutaryl-phenylalanine-2-naphthylamidealpha- Chymotrypsin	2-naphthyl phosphateAcid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-galactpyranosidealpha- Galactosidase	2-naphthyl-betaD-galactpyranosidebeta- Galactosidase	Naphthol-AS-BI-betaD-glucuronidebeta- Glucuronidase	2-naphthyl-alphaD-glucopyranosidealpha- Glucosidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-betaD-glucopyranosidebeta- Glucosidase	1-naphthyl-N-acetyl-betaD-glucosaminideN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-mannopyranosidealpha- Mannosidase	2-naphthyl-alphaL-fucopyranosidealpha- Fucosidase
[Ref.: #121925]	11089	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-

Information on isolation source, the sampling and environmental conditions Isolation, sampling and environmental information

[Ref.: #6448]	Sample type/isolated from	sea water (25m depth)
[Ref.: #6448]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	Arctic Ocean

[Ref.: #121925]	Sample type/isolated from	Environment, Arctic sea water
[Ref.: #121925]	Country	Western Greenland Sea
[Ref.: #121925]	Isolation date	1997
* marker position based on {}

Isolation sources categories

#Environmental

#Aquatic

#Marine

What are isolation sources categories?

[Ref.: #69479]

Global distribution of 16S sequence AJ293820 (>99% sequence identity) for Paraglaciecola polaris from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	515
Soil Samples	1
Animal Samples	41
Plant Samples	3
Total Samples	560

Information on possible application of the strain and its possible interaction with e.g. potential hosts Safety information

[Ref.: #6448]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
[Ref.: #121925]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (French classification)

Information on genomic background e.g. entries in nucleic sequence databass Sequence information

16S Sequence information:

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Sequence length (bp)	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #6448]	Glaciecola polaris 16S rRNA gene, type strain LMG 21857	AJ293820	1485	ENA	222814 tax ID

Genome sequence information:

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Assembly level	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #66792]	Paraglaciecola polaris LMG 21857	GCA_000315055	contig	GenBank	1129793 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857	1129793.3	wgs	PATRIC	1129793 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Paraglaciecola polaris LMG 21857	2531839185	draft	JGI IMG/M	1129793 tax ID	*

[Ref.: #31245]

GC-content

44.2 mol%

Data predicted using genome information as a basis Genome-based predictions

	Trait	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
	Predictions from GenomeNet Sporulation v. 1 based on: Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857 PATRIC: 1129793.3
[Ref.: #69481]	spore-forming	no	100	no

	Trait	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
	Predictions from Diaspora project based on: Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857 PATRIC: 1129793.3
[Ref.: #69480]	motile	yes	89.678	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	flagellated	yes	83.662	no
[Ref.: #69480]	gram-positive	no	99.065	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	anaerobic	no	98.418	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	halophile	yes	64.193	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	spore-forming	no	97.369	no
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-util	yes	93.676	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	aerobic	yes	87.863	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-ferment	no	79.274	no
[Ref.: #69480]	thermophile	no	99.696	yes

Availability in culture collections External links

[Ref.: #6448]

Culture collection no.

DSM 16457, CIP 108324, LMG 21857, ARK 150

[Ref.: #70132]

SI-ID 28694

Literature:

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Paraglaciecola marina sp. nov., isolated from marine alga (Sargassum natans (L.) Gaillon).	Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu T, Zhu X, Ma J, Su X, Kang J, Guo C	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.004132	2020	*
Metabolism	Gene cloning and expression of a glucoside 3-dehydrogenase from Sphingobacterium faecium ZJF-D6, and used it to produce N-p-nitrophenyl-3-ketovalidamine.	Zhang JF, Chen WQ, Chen H	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s11274-016-2187-0	2017	*
Phylogeny	Glaciecola agarilytica sp. nov., an agar-digesting marine bacterium from the East Sea, Korea.	Yong JJ, Park SJ, Kim HJ, Rhee SK	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.64723-0	2007	*
Phylogeny	Glaciecola polaris sp. nov., a novel budding and prosthecate bacterium from the Arctic Ocean, and emended description of the genus Glaciecola.	Van Trappen S, Tan TL, Yang J, Mergaert J, Swings J	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.63123-0	2004	*

References

#6448

Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 16457

#20215

Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )

#31245

Barberan A, Caceres Velazquez H, Jones S, Fierer N.: Hiding in Plain Sight: Mining Bacterial Species Records for Phenotypic Trait Information. mSphere 2: 2017 ( DOI 10.1128/mSphere.00237-17 , PubMed 28776041 ) - originally annotated from #27568 (see below)

#36580 ; Curators of the CIP;

#66792

Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .

#68382

Automatically annotated from API zym .

#69479

João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .

#69480

Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Predictions based on genome sequence made in the Diaspora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .

#69481

Xiao-Yin To, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Alice C. McHardy, Philipp C. Münch: Predictions based on the model GenomeNet Sporulation v. 1 . ( DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2527258/v1 )

#70132

Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.: StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers . ( DOI 10.60712/SI-ID28694.1 )

#121925 Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 108324

#27568

IJSEM 1765 2004 ( DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.63123-0 , PubMed 15388742 )

* These data were automatically processed and therefore are not curated

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Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857

Glaciecola polaris LMG 21857

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