Citrobacter freundii (DSM 30039, ATCC 8090, IFO 12681)

Name: Citrobacter freundii (DSM 30039, ATCC 8090, IFO 12681)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 4325

Type strain

Culture col. no. DSM 30039 ATCC 8090 IFO 12681 NBRC 12681 NCTC 9750 13 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1006003 546

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

History DSMZ <- ATCC; ATCC 8090 <- C. H. Werkman; JCM <-- R. Sakazaki 96 <-- ATCC 8090 <-- C. H. Werkman. CIP <- 1957, NCTC <- 1953, ATCC <- C.H. Werkman, strain Br (Braak)

Links

Citrobacter freundii DSM 30039 is an aerobe, Gram-negative, motile bacterium that has multiple antibiotic resistances and was isolated from water of a canal.

antibiotic resistance Gram-negative motile rod-shaped aerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 1750

LMG 3246,ATCC 13316,ATCC 8090,CCUG 418,CECT 401,DSM 30039,IFO 12681,LMG 3247,NCIB 11490,NCTC 9750,MTCC 1658,JCM 1657,NCIMB 11490,CIP 57.32,CCRC 10637,CCRC 12291,KCTC 2509,NBRC 12681,NRRL B-2643,NCCB 92011,LMD 92.11,HAMBI 1695,NCAIM B.01468,BCRC 12291,CCT 0522,CCT 1355,CCT 1442,IAM 12471,ICMP 7610,NBIMCC 3731,CDBB 955,ACM 2197,ACM 2458,ICMP 15657,CFBP 6647,VTT E-97778

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:25:54

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Gammaproteobacteria

Order Enterobacterales

Family Enterobacteriaceae

Genus Citrobacter

Species Citrobacter freundii

Full scientific name Citrobacter freundii (Braak 1928) Werkman and Gillen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (2)

"Bacterium freundii"
"Bethesda ballerupensis"

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Citrobacter freundii** (88)	Type strain
130908	C. freundii 1024, DSM 24120
4324	C. freundii B080, DSM 15979, NCIMB 12203
4326	C. freundii LRA 117.03.76, CCUG 53829, CCM 7187, CIP ...
4327	C. freundii B, strain B, DSM 25735, NCIMB 8645, NCTC ...
130291	C. freundii DSM 14984, WA 1
136896	C. freundii CIP 55.60
137337	C. freundii 621-64, CIP 104557
139596	C. freundii CIP 110120
141171	C. freundii CCUG 1
141564	C. freundii CCUG 3076 A
141619	C. freundii CCUG 3829 B
141708	C. freundii CCUG 5019
141714	C. freundii CCUG 5111
143593	C. freundii CCUG 20503
144409	C. freundii CCUG 24902
144566	C. freundii CCUG 25707
144616	C. freundii CCUG 25953 C
144661	C. freundii CCUG 26133
144662	C. freundii CCUG 26134
144663	C. freundii CCUG 26135
144668	C. freundii CCUG 26140
144671	C. freundii CCUG 26144
144697	C. freundii CCUG 26307
144764	C. freundii CCUG 26485
144853	C. freundii CCUG 26829
144856	C. freundii CCUG 26837
144905	C. freundii CCUG 27023
145417	C. freundii CCUG 28422
145885	C. freundii CCUG 29879
146545	C. freundii CCUG 31407
147693	C. freundii CCUG 34013
147976	C. freundii CCUG 34608
148362	C. freundii CCUG 35284
149111	C. freundii CCUG 36867
149911	C. freundii CCUG 38664
149925	C. freundii CCUG 38691
150640	C. freundii CCUG 41842
150803	C. freundii CCUG 42385
150804	C. freundii CCUG 42386
151274	C. freundii CCUG 43597
152759	C. freundii CCUG 47561
154230	C. freundii CCUG 52851
154309	C. freundii CCUG 53014
154551	C. freundii CCUG 54378
154742	C. freundii CCUG 55068
156739	C. freundii CCUG 64719
157319	C. freundii IMI 349011
158901	C. freundii BWKH 142, DSM 110183
163269	C. freundii JCM 24004
163274	C. freundii JCM 24058
163372	C. freundii JCM 2621
163373	C. freundii JCM 2622
163374	C. freundii JCM 2623
163375	C. freundii JCM 2624
163376	C. freundii JCM 2625
163377	C. freundii JCM 2626
163378	C. freundii JCM 2627
163379	C. freundii JCM 2628
163380	C. freundii JCM 2629
163381	C. freundii JCM 2630
163382	C. freundii JCM 2631
163383	C. freundii JCM 2632
163384	C. freundii JCM 2633
163385	C. freundii JCM 2634
163386	C. freundii JCM 2635
163387	C. freundii JCM 2636
163388	C. freundii JCM 2637
163389	C. freundii JCM 2640
163390	C. freundii JCM 2641
163391	C. freundii JCM 2642
163392	C. freundii JCM 2643
163393	C. freundii JCM 2644
163394	C. freundii JCM 2645
163395	C. freundii JCM 2646
163396	C. freundii JCM 2647
163397	C. freundii JCM 2648
163398	C. freundii JCM 2649
172823	C. freundii CIMB 05-2142, CRBIP17.45
174384	C. freundii 2053, TX 2053, DSM 117612
174385	C. freundii 2055, TX 2055, DSM 117613
174386	C. freundii TRS1-B4, DSM 117645
174387	C. freundii 1485, DSM 117906
174388	C. freundii 2167, DSM 117908
174389	C. freundii 4734, DSM 118267
176410	C. freundii TX 5622, DSM 118500
177883	C. freundii 10788, SF002749
179111	C. freundii IMET 10788, STI10788
177879	C. freundii FSU-2740, SF002740

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Motility	Confidence
119459	negative	rod-shaped
125438	negative			100

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
9097	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
9097	TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY YEAST EXTRACT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 92) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Yeast extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
42192	MEDIUM 72- for trypto casein soja agar		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Trypto casein soy agar (40.000 g)
119459	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
9097	positive	growth	30
42192	positive	growth	30
44198	positive	growth	37
67770	positive	growth	37
119459	positive	growth	10-41
119459	negative	growth	5

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
44198	aerobe
119459	facultative anaerobe
125439	aerobe	93.653

Antibiotic susceptibility testing

	Test 1	Test 2	Test 3	Test 4
@ref	9097	9097	9097	9097
Medium	Mueller-Hinton Agar	M 92	M 92	Müller-Hinton Agar
Manual annotation	1	1	1	1
	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm	Inhibition zone diameter in mm
Amikacin 30µg (disc)	26	26-28	26-28	26
Ampicillin 10µg (disc)	16	16	16	14
Aztreonam 30µg (disc)	42	42	42	42
Bacitracin 10Unit	0	0	0	n.d.
Cefalotin 30µg (disc)	14	14	14	n.d.
Cefazolin 30µg (disc)	20-22	20	20	n.d.
Cefiderocol 30µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	36
Cefotaxime 30µg (disc)	38	38	38	38
Ceftazidime 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	34
Ceftriaxone 30µg (disc)	36	36	36	38
Chloramphenicol 30µg (disc)	30	32	32	32
Ciprofloxacin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	42-44
Clindamycin 10µg (disc)	0	10-12	10-12	0
Colistin 10µg (disc)	14	14-16	14-16	n.d.
Colistin sulphate 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	14-16
Doxycycline 30µg (disc)	22	22-24	22-24	n.d.
Erythromycin 15µg (disc)	8	8	8	8
Fosfomycin 50µg (disc)	38	40	40	36
Gentamicin 10µg (disc)	24	24	24	n.d.
Gentamicin 30µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	24
Imipenem 10µg (disc)	34	32	32	32-34
Kanamycin 30µg (disc)	36	26	26	24
Levofloxacin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	42
Lincomycin 15µg (disc)	0	0	0	n.d.
Linezolid 10µg (disc)	0	0	0	0
Meropenem 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	40
Mezlocillin 30µg (disc)	26	26	26	n.d.
Moxifloxacin 5µg (disc)	34	32	32	38
Neomycin 30µg (disc)	20	20	20	n.d.
Nitrofurantoin 100µg (disc)	22-24	26	26	24
Norfloxacin 10µg (disc)	40	40	40	n.d.
Nystatin 100Unit	0	0	0	n.d.
Ofloxacin 5µg (disc)	38	34	34	40
Oxacillin 5µg (disc)	0	0	0	0
Penicillin G 6µg (disc)	0	0	0	0
Pipemidic acid 20µg (disc)	30	30	30	n.d.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam 40µg (disc)	32	32	32	n.d.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam 110µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	34
Polymyxin B 300Unit	14-16	16	16	14-16
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin 15µg (disc)	0	0	0	0
Rifampicin 5µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	6
Teicoplanin 30µg (disc)	0	0	0	0
Tetracycline 30µg (disc)	28-30	32	32	30
Ticarcillin 75µg (disc)	36	38	38	34-36
Tigecycline 15µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	24
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1:19) 10µg (disc)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	36
Vancomycin 30µg (disc)	0	10	10	0

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
119459
125439		95.677

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68368	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	+	fermentation	from API 20E
119459	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	carbon source
68368	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
119459	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+	fermentation
119459	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+	degradation
68368	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
119459	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	fermentation
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
119459	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	assimilation
119459	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	+	fermentation
119459	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
119459	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	+	reduction
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
119459	132112 ChEBI	sodium thiosulfate	+	builds gas from
68368	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	fermentation	from API 20E
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	ChEBI	Metabolite	Resistance conc.
9097	28669	Bacitracin	10 Unit	from Antibiotic test
9097	6472	Lincomycin	15 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
9097	63607	Linezolid	10 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
9097	7660	Nystatin	100 Unit	from Antibiotic test
9097	7809	Oxacillin	5 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
9097	18208	Penicillin G	6 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
9097		Quinupristin/Dalfopristin	15 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test
9097	29687	Teicoplanin	30 µg (disc)	from Antibiotic test

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
119459	35581 ChEBI	indole
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test
119459	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		-
119459	17234 ChEBI	glucose			+
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	-			from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
119459	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API zym
119459	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
119459	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68368	cytochrome oxidase	-	1.9.3.1	from API 20E
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		from API zym
119459	gelatinase	-
68368	gelatinase	-		from API 20E
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
119459	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
119459	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
119459	oxidase	-
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
119459	tryptophan deaminase	-
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
119459	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
9097	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.
9097	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.
9097	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.
9097	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
119459	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
119459	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

@ref	Sample type
9097	water of a canal
119459	Environment, Water (channel)

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AB626119 (>99% sequence identity) for Citrobacter from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	7413
Soil Samples	3252
Animal Samples	52478
Plant Samples	2947
Total Samples	66090

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
9097	2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119459	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM1106484v1 assembly for Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681	complete	GCA_011064845	1006003.13		1006003	98.94
66792	ASM75973v1 assembly for Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681	contig	GCA_000759735	1114920.3	2600255012	1006003	69.89
66792	28869_C01 assembly for Citrobacter freundii NCTC9750	complete	GCA_900635425	546.494	8117858067	546	67.87
66792	ASM73490v1 assembly for Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681	contig	GCA_000734905	1006003.7	2588253794	1006003	52.31
67770	ASM31246v1 assembly for Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681	contig	GCA_000312465	1006003.3	2519899575	1006003	43.98

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Citrobacter freundii strain ATCC 8090 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	FJ971857	797	1006003
20218	Citrobacter freundii partial 16S rRNA gene, strain ATCC 8090	FM207096	390	1006003
20218	Citrobacter freundii gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1657	AB626119	1464	546
20218	Citrobacter freundii partial 16S rRNA gene, strain LMG 3246	HG798906	1427	546
20218	Citrobacter freundii gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 12681	AB680314	1467	546
20218	Citrobacter freundii gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 12681	AB741688	1324	546
9097	Citrobacter freundii 16S rRNA gene (strain DSM 30039)	AJ233408	1505	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MN526966	491	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MN527267	491	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain DSM 30039(T) 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MK847857	1381	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858920	706	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MZ424504	1413	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PQ481719	1505	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859026	725	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859350	730	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859297	723	1006003
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858843	728	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859023	734	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859289	477	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP859342	739	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858379	711	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858287	717	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858270	713	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858933	727	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii strain LMG 3246 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PP858629	718	546
124043	Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 strain CIP 57.32 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KM515969	1827	1006003

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM1106484v1 assembly for Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681
BV-BRC: 1006003.13

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	aerobe	93.65	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	88.28	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	67.64	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	95.68	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658 = NBRC 12681 ATCC 8090
NCBI: GCA_011064845.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	100.00	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	96.61	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	71.74	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	89.12	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	98.50	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	77.01	no

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Genetics	Tracking of Antibiotic Resistance Transfer and Rapid Plasmid Evolution in a Hospital Setting by Nanopore Sequencing.	Peter S, Bosio M, Gross C, Bezdan D, Gutierrez J, Oberhettinger P, Liese J, Vogel W, Dorfel D, Berger L, Marschal M, Willmann M, Gut I, Gut M, Autenrieth I, Ossowski S.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.00525-20	2020
	Isolation of Antimicrobial Compounds From Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex. DC (Connaraceae) Leaves Through Bioassay-Guided Fractionation.	Kouakou K, Panda SK, Yang MR, Lu JG, Jiang ZH, Van Puyvelde L, Luyten W.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.00705	2019
	Gut bacteria convert glucocorticoids into progestins in the presence of hydrogen gas.	McCurry MD, D'Agostino GD, Walsh JT, Bisanz JE, Zalosnik I, Dong X, Morris DJ, Korzenik JR, Edlow AG, Balskus EP, Turnbaugh PJ, Huh JR, Devlin AS.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.005	2024
	Development and Validation of the MAST ISOPLEX^®VTEC Kit for Simultaneous Detection of Shiga Toxin/Verotoxin 1 and 2 (stx1/vt1 and stx2/vt2) with Inhibition Control (IC) in a Rapid Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Multiplex Assay.	Suwara MI, Bennett M, Voto IAP, Brownlie CA, Gillies EA.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms251810067	2024
	Aggrandizement of fermented cucumber through the action of autochthonous probiotic cum starter strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus.	Ahmed S, Ashraf F, Tariq M, Zaidi A.	Ann Microbiol	10.1186/s13213-021-01645-5	2021
Genetics	Genomic insights into nitrofurantoin resistance mechanisms and epidemiology in clinical Enterobacteriaceae.	Osei Sekyere J.	Future Sci OA	10.4155/fsoa-2017-0156	2018
	Rapid Molecular Approach for Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Vibrio cholera.	Ranjbar R, Naghoni A, Afshar D, Nikkhahi F, Mohammadi M.	Osong Public Health Res Perspect	10.1016/j.phrp.2016.10.002	2016
	Stress-induced metabolic exchanges between complementary bacterial types underly a dynamic mechanism of inter-species stress resistance.	Amarnath K, Narla AV, Pontrelli S, Dong J, Reddan J, Taylor BR, Caglar T, Schwartzman J, Sauer U, Cordero OX, Hwa T.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-38913-8	2023
Metabolism	Comparative analysis of LytS/LytTR-type histidine kinase/response regulator systems in gamma-proteobacteria.	Behr S, Brameyer S, Witting M, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Jung K.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0182993	2017
	Molecular Epidemiology of Global Carbapenemase-Producing Citrobacter spp. (2015-2017).	Nobrega D, Peirano G, Matsumura Y, Pitout JDD.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.04144-22	2023
Biotechnology	Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)-A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development.	Azizah NS, Irawan B, Kusmoro J, Safriansyah W, Farabi K, Oktavia D, Doni F, Miranti M.	Plants (Basel)	10.3390/plants12244148	2023
Pathogenicity	Isolation and identification of a bacteriocin with antibacterial and antibiofilm activity from Citrobacter freundii.	Shanks RM, Dashiff A, Alster JS, Kadouri DE.	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-012-0793-2	2012
Genetics	Comparative Genomic Analyses of Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Citrobacter werkmanii, an Emerging Opportunistic Pathogen.	Aguirre-Sanchez JR, Quinones B, Ortiz-Munoz JA, Prieto-Alvarado R, Vega-Lopez IF, Martinez-Urtaza J, Lee BG, Chaidez C.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11082114	2023
Metabolism	Citrobacter freundii fitness during bloodstream infection.	Anderson MT, Mitchell LA, Zhao L, Mobley HLT.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-30196-0	2018
Metabolism	Steroids from Marine-Derived Fungi: Evaluation of Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activities of Eburicol.	Dos Santos Dias AC, Couzinet-Mossion A, Ruiz N, Lakhdar F, Etahiri S, Bertrand S, Ory L, Roussakis C, Pouchus YF, Nazih EH, Wielgosz-Collin G.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md17060372	2019
	Development of multiplex cross displacement amplification combined with lateral flow biosensor assay for detection of virulent shigella sonnei.	Wang Y, He Z, Ablimit P, Ji S, Jin D.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2022.1012105	2022
	A Robust Metatranscriptomic Technology for Population-Scale Studies of Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Human Health.	Hatch A, Horne J, Toma R, Twibell BL, Somerville KM, Pelle B, Canfield KP, Genkin M, Banavar G, Perlina A, Messier H, Klitgord N, Vuyisich M.	Int J Genomics	10.1155/2019/1718741	2019
	Probiotic Potentiality from Versatile Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains as Resource to Enhance Freshwater Fish Health.	Iorizzo M, Albanese G, Letizia F, Testa B, Tremonte P, Vergalito F, Lombardi SJ, Succi M, Coppola R, Sorrentino E.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10020463	2022
Phylogeny	A high-throughput antibody-based microarray typing platform.	Gehring A, Barnett C, Chu T, DebRoy C, D'Souza D, Eaker S, Fratamico P, Gillespie B, Hegde N, Jones K, Lin J, Oliver S, Paoli G, Perera A, Uknalis J.	Sensors (Basel)	10.3390/s130505737	2013
Metabolism	Regulator-dependent temporal dynamics of a restriction-modification system's gene expression upon entering new host cells: single-cell and population studies.	Negri A, Werbowy O, Wons E, Dersch S, Hinrichs R, Graumann PL, Mruk I.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkab183	2021
	Soleris® Automated System for the Rapid Detection of Burkholderia cepacia Complex in Cosmetic Products.	Zhang L, Tolan J, Lavigne N, Montei C, Donofrio R, Biswas P.	J AOAC Int	10.1093/jaoacint/qsac109	2022
	Skin secretions of Leptodactylidae (Anura) and their potential applications.	Carrillo JFC, Boaretto AG, Santana DJ, Silva DB.	J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis	10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0042	2024
Pathogenicity	INVESTIGATION OF ANTIHEMOLYTIC, XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITION, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF SALVIA VERBENACA L. AERIAL PART EXTRACTS.	Belkhiri F, Baghiani A, Zerroug MM, Arrar L.	Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med	10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.29	2017
	Biodegradation of used engine oil by novel strains of Ochrobactrum anthropi HM-1 and Citrobacter freundii HM-2 isolated from oil-contaminated soil.	Ibrahim HM.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-016-0540-5	2016
	Soft rot pathogen Dickeya dadantii 3937 produces tailocins resembling the tails of Peduovirus P2.	Borowicz M, Krzyzanowska DM, Narajczyk M, Sobolewska M, Rajewska M, Czaplewska P, Wegrzyn K, Czajkowski R.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1307349	2023
	Genomic and phenotypic characterisation of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae in Durban, South Africa.	Osei Sekyere J, Amoako DG.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0178888	2017
	Repurposing Clinically Approved Drugs for the Treatment of Bacillus cereus, a Surrogate for Bacillus anthracis.	Amakawa M, Gunawardana S, Jabbour A, Hernandez A, Pasos C, Alameh S, Martchenko Shilman M, Levitin A.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.0c03207	2020
Genetics	Directed evolution of multiple genomic loci allows the prediction of antibiotic resistance.	Nyerges A, Csorgo B, Draskovits G, Kintses B, Szili P, Ferenc G, Revesz T, Ari E, Nagy I, Balint B, Vasarhelyi BM, Bihari P, Szamel M, Balogh D, Papp H, Kalapis D, Papp B, Pal C.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1801646115	2018
Metabolism	Isolation of Bdellovibrio sp. from soil samples in Mexico and their potential applications in control of pathogens.	Oyedara OO, De Luna-Santillana EJ, Olguin-Rodriguez O, Guo X, Mendoza-Villa MA, Menchaca-Arredondo JL, Elufisan TO, Garza-Hernandez JA, Garcia Leon I, Rodriguez-Perez MA.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.382	2016
	Validation of MICA Legionella for Enumeration of Legionella pneumophila in Sanitary Waters and Cooling Tower Waters: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 032201.	Passot F, Peslier S, Benzinger MJ, Blackburn J, Thompson W, Bastin B, Dumont A, Dukan S.	J AOAC Int	10.1093/jaoacint/qsac150	2023
Genetics	The draft genome of Staphylococcus warneri TRPF4, a bacteriocin producer with potent activity against the causative agent of Legionnaires' Disease.	Freitas FS, Vidigal PMP, Siqueira TP, de Barros M, Totola MR.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-020-02231-3	2020
	Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon nardus citronella essential oil against systemic bacteria of aquatic animals.	Wei LS, Wee W.	Iran J Microbiol		2013
	Identification of Bithionol, Dichlorophen, and Miconazole as Antibacterial Agents against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.	Khaw TH, Wong SNM, Herle G, Dahua JPG, Logan A, Alameh S, Martchenko Shilman M, Levitin A.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.0c03211	2020
	Petrophilic, Fe(III) Reducing Exoelectrogen Citrobacter sp. KVM11, Isolated From Hydrocarbon Fed Microbial Electrochemical Remediation Systems.	Venkidusamy K, Hari AR, Megharaj M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00349	2018
	Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Antibacterial and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Novel Macroacyclic Schiff Bases and Their Cu (II) Complexes Derived from S-Methyl and S-Benzyl Dithiocarbazate.	Break MKB, Fung TY, Koh MZ, Ho WY, Tahir MIM, Elfar OA, Syed RU, Khojali WMA, Alluhaibi TM, Huwaimel B, Wiart C, Khoo TJ.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules28135009	2023
Enzymology	Comparison of an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with bacterial culture for detection of Salmonella in poultry-hatchery environmental samples.	Brooks BW, Lutze-Wallace CL, Devenish J, Elmufti M, Burke T.	Can J Vet Res		2014
	Municipal wastewater monitoring revealed the predominance of bla _GES genes with diverse variants among carbapenemase-producing organisms: high occurrence and persistence of Aeromonas caviae harboring the new bla _GES variant bla _GES-48.	Tanabe M, Sugawara Y, Denda T, Sakaguchi K, Takizawa S, Koide S, Hayashi W, Yu L, Kayama S, Sugai M, Nagano Y, Nagano N.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.02188-23	2023
	Rapid Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Thompson by Specific Peak Analysis Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.	Yang SM, Kim E, Kim D, Baek J, Yoon H, Kim HY.	Foods	10.3390/foods10050933	2021
Metabolism	Receptor polymorphism restricts contact-dependent growth inhibition to members of the same species.	Ruhe ZC, Wallace AB, Low DA, Hayes CS.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.00480-13	2013
Pathogenicity	Effect of manganese in test media on in vitro susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii to tigecycline.	Veenemans J, Mouton JW, Kluytmans JA, Donnely R, Verhulst C, van Keulen PH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01485-12	2012
	Antimicrobial Profiling of Bacteria Isolated from Fish Sold at Informal Market in Mufakose, Zimbabwe.	Gufe C, Canaan Hodobo T, Mbonjani B, Majonga O, Marumure J, Musari S, Jongi G, Makaya PV, Machakwa J.	Int J Microbiol	10.1155/2019/8759636	2019
Enzymology	Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli O157 and Shiga Toxins by Lateral Flow Immunoassays.	Wang J, Katani R, Li L, Hegde N, Roberts EL, Kapur V, DebRoy C.	Toxins (Basel)	10.3390/toxins8040092	2016
	Multicenter Performance Evaluation of the Simplexa Bordetella Direct Kit in Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens.	Chow SK, Arbefeville S, Boyanton BL, Dault EM, Dunn J, Ferrieri P, Greene W, Pence MA, Otiso J, Richter S, Schutzbank TE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01041-20	2020
	Evaluation of Recombinant Multi-Epitope Outer Membrane Protein-Based Klebsiella pneumoniae Subunit Vaccine in Mouse Model.	Babu L, Uppalapati SR, Sripathy MH, Reddy PN.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01805	2017
	Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible Enterobacterial Isolates Collected during a Prospective Interregional Survey in France and Susceptibility to the Novel Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam Combinations.	Dupont H, Gaillot O, Goetgheluck AS, Plassart C, Emond JP, Lecuru M, Gaillard N, Derdouri S, Lemaire B, Girard de Courtilles M, Cattoir V, Mammeri H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01559-15	2016
	Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Pinus halepensis Miller growing in West Northern of Algeria	Fekih N, Allali H, Merghache S, Chaib F, Merghache D, El Amine M, Djabou N, Muselli A, Tabti B, Costa J.	Asian Pac J Trop Dis	10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60323-6	2014
	Microbial functionalities and immobilization of environmental lead: Biogeochemical and molecular mechanisms and implications for bioremediation.	Elizabeth George S, Wan Y.	J Hazard Mater	10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131738	2023
Biotechnology	Growth inhibition of various Enterobacteriaceae species by the yeast Hansenula anomala during storage of moist cereal grain.	Olstorpe M, Schnurer J, Passoth V.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.06024-11	2012
Enzymology	Rapid detection of vaginal Candida species by newly developed immunochromatography.	Matsui H, Hanaki H, Takahashi K, Yokoyama A, Nakae T, Sunakawa K, Omura S.	Clin Vaccine Immunol	10.1128/cvi.00204-09	2009
Enzymology	Development of an improved selective and differential medium for isolation of Salmonella spp.	Park SH, Ryu S, Kang DH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01228-12	2012
	Influence of amino acids on low-density Escherichia coli responses to nutrient downshifts.	Bodini S, Nunziangeli L, Santori F.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01753-06	2007
Enzymology	Molecular method for detection of total coliforms in drinking water samples.	Maheux AF, Boudreau DK, Bisson MA, Dion-Dupont V, Bouchard S, Nkuranga M, Bergeron MG, Rodriguez MJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00546-14	2014
	Phytochemistry and Biological Properties of Salvia verbenaca L.: A Comprehensive Review.	Mrabti HN, El Menyiy N, Charfi S, Saber M, Bakrim S, Alyamani RA, Rauf A, Ali AMH, Abdallah EM, El Omari N, Bouyahya A, Assaggaf H.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2022/3787818	2022
Enzymology	Pentaplex PCR assay for detection of hemorrhagic bacteria from stool samples.	Al-Talib H, Latif B, Mohd-Zain Z.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00891-14	2014
Metabolism	CDI Systems Are Stably Maintained by a Cell-Contact Mediated Surveillance Mechanism.	Ruhe ZC, Nguyen JY, Chen AJ, Leung NY, Hayes CS, Low DA.	PLoS Genet	10.1371/journal.pgen.1006145	2016
	Functional characterization of a broad and potent neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed against outer membrane protein (OMP) of Salmonella typhimurium.	Reddy PN, Makam SS, Kota RK, Yatung G, Urs RM, Batra H, Tuteja U.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-020-10394-5	2020
	Antimicrobial Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Opportunistic Microorganisms: A Systematic Review.	Farias IAP, Dos Santos CCL, Sampaio FC.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2018/1923606	2018
	Identification of volatiles derived from Citrobacter freundii fermentation of a trypticase soy broth.	DeMilo AB, Lee CJ, Moreno DS, Martinez AJ.	J Agric Food Chem	10.1021/jf950525o	1996
Pathogenicity	Clonal Background, Resistance Gene Profile, and Porin Gene Mutations Modulate In Vitro Susceptibility to Imipenem-Relebactam in Diverse Enterobacteriaceae.	Gomez-Simmonds A, Stump S, Giddins MJ, Annavajhala MK, Uhlemann AC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00573-18	2018
Pathogenicity	In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of DS86760016, a Novel Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor for Gram-Negative Pathogens.	Purnapatre KP, Rao M, Pandya M, Khanna A, Chaira T, Bambal R, Upadhyay DJ, Masuda N.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01987-17	2018
Phylogeny	Detection of Escherichia coli serogroups O26 and O113 by PCR amplification of the wzx and wzy genes.	DebRoy C, Roberts E, Kundrat J, Davis MA, Briggs CE, Fratamico PM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.3.1830-1832.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of the novel antibacterial finafloxacin against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested in Mueller-Hinton broth and synthetic urine.	Dalhoff A, Stubbings W, Schubert S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00886-10	2011
Pathogenicity	Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Enterobacteriaceae with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems: results from large hospital-based surveillance studies in China.	Yang Q, Wang H, Sun H, Chen H, Xu Y, Chen M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01099-09	2010
Metabolism	Mutants of Citrobacter freundii that transport and utilize melibiose.	Okazaki N, Xu XJ, Shimamoto T, Kuroda M, Wilson TH, Tsuchiya T.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.180.13.3480-3482.1998	1998
Enzymology	A pentaplex PCR assay for the rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Panton-Valentine Leucocidin.	Al-Talib H, Yean CY, Al-Khateeb A, Hassan H, Singh KK, Al-Jashamy K, Ravichandran M.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-9-113	2009
Metabolism	Parental transfer of the antimicrobial protein LBP/BPI protects Biomphalaria glabrata eggs against oomycete infections.	Baron OL, van West P, Industri B, Ponchet M, Dubreuil G, Gourbal B, Reichhart JM, Coustau C.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1003792	2013
	Chemical characterization, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibitory effects of different extracts from one sage (Salvia ceratophylla L.) from Turkey: open a new window on industrial purposes.	Uysal S, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Ak G, Ceylan R, Mahomoodally MF, Uysal A, Sadeer NB, Jeko J, Cziaky Z, Rodrigues MJ, Yildiztugay E, Elbasan F, Custodio L.	RSC Adv	10.1039/d0ra10044g	2021
Cultivation	Cost-effective and rapid presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli in routine urine, pus, and stool cultures: evaluation of the use of CHROMagar orientation medium in conjunction with simple biochemical tests.	Ohkusu K.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.12.4586-4592.2000	2000
	Fecal indicators and bacterial pathogens in bottled water from Dhaka, Bangladesh.	Ahmed W, Yusuf R, Hasan I, Ashraf W, Goonetilleke A, Toze S, Gardner T.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822013005000026	2013
	Rapid PCR Detection of Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum.	Cunningham SA, Mandrekar JN, Rosenblatt JE, Patel R.	Int J Bacteriol	10.1155/2013/168742	2013
	Detection of Cronobacter Genus in Powdered Infant Formula by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Anti-Cronobacter Antibody.	Song X, Shukla S, Lee G, Park S, Kim M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01124	2016
Phylogeny	Legionella confirmation using real-time PCR and SYTO9 is an alternative to current methodology.	Giglio S, Monis PT, Saint CP.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.12.8944-8948.2005	2005
Phylogeny	Evaluation of a rapid direct assay for identification of bacteria and the mec A and van genes from positive-testing blood cultures.	Eigner U, Weizenegger M, Fahr AM, Witte W.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.10.5256-5262.2005	2005
	PaP1, a Broad-Spectrum Lysin-Derived Cationic Peptide to Treat Polymicrobial Skin Infections.	Heselpoth RD, Euler CW, Fischetti VA.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.817228	2022
Biotechnology	Application of rapid dot blot immunoassay for detection of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in eggs, poultry, and other foods.	Yoshimasu MA, Zawistowski J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.1.459-461.2001	2001
Metabolism	3-Hydroxypropionaldehyde, an inhibitory metabolite of glycerol fermentation to 1,3-propanediol by enterobacterial species.	Barbirato F, Grivet JP, Soucaille P, Bories A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.62.4.1448-1451.1996	1996
Genetics	Improved bacterial recombineering by parallelized protein discovery.	Wannier TM, Nyerges A, Kuchwara HM, Czikkely M, Balogh D, Filsinger GT, Borders NC, Gregg CJ, Lajoie MJ, Rios X, Pal C, Church GM, Church GM.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2001588117	2020
Enzymology	Rapid detection and simultaneous genotyping of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) in powdered infant formula using real-time PCR and high resolution melting (HRM) analysis.	Cai XQ, Yu HQ, Ruan ZX, Yang LL, Bai JS, Qiu DY, Jian ZH, Xiao YQ, Yang JY, Le TH, Zhu XQ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0067082	2013
Pathogenicity	Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin and its isolated compounds: antibacterial effect and antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines.	Abrao F, de Araujo Costa LD, Alves JM, Senedese JM, de Castro PT, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RC, Bastos JK, Tavares DC, Martins CH.	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/s12906-015-0961-4	2015
	Cerium oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles abolish the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against gram positive and gram negative biofilm bacteria.	Masadeh MM, Karasneh GA, Al-Akhras MA, Albiss BA, Aljarah KM, Al-Azzam SI, Alzoubi KH.	Cytotechnology	10.1007/s10616-014-9701-8	2015
Pathogenicity	Silver resistance in Gram-negative bacteria: a dissection of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms.	Randall CP, Gupta A, Jackson N, Busse D, O'Neill AJ.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dku523	2015
Pathogenicity	New noncovalent inhibitors of penicillin-binding proteins from penicillin-resistant bacteria.	Turk S, Verlaine O, Gerards T, Zivec M, Humljan J, Sosic I, Amoroso A, Zervosen A, Luxen A, Joris B, Gobec S.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0019418	2011
Pathogenicity	In Vitro Antibacterial Properties of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin, against Gram-Negative Bacteria.	Ito A, Sato T, Ota M, Takemura M, Nishikawa T, Toba S, Kohira N, Miyagawa S, Ishibashi N, Matsumoto S, Nakamura R, Tsuji M, Yamano Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01454-17	2018
Phylogeny	Comparison of the taxonomy, serology, drug resistance transfer, and virulence of Citrobacter freundii strains from mammals and poikilothermic hosts.	Toranzo AE, Cutrin JM, Roberson BS, Nunez S, Abell JM, Hetrick FM, Baya AM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.60.6.1789-1797.1994	1994
	Cronobacter: an emergent pathogen causing meningitis to neonates through their feeds.	Tall BD, Chen Y, Yan Q, Gopinath GR, Grim CJ, Jarvis KG, Fanning S, Lampel KA.	Sci Prog	10.3184/003685014x13994743930498	2014
Enzymology	Structural basis of the inhibition of class A beta-lactamases and penicillin-binding proteins by 6-beta-iodopenicillanate.	Sauvage E, Zervosen A, Dive G, Herman R, Amoroso A, Joris B, Fonze E, Pratt RF, Luxen A, Charlier P, Kerff F.	J Am Chem Soc	10.1021/ja9051526	2009
Phylogeny	Rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus directly from blood cultures by fluorescence in situ hybridization with peptide nucleic acid probes.	Oliveira K, Procop GW, Wilson D, Coull J, Stender H.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.1.247-251.2002	2002
	Correcting a Fundamental Flaw in the Paradigm for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.	Ersoy SC, Heithoff DM, Barnes L, Tripp GK, House JK, Marth JD, Smith JW, Mahan MJ.	EBioMedicine	10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.05.026	2017
Enzymology	The Validation of the Sample6 DETECT^TM HT/L for AOAC Research Institute.	Banerjee K, Peirson B, Hu C, Carrier E, Malsick L, Tarasova Y, Daudenarde S, Brownell D, Koeris M, Klass N, Bird P, Benzinger MJ, Agin J, Goins D.	J AOAC Int	10.5740/jaoacint.17-0484	2018
	The focal complex of epithelial cells provides a signalling platform for interleukin-8 induction in response to bacterial pathogens.	Eucker TP, Samuelson DR, Hunzicker-Dunn M, Konkel ME.	Cell Microbiol	10.1111/cmi.12305	2014
	The Identification and Differentiation between Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei Using One Gene Pyrosequencing.	Gilling DH, Luna VA, Pflugradt C.	Int Sch Res Notices	10.1155/2014/109583	2014
	A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection of multiple bacterial antibiotic resistance genes directly from positive blood culture.	Zhu L, Shen D, Zhou Q, Li Z, Fang X, Li QZ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0120464	2015
Phylogeny	Direct detection of nasal Staphylococcus aureus carriage via helicase-dependent isothermal amplification and chip hybridization.	Frech GC, Munns D, Jenison RD, Hicke BJ.	BMC Res Notes	10.1186/1756-0500-5-430	2012
	Statins: antimicrobial resistance breakers or makers?	Ko HHT, Lareu RR, Dix BR, Hughes JD.	PeerJ	10.7717/peerj.3952	2017
Pathogenicity	Novel cyclic lipodepsipeptide from Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans strain 508 and syringopeptin antimicrobial activities.	Grgurina I, Bensaci M, Pocsfalvi G, Mannina L, Cruciani O, Fiore A, Fogliano V, Sorensen KN, Takemoto JY.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.12.5037-5045.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	Development and validation of an oligonucleotide microarray for detection of multiple virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli.	Bruant G, Maynard C, Bekal S, Gaucher I, Masson L, Brousseau R, Harel J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.5.3780-3784.2006	2006
	Citrobacter rodentium, the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia, exhibits clonality: synonymy of C. rodentium and mouse-pathogenic Escherichia coli.	Luperchio SA, Newman JV, Dangler CA, Schrenzel MD, Brenner DJ, Steigerwalt AG, Schauer DB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.12.4343-4350.2000	2000
Enzymology	A PCR-colorimetric microwell plate hybridization assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium from culture samples and Ziehl-Neelsen-positive smears.	Rossi MC, Gori A, Zehender G, Marchetti G, Ferrario G, De Maddalena C, Catozzi L, Bandera A, Esposti AD, Franzetti F.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.5.1772-1776.2000	2000
Enzymology	Automated detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in clinical samples: isothermal tcdB amplification coupled to array-based detection.	Hicke B, Pasko C, Groves B, Ager E, Corpuz M, Frech G, Munns D, Smith W, Warcup A, Denys G, Ledeboer NA, Lindsey W, Owen C, Rea L, Jenison R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00621-12	2012
Phylogeny	Streptococcus iniae, a human and animal pathogen: specific identification by the chaperonin 60 gene identification method.	Goh SH, Driedger D, Gillett S, Low DE, Hemmingsen SM, Amos M, Chan D, Lovgren M, Willey BM, Shaw C, Smith JA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.7.2164-2166.1998	1998
Pathogenicity	gyrA mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in eight species of Enterobacteriaceae.	Weigel LM, Steward CD, Tenover FC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.10.2661	1998
	Rapid single cell detection of Staphylococcus aureus by aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles.	Chang YC, Yang CY, Sun RL, Cheng YF, Kao WC, Yang PC.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep01863	2013
Metabolism	Detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula using an immunoliposome-based immunomagnetic concentration and separation assay.	Shukla S, Lee G, Song X, Park JH, Cho H, Lee EJ, Kim M.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep34721	2016
Enzymology	Prevalence and Identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Near-Neighbor Species in the Malabar Coastal Region of India.	Peddayelachagiri BV, Paul S, Nagaraj S, Gogoi M, Sripathy MH, Batra HV.	PLoS Negl Trop Dis	10.1371/journal.pntd.0004956	2016
	Attaching and effacing locus of a Citrobacter freundii biotype that causes transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia.	Schauer DB, Falkow S.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.61.6.2486-2492.1993	1993
Enzymology	BactQuant: an enhanced broad-coverage bacterial quantitative real-time PCR assay.	Liu CM, Aziz M, Kachur S, Hsueh PR, Huang YT, Keim P, Price LB.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-56	2012
Enzymology	Quantitative real-time Legionella PCR for environmental water samples: data interpretation.	Joly P, Falconnet PA, Andre J, Weill N, Reyrolle M, Vandenesch F, Maurin M, Etienne J, Jarraud S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.4.2801-2808.2006	2006
Enzymology	Rapid and sensitive detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from nonenriched stool specimens by real-time PCR in comparison to enzyme immunoassay and culture.	Grys TE, Sloan LM, Rosenblatt JE, Patel R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02013-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Activation of the cryptic aac(6')-Iy aminoglycoside resistance gene of Salmonella by a chromosomal deletion generating a transcriptional fusion.	Magnet S, Courvalin P, Lambert T.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.181.21.6650-6655.1999	1999
Enzymology	Detection of Campylobacter species and Arcobacter butzleri in stool samples by use of real-time multiplex PCR.	de Boer RF, Ott A, Guren P, van Zanten E, van Belkum A, Kooistra-Smid AM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01716-12	2013
Biotechnology	Multiplex PCR for detection of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in clinical, food, and environmental samples.	De Medici D, Anniballi F, Wyatt GM, Lindstrom M, Messelhausser U, Aldus CF, Delibato E, Korkeala H, Peck MW, Fenicia L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00805-09	2009
Enzymology	Rapid detection, identification, and enumeration of Escherichia coli cells in municipal water by chemiluminescent in situ hybridization.	Stender H, Broomer AJ, Oliveira K, Perry-O'Keefe H, Hyldig-Nielsen JJ, Sage A, Coull J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.1.142-147.2001	2001
Enzymology	Development of a rapid PCR assay specific for Staphylococcus saprophyticus and application to direct detection from urine samples.	Martineau F, Picard FJ, Menard C, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.9.3280-3284.2000	2000
Phylogeny	New quadriplex PCR assay for detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance and simultaneous discrimination of Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci.	Zhang K, Sparling J, Chow BL, Elsayed S, Hussain Z, Church DL, Gregson DB, Louie T, Conly JM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.11.4947-4955.2004	2004
Enzymology	Bacterial biogeography of the human digestive tract.	Stearns JC, Lynch MD, Senadheera DB, Tenenbaum HC, Goldberg MB, Cvitkovitch DG, Croitoru K, Moreno-Hagelsieb G, Neufeld JD.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep00170	2011
Metabolism	Lead precipitation by Vibrio harveyi: evidence for novel quorum-sensing interactions.	Mire CE, Tourjee JA, O'Brien WF, Ramanujachary KV, Hecht GB.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.2.855-864.2004	2004
	Escherichia coli O-Antigen Gene Clusters of Serogroups O62, O68, O131, O140, O142, and O163: DNA Sequences and Similarity between O62 and O68, and PCR-Based Serogrouping.	Liu Y, Yan X, DebRoy C, Fratamico PM, Needleman DS, Li RW, Wang W, Losada L, Brinkac L, Radune D, Toro M, Hegde N, Meng J.	Biosensors (Basel)	10.3390/bios5010051	2015
Metabolism	Resuscitation of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli from the viable but nonculturable state by heat-stable enterobacterial autoinducer.	Reissbrodt R, Rienaecker I, Romanova JM, Freestone PP, Haigh RD, Lyte M, Tschape H, Williams PH.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.10.4788-4794.2002	2002
	Identification and characterization of IS2404 and IS2606: two distinct repeated sequences for detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans by PCR.	Stinear T, Ross BC, Davies JK, Marino L, Robins-Browne RM, Oppedisano F, Sievers A, Johnson PD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.4.1018-1023.1999	1999
Phylogeny	Development of a PCR assay for identification of staphylococci at genus and species levels.	Martineau F, Picard FJ, Ke D, Paradis S, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.7.2541-2547.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Staph ID/R: a rapid method for determining staphylococcus species identity and detecting the mecA gene directly from positive blood culture.	Pasko C, Hicke B, Dunn J, Jaeckel H, Nieuwlandt D, Weed D, Woodruff E, Zheng X, Jenison R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.05534-11	2012
Pathogenicity	Novel polymyxin derivatives carrying only three positive charges are effective antibacterial agents.	Vaara M, Fox J, Loidl G, Siikanen O, Apajalahti J, Hansen F, Frimodt-Moller N, Nagai J, Takano M, Vaara T.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00405-08	2008
Enzymology	Rapid method for enumeration of viable Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella spp. in water.	Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Simonart T, Parent V, Marchand G, Dobbelaere M, Pierlot E, Pierzo V, Menard-Szczebara F, Gaudard-Ferveur E, Delabre K, Delattre JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.7.4086-4096.2005	2005
Enzymology	SYBR green real-time PCR method to detect Clostridium botulinum type A.	Fenicia L, Anniballi F, De Medici D, Delibato E, Aureli P.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02234-06	2007
Pathogenicity	Influence of vitamin B12 and cocultures on the growth of Dehalococcoides isolates in defined medium.	He J, Holmes VF, Lee PK, Alvarez-Cohen L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02574-06	2007
Phylogeny	Microfermentation series for identification of single colonies of Enterobacteriaceae.	Huhtanen CN, Naghski J, Dellamonica ES.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.24.4.618-627.1972	1972
Enzymology	Use of tuf sequences for genus-specific PCR detection and phylogenetic analysis of 28 streptococcal species.	Picard FJ, Ke D, Boudreau DK, Boissinot M, Huletsky A, Richard D, Ouellette M, Roy PH, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.8.3686-3695.2004	2004
	Real-time PCR assays for quantification and differentiation of Vibrio vulnificus strains in oysters and water.	Gordon KV, Vickery MC, DePaola A, Staley C, Harwood VJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01100-07	2008
	Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the O-5 antigen of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide.	Jaradat ZW, Zawistowski J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.62.1.1-5.1996	1996
Enzymology	Prevalence of broad-host-range lytic bacteriophages of Sphaerotilus natans, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Jensen EC, Schrader HS, Rieland B, Thompson TL, Lee KW, Nickerson KW, Kokjohn TA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.2.575-580.1998	1998
	Development of a PCR assay for rapid detection of enterococci.	Ke D, Picard FJ, Martineau F, Menard C, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.11.3497-3503.1999	1999
Metabolism	Rapid detection of viable salmonellae in produce by coupling propidium monoazide with loop-mediated isothermal amplification.	Chen S, Wang F, Beaulieu JC, Stein RE, Ge B.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00354-11	2011
Metabolism	Identification of TonB homologs in the family Enterobacteriaceae and evidence for conservation of TonB-dependent energy transduction complexes.	Larsen RA, Myers PS, Skare JT, Seachord CL, Darveau RP, Postle K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.178.5.1363-1373.1996	1996
Pathogenicity	New real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus directly from specimens containing a mixture of staphylococci.	Huletsky A, Giroux R, Rossbach V, Gagnon M, Vaillancourt M, Bernier M, Gagnon F, Truchon K, Bastien M, Picard FJ, van Belkum A, Ouellette M, Roy PH, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.5.1875-1884.2004	2004
Enzymology	Quantitative detection of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua by real-time PCR: assessment of hly, iap, and lin02483 targets and AmpliFluor technology.	Rodriguez-Lazaro D, Hernandez M, Scortti M, Esteve T, Vazquez-Boland JA, Pla M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.3.1366-1377.2004	2004
Phylogeny	Monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for identification and serotyping of Vibrio cholerae O1.	Gustafsson B.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.20.6.1180-1185.1984	1984
Phylogeny	Differentiation of the ribosomal protein compositions in the genus Escherichia and its related bacteria.	Osawa S, Ito T, Otaka E.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.107.1.168-178.1971	1971
Enzymology	Direct detection of Salmonella spp. in estuaries by using a DNA probe.	Knight IT, Shults S, Kaspar CW, Colwell RR.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.56.4.1059-1066.1990	1990
Enzymology	Real-time PCR detection of pathogenic microorganisms in roof-harvested rainwater in Southeast Queensland, Australia.	Ahmed W, Huygens F, Goonetilleke A, Gardner T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00331-08	2008
Enzymology	Cloning of genes from members of the family Enterobacteriaceae with mini-Mu bacteriophage containing plasmid replicons.	Groisman EA, Casadaban MJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.169.2.687-693.1987	1987
Enzymology	Intergeneric transfer and recombination of the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase gene (gnd) in enteric bacteria.	Nelson K, Selander RK.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.91.21.10227	1994
	A new O-antigen gene cluster has a key role in the virulence of the Escherichia coli meningitis clone O45:K1:H7.	Plainvert C, Bidet P, Peigne C, Barbe V, Medigue C, Denamur E, Bingen E, Bonacorsi S.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01013-07	2007
Metabolism	TaqMan PCR for detection of Vibrio cholerae O1, O139, non-O1, and non-O139 in pure cultures, raw oysters, and synthetic seawater.	Lyon WJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.10.4685-4693.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Molecular analysis of the Enterobacter sakazakii O-antigen gene locus.	Mullane N, O'Gaora P, Nally JE, Iversen C, Whyte P, Wall PG, Fanning S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02302-07	2008
Enzymology	A new membrane filtration medium for simultaneous detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli and total coliforms.	Grant MA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.63.9.3526-3530.1997	1997
Pathogenicity	Functional characterization and evaluation of in vitro protective efficacy of murine monoclonal antibodies BURK24 and BURK37 against Burkholderia pseudomallei.	Peddayelachagiri BV, Paul S, Makam SS, Urs RM, Kingston JJ, Tuteja U, Sripathy MH, Batra HV.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0090930	2014
Metabolism	Nucleotide sequence of a citrate utilization gene from Citrobacter amalonaticus.	Daimon H, Ishiguro N, Shinagawa M, Sato G.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.171.1.620-623.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	Transferable Mechanisms of Quinolone Resistance from 1998 Onward.	Ruiz J.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.00007-19	2019
	Wide distribution of homologs of Escherichia coli Kdp K+-ATPase among gram-negative bacteria.	Walderhaug MO, Litwack ED, Epstein W.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.171.2.1192-1195.1989	1989
Metabolism	The antimicrobial compound xantholysin defines a new group of Pseudomonas cyclic lipopeptides.	Li W, Rokni-Zadeh H, De Vleeschouwer M, Ghequire MG, Sinnaeve D, Xie GL, Rozenski J, Madder A, Martins JC, De Mot R.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0062946	2013
	Development and application of a monoclonal antibody against Thiothrix spp.	Brigmon RL, Bitton G, Zam SG, O'Brien B.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.61.1.13-20.1995	1995
Phylogeny	Evaluation of the Biolog automated microbial identification system.	Klingler JM, Stowe RP, Obenhuber DC, Groves TO, Mishra SK, Pierson DL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.58.6.2089-2092.1992	1992
	Carbohydrate composition of the phenol-soluble lipopolysaccharides of Citrobacter freundii.	Raff RA, Wheat RW.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.95.6.2035-2043.1968	1968
Enzymology	Lysine-mannitol-glycerol agar, a medium for the isolation of Salmonella spp., including S. typhi and atypical strains.	Cox JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.8.2602-2606.1993	1993
Enzymology	Evaluation of several selective media for recovery of Aeromonas hydrophila from polluted waters.	Arcos ML, de Vicente A, Morinigo MA, Romero P, Borrego JJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.54.11.2786-2792.1988	1988
	Homology of the gene coding for outer membrane lipoprotein within various Gram-negative bacteria.	Nakamura K, Pirtle RM, Inouye M.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.137.1.595-604.1979	1979
Enzymology	Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by PCR amplification with pan-Mycobacterium primers and hybridization to an M. tuberculosis-specific probe.	Tevere VJ, Hewitt PL, Dare A, Hocknell P, Keen A, Spadoro JP, Young KK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.4.918-923.1996	1996
Enzymology	Direct selection for P1-sensitive mutants of enteric bacteria.	Goldberg RB, Bender RA, Streicher SL.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.118.3.810-814.1974	1974
Enzymology	Detection of legionellae in hospital water samples by quantitative real-time LightCycler PCR.	Wellinghausen N, Frost C, Marre R.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.9.3985-3993.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Evolution of ribosomal proteins in Enterobacteriaceae.	Hori H, Osawa S.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.133.3.1089-1095.1978	1978
Phylogeny	Identification of Staphylococcus species and subspecies by the chaperonin 60 gene identification method and reverse checkerboard hybridization.	Goh SH, Santucci Z, Kloos WE, Faltyn M, George CG, Driedger D, Hemmingsen SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.12.3116-3121.1997	1997
	A simple RNA probe system for analysis of Listeria monocytogenes polymerase chain reaction products.	Blais BW, Phillippe LM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.9.2795-2800.1993	1993
Enzymology	Detection of a single viable Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst in environmental water concentrates by reverse transcription-PCR.	Stinear T, Matusan A, Hines K, Sandery M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.62.9.3385-3390.1996	1996
Metabolism	Occurrence of 3-amino-3,6-dideoxyhexoses in Salmonella and related bacteria.	Luderitz O, Ruschmann E, Westphal O, Raff R, Wheat R.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.93.5.1681-1687.1967	1967
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of CI-934, a quinolone carboxylic acid active against gram-positive and -negative bacteria.	Cohen MA, Griffin TJ, Bien PA, Heifetz CL, Domagala JM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.28.6.766	1985
Phylogeny	Deoxyribonucleic acid sequence homologies among bacterial insertion sequence elements and genomes of various organisms.	Nisen P, Purucker M, Shapiro L.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.140.2.588-596.1979	1979
	Relative rates of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide production by nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and nitrate respirers.	Anderson IC, Levine JS.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.51.5.938-945.1986	1986
Phylogeny	Taxonomic comparison of the amino termini of microbial cell proteins.	Sarimo SS, Pine MJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.98.2.368-374.1969	1969
	Conservation and variation of nucleotide sequences within related bacterial genomes: enterobacteria.	Riley M, Anilionis A.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.143.1.366-376.1980	1980
	Transfer of a phage T4 gene into Enterobacteriaceae, determined at the single-cell level.	Kenzaka T, Nasu M, Tani K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02219-09	2010
	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of TAK-083, an agent for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.	Kanamaru T, Nakano Y, Toyoda Y, Miyagawa KI, Tada M, Kaisho T, Nakao M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.9.2455-2459.2001	2001
	High-frequency phage-mediated gene transfer among Escherichia coli cells, determined at the single-cell level.	Kenzaka T, Tani K, Sakotani A, Yamaguchi N, Nasu M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02890-06	2007
Enzymology	Comparison of commercially available kits with standard methods for detection of Salmonella strains in foods.	Hanai K, Satake M, Nakanishi H, Venkateswaran K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.63.2.775-778.1997	1997
	Expansion of the host range of coliphage P1 and gene transfer from enteric bacteria to other gram-negative bacteria.	Murooka Y, Harada T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.38.4.754-757.1979	1979
	Introduction of bacteriophage Mu into bacteria of various genera and intergeneric gene transfer by RP4::Mu.	Murooka Y, Takizawa N, Harada T.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.145.1.358-368.1981	1981
Enzymology	Distribution of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase in bacteria.	Murooka Y, Doi N, Harada T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.38.4.565-569.1979	1979
	Antibacterial and QS Inhibition by Schinus molle Essential Oil: Chemical Profiling and Docking Against S. aureus.	Tabti S, Boukraa D, Hadjab W, Belhadj OK, Khelef Y, Truchado P, Martinez-Alcala I, Erenler R, Sami R, Alyamani A, Alsulaimani F, Basri AM, Kadi RH, Alnajeebi AM.	Clin Lab	10.7754/clin.lab.2025.250461	2025
Enzymology	Immobilization of cholesterol oxidases on functionalized Silica Nanoparticles for biotransformation of cholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol.	Ghosh S, Ahmad R, Gautam VK, Khare SK.	J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol	10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106774	2025
	Hydroxyl radicals production via quinone redox cycling by the ligninolytic bacteria Streptomyces cyaneus and its effectiveness to degrade kraft lignin	Molina-Guijarro JM, Guillen F, Rodriguez J, Fajardo C, Dominguez G, Ball AS, Arias ME, Hernandez M.	Wood Sci Technol	10.1007/s00226-025-01643-9	2025
	Integrated biological-chemical system for phenol removal from petrochemicals wastewater.	El-Bestawy E, Metwally MAA, Aly ARA.	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	10.1007/s11356-024-35645-0	2025
Genetics	Investigation of Citrobacter freundii clinical isolates in a Chinese hospital during 2020-2022 revealed genomic characterization of an extremely drug-resistant C. freundii ST257 clinical strain GMU8049 co-carrying bla_NDM-1 and a novel bla_CMY variant.	Zhang M, Yin Z, Chen B, Yu Z, Liang J, Tian X, Li D, Deng X, Peng L.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.04254-23	2024
	Biorefinery of brewery spent grain to obtain bioproducts with high value-added in the market.	Outeirino D, Costa-Trigo I, Ochogavias A, Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira R, Perez Guerra N, Salgado JM, Dominguez JM.	N Biotechnol	10.1016/j.nbt.2023.12.010	2024
	D-amino acid peptides as antimicrobial agents against vibrio-associated diseases in aquaculture	Lopez-Sanmartin M, Rengel R, Lopez Lopez M, Lebron JA, Molina-Marquez A, de la Rosa I, Lopez-Cornejo P, Cuesta Arranz A, Vigara J, Leon R.	Aquaculture	10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739362	2023
	MALDI glycotyping of O-antigens from a single colony of gram-negative bacteria.	Urakami S, Hinou H.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-62729-1	2024
	Comparative Analysis of Concentration and Quantification Methods for Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Their Phage-Mediated Dissemination in Treated Wastewater and Biosolids.	Falco I, Allende A, Cutrupi F, Aznar R, Sanchez G, Truchado P.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens14101050	2025
	Antibiofilm activity of cationic carbosilane BD132 dendron and its synergistic effect with amphotericin B against Candida spp.	Gomez-Casanova N, Copa-Patino JL, Gomez R, Sanchez-Nieves J, Heredero-Bermejo I.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-025-22695-8	2025
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of MccJ25(G12Y) against gram-negative foodborne pathogens in vitro and in food models.	Corbalan N, Quiroga M, Masias E, Peralta D, Barros Velazquez J, Acuna L, Vincent P.	Int J Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109267	2021
	Cloning and expression of the pkg1 gene from the GH55 family of the mycoparasite Pestalotiopsis kenyana PG52.	Yan M, Sui W, Chen C, Gao R, Li J, Li J.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1665330	2025
	Anionic Boron-Cluster BODIPY Conjugates As Promising Photosensitizers for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy.	Ordonez-Hernandez J, Gomez AC, Hernando J, Quevedo M, Ortiz JC, Yero D, Gibert I, Nunez R.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.5c07634	2025
	Refolding of thermally denatured cholesterol oxidases by magnetic nanoparticles.	Ghosh S, Ahmad R, Khare SK.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.103	2019
	Isolation and characterization of bacteriocin-producing E. coli isolates from a poultry slaughterhouse, and cell-free production and evaluation of native and engineered bacteriocins.	Lafuente I, Sevillano E, Pena N, Cintas LM, Munoz-Atienza E, Hernandez PE, Borrero J.	Poult Sci	10.1016/j.psj.2025.105986	2025
Enzymology	Screening of Gastrointestinal Lipase Inhibitors Produced by Microorganisms Isolated from Soil and Lake Sediments.	Camacho-Ruiz MA, Ordaz E, Kirchmayr MR, Esquivel-Solis H, Asaff-Torres A, Mateos-Diaz JC, Carriiere F, Rodriguez JA.	Int Microbiol	10.1007/s10123-019-00107-y	2020
	Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Optimized Extract Obtained from Almond Shell Residues.	Gizaw Y, Benito MJ, Gudino I, Caballero MDC, Cordoba MG, Casquete R.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules30122614	2025
	Stigmas and Petals of Crocus sativus L. (Taliouine, Morocco): Comparative Evaluation of Their Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities.	Benkerroum A, Oubella K, Zini S, Boussif K, Mouhanni H, Achemchem F.	ScientificWorldJournal	10.1155/2024/6676404	2024
	Cholesterol-oxidase-magnetic nanobioconjugates for the production of 4-cholesten-3-one and 4-cholesten-3, 7-dione.	Ghosh S, Ahmad R, Gautam VK, Khare SK.	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.030	2018
	Sustainable and Integral Valorization of Dosidicus gigas Pen Waste: Combined Production of Chitosan with Antibacterial Properties and Human and Marine Probiotics.	Lima M, Pedreira A, Sanz N, Vazquez JA, Garcia MR, Mergulhao F, Valcarcel J.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md23100382	2025
Pathogenicity	Sustainable milk-based postbiotics beverages fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum: allies in celiac disease inflammation.	Bellomo C, Mauriello F, Nigro F, Passannanti F, Colucci Cante R, Nigro R, Barone MV, Nanayakkara M.	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2025.1549120	2025
	Development of Antimicrobial Coatings from Ficus carica Latex for Improving the Quality of Dried Figs.	Gizaw Y, Casquete R, Del Carmen Caballero M, de Guia Cordoba M, Benito MJ.	Foods	10.3390/foods14091562	2025
	Soybean protein-based microparticles for oral delivery of probiotics with improved stability during storage and gut resistance.	Gonzalez-Ferrero C, Irache JM, Gonzalez-Navarro CJ.	Food Chem	10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.022	2018
Metabolism	Biodegradation of 7-Ketocholesterol by Rhodococcus erythropolis MTCC 3951: Process optimization and enzymatic insights.	Ghosh S, Khare SK.	Chem Phys Lipids	10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.05.008	2017
	Phenolic-Rich Wine Pomace Extracts as Antioxidant and Antipathogenic Agents Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Viola CM, Danilovich ME, Torres-Carro R, Moreira MM, Rodrigues F, Cartagena E, Alberto MR, Blazquez MA, Arena ME.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics14040384	2025
	Spectral imaging and nucleic acid mimics fluorescence in situ hybridization (SI-NAM-FISH) for multiplex detection of clinical pathogens.	Azevedo AS, Fernandes RM, Faria AR, Silvestre OF, Nieder JB, Lou C, Wengel J, Almeida C, Azevedo NF.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.976639	2022
Transcriptome	Growth of Amanita caesarea in the presence of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus cereus.	Cano JM, Berrocal-Lobo M, Dominguez-Nunez JA.	Fungal Biol	10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.009	2017
	Assessing the Impact of Microwaves and Other Disruptive Pretreatments on Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Growth and the Antioxidant Properties of Broccoli Stalks.	Baldassa S, Barrera C, Munoz-Ibanez M, Segui L.	Foods	10.3390/foods14101809	2025
	Deepening the Modulatory Activity of Bioactive Compounds Against AFB1- and OTA-Induced Neuronal Toxicity Through a Proteomic Approach.	Cimbalo A, Frangiamone M, Manyes L.	Antioxidants (Basel)	10.3390/antiox14050571	2025
	Productivity enhancement in L-lysine fermentation using oxygen-enhanced bioreactor and oxygen vector.	Wang J, Wang S, Zhao S, Sun P, Zhang Z, Xu Q.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181963	2023
	Microbiological and Chemical Profiles of Kiwi Kefir-like Beverages Produced Using Different Agitation Speeds and Kefir Grain Weights.	Bazan DL, Del-Rio PG, Perez-Guerra N.	Foods	10.3390/foods14101681	2025
	Modulatory Effect of Beneficial Enterococci and Their Enterocins on the Blood Phagocytes in Murine Experimental Trichinellosis.	Vargova M, Revajova V, Laukova A, Hurnikova Z, Dvoroznakova E.	Life (Basel)	10.3390/life13091930	2023
	Aeromonas hydrophila RIT668 and Citrobacter portucalensis RIT669-Potential Zoonotic Pathogens Isolated from Spotted Turtles.	Thomas SG, Abajorga M, Glover MA, Wengert PC, Parthasarathy A, Savka MA, Wadsworth CB, Shipman PA, Hudson AO.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8111805	2020
	Emulgel Containing Metronidazole and Clindamycin for the Treatment of Rosacea.	De Grau-Bassal G, Calpena-Campmany AC, Silva-Abreu M, Suner-Carbo J, Mallandrich-Miret M, Martinez-Ruiz S, Cordero C, Del Pozo A, Febrer NB.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics17020168	2025
	Bacteriostatic Poly Ethylene Glycol Plasma Coatings for Orthodontic Titanium Mini-Implants.	Rodriguez-Fernandez JC, Pastor F, Barrera Mora JM, Brizuela A, Puigdollers A, Espinar E, Gil FJ.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma15217487	2022
Metabolism	Paraffin as oxygen vector modulates tyrosine phenol lyase production by Citrobacter freundii MTCC 2424.	Azmi W, Kumar A, Dev V.	Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung	10.1556/amicr.60.2013.2.5	2013
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Autochthonous Aromatic Plants.	Boy FR, Benito MJ, Cordoba MG, Rodriguez A, Casquete R.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph20031657	2023
	Exploring fermentation with lactic acid bacteria as a pretreatment for enhancing antioxidant potential in broccoli stem powders.	Serna-Barrera MA, Bas-Bellver C, Segui L, Betoret N, Barrera C.	AIMS Microbiol	10.3934/microbiol.2024013	2024
	Inactivation of spoiling microorganisms in apple juice by a combination of essential oils' constituents and physical treatments.	Chueca B, Ramirez N, Arvizu-Medrano SM, Garcia-Gonzalo D, Pagan R.	Food Sci Technol Int	10.1177/1082013215606832	2016
	Identification of Streptomyces spp. from garbage dump soils in Surabaya, Indonesia.	Kurnijasanti R, Sudjarwo SA.	Vet World	10.14202/vetworld.2022.634-639	2022
	Xylanopectinolytic enzymes by marine actinomycetes from sediments of Sarena Kecil, North Sulawesi: high potential to produce galacturonic acid and xylooligosaccharides from raw biomass.	Nadhifah H, Rahmani N, Mangunwardoyo W, Yopi, Atikana A, Ratnakomala S, Lisdiyanti P.	J Genet Eng Biotechnol	10.1186/s43141-023-00488-8	2023
	Mixed and membrane-separated culturing of synthetic cyanobacteria-yeast consortia reveals metabolic cross-talk mimicking natural cyanolichens.	Bohutskyi P, Pomraning KR, Jenkins JP, Kim YM, Poirier BC, Betenbaugh MJ, Magnuson JK.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-74743-4	2024
Genetics	Isolation, Genomics-Based and Biochemical Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Bacteria and Their Bacteriocins, Sourced from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Meat-Producing Pigs.	Sevillano E, Lafuente I, Pena N, Cintas LM, Munoz-Atienza E, Hernandez PE, Borrero J.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms252212210	2024
	Angucycline-like Aromatic Polyketide from a Novel Streptomyces Species Reveals Freshwater Snail Physa acuta as Underexplored Reservoir for Antibiotic-Producing Actinomycetes.	Safaei N, Mast Y, Steinert M, Huber K, Bunk B, Wink J.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10010022	2020
	Impact of Fermentation Pretreatment on Drying Behaviour and Antioxidant Attributes of Broccoli Waste Powdered Ingredients.	Bas-Bellver C, Barrera C, Betoret N, Segui L.	Foods	10.3390/foods12193526	2023
	Synergistic and additive interactions of Shewanella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Thauera sp. with chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate for controlling Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).	Sarkhandia S, Sharma G, Mahajan R, Koundal S, Kumar M, Chadha P, Saini HS, Kaur S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-41641-0	2023
Enzymology	Functional expression and characterization of a chitinase from the marine archaeon Halobacterium salinarum CECT 395 in Escherichia coli.	Garcia-Fraga B, da Silva AF, Lopez-Seijas J, Sieiro C.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-013-5124-2	2014
	White cabbage fermentation improves ascorbigen content, antioxidant and nitric oxide production inhibitory activity in LPS-induced macrophages	Martinez-Villaluenga C, Penas E, Sidro B, Ullate M, Frias J, Vidal-Valverde C.	Lebensm Wiss Technol	10.1016/j.lwt.2011.10.023	2012
Genetics	Gulls in Porto Coastline as Reservoirs for Salmonella spp.: Findings from 2008 and 2023.	Rodrigues IC, Cristal AP, Ribeiro-Almeida M, Silveira L, Prata JC, Simoes R, Vaz-Pires P, Pista A, Martins da Costa P.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12010059	2023
Metabolism	Assessment of a process to degrade metal working fluids using Pseudomonas stutzeri CECT 930 and indigenous microbial consortia.	Moscoso F, Deive FJ, Villar P, Pena R, Herrero L, Longo MA, Sanroman MA.	Chemosphere	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.012	2012
	Green Technologies for Persimmon By-Products Revalorisation as Sustainable Sources of Dietary Fibre and Antioxidants for Functional Beverages Development.	Salazar-Bermeo J, Moreno-Chamba B, Heredia-Hortiguela R, Lizama V, Martinez-Madrid MC, Saura D, Valero M, Neacsu M, Marti N.	Antioxidants (Basel)	10.3390/antiox12051085	2023
Metabolism	Technoeconomic assessment of phenanthrene degradation by Pseudomonas stutzeri CECT 930 in a batch bioreactor.	Moscoso F, Deive FJ, Longo MA, Sanroman MA.	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.053	2012
	Optimizing locked nucleic acid/2'-O-methyl-RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (LNA/2'OMe-FISH) procedure for bacterial detection.	Azevedo AS, Sousa IM, Fernandes RM, Azevedo NF, Almeida C.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0217689	2019
	Evaluation of two bacteriocin-producing probiotic lactic acid bacteria as inoculants for controlling Listeria monocytogenes in grass and maize silages	Amado IR, Fucinos C, Fajardo P, Guerra NP, Pastrana L.	Anim Feed Sci Technol	10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.05.006	2012
	Preparation and characterization of a bifunctional aldolase/kinase enzyme: a more efficient biocatalyst for C-C bond formation.	Iturrate L, Sanchez-Moreno I, Oroz-Guinea I, Perez-Gil J, Garcia-Junceda E.	Chemistry	10.1002/chem.200903096	2010
	Anti-Listerial Activity of Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance Produced by Enterococcus lactis LBM BT2 Using Alternative Medium with Sugarcane Molasses.	Oliveira TF, Kuniyoshi TM, Frota EG, Bermudez-Puga S, Sakaue LN, Cassiano LL, Tachibana L, Piccoli RAM, Converti A, Oliveira RPS.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics13030210	2024
	The combined effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Tuber melanosporum on the quality of Pinus halepensis seedlings.	Dominguez JA, Martin A, Anriquez A, Albanesi A.	Mycorrhiza	10.1007/s00572-011-0420-0	2012
	Production of Pumilarin and a Novel Circular Bacteriocin, Altitudin A, by Bacillus altitudinis ECC22, a Soil-Derived Bacteriocin Producer.	Lafuente I, Sevillano E, Pena N, Cuartero A, Hernandez PE, Cintas LM, Munoz-Atienza E, Borrero J.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms25042020	2024
	Biodegradation of Choline NTF₂ by Pantoea agglomerans in Different Osmolarity. Characterization and Environmental Implications of the Produced Exopolysaccharide.	Concepcion A, Ricardo A, Enrique SL.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym15193974	2023
Metabolism	Optimization of process parameters for the production of tyrosine phenol lyase by Citrobacterfreundii MTCC 2424.	Chandel M, Azmi W.	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2008.09.044	2009
	Short Synthesis of Structurally Diverse N-Acylhomoserine Lactone Analogs and Discovery of Novel Quorum Quenchers Against Gram-Negative Pathogens.	Porras M, Hernandez D, Boto A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms26041775	2025
	Antimicrobial Activity of Five Apitoxins from Apis mellifera on Two Common Foodborne Pathogens.	Lamas A, Arteaga V, Regal P, Vazquez B, Miranda JM, Cepeda A, Franco CM.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics9070367	2020
Pathogenicity	Bioprotection of Zea mays L. from aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus by Loigolactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4.	Salman M, Javed MR, Ali H, Mustafa G, Tariq A, Sahar T, Naheed S, Gill I, Abid M, Tawab A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0271269	2022
Metabolism	Contributions to a better comprehension of redox-mediated decolouration and detoxification of azo dyes by a laccase produced by Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335.	Moya R, Hernandez M, Garcia-Martin AB, Ball AS, Arias ME.	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.061	2010
Metabolism	Structure and biosynthesis of sorangipyranone - a new gamma-dihydropyrone from the myxobacterial strain MSr12020.	Okoth DA, Hug JJ, Mandi A, Kurtan T, Garcia R, Muller R.	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1093/jimb/kuab029	2021
	Establishment of a Sonotrode Extraction Method and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential of an Optimized Vaccinium myrtillus L. Leaves Extract as Functional Ingredient.	Gil-Martinez L, Aznar-Ramos MJ, Del Carmen Razola-Diaz M, Mut-Salud N, Falcon-Pineiro A, Banos A, Guillamon E, Gomez-Caravaca AM, Verardo V.	Foods	10.3390/foods12081688	2023
	Dual effects of a bacteriocin-producing Lactiplantibacillus pentosus CF-6HA, isolated from fermented aloreña table olives, as potential probiotic and antimicrobial agent.	Abriouel H, Caballero Gomez N, Manetsberger J, Benomar N.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28408	2024
Metabolism	Dietary Supplementation of Microbial Dextran and Inulin Exerts Hypocholesterolemic Effects and Modulates Gut Microbiota in BALB/c Mice Models.	Jawad I, Bin Tawseen H, Irfan M, Ahmad W, Hassan M, Sattar F, Awan FR, Khaliq S, Akhtar N, Akhtar K, Anwar MA, Munawar N.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms24065314	2023
	Enhanced Antibiotic Tolerance of an In Vitro Multispecies Uropathogen Biofilm Model, Useful for Studies of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.	Hou J, Wang L, Alm M, Thomsen P, Monsen T, Ramstedt M, Burmolle M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10061207	2022
Enzymology	Arginine and lysine decarboxylases and the acid tolerance response of Salmonella Typhimurium.	Alvarez-Ordonez A, Fernandez A, Bernardo A, Lopez M.	Int J Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.09.024	2010
	Advances in polysaccharide-based biopolymers for probiotic encapsulation: From single polysaccharides to composite systems.	Gao R, Zhao D, Zhou X, Wan Z, Wang X, Rao H, Liu X, Gao X, Hao J.	Curr Res Food Sci	10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101186	2025
	Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances production by Enterococcus faecium 135 in co-culture with Ligilactobacillus salivarius and Limosilactobacillus reuteri.	Piazentin ACM, Mendonca CMN, Vallejo M, Mussatto SI, de Souza Oliveira RP.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-021-00661-6	2022
Pathogenicity	Biocontrol Agents and Natural Feed Supplements as a Safe and Cost-Effective Way for Preventing Health Ailments Provoked by Mycotoxins.	Stoev SD.	Foods	10.3390/foods14111960	2025
	Tuning the Phosphoryl Donor Specificity of Dihydroxyacetone Kinase from ATP to Inorganic Polyphosphate. An Insight from Computational Studies.	Sanchez-Moreno I, Bordes I, Castillo R, Ruiz-Pernia JJ, Moliner V, Garcia-Junceda E.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms161126073	2015
	Functional connexion of bacterioferritin in antibiotic production and morphological differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor.	Garcia-Martin J, Garcia-Abad L, Santamaria RI, Diaz M.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-024-02510-1	2024
Metabolism	Acid tolerance in Salmonella typhimurium induced by culturing in the presence of organic acids at different growth temperatures.	Alvarez-Ordonez A, Fernandez A, Bernardo A, Lopez M.	Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.fm.2009.07.015	2010
	Antioxidant, Antihypertensive and Antimicrobial Properties of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Native Plants by Different Extraction Methods.	Boy FR, Casquete R, Martinez A, Cordoba MG, Ruiz-Moyano S, Benito MJ.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph18052475	2021
Genetics	Microbial Gatekeepers of Fertility in the Female Reproductive Microbiome of Cattle.	Adnane M, Chapwanya A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms252010923	2024
Metabolism	Antifungal Activity of Biocontrol Agents In Vitro and Potential Application to Reduce Mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A).	Illueca F, Vila-Donat P, Calpe J, Luz C, Meca G, Quiles JM.	Toxins (Basel)	10.3390/toxins13110752	2021
	Nisin S, a Novel Nisin Variant Produced by Ligilactobacillus salivarius P1CEA3.	Sevillano E, Pena N, Lafuente I, Cintas LM, Munoz-Atienza E, Hernandez PE, Borrero J.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms24076813	2023
	Evaluation of New Antimicrobial Materials Incorporating Ethyl Lauroyl Arginate or Silver into Different Matrices, and Their Safety in Use as Potential Packaging.	Manso S, Wrona M, Salafranca J, Nerin C, Alfonso MJ, Caballero MA.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym13030355	2021
	Materials Used for the Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria in the Food Industry.	Kowalska E, Ziarno M, Ekielski A, Zelazinski T.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27103321	2022
	Insecticidal characteristics and structural identification of the potential active compounds from Streptomyces sp. KR0006: Strain improvement through mutagenesis.	Kim YS, Umurzokov M, Cho KM, Choi JS, Park KW.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0274766	2022
Enzymology	Xylan-binding xylanase Xyl30 from Streptomyces avermitilis: cloning, characterization, and overproduction in solid-state fermentation.	Hernandez A, Lopez JC, Santamaria R, Diaz M, Fernandez-Abalos JM, Copa-Patino JL, Soliveri J.	Int Microbiol		2008
	Phytochemistry, Toxicology, and Pharmacological Properties of Origanum elongatum.	Abdelaali B, El Menyiy N, El Omari N, Benali T, Guaouguaou FE, Salhi N, Naceiri Mrabti H, Naceiri Mrabti H, Bouyahya A.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2021/6658593	2021
Biotechnology	Modifications in membrane fatty acid composition of Salmonella typhimurium in response to growth conditions and their effect on heat resistance.	Alvarez-Ordonez A, Fernandez A, Lopez M, Arenas R, Bernardo A.	Int J Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.01.015	2008
Metabolism	Metabolic Engineering of Klebsiella pneumoniae for the Production of 2-Butanone from Glucose.	Chen Z, Sun H, Huang J, Wu Y, Liu D.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0140508	2015
Enzymology	Thermodynamic and mutational studies of l-N-carbamoylase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT 4114 catalytic centre.	Martinez-Rodriguez S, Andujar-Sanchez M, Clemente Jimenez JM, Jara-Perez V, Rodriguez-Vico F, Las Heras-Vazquez FJ.	Biochimie	10.1016/j.biochi.2006.01.012	2006
	Transformation of Lactobacillus plantarum by electroporation with in vitro modified plasmid DNA.	Alegre MT, Rodriguez MC, Mesas JM.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/j.femsle.2004.10.006	2004
Enzymology	A Tailspike with Exopolysaccharide Depolymerase Activity from a New Providencia stuartii Phage Makes Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Susceptible to Serum-Mediated Killing.	Oliveira H, Pinto G, Mendes B, Dias O, Hendrix H, Akturk E, Noben JP, Gawor J, Lobocka M, Lavigne R, Azeredo J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00073-20	2020
Enzymology	The Metallochaperone Encoding Gene hypA Is Widely Distributed among Pathogenic Aeromonas spp. and Its Expression Is Increased under Acidic pH and within Macrophages.	Fernandez-Bravo A, Lopez-Fernandez L, Figueras MJ.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms7100415	2019
	In vitro adherence of conjunctival bacteria to different oculoplastic materials.	Toribio A, Martinez-Blanco H, Rodriguez-Aparicio L, Ferrero MA, Marrodan T, Fernandez-Natal I.	Int J Ophthalmol	10.18240/ijo.2018.12.03	2018
Metabolism	Structure Determination, Functional Characterization, and Biosynthetic Implications of Nybomycin Metabolites from a Mining Reclamation Site-Associated Streptomyces.	Wang X, Elshahawi SI, Ponomareva LV, Ye Q, Liu Y, Copley GC, Hower JC, Hatcher BE, Kharel MK, Van Lanen SG, She QB, Voss SR, Thorson JS, Shaaban KA.	J Nat Prod	10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01015	2019
Enzymology	Antimicrobial activity of nisin adsorbed to surfaces commonly used in the food industry.	Guerra NP, Araujo AB, Barrera AM, Agrasar AT, Macias CL, Carballo J, Pastrana L.	J Food Prot	10.4315/0362-028x-68.5.1012	2005
Phylogeny	Isolation and identification of endophytic actinobacteria from Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad and their antibacterial properties.	Ali AR, Bahrami Y, Kakaei E, Mohammadzadeh S, Bouk S, Jalilian N.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-022-01936-9	2022
Metabolism	A simple method for semi-preparative-scale production and recovery of enterocin AS-48 derived from Enterococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens A-48-32.	Abriouel H, Valdivia E, Martinez-Bueno M, Maqueda M, Galvez A.	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/s0167-7012(03)00202-1	2003
	Addition of Grape Skin and Stems Extracts in Wines during the Storage to Reduce the Sulfur Dioxide: Impact on Red Wine Quality.	Casquete R, Benito MJ, Perez-Nevado F, Martinez A, Martin A, de Guia Cordoba M.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph18052783	2021
Enzymology	Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of L-N-carbamoylase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114.	Martinez-Rodriguez S, Clemente-Jimenez JM, Rodriguez-Vico F, Las Heras-Vazquez FJ.	J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1159/000088142	2005
Metabolism	Enhancement of nisin production by Lactococcus lactis in periodically re-alkalized cultures.	Guerra NP, Castro LP.	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1042/ba20030059	2003
	A Novel Secreted Cysteine-Rich Anionic (Sca) Protein from the Citrus Postharvest Pathogen Penicillium digitatum Enhances Virulence and Modulates the Activity of the Antifungal Protein B (AfpB).	Garrigues S, Marcos JF, Manzanares P, Gandia M.	J Fungi (Basel)	10.3390/jof6040203	2020
Phylogeny	Phylogenetic affiliation of Aeromonas culicicola MTCC 3249(T) based on gyrB gene sequence and PCR-amplicon sequence analysis of cytolytic enterotoxin gene.	Pidiyar VJ, Jangid K, Dayananda KM, Kaznowski A, Gonzalez JM, Patole MS, Shouche YS.	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1078/072320203322346047	2003
	Microbial Inoculation for Productivity Improvements and Potential Biological Control in Sugar Beet Crops.	Sacristan-Perez-Minayo G, Lopez-Robles DJ, Rad C, Miranda-Barroso L.	Front Plant Sci	10.3389/fpls.2020.604898	2020
	Evaluation of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of chitosan edible films incorporated with organic essential oils obtained from four Thymus species.	Ballester-Costa C, Sendra E, Fernandez-Lopez J, Viuda-Martos M.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-016-2312-y	2016
Pathogenicity	Inhibition of hydrolytic enzyme activities and plant pathogen growth by invertase inhibitors.	Isla MI, Ordonez RM, Moreno MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA.	J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem	10.1080/14756360290005570	2002
Genetics	Identification of polyketide synthase genes required for aspinolide biosynthesis in Trichoderma arundinaceum.	Cardoza RE, McCormick SP, Izquierdo-Bueno I, Martinez-Reyes N, Lindo L, Brown DW, Collado IG, Proctor RH, Gutierrez S.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-022-12182-9	2022
Metabolism	Batch and fed-batch production of probiotic biomass and nisin in nutrient-supplemented whey media.	Malvido MC, Gonzalez EA, Bazan Tantalean DL, Bendana Jacome RJ, Guerra NP.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-019-00114-1	2019
Metabolism	Analysis of alkali-lignin in a paper mill effluent decolourised with two Streptomyces strains by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after cupric oxide degradation.	Hemandez M, Hernandez-Coronado MJ, Montiel MD, Rodriguez J, Arias ME.	J Chromatogr A	10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00813-5	2001
Metabolism	The Joint Effect of pH Gradient and Glucose Feeding on the Growth Kinetics of Lactococcus lactis CECT 539 in Glucose-Limited Fed-Batch Cultures.	Malvido MC, Gonzalez EA, Bendana Jacome RJ, Guerra NP.	Pol J Microbiol	10.33073/pjm-2019-030	2019
	Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 2-azetidinones with sulfonamide structures.	Dragostin OM, Lupascu F, Vasile C, Mares M, Nastasa V, Moraru RF, Pieptu D, Profire L.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules18044140	2013
Metabolism	Biotechnological Valorization of Food Marine Wastes: Microbial Productions on Peptones Obtained from Aquaculture By-Products.	Vazquez JA, Duran AI, Menduina A, Nogueira M.	Biomolecules	10.3390/biom10081184	2020
Enzymology	Production of Valuable Compounds and Bioactive Metabolites from By-Products of Fish Discards Using Chemical Processing, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Bacterial Fermentation.	Vazquez JA, Meduina A, Duran AI, Nogueira M, Fernandez-Compas A, Perez-Martin RI, Rodriguez-Amado I.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md17030139	2019
	Coconut milk beverage fermented by Lactobacillus reuteri: optimization process and stability during refrigerated storage.	Mauro CSI, Garcia S.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-018-3545-8	2019
	Streptomyces avermitilis CECT 3339 produces a ferulic acid esterase able to release ferulic acid from sugar beet pulp soluble feruloylated oligosaccharides	Ferreira P, Diez N, Gutierrez C, Soliveri J, Copa-Patino JL.	J Sci Food Agric	10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(19990301)79:3<440::aid-jsfa278>3.0.co;2-c	1999
	Human milk microbiota in sub-acute lactational mastitis induces inflammation and undergoes changes in composition, diversity and load.	Boix-Amoros A, Hernandez-Aguilar MT, Artacho A, Collado MC, Mira A.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-74719-0	2020
	Bioconversion of Fish Discards through the Production of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Metabolites: Sustainable Application of Fish Peptones in Nutritive Fermentation Media.	Vazquez JA, Duran AI, Menduina A, Nogueira M, Gomes AM, Antunes J, Freitas AC, Daga E, Daga P, Valcarcel J.	Foods	10.3390/foods9091239	2020
Genetics	Genome sequencing and multifaceted taxonomic analysis of novel strains of violacein-producing bacteria and non-violacein-producing close relatives.	De Leon ME, Wilson HS, Jospin G, Eisen JA.	Microb Genom	10.1099/mgen.0.000971	2023
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Enzymology	Immobilization of Biomass Materials for Removal of Refractory Organic Pollutants from Wastewater.	Liu D, Yang X, Zhang L, Tang Y, He H, Liang M, Tu Z, Zhu H.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph192113830	2022
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Enzymology	Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of an active-site mutant hydantoin racemase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114.	Martinez-Rodriguez S, Gonzalez-Ramirez LA, Clemente-Jimenez JM, Rodriguez-Vico F, Las Heras-Vazquez FJ, Gavira JA, Garcia-Ruiz JM.	Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun	10.1107/s1744309107066122	2008
	Trends and challenges of fruit by-products utilization: insights into safety, sensory, and benefits of the use for the development of innovative healthy food: a review.	Hasan MM, Islam MR, Haque AR, Kabir MR, Khushe KJ, Hasan SMK.	Bioresour Bioprocess	10.1186/s40643-023-00722-8	2024
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Metabolism	Efficient production and characterization of the novel and highly active antifungal protein AfpB from Penicillium digitatum.	Garrigues S, Gandia M, Popa C, Borics A, Marx F, Coca M, Marcos JF, Manzanares P.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-15277-w	2017
	Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and its culture supernatant modulate Salmonella-induced inflammation in a novel transwell co-culture of human intestinal-like dendritic and Caco-2 cells.	Bermudez-Brito M, Munoz-Quezada S, Gomez-Llorente C, Matencio E, Romero F, Gil A.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-015-0408-6	2015
	Evidence of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics in Intestinal Chronic Diseases.	Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Vilchez-Padial LM, Gil A.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu9060555	2017
Phylogeny	First characterization of bacterial pathogen, Vibrio alginolyticus, for Porites andrewsi White syndrome in the South China Sea.	Zhenyu X, Shaowen K, Chaoqun H, Zhixiong Z, Shifeng W, Yongcan Z.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0075425	2013
Metabolism	Altering the Structure of Carbohydrate Storage Granules in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 through Branching-Enzyme Truncations.	Welkie DG, Lee BH, Sherman LA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00830-15	2015
Enzymology	Unraveling the Enzymatic Basis of Wine "Flavorome": A Phylo-Functional Study of Wine Related Yeast Species.	Belda I, Ruiz J, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Navascues E, Marquina D, Santos A.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00012	2016
Enzymology	Innovative Approaches Using Lichen Enriched Media to Improve Isolation and Culturability of Lichen Associated Bacteria.	Biosca EG, Flores R, Santander RD, Diez-Gil JL, Barreno E.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0160328	2016
Metabolism	Production and characterization of a novel antifungal chitinase identified by functional screening of a suppressive-soil metagenome.	Berini F, Presti I, Beltrametti F, Pedroli M, Varum KM, Pollegioni L, Sjoling S, Marinelli F.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-017-0634-8	2017
Enzymology	Cellular localization of uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine oxidoreductase activity in Citrobacter freundii.	Wheat RW, Barrow RO, Land GA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.127.2.1032-1035.1976	1976
Enzymology	Molecular cloning, purification, and biochemical characterization of hydantoin racemase from the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT 4114.	Martinez-Rodriguez S, Las Heras-Vazquez FJ, Mingorance-Cazorla L, Clemente-Jimenez JM, Rodriguez-Vico F.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.1.625-630.2004	2004
	From broad-spectrum biocides to quorum sensing disruptors and mussel repellents: antifouling profile of alkyl triphenylphosphonium salts.	Martin-Rodriguez AJ, Babarro JM, Lahoz F, Sanson M, Martin VS, Norte M, Fernandez JJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0123652	2015
Pathogenicity	Biphasic toxicodynamic features of some antimicrobial agents on microbial growth: a dynamic mathematical model and its implications on hormesis.	Murado MA, Vazquez JA.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-10-220	2010
	Determination of bacteriocin activity with bioassays carried out on solid and liquid substrates: assessing the factor "indicator microorganism".	Papagianni M, Avramidis N, Filioussis G, Dasiou D, Ambrosiadis I.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/1475-2859-5-30	2006
Enzymology	Identification of products of the uridinediphospho-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine oxidoreductase system from Citrobacter freundii ATCC 10053.	Daniel A, Raff RA, Wheat RW.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.110.1.110-116.1972	1972
Metabolism	Kraft pulp biobleaching and mediated oxidation of a nonphenolic substrate by laccase from Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335.	Arias ME, Arenas M, Rodriguez J, Soliveri J, Ball AS, Hernandez M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.4.1953-1958.2003	2003
Enzymology	Nitric oxide reductase (norB) genes from pure cultures and environmental samples.	Braker G, Tiedje JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.6.3476-3483.2003	2003
	Design and synthesis of novel antimicrobial acyclic and heterocyclic dyes and their precursors for dyeing and/or textile finishing based on 2-N-acylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene systems.	Shams HZ, Mohareb RM, Helal MH, Mahmoud Ael-S.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules16086271	2011
Metabolism	Heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis: NO2-, NO3-, N2O, and NO production in exponentially growing cultures.	Papen H, von Berg R, Hinkel I, Thoene B, Rennenberg H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.55.8.2068-2072.1989	1989
Phylogeny	Quantification of 16S rRNAs in complex bacterial communities by multiple competitive reverse transcription-PCR in temperature gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprints.	Felske A, Akkermans AD, De Vos WM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.11.4581-4587.1998	1998
	SmvA is an important efflux pump for cationic biocides in Klebsiella pneumoniae and other Enterobacteriaceae.	Wand ME, Jamshidi S, Bock LJ, Rahman KM, Sutton JM.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-37730-0	2019
Enzymology	Plasmid pEC156, a Naturally Occurring Escherichia coli Genetic Element That Carries Genes of the EcoVIII Restriction-Modification System, Is Mobilizable among Enterobacteria.	Werbowy O, Kaczorowski T.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0148355	2016
	Microfluidic droplet application for bacterial surveillance in fresh-cut produce wash waters.	Harmon JB, Gray HK, Young CC, Schwab KJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0233239	2020
	Identification of RNase 8 as a novel human antimicrobial protein.	Rudolph B, Podschun R, Sahly H, Schubert S, Schroder JM, Harder J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00246-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Burkholderia is highly resistant to human Beta-defensin 3.	Sahly H, Schubert S, Harder J, Rautenberg P, Ullmann U, Schroder J, Podschun R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.5.1739-1741.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	Microtitre plate-based antibacterial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and its application in the in vitro antibacterial screening of phytochemicals.	Sarker SD, Nahar L, Kumarasamy Y.	Methods	10.1016/j.ymeth.2007.01.006	2007
Biotechnology	Comparison of fecal coliform agar and violet red bile lactose agar for fecal coliform enumeration in foods.	Leclercq A, Wanegue C, Baylac P.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.4.1631-1638.2002	2002
	Evaluation of a Rapid Diagnostic Test for Detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in the Lao People's Democratic Republic.	Woods KL, Boutthasavong L, NicFhogartaigh C, Lee SJ, Davong V, AuCoin DP, Dance DAB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02002-17	2018
	Bioactive constituents and medicinal importance of genus Alnus.	Sati SC, Sati N, Sati OP.	Pharmacogn Rev	10.4103/0973-7847.91115	2011
Pathogenicity	Postantibiotic effect of meropenem on members of the family Enterobacteriaceae determined by five methods.	MacKenzie FM, Gould IM, Chapman DG, Jason D.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.11.2583	1994
Biotechnology	A real-time PCR assay for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni in foods after enrichment culture.	Sails AD, Fox AJ, Bolton FJ, Wareing DR, Greenway DL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.3.1383-1390.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	Copper-resistant enteric bacteria from United Kingdom and Australian piggeries.	Williams JR, Morgan AG, Rouch DA, Brown NL, Lee BT.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.8.2531-2537.1993	1993
	A quantitative PCR (TaqMan) assay for pathogenic Leptospira spp.	Smythe LD, Smith IL, Smith GA, Dohnt MF, Symonds ML, Barnett LJ, McKay DB.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/1471-2334-2-13	2002
	Distribution and diversity of hsd genes in Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria.	Daniel AS, Fuller-Pace FV, Legge DM, Murray NE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.170.4.1775-1782.1988	1988
Enzymology	The apparent conservation of the internal low efficiency promoter of the tryptophan operons of several species of Enterobacteriaceae.	Largen M, Belser W.	Genetics	10.1093/genetics/75.1.19	1973
Cultivation	Nalidixic acid as a selective agent for the isolation of enterobacteria from river water.	Hughes C.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s0022172400055479	1976
Metabolism	Application of the 5'-nuclease PCR assay in evaluation and development of methods for quantitative detection of Campylobacter jejuni.	Nogva HK, Bergh A, Holck A, Rudi K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.9.4029-4036.2000	2000
Enzymology	Tryptophan biosynthetic pathway in the Enterobacteriaceae: some physical properties of the enzymes.	Largen M, Belser WL.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.121.1.239-249.1975	1975
	Characterization of IncI1 sequence type 71 epidemic plasmid lineage responsible for the recent dissemination of CTX-M-65 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in the Bolivian Chaco region.	Riccobono E, Di Pilato V, Di Maggio T, Revollo C, Bartoloni A, Pallecchi L, Rossolini GM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00589-15	2015
	A New Ursane-Type Pentacyclic Triterpenoid from the Tree Bark of Sandoricum koetjape: Antibacterial, DFT, and Molecular Docking Study.	Khatimah H, Hermawati E, Mulya F, Abdjan MI, Kuamit T, Danova A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms262110389	2025
	Human Milk Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides from In Vitro-Digested Colostrum Exert Antimicrobial Activities against Common Neonatal Pathogens.	Lyu Y, Kim BJ, Patel JS, Dallas DC, Chen Y.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu16132040	2024
	Exploration of pharmacological potentialities of Bauhinia acuminata L. fruits by in vitro and in vivo assays supported by computational analysis.	Sikdar P, Kundu P, Zohora FT, Aktar MR, Biswas BB, Hossain MS, Faruque M, Ahmed KS, Hossain H, Mazumder K, Biswas NN, Sadhu SK.	J Ayurveda Integr Med	10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101127	2025
Enzymology	Use of real-time PCR as an alternative to conventional genotyping methods for the laboratory detection of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV).	Woodson EN, Katz SS, Mosley SS, Danavall DC, Bowden KE, Chi KH, Raphael BH.	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115532	2021
	Gemifloxacin-transition metal complexes as therapeutic candidates: antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-enzymatic, and docking studies of newly synthesized complexes.	Shamim S, Gul S, Rauf A, Rashid U, Khan A, Amin R, Akhtar F.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10378	2022
	Synthesis and antibacterial activities of antibacterial peptides with a spiropyran fluorescence probe.	Chen L, Zhu Y, Yang D, Zou R, Wu J, Tian H.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep06860	2014
	Novel TaqMan^® real-time PCR targeting invJ gene for 8-h detection of Salmonella from food matrices.	Isaac AM, Kolla HB, Pallavi KP, Bandyadka S, Mhatre CN, Urs RM, Kingston JJ.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1517680	2025
	In-vitro antimicrobial activity and identification of bioactive components using GC-MS of commercially available essential oils in Saudi Arabia.	Ashraf SA, Al-Shammari E, Hussain T, Tajuddin S, Panda BP.	J Food Sci Technol	10.1007/s13197-017-2859-2	2017
Phylogeny	Genetic characterization of atypical Citrobacter freundii.	Delgado G, Souza V, Morales R, Cerritos R, Gonzalez-Gonzalez A, Mendez JL, Vazquez V, Cravioto A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0074120	2013
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of Citrobacter werkmanii strain BF-6 isolated from industrial putrefaction.	Zhou G, Peng H, Wang YS, Huang XM, Xie XB, Shi QS.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-017-4157-9	2017
	In vitro antibacterial potency of Butea monosperma Lam. against 12 clinically isolated multidrug resistant bacteria	Sahu M, Padhy R.	Asian Pac J Trop Dis	10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60044-4	2013
	The Role of the Plant-Soil Relationship in Agricultural Production-With Particular Regard to PGPB Application and Phytoremediation.	Kisvarga S, Hamar-Farkas D, Ordogh M, Horotan K, Nemenyi A, Kovacs D, Orloci L.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11061616	2023
	Simultaneous Detection of Four Main Foodborne Pathogens in Ready-to-Eat Food by Using a Simple and Rapid Multiplex PCR (mPCR) Assay.	Boukharouba A, Gonzalez A, Garcia-Ferrus M, Ferrus MA, Botella S.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph19031031	2022
	Design and 3D printing of an electrochemical sensor for Listeria monocytogenes detection based on loop mediated isothermal amplification.	Rivas-Macho A, Eletxigerra U, Diez-Ahedo R, Merino S, Sanjuan A, Bou-Ali MM, Ruiz-Rubio L, Del Campo J, Vilas-Vilela JL, Goni-de-Cerio F, Olabarria G.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12637	2023
	Lower termite (Coptotermes heimi) gut fibrolytic bacterial consortium: Isolation, phylogenetic characterization, fibre degradation potential and in vitro digestibility.	Kumawat PK, Sarkar S, Kumar S, Sahoo A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0318090	2025
	Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles by Using Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Tuber Extract and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity.	Nayem SMA, Sultana N, Haque MA, Miah B, Hasan MM, Islam T, Hasan MM, Awal A, Uddin J, Aziz MA, Ahammad AJS.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules25204773	2020
Pathogenicity	Does Phage Therapy Need a Pan-Phage?	Bozidis P, Markou E, Gouni A, Gartzonika K.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens13060522	2024
Phylogeny	Generation of electrical energy in a microbial fuel cell coupling acetate oxidation to Fe(3+) reduction and isolation of the involved bacteria.	Becerril-Varela K, Serment-Guerrero JH, Manzanares-Leal GL, Ramirez-Duran N, Guerrero-Barajas C	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s11274-021-03077-4	2021
	3D printed imaging platform for portable cell counting.	Awate DM, Pola CC, Shumaker E, Gomes CL, Juarez JJ	Analyst	10.1039/d1an00778e	2021
Metabolism	1,3-Propanediol production by new recombinant Escherichia coli containing genes from pathogenic bacteria.	Przystalowska H, Zeyland J, Szymanowska-Powalowska D, Szalata M, Slomski R, Lipinski D	Microbiol Res	10.1016/j.micres.2014.12.007	2014
Pathogenicity	Characterization of qnrB-like genes in Citrobacter species of the American Type Culture Collection.	Saga T, Sabtcheva S, Mitsutake K, Ishii Y, Tateda K, Yamaguchi K, Kaku M	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.02396-12	2013
Genetics	Draft Genome Sequence of the Type Species of the Genus Citrobacter, Citrobacter freundii MTCC 1658.	Kumar S, Kaur C, Kimura K, Takeo M, Raghava GP, Mayilraj S	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomeA.00120-12	2013
	Comparative study of anthocyanin composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruits.	Burdulis D, Sarkinas A, Jasutiene I, Stackevicene E, Nikolajevas L, Janulis V	Acta Pol Pharm		2009
Pathogenicity	Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antibacterial activity of some thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazole incorporating diphenylsulfone moieties.	Barbuceanu SF, Almajan GL, Saramet I, Draghici C, Tarcomnicu AI, Bancescu G	Eur J Med Chem	10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.06.021	2009
Pathogenicity	Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of some triazole Mannich bases carrying diphenylsulfone moieties.	Almajan GL, Barbuceanu SF, Almajan ER, Draghici C, Saramet G	Eur J Med Chem	10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.07.003	2008
Enzymology	Characterization of membrane-bound spermidine dehydrogenase of Citrobacter freundii.	Hisano T, Murata K, Kimura A, Matsushita K, Toyama H, Adachi O	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.56.1916	1992
Metabolism	Conservation of DNA sequences for plasmid-mediated citrate utilization within the enterobacteria.	Hirato T, Ishiguro N, Shinagawa M, Sato G	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.165.1.324-327.1986	1986
	LC-MS profile, in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antibacterial and hemostatic properties of Ranunculus bullatus extract.	Lemoui R, Cheriet T, Kahlouche F, Noman L, Seghiri R, Abudunia A	Nat Prod Res	10.1080/14786419.2022.2136661	2022
	Iron reducing sludge as a source of electroactive bacteria: assessing iron reduction in biofilm bacteria, planktonic cells and isolates from a microbial fuel cell.	Gonzalez-Paz JR, Becerril-Varela K, Guerrero-Barajas C	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-022-03253-6	2022
Genetics	Engineering Citrobacter freundii using CRISPR/Cas9 system.	Alfaro T, Elmore JR, Stromberg ZR, Hutchison JR, Hess BM	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106533	2022
	Citrobacter meridianamericanus sp. nov., isolated from a soil sample.	Furlan JPR, Ribeiro TG, Novais A, Cabral H, Peixe L, Stehling EG.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.005720	2023
Phylogeny	Citrobacter tructae sp. nov. Isolated from Kidney of Diseased Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).	Jung WJ, Kim HJ, Giri SS, Kim SG, Kim SW, Kang JW, Kwon J, Lee SB, Oh WT, Jun JW, Park SC.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9020275	2021
	Polyphasic Characterisation of Cedecea colo sp. nov., a New Enteric Bacterium Isolated from the Koala Hindgut.	Boath JM, Dakhal S, Van TTH, Moore RJ, Dekiwadia C, Macreadie IG.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8020309	2020
Metabolism	Genetic and biochemical characterization of Citrobacter rodentium sp. nov.	Schauer DB, Zabel BA, Pedraza IF, O'Hara CM, Steigerwalt AG, Brenner DJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.8.2064-2068.1995	1995
Genetics	Description and Genome-Based Analysis of Vibrio chaetopteri sp. nov., a New Species of the Mediterranei Clade Isolated from a Marine Polychaete.	Kurilenko V, Bystritskaya E, Otstavnykh N, Velansky P, Lichmanuk D, Savicheva Y, Romanenko L, Isaeva M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms13030638	2025
Genetics	Superficieibacter electus gen. nov., sp. nov., an Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase Possessing Member of the Enterobacteriaceae Family, Isolated From Intensive Care Unit Surfaces.	Potter RF, D'Souza AW, Wallace MA, Shupe A, Patel S, Gul D, Kwon JH, Beatty W, Andleeb S, Burnham CD, Dantas G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.01629	2018
Phylogeny	Citrobacter portucalensis sp. nov., isolated from an aquatic sample.	Ribeiro TG, Goncalves BR, da Silva MS, Novais A, Machado E, Carrico JA, Peixe L	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002154	2017

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#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

Content

About us

Citrobacter freundii (DSM 30039, ATCC 8090, IFO 12681)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Antibiotic susceptibility testing

Spore formation

Metabolite utilization

Antibiotic resistance

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API 20E

API zym

API biotype100

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_011064845

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

Help

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