Name: Clostridioides difficile 1780
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 2582

Type strain:

Species: Clostridioides difficile

Strain Designation: 1780, McClung 1780, 90556-M6S, 10008

Culture col. no.: DSM 1296, ATCC 9689, NCIB 10666, NCTC 11209, CCUG 4938, USDA 90556-M6S, JCM 1296, BCRC 10642, CECT 531, CIP 104282, LMG 15861, LMG 21717, NCIMB 10666

Strain history: CIP <- 1994, J.P. Carlier, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France: strain 10008 <- ATCC <- F.E. Clark: strain 90556-M6S

NCBI tax ID(s): 1496 (species)

SI-ID 377146

LMG 15861, ATCC 9689, CCRC 10642, CCUG 4938, DSM 1296, JCM 1296, NCIMB 10666, NCTC 11209, CIP 104282, NCIB 10666, CECT 531, KCTC 3264, KCTC 5009, LMG 21717, BCRC 10642, VTT E-001746, VTT E-011964, AS 1.2184

Other strains from Clostridioides difficile

Section

Clostridioides difficile 1780 is an anaerobe, spore-forming, mesophilic human pathogen that produces toxins and was isolated from Human feces.

toxin production
rod-shaped
spore-forming
anaerobe
human pathogen
mesophilic
16S sequence
Bacteria
genome sequence

Information on the name and the taxonomic classification. Name and taxonomic classification

	Last LPSN update	14-12-2023 (DD-MM-YYYY)
	Domain	"Bacteria"
	Phylum	*Bacillota*
	Class	*Clostridia*
	Order	*Eubacteriales*
	Family	*Peptostreptococcaceae*
	Genus	*Clostridioides*
	Species	**Clostridioides difficile**
	Full Scientific Name (LPSN)	Clostridioides difficile (Hall and O'Toole 1935) Lawson et al. 2016

	Synonym	"Bacillus* difficilis"*
	Synonym	"Peptoclostridium* difficile"*
	Synonym	Clostridium difficile

Information on morphological and physiological properties Morphology

[Ref.: #118934]	Gram stain	positive
[Ref.: #68367]	Gram stain	positive * from API 20A

[Ref.: #118934]	Cell shape	rod-shaped
[Ref.: #68367]	Cell shape	rod-shaped * from API 20A

[Ref.: #118934]	Motility	no

[Ref.: #627]	Type of hemolysis	gamma
[Ref.: #627]	Incubation period	1-2 days

Information on culture and growth conditions Culture and growth conditions

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium

FASTIDIOUS ANAEROBE AGAR (DSMZ Medium 1203)

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium

CHOPPED MEAT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 78)

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

[Ref.: #627]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #36612]

Culture medium

MEDIUM 20 - for Anaerobic bacteria

[Ref.: #36612]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #36612]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 20

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 187

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #118934]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

		Temperature
[Ref.: #627]	growth	37 °C
[Ref.: #36612]	growth	37 °C
[Ref.: #44808]	growth	37 °C
[Ref.: #67770]	growth	37 °C

[Ref.: #627]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #36612]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #44808]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #67770]	Temperature range	mesophilic

Information on physiology and metabolism Physiology and metabolism

[Ref.: #627]	Oxygen tolerance	anaerobe
[Ref.: #44808]	Oxygen tolerance	anaerobe
[Ref.: #118934]	Oxygen tolerance	anaerobe

[Ref.: #118934]	Ability of spore formation	yes
[Ref.: #68367]	Ability of spore formation	yes * from API 20A

[Ref.: #627]

Name of produced compound

clostridium difficile toxin

	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
[Ref.: #68367]	cellobiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 20A
[Ref.: #68380]	D-mannose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	esculin ChEBI	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #68367]	L-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 20A
[Ref.: #68380]	L-glutamate ChEBI	-	degradation	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	nitrate ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #118934]	nitrate ChEBI	+	respiration
[Ref.: #68380]	nitrate ChEBI	-	reduction	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	nitrite ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #68367]	raffinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 20A
[Ref.: #68380]	raffinose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68367]	sucrose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 20A
[Ref.: #68380]	tryptophan ChEBI	-	energy source	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68367]	urea ChEBI	-	hydrolysis	* from API 20A, API rID32A
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Metabolite production	Metabolite	Production
[Ref.: #118934]		indole ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #68380]		indole ChEBI	no	* from API rID32A

	Physiological tests	Metabolite	Indole test
[Ref.: #68380]		indole ChEBI	-	* from API rID32A

	Enzyme	Enzyme activity	EC number
[Ref.: #68382]	acid phosphatase	-	3.1.3.2	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68380]	alanine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.2	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	alpha-arabinosidase	-	3.2.1.55	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	* from API zym
[Ref.: #118934]	amylase	-
[Ref.: #118934]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphate	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	caseinase	-	3.4.21.50
[Ref.: #627]	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #68382]	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	* from API zym
[Ref.: #627]	cytochrome-c oxidase	-	1.9.3.1
[Ref.: #118934]	DNase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase (C 4)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase lipase (C 8)	-		* from API zym
[Ref.: #118934]	gelatinase	-
[Ref.: #68380]	glutamate decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.15	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	glutamyl-glutamate arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	glycin arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	histidine arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	L-arginine arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	lecithinase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	leucyl glycin arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	lipase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	lipase (C 14)	-		* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	* from API zym, API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	-		* from API zym
[Ref.: #118934]	oxidase	-
[Ref.: #68380]	phenylalanine arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	proline-arylamidase	+	3.4.11.5	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	protease	-
[Ref.: #68380]	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68380]	serine arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #68382]	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68380]	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	tween esterase	+
[Ref.: #68380]	tyrosine arylamidase	-		* from API rID32A
[Ref.: #118934]	urease	-	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #68380]	urease	-	3.5.1.5	* from API rID32A, API 20A
[Ref.: #68382]	valine arylamidase	-		* from API zym
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

Reference

[Ref.: #44808]

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C17:1 ISO I/C16:0 DMA	15.2	16.481
C16:0	12.5	16
C19:1 ISO I	8.4	18.473
C18:0	7	18
C19:0 CYCLO ω9c	6.4	18.87
C16:0 aldehyde	5.4	14.949
C16:1 ω7c	5	15.819
C18:1 ω9c	4.9	17.769
unknown 16.972	4.6	16.972
C16:1 ω9c	4.3	15.774
C17:0 CYCLO	4	16.888
C18:2 ω6,9c/C18:0 ANTE	3.2	17.724
unknown 9.730	3.2	9.73
C18:1 ω7c /12t/9t	2.5	17.824
C14:0	2.1	14
C12:0	2	12
C16:0 iso	1.8	15.626
C16:0 ISO DMA ?	1.8	16.107
C18:1 ISO H	1.8	17.46
Unidentified	1.2
C18:0 ISO	1.2	17.632
C12:0 ISO	0.9	11.608
C10:0	0.8	10

API® 20A:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Indole productionIND	Urease/urea hydrolysisURE	Acid from D-glucoseGLU	Acid from D-mannitolMAN	Acid from lactoseLAC	Acid from sucroseSAC	Acid from maltoseMAL	Acid from salicinSAL	Acid from D-xyloseXYL	Acid from L-arabinoseARA	Gelatinase/gelatin hydrolysisGEL	Esculin hydrolysis/beta-glucosidaseESC	Acid from glycerolGLY	Acid from cellobioseCEL	Acid from D-mannoseMNE	Acid from melezitoseMLZ	Acid from raffinoseRAF	Acid from sorbitolSOR	Acid from L-rhamnoseRHA	Acid from trehaloseTRE	CatalaseCAT	Spores presentSPOR	GramGRAM	Morphology coccus="+" rod="-"COCC
[Ref.: #627]	2170	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+/-	-	+/-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-
[Ref.: #627]	1994	+/-	-	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+/-	+/-	-	-	-	+/-	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-
[Ref.: #627]	1993	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-
[Ref.: #627]	1992	+/-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+/-	-	+	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-
[Ref.: #627]	1991	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+/-	+	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API® rID32A:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Urease/urea hydrolysisURE	Arginine dihydrolaseADH (Arg)	alpha-Galactosidasealpha GAL	beta-Galactosidasebeta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha-Glucosidasealpha GLU	beta-Glucosidasebeta GLU	alpha-Arabinosidasealpha ARA	beta-Glucuronidasebeta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	Fermentation of D-mannoseMNE	Fermentation of raffinoseRAF	Glutamate decarboxylaseGDC	alpha-Fucosidasealpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	Indole productionIND	Alkaline phosphatasePAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	Proline arylamidaseProA	Leucyl glycin arylamidaseLGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	Pyrrolidonyl arylamidasePyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
[Ref.: #627]	13276	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
[Ref.: #627]	13275	-	+/-	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API® zym:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Control	2-naphthyl phosphateAlkaline phosphatase	2-naphthyl butyrateEsterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	2-naphthyl myristateLipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamideTrypsin	N-glutaryl-phenylalanine-2-naphthylamidealpha- Chymotrypsin	2-naphthyl phosphateAcid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-galactpyranosidealpha- Galactosidase	2-naphthyl-betaD-galactpyranosidebeta- Galactosidase	Naphthol-AS-BI-betaD-glucuronidebeta- Glucuronidase	2-naphthyl-alphaD-glucopyranosidealpha- Glucosidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-betaD-glucopyranosidebeta- Glucosidase	1-naphthyl-N-acetyl-betaD-glucosaminideN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-mannopyranosidealpha- Mannosidase	2-naphthyl-alphaL-fucopyranosidealpha- Fucosidase
[Ref.: #118934]	7873	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Information on isolation source, the sampling and environmental conditions Isolation, sampling and environmental information

[Ref.: #67770]	Sample type/isolated from	Human feces
* marker position based on {}

[Ref.: #69479]

Global distribution of 16S sequence NR_112172 (>99% sequence identity) for Clostridioides difficile from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1013
Soil Samples	528
Animal Samples	37560
Plant Samples	192
Total Samples	39293

Information on possible application of the strain and its possible interaction with e.g. potential hosts Safety information

[Ref.: #627]	Pathogenicity (human)	yes
[Ref.: #627]	Pathogenicity (animal)	yes
[Ref.: #627]	Biosafety level	2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
[Ref.: #118934]	Biosafety level	2	Risk group (French classification)

Information on genomic background e.g. entries in nucleic sequence databass Sequence information

16S Sequence information:

Only first 5 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Sequence length (bp)	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #67770]	Clostridium difficile 16S rRNA gene, strain DSM 11209	X73450	1470	ENA	1496 tax ID
[Ref.: #627]	Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence	NR_112172	1466	GenBank	1121308 tax ID
[Ref.: #67770]	[Clostridium] difficile gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strin: JCM 1296	AB548672	1464	ENA	1121308 tax ID
[Ref.: #627]	Clostridium difficile gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: ATCC 9689	AB075770	1466	ENA	1121308 tax ID
[Ref.: #20218]	Clostridium difficile strain DSM 1296 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HM245939	844	ENA	1121308 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	{16S/23S ribosomal DNA spacer region} [Clostridium difficile, ATCC 9689, Genomic, 271 nt]	S51968	271	ENA	1496 tax ID	*

Genome sequence information:

Only first 5 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Assembly level	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridioides difficile strain FDAARGOS_1525	1496.16102	complete	PATRIC	1496 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296	GCA_000438845	scaffold	GenBank	1121308 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296	GCA_000376285	contig	GenBank	1121308 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296 strain DSM 1296T	1121308.9	plasmid	PATRIC	1121308 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689	1121308.3	wgs	PATRIC	1121308 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Clostridium difficile ATCC 9689	1121308.5	wgs	PATRIC	1121308 tax ID	*

Data predicted using genome information as a basis Genome-based predictions

	Trait	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
	Predictions from Diaspora project based on: Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296 ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296 NCBI: GCA_001077535.1
[Ref.: #69480]	motile	yes	76.754	no
[Ref.: #69480]	flagellated	no	69.29	no
[Ref.: #69480]	gram-positive	yes	91.605	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	anaerobic	yes	98.869	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	aerobic	no	97.716	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	halophile	no	93.877	no
[Ref.: #69480]	spore-forming	yes	94.722	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-util	yes	87.897	no
[Ref.: #69480]	thermophile	no	92.109	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-ferment	yes	58.692	no
[Ref.: #69480]	motile	yes	76.754	no
[Ref.: #69480]	flagellated	no	69.29	no
[Ref.: #69480]	gram-positive	yes	91.605	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	anaerobic	yes	98.869	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	aerobic	no	97.716	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	halophile	no	93.877	no
[Ref.: #69480]	spore-forming	yes	94.722	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-util	yes	87.897	no
[Ref.: #69480]	thermophile	no	92.109	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-ferment	yes	58.692	no

Availability in culture collections External links

[Ref.: #627]

Culture collection no.

DSM 1296, ATCC 9689, NCIB 10666, NCTC 11209, CCUG 4938, USDA 90556-M6S, JCM 1296, BCRC 10642, CECT 531, CIP 104282, LMG 15861, LMG 21717, NCIMB 10666

[Ref.: #72115]

SI-ID 377146

Literature:

Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Pathogenicity	Molecular characterization of Clostridioides difficile by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST): A study from tertiary care center in India.	Chaudhry R, Sharma N, Bahadur T, Khullar S, Agarwal SK, Gahlowt A, Gupta N, Kumar L, Kabra SK, Dey AB	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102545	2022	*
Transcriptome	Transcriptome Analysis of the Clostridioides difficile Response to Different Doses of Bifidobacterium breve.	Yang J, Yang H	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.01863	2020	*
Pathogenicity	The effect of berberine chloride and/or its combination with vancomycin on the growth, biofilm formation, and motility of Clostridioides difficile.	Wultanska D, Piotrowski M, Pituch H	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1007/s10096-020-03857-0	2020	*
Pathogenicity	Antibacterial Activity of Bifidobacterium breve Against Clostridioides difficile.	Yang J, Yang H	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2019.00288	2019	*
Pathogenicity	[A study on clinical application of a novel reagent detecting toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile].	Wang SM, Wang ZY	Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi	10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.48.013	2018	*
Pathogenicity	From ward to washer: The survival of Clostridium difficile spores on hospital bed sheets through a commercial UK NHS healthcare laundry process.	Tarrant J, Jenkins RO, Laird KT	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	10.1017/ice.2018.255	2018	*
Pathogenicity	Co-infection of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile GMU1 and Bacillus cereus GMU2 in one patient in Guizhou, China.	Hong W, Cheng Y, Rao F, Yang J, Cui G, Chen Z, Liao J, Huang X, Zhang J, Wang P, Wang S, Wang Y, Guan Z, Qi X	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.08.004	2018	*
Pathogenicity	Toxin production of Clostridium difficile in sub-MIC of vancomycin and clindamycin alone and in combination with ceftazidime.	Zarandi ER, Mansouri S, Nakhaee N, Sarafzadeh F, Moradi M	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.002	2017	*
Pathogenicity	Impact of standard test protocols on sporicidal efficacy.	Wesgate R, Rauwel G, Criquelion J, Maillard JY	J Hosp Infect	10.1016/j.jhin.2016.03.018	2016	*
Genetics	Complete Genome Sequence of the Clostridium difficile Type Strain DSM 1296T.	Riedel T, Bunk B, Wittmann J, Thurmer A, Sproer C, Gronow S, Liesegang H, Daniel R, Overmann J	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomeA.01186-15	2015	*
Pathogenicity	Monitoring in real time the cytotoxic effect of Clostridium difficile upon the intestinal epithelial cell line HT29.	Valdes L, Gueimonde M, Ruas-Madiedo P	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/j.mimet.2015.09.022	2015	*
Pathogenicity	Effect of airborne hydrogen peroxide on spores of Clostridium difficile.	Steindl G, Fiedler A, Huhulescu S, Wewalka G, Allerberger F	Wien Klin Wochenschr	10.1007/s00508-014-0682-6	2014	*
Pathogenicity	Selective growth-inhibitory effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline towards Clostridium difficile and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum in co-culture analysed by flow cytometry.	Novakova J, Dzunkova M, Musilova S, Vlkova E, Kokoska L, Moya A, D'Auria G	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.080796-0	2014	*
Pathogenicity	Biofilm formation of Clostridium difficile and susceptibility to Manuka honey.	Hammond EN, Donkor ES, Brown CA	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/1472-6882-14-329	2014	*
Pathogenicity	Prevention of Clostridium difficile spore formation by sub-inhibitory concentrations of tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactam.	Garneau JR, Valiquette L, Fortier LC	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/1471-2334-14-29	2014	*
Pathogenicity	Growth-Inhibiting and morphostructural effects of constituents identified in Asarum heterotropoides root on human intestinal bacteria.	Perumalsamy H, Jung MY, Hong SM, Ahn YJ	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/1472-6882-13-245	2013	*
Enzymology	Effect of an oxygen-tolerant bifurcating butyryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase/electron-transferring flavoprotein complex from Clostridium difficile on butyrate production in Escherichia coli.	Aboulnaga el-H, Pinkenburg O, Schiffels J, El-Refai A, Buckel W, Selmer T	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.00321-13	2013	*
Pathogenicity	Using phenotype microarrays to determine culture conditions that induce or repress toxin production by Clostridium difficile and other microorganisms.	Lei XH, Bochner BR	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0056545	2013	*
Pathogenicity	Sensitivity of pathogenic and commensal bacteria from the human colon to essential oils.	Thapa D, Losa R, Zweifel B, Wallace RJ	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.061127-0	2012	*
Metabolism	Identification of a novel virulence factor in Clostridium difficile that modulates toxin sensitivity of cultured epithelial cells.	Miura M, Kato H, Matsushita O	Infect Immun	10.1128/IAI.00051-11	2011	*
Pathogenicity	Experimental evaluation of an automated endoscope reprocessor with in situ generation of peracetic acid for disinfection of semicritical devices.	Sattar SA, Kibbee RJ, Tetro JA, Rook TA	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	10.1086/508830	2006	*
Biotechnology	Exopolysaccharides produced by probiotic strains modify the adhesion of probiotics and enteropathogens to human intestinal mucus.	Ruas-Madiedo P, Gueimonde M, Margolles A, de los Reyes-Gavilan CG, Salminen S	J Food Prot	10.4315/0362-028x-69.8.2011	2006	*
Pathogenicity	Inhibition of Clostridium difficile growth and adhesion to enterocytes by Bifidobacterium supernatants.	Trejo FM, Minnaard J, Perez PF, De Antoni GL	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2006.03.004	2006	*
Pathogenicity	Adhesion of selected Bifidobacterium strains to human intestinal mucus and the role of adhesion in enteropathogen exclusion.	Collado MC, Gueimonde M, Hernandez M, Sanz Y, Salminen S	J Food Prot	10.4315/0362-028x-68.12.2672	2005	*
Pathogenicity	Fusidic acid disk diffusion testing of clostridium difficile can be calibrated using single-strain regression analysis.	Oppenheimer M, Kronvall G, Karlsson I, Holst E	Scand J Infect Dis	10.1080/003655400459540	2000	*
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo evaluation of tiacumicins B and C against Clostridium difficile.	Swanson RN, Hardy DJ, Shipkowitz NL, Hanson CW, Ramer NC, Fernandes PB, Clement JJ	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.35.6.1108	1991	*
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of Clostridium difficile toxin.	Rolfe RD, Finegold SM	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.25.1.191-201.1979	1979	*
	2'FL and LNnT Exert Antipathogenic Effects against C. difficile ATCC 9689 In Vitro, Coinciding with Increased Levels of Bifidobacteriaceae and/or Secondary Bile Acids.	Vigsnaes LK, Ghyselinck J, Van den Abbeele P, McConnell B, Moens F, Marzorati M, Bajic D	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens10080927	2021	*
	Toxin A and B genes expression of Clostridium difficile in the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of clindamycin, vancomycin and in combination with ceftazidime.	Moradi M, Mansouri S, Nakhaee N, Sarafzadeh F, Zarandi ER	Iran J Microbiol		2020	*
	In vitro Study of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1518 in Healthy and Clostridioides difficile Colonized Elderly Gut Microbiota.	Fehlbaum S, Chassard C, Schwab C, Voolaid M, Fourmestraux C, Derrien M, Lacroix C	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2019.00184	2019	*
	Effect of Bifidobacterium breve in Combination With Different Antibiotics on Clostridium difficile.	Yang J, Yang H	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02953	2018	*
	Subboiling Moist Heat Favors the Selection of Enteric Pathogen Clostridium difficile PCR Ribotype 078 Spores in Food.	Rodriguez-Palacios A, Ilic S, LeJeune JT	Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol	10.1155/2016/1462405	2016	*
	Effect of Bifidobacterium upon Clostridium difficile Growth and Toxicity When Co-cultured in Different Prebiotic Substrates.	Valdes-Varela L, Hernandez-Barranco AM, Ruas-Madiedo P, Gueimonde M	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00738	2016	*
	Screening of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli Able to Antagonize the Cytotoxic Effect of Clostridium difficile upon Intestinal Epithelial HT29 Monolayer.	Valdes-Varela L, Alonso-Guervos M, Garcia-Suarez O, Gueimonde M, Ruas-Madiedo P	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00577	2016	*
	The effect of polydextrose and probiotic lactobacilli in a Clostridium difficile-infected human colonic model.	Forssten SD, Roytio H, Hibberd AA, Ouwehand AC	Microb Ecol Health Dis	10.3402/mehd.v26.27988	2015	*
	The Effect of Selected Bee Products on Adhesion and Biofilm of Clostridioides difficile Strains Belonging to Different Ribotypes.	Wultanska D, Paterczyk B, Nowakowska J, Pituch H	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27217385	2022	*

References

#627	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 1296

#20215

Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )

#20218

Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )

#36612 ; Curators of the CIP;
#44808 Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 4938

#66792

Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .

#67770 Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;

#68367

Automatically annotated from API 20A .

#68380

Automatically annotated from API rID32A .

#68382

Automatically annotated from API zym .

#69479

João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .

#69480

Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Predictions based on genome sequence made in the Diaspora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .

#72115

Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.: StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers . ( DOI 10.60712/SI-ID377146.1 )

#118934 Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 104282
* These data were automatically processed and therefore are not curated

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Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296 ATCC 9689 = DSM 1296

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