Cite this strain

"Chthoniobacter flavus" (DSM 22515, Ellin428)

BacDive ID 24814

Type strain

Strain Designation Ellin428

Culture col. no. DSM 22515 Ellin428

NCBI tax ID(s) 191863

Special Collections DSMZ Literature strains

History DSMZ <- M. Sait, Dept. Molecular Biology, Univ. Wyoming, Laramie, USA <- P. H. Janssen; Ellin428

Links

"Chthoniobacter flavus" Ellin428 is an aerobe, heterotroph, Gram-negative bacterium that was isolated from pasture soil.

Gram-negative oval-shaped aerobe heterotroph genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 406023

DSM 22515

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-05-29 08:30:41

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Verrucomicrobiota

Class Terrimicrobiia

Order Terrimicrobiales

Family "Chthoniobacteraceae"

Genus "Chthoniobacter"

Species "Chthoniobacter flavus"

Full scientific name Chthoniobacter flavus Sangwan et al. 2004

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell length	Cell width	Cell shape	Motility
43403	negative	1.4 µm	0.9 µm	oval-shaped

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony size	Colony color	Medium used
43403	4 mm	Yellow	VL55 (liquid media)

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
43403	VL55 (liquid media)		1.95 g of 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid, 0.2 mmol MgSO4, 0.3 mmol CaCl2, 0.2 mmol (NH 4) 2HPO4, 1 ml of selenite-tungstate solution (50), 1 ml of trace element solution SL-10 (55) per liter, and the pH was adjusted to 5.5
43403	full strength and 1/100-strength nutrient agar
43403	full strength and 1/10-strength Trypticase soy agar
43403	Reasoner's 2A agar (R2A)
43403	cold-extracted soil extract agar
43403	Winogradsky's sal solution agar
21325	MEDIUM VL55 (DSMZ Medium 1266)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MEDIUM VL55 (DSMZ Medium 1266) Composition: MES 1.9403 g/l FeCl2 x 4 H2O 0.00149254 g/l NaOH 0.000497512 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.000189055 g/l Pyridoxamine hydrochloride 0.000149254 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 9.95025e-05 g/l Nicotinic acid 9.85075e-05 g/l Thiamine-HCl x 2 H2O 9.85075e-05 g/l ZnCl2 6.96517e-05 g/l Vitamin B12 5.07463e-05 g/l Hemicalcium D-(+)-pantothenate 5.07463e-05 g/l 4-aminobenzoate 3.8806e-05 g/l Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 3.58209e-05 g/l Riboflavin 2.98507e-05 g/l DL-6,8-thioctic acid 2.98507e-05 g/l NiCl2 x 6 H2O 2.38806e-05 g/l Folic acid 1.19403e-05 g/l Biotin 8.95522e-06 g/l H3BO3 5.97015e-06 g/l Na2WO4 x 2 H2O 3.9801e-06 g/l Na2SeO3 x 5 H2O 2.98507e-06 g/l CuCl2 x 2 H2O 1.99005e-06 g/l HCl (NH4)2HPO4 CaCl2 x 2 H2O MgSO4 x 7 H2O Glucose Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
21325	positive	growth	25
43403	negative	growth	37
43403	positive	growth	34
43403	positive	growth	30
43403	positive	growth	25

Culture pH

@ref	Ability	Type	PH	PH range
43403	positive	growth	4-7	acidophile
43403		growth	7.5

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

43403

Oxygen toleranceaerobe

Nutrition type

43403

Typeheterotroph

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		91.491

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
43403	NaCl	positive	growth	5 g/L
43403	NaCl		growth	10 g/L

Observation

43403

Observationdoes not appear able to grow with amino acids or organic acids other than pyruvate

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
43403	30089 ChEBI	acetate	-	growth
43403	30089 ChEBI	acetate	-	carbon source
43403	30089 ChEBI	acetate	-	energy source
43403	16449 ChEBI	alanine	-	growth
43403	16449 ChEBI	alanine	-	carbon source
43403	16449 ChEBI	alanine	-	energy source
43403	58187 ChEBI	alginate	+	aerobic growth
43403	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	-	growth
43403	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	-	carbon source
43403	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	-	energy source
43403	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	growth
43403	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	carbon source
43403	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	energy source
43403	35391 ChEBI	aspartate	-	growth
43403	35391 ChEBI	aspartate	-	carbon source
43403	35391 ChEBI	aspartate	-	energy source
43403	16150 ChEBI	benzoate	-	growth
43403	16150 ChEBI	benzoate	-	carbon source
43403	16150 ChEBI	benzoate	-	energy source
43403	17750 ChEBI	betaine	-	growth
43403	17750 ChEBI	betaine	-	carbon source
43403	17750 ChEBI	betaine	-	energy source
43403	28885 ChEBI	butanol	-	growth
43403	28885 ChEBI	butanol	-	carbon source
43403	28885 ChEBI	butanol	-	energy source
43403	17968 ChEBI	butyrate	-	growth
43403	17968 ChEBI	butyrate	-	carbon source
43403	17968 ChEBI	butyrate	-	energy source
43403	18135 ChEBI	catechol	-	growth
43403	18135 ChEBI	catechol	-	carbon source
43403	18135 ChEBI	catechol	-	energy source
43403	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	+	aerobic growth
43403	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	+	aerobic growth
43403	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	growth
43403	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	carbon source
43403	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	energy source
43403	16236 ChEBI	ethanol	-	growth
43403	16236 ChEBI	ethanol	-	carbon source
43403	16236 ChEBI	ethanol	-	energy source
43403	15740 ChEBI	formate	-	growth
43403	15740 ChEBI	formate	-	carbon source
43403	15740 ChEBI	formate	-	energy source
43403	28757 ChEBI	fructose	+	aerobic growth
43403	29806 ChEBI	fumarate	-	growth
43403	29806 ChEBI	fumarate	-	carbon source
43403	29806 ChEBI	fumarate	-	energy source
43403	28260 ChEBI	galactose	+	aerobic growth
43403	24175 ChEBI	galacturonate	+	aerobic growth
43403	17234 ChEBI	glucose	-	anaerobic growth
43403	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+	aerobic growth
43403	24297 ChEBI	glucuronate	+	aerobic growth
43403	29987 ChEBI	glutamate	-	growth
43403	29987 ChEBI	glutamate	-	carbon source
43403	29987 ChEBI	glutamate	-	energy source
43403	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	growth
43403	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	carbon source
43403	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	energy source
43403	15428 ChEBI	glycine	-	growth
43403	15428 ChEBI	glycine	-	carbon source
43403	15428 ChEBI	glycine	-	energy source
43403	29805 ChEBI	glycolate	-	growth
43403	29805 ChEBI	glycolate	-	carbon source
43403	29805 ChEBI	glycolate	-	energy source
43403	24996 ChEBI	lactate	-	growth
43403	24996 ChEBI	lactate	-	carbon source
43403	24996 ChEBI	lactate	-	energy source
43403	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	aerobic growth
43403	25017 ChEBI	leucine	-	growth
43403	25017 ChEBI	leucine	-	carbon source
43403	25017 ChEBI	leucine	-	energy source
43403	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	growth
43403	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	carbon source
43403	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	energy source
43403	25115 ChEBI	malate	-	growth
43403	25115 ChEBI	malate	-	carbon source
43403	25115 ChEBI	malate	-	energy source
43403	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	growth
43403	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	carbon source
43403	15792 ChEBI	malonate	-	energy source
43403	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-	growth
43403	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-	carbon source
43403	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-	energy source
43403	37684 ChEBI	mannose	+	aerobic growth
43403	17790 ChEBI	methanol	-	growth
43403	17790 ChEBI	methanol	-	carbon source
43403	17790 ChEBI	methanol	-	energy source
43403	17309 ChEBI	pectin	+	aerobic growth
43403	28831 ChEBI	propanol	-	growth
43403	28831 ChEBI	propanol	-	carbon source
43403	28831 ChEBI	propanol	-	energy source
43403	17272 ChEBI	propionate	-	growth
43403	17272 ChEBI	propionate	-	carbon source
43403	17272 ChEBI	propionate	-	energy source
43403	15361 ChEBI	pyruvate	+	aerobic growth
43403	33942 ChEBI	ribose	-	growth
43403	33942 ChEBI	ribose	-	carbon source
43403	33942 ChEBI	ribose	-	energy source
43403	17822 ChEBI	serine	-	growth
43403	17822 ChEBI	serine	-	carbon source
43403	17822 ChEBI	serine	-	energy source
43403	28017 ChEBI	starch	+	aerobic growth
43403	30031 ChEBI	succinate	-	growth
43403	30031 ChEBI	succinate	-	carbon source
43403	30031 ChEBI	succinate	-	energy source
43403	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	aerobic growth
43403	30929 ChEBI	tartrate	-	growth
43403	30929 ChEBI	tartrate	-	carbon source
43403	30929 ChEBI	tartrate	-	energy source
43403	26986 ChEBI	threonine	-	growth
43403	26986 ChEBI	threonine	-	carbon source
43403	26986 ChEBI	threonine	-	energy source
43403	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	growth
43403	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	carbon source
43403	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	energy source
43403	27266 ChEBI	valine	-	growth
43403	27266 ChEBI	valine	-	carbon source
43403	27266 ChEBI	valine	-	energy source
43403	16632 ChEBI	vanillate	-	growth
43403	16632 ChEBI	vanillate	-	carbon source
43403	16632 ChEBI	vanillate	-	energy source
43403	37166 ChEBI	xylan	+	aerobic growth
43403	18222 ChEBI	xylose	+	aerobic growth

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
43403	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
43403	cytochrome oxidase	-	1.9.3.1

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Grassland
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Soil
#Host	#Plants	#Herbaceous plants (Grass,Crops)

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent	Latitude	Longitude
21325	pasture soil	Victoria, Ellinbank	Australia	AUS	Australia and Oceania
43403	a rye grass and clover pasture soil	Victoria	Australia	AUS	Australia and Oceania	-37	144.984 -37/144.984

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AY388649 (>99% sequence identity) for Chthoniobacter flavus subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	77
Soil Samples	845
Animal Samples	10
Plant Samples	77
Total Samples	1009

Interaction and safety

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM434191v1 assembly for Chthoniobacter flavus DSM 22515	scaffold	GCA_004341915	191863.3	2795385450	191863	60.56
66792	ASM17307v1 assembly for Chthoniobacter flavus Ellin428	scaffold	GCA_000173075	497964.5	642791618	497964	57.99

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
21325	Bacterium Ellin428 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY388649	1360		497964

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
43403	60.7	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: ASM434191v1 assembly for Chthoniobacter flavus DSM 22515
BV-BRC: 191863.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	84.25	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	42.10	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	74.44	no
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	91.49	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Chthoniobacter flavus DSM 22515
NCBI: GCA_004341915.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	89.50	yes
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	87.60	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	82.24	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	80.77	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.18	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	71.72	yes

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Genome sequence of Chthoniobacter flavus Ellin428, an aerobic heterotrophic soil bacterium.	Kant R, van Passel MW, Palva A, Lucas S, Lapidus A, Glavina del Rio T, Dalin E, Tice H, Bruce D, Goodwin L, Pitluck S, Larimer FW, Land ML, Hauser L, Sangwan P, de Vos WM, Janssen PH, Smidt H	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.00295-11	2011
Phylogeny	Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the first pure-culture representative of subdivision two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the phylum Verrucomicrobia.	Sangwan P, Chen X, Hugenholtz P, Janssen PH	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.70.10.5875-5881.2004	2004

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#21325	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 22515
#43403	Parveen Sangwan, Xiaolei Chen, Philip Hugenholtz, Peter H. Janssen: Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 5875 - 5881 2004 ( DOI 10.1128/AEM.70.10.5875-5881.2004 , PubMed 15466527 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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"Chthoniobacter flavus" (DSM 22515, Ellin428)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Culture pH

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Nutrition type

Spore formation

Halophily

Observation

Metabolite utilization

Enzymes

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_004341915

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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