Arcobacter butzleri (DSM 8739, ATCC 49616, CDC D2686)

Name: Arcobacter butzleri (DSM 8739, ATCC 49616, CDC D2686)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 2094

Type strain

Strain Designation D2686

Culture col. no. DSM 8739 ATCC 49616 CDC D2686 LMG 10828 WDCM 00065 7 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 28197

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM CIP Literature strains

History <- ATCC; ATCC 49616 <- CDC, Atlanta; CDC D2686 <- State of California Microbial Diseases Lab.; USA; <- Los Angeles County Public Health Labs; USA; CECT 8221 <-- DSM 8739 <-- ATCC 49616 <-- J. A. Kiehlbauch; CDC, USA; D2686 <-- State of California Dis. Lab., USA <-- Los Angeles County Public Health Labs., USA. CIP <- 1992, LMG, Campylobacter butzleri <- P. Vandamme, Lab. Microbiol. Univ., Gent, Belgium <- J. Kiehlbauch, CDC: strain D2686

Links

Arcobacter butzleri D2686 is a microaerophile, Gram-negative, motile human pathogen that was isolated from human diarrheal stool.

Gram-negative motile rod-shaped microaerophile human pathogen genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 917

LMG 10828,ATCC 49616,CIP 103537,DSM 8739,CCUG 30485,NCTC 12481,CIP 103493,CECT 8221

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:18:14

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Epsilonproteobacteria

Order Campylobacterales

Family Arcobacteraceae

Genus Arcobacter

Species Arcobacter butzleri

Full scientific name Arcobacter butzleri (Kiehlbauch et al. 1991) Vandamme et al. 1992

Synonyms (3)

Campylobacter butzleri
"Aliarcobacter butzleri"
Aliarcobacter butzleri

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Arcobacter butzleri** (23)	Type strain
2093	A. butzleri DSM 7301, CCUG 10373, LMG 6620, WRI 996/79
139098	A. butzleri LRA 077 02 87, CIP 103727, ATCC 49942
143217	A. butzleri CCUG 17812, LMG 9869
144690	A. butzleri CCUG 26232, LMG 10148
145387	A. butzleri CCUG 28340, LMG 9906
145388	A. butzleri CCUG 28341, LMG 9910
145389	A. butzleri CCUG 28343, LMG 10223
145390	A. butzleri CCUG 28344, LMG 10240
146162	A. butzleri CCUG 30486, LMG 11118
146164	A. butzleri CCUG 30488
146961	A. butzleri CCUG 32549
147861	A. butzleri CCUG 34397 B
147960	A. butzleri CCUG 34581
148563	A. butzleri CCUG 35640
150525	A. butzleri CCUG 41492
150526	A. butzleri CCUG 41493
151007	A. butzleri CCUG 43027
151748	A. butzleri CCUG 44784
153919	A. butzleri CCUG 51647
156289	A. butzleri CCUG 61064
157920	A. butzleri FLI:17-1168, DSM 107942
174859	A. butzleri P1100, DSM 105472
174860	A. butzleri P1200, DSM 105473

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell length	Cell width	Cell shape	Confidence
23369	negative	1.0-3.0 µm	0.2-0.4 µm	rod-shaped
117081	negative			rod-shaped
125439	negative				99.4
125438	negative				97.644

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony size	Colony color	Colony shape	Incubation period	Medium used
3369				1-2 days
23369	2-4 mm	whitish	circular	3 days	blood agar plates

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
3369	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
23369	blood agar plates
38127	MEDIUM 6 - Columbia agar with 10 % horse blood		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Columbia agar (39.000 g);Horseblood (100.000 ml)
117081	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP
117081	CIP Medium 6	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
3369	positive	growth	37
23369	positive	growth	37-42
38127	positive	growth	37
50109	positive	growth	30-37
67770	positive	growth	37
117081	positive	growth	10-30
117081	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance
3369	microaerophile
50109	microaerophile

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		96.9
125438		93.381

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
23369	NaCl	positive	growth	1.5 %
23369	NaCl	positive	growth	3.5 %

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68377	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	-	builds acid from	from API NH
23369	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	hydrolysis
23369	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	oxidation
68373	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	assimilation	from API CAM
68377	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	builds acid from	from API NH
23369	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
68373	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis	from API CAM
68373	25115 ChEBI	malate	-	assimilation	from API CAM
68377	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	builds acid from	from API NH
23369	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
68373	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction	from API CAM
68377	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	+	degradation	from API NH
68377	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API NH
68373	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API CAM

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	ChEBI	Metabolite	Sensitivity conc.
117081		0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)
23369	3542	cephalothin
68373	48923	erythromycin	14 µg	from API CAM
23369	100147	nalidixic acid

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68373	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API CAM
68377	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API NH
117081	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test
68377	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API NH

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68377	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API NH
68373	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API CAM
68377	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API NH
68377	beta-lactamase	-	3.5.2.6	from API NH
3369	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
23369	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
117081	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
3369	cytochrome-c oxidase	+	1.9.3.1
68373	esterase	+		from API CAM
68373	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2	from API CAM
117081	gelatinase	-
68373	L-arginine arylamidase	-		from API CAM
68373	L-aspartate arylamidase	-	3.4.11.21	from API CAM
68377	lipase	-		from API NH
68377	ornithine decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.17	from API NH
117081	oxidase	+
68373	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API CAM
68377	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API NH
117081	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68373	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API CAM

API CAM

@ref	URE	Reduction of nitrateNIT	EsteraseEST	HIP	GGT	TTC	PYRA	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	L-aspartic acid arylamidaseAspA	PAL	H2S productionH2S	GLU	SUT	NAL	CFZ	ACE	PROP	MLT	CIT	Erythromycin resistance (+) sensitivity (-)ERO	CAT
3369	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+/-	+	+/-	+	-	+	-	+
3369	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	+
3369	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	+
3369	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+
3369	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+/-	+	+	-	-	-	+/-
3369	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+/-	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	+
3369	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+/-	+	+	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.

API NH

@ref	PEN	GLU	FRU	MAL	SAC	ODC	URE	LIP	PAL	beta GAL	ProA	GGT	IND
3369	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.
3369	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
117081	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Human	-
#Host Body Product	#Gastrointestinal tract	#Feces (Stool)

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
3369	human diarrheal stool		USA	USA	North America
50109	Human feces,diarrhoea		USA	USA	North America
67770	Stool of a male patient with diarrheal illness	CA	USA	USA	North America
117081	Human, Feces		United States of America	USA	North America

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence JX912503 (>99% sequence identity) for Aliarcobacter butzleri from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	9551
Soil Samples	907
Animal Samples	5473
Plant Samples	401
Total Samples	16332

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Pathogenicity animal	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
3369			2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
117081			2	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM1402v1 assembly for Aliarcobacter butzleri RM4018	complete	GCA_000014025	367737.6	640753004	367737	98.03
66792	51699_F01 assembly for Aliarcobacter butzleri NCTC 12481	complete	GCA_900187115	28197.59	2799112925	28197	98.02
66792	ASM1464821v1 assembly for Aliarcobacter butzleri JCM 31724	contig	GCA_014648215	28197.218		28197	74.46
66792	ASM2458414v1 assembly for Aliarcobacter butzleri LMG 10828	contig	GCA_024584145	28197.313		28197	73.78

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Aliarcobacter butzleri strain ATCC 49616 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JX912503	1439		28197
3369	Arcobacter butzleri strain ATCC 49616 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AY621116	1440		28197

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
23369	27.0-30.0	Thermal denaturation, fluorometry

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Aliarcobacter butzleri NCTC 12481
NCBI: GCA_900187115

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	96.90	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	62.10	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	99.40	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	83.70	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Aliarcobacter butzleri NCTC 12481
NCBI: GCA_900187115.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	97.64	yes
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	62.45	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	72.71	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	93.38	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	89.02	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	73.69	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Widespread Multidrug Resistance of Arcobacter butzleri Isolated from Clinical and Food Sources in Central Italy.	Gabucci C, Baldelli G, Amagliani G, Schiavano GF, Savelli D, Russo I, Di Lullo S, Blasi G, Napoleoni M, Leoni F, Primavilla S, Massacci FR, Garofolo G, Petruzzelli A.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics12081292	2023
Phenotype	Niche-specific metabolic phenotypes can be used to identify antimicrobial targets in pathogens.	Glass EM, Dillard LR, Kolling GL, Warren AS, Papin JA.	PLoS Biol	10.1371/journal.pbio.3002907	2024
	Enrichment Free qPCR for Rapid Identification and Quantification of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis in Chicken Meat Samples by a New Couple of Primers.	Vizzini P, Vidic J, Manzano M.	Foods	10.3390/foods10102341	2021
Pathogenicity	Aliarcobacter butzleri from Water Poultry: Insights into Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence and Heavy Metal Resistance.	Muller E, Abdel-Glil MY, Hotzel H, Hanel I, Tomaso H.	Genes (Basel)	10.3390/genes11091104	2020
Enzymology	Arcobacter in Lake Erie beach waters: an emerging gastrointestinal pathogen linked with human-associated fecal contamination.	Lee C, Agidi S, Marion JW, Lee J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.08009-11	2012
Genetics	Antimicrobial Resistance and in silico Virulence Profiling of Aliarcobacter butzleri Strains From German Water Poultry.	Muller E, Hotzel H, Linde J, Hanel I, Tomaso H.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.617685	2020
Metabolism	Physiological and genomic characterization of Arcobacter anaerophilus IR-1 reveals new metabolic features in Epsilonproteobacteria.	Roalkvam I, Dronen K, Stokke R, Daae FL, Dahle H, Steen IH.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2015.00987	2015
	Molecular and Genetic Characterization of Arcobacter Species Isolated from Chicken Feces and Chicken Giblets from Grenada, West Indies.	Coughlin JP, Alhassan A, Chikweto A, Roopnarine R, Sharma B.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms13071495	2025
	The evaluation of antibiotic resistance genes of Arcobacter butzleri isolated from animal products, and chicken slaughterhouse sewage in Mazandaran province, Northern Iran.	Pourabbasgholi Z, Kaboosi H, Ghane M, Khoshbakht R, Ghiamirad M.	Iran J Vet Res	10.22099/ijvr.2024.48879.7150	2024
	Arcobacter species isolated from human stool samples, animal products, ready-to-eat salad mixes, and ambient water: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence gene profiles.	Niyayesh H, Rahimi E, Shakerian A, Khamesipour F.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-024-10256-9	2024
	Arcobacter butzleri Biofilms: Insights into the Genes Beneath Their Formation.	Salazar-Sanchez A, Baztarrika I, Alonso R, Fernandez-Astorga A, Martinez-Ballesteros I, Martinez-Malaxetxebarria I.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10071280	2022
Phylogeny	Characterization of Arcobacter spp. Isolated from human diarrheal, non-diarrheal and food samples in Thailand.	Kietsiri P, Muangnapoh C, Lurchachaiwong W, Lertsethtakarn P, Bodhidatta L, Suthienkul O, Waters NC, Demons ST, Vesely BA.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0246598	2021
	Pathogenicity assessment of Arcobacter butzleri isolated from Canadian agricultural surface water.	Khan IUH, Chen W, Cloutier M, Lapen DR, Craiovan E, Wilkes G.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-023-03119-x	2024
	Draft Genome Assemblies of Two Campylobacter novaezeelandiae and Four Unclassified Thermophilic Campylobacter Isolates from Canadian Agricultural Surface Water.	Ivanova M, Oh B, Khan IUH, Nightingale K, Bugarel M, Brown AMV, Loneragan GH.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00249-21	2021
	Virulence gene profiles of Arcobacter species isolated from animals, foods of animal origin, and humans in Andhra Pradesh, India.	Sekhar MS, Tumati SR, Chinnam BK, Kothapalli VS, Sharif NM.	Vet World	10.14202/vetworld.2017.716-720	2017
	Occurrence and characterization of Arcobacter spp. from ready-to-eat vegetables produced in Southern Italy.	Mottola A, Ciccarese G, Sinisi C, Savarino AE, Marchetti P, Terio V, Tantillo G, Barrasso R, Di Pinto A.	Ital J Food Saf	10.4081/ijfs.2021.8585	2021
	The transcriptional response of Arcobacter butzleri to cold shock.	Zhang X, Su Y, Alter T, Golz G.	FEBS Open Bio	10.1002/2211-5463.12959	2020
Enzymology	Urbanization Impacts the Physicochemical Characteristics and Abundance of Fecal Markers and Bacterial Pathogens in Surface Water.	Yuan T, Vadde KK, Tonkin JD, Wang J, Lu J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, McCarthy AJ, Sekar R.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph16101739	2019
Biotechnology	Comparison of conventional PCR, multiplex PCR, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for rapid detection of Arcobacter species.	Wang X, Seo DJ, Lee MH, Choi C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02883-13	2014
Genetics	Genomic Characterization of Arcobacter butzleri Isolated From Shellfish: Novel Insight Into Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Determinants.	Fanelli F, Di Pinto A, Mottola A, Mule G, Chieffi D, Baruzzi F, Tantillo G, Fusco V.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.00670	2019
	Development and Evaluation of Fluorescence Immunochromatography for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Thermophilic Campylobacter.	Asakura H, Sakata J, Sasaki Y, Kawatsu K.	Food Saf (Tokyo)	10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.d-21-00006	2021
	Detection of Arcobacter spp. in Mytilus galloprovincialis Samples Collected from Apulia Region.	Bonerba E, Mottola A, Parisi A, Di Pinto A, Serraino A, Bozzo G, Giacometti F, Ceci E, Tantillo G.	Ital J Food Saf	10.4081/ijfs.2015.4583	2015
	Genetic Diversity of Arcobacter Species of Animal and Human Origin in Andhra Pradesh, India.	Soma Sekhar M, Srinivasa Rao T, Chinnam BK, Subramanyam KV, Metta M, Mohammad Sharif N.	Indian J Microbiol	10.1007/s12088-017-0649-1	2017
Enzymology	Comparative Detection and Quantification of Arcobacter butzleri in Stools from Diarrheic and Nondiarrheic People in Southwestern Alberta, Canada.	Webb AL, Boras VF, Kruczkiewicz P, Selinger LB, Taboada EN, Inglis GD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.03202-15	2016
Enzymology	Detection of Campylobacter species and Arcobacter butzleri in stool samples by use of real-time multiplex PCR.	de Boer RF, Ott A, Guren P, van Zanten E, van Belkum A, Kooistra-Smid AM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01716-12	2013
	Exploring the diversity of Arcobacter butzleri from cattle in the UK using MLST and whole genome sequencing.	Merga JY, Williams NJ, Miller WG, Leatherbarrow AJ, Bennett M, Hall N, Ashelford KE, Winstanley C.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0055240	2013
Phylogeny	Identification of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, arcobacter butzleri, and A. butzleri-like species based on the glyA gene.	Al Rashid ST, Dakuna I, Louie H, Ng D, Vandamme P, Johnson W, Chan VL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.4.1488-1494.2000	2000
Enzymology	Real-time quantitative PCR assay development and application for assessment of agricultural surface water and various fecal matter for prevalence of Aliarcobacter faecis and Aliarcobacter lanthieri.	Miltenburg MG, Cloutier M, Craiovan E, Lapen DR, Wilkes G, Topp E, Khan IUH.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-020-01826-3	2020
Phylogeny	Identification of thermotolerant campylobacter species by fluorescence in situ hybridization.	Poppert S, Haas M, Yildiz T, Alter T, Bartel E, Fricke U, Essig A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01512-07	2008
	Natural and experimental infections of Arcobacter in poultry.	Wesley IV, Baetz AL.	Poult Sci	10.1093/ps/78.4.536	1999
Enzymology	Detection of Arcobacter spp. in the coastal environment of the Mediterranean Sea.	Fera MT, Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Beninati C, Giannone M, La Camera E, Carbone M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.3.1271-1276.2004	2004
	Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction.	Amigo CR, Sena de Gobbi DD, Gomes VT, Perina Ddo P, Nogueira de Lima Filsner PH, Costa BL, Spindola MG, Ferreira TS, Brandao PE, Moreno AM.	ScientificWorldJournal	10.1100/2012/572732	2012
Phylogeny	Rapid identification of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter isolates by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.	Marshall SM, Melito PL, Woodward DL, Johnson WM, Rodgers FG, Mulvey MR.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.12.4158-4160.1999	1999
	Monoclonal antibodies specific for hippurate hydrolase of Campylobacter jejuni.	Steele M, Gyles C, Chan VL, Odumeru J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.3.1080-1082.2002	2002
Phylogeny	Colony multiplex PCR assay for identification and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. fetus subsp. fetus.	Wang G, Clark CG, Taylor TM, Pucknell C, Barton C, Price L, Woodward DL, Rodgers FG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.12.4744-4747.2002	2002
Enzymology	Detection and genotyping of Arcobacter and Campylobacter isolates from retail chicken samples by use of DNA oligonucleotide arrays.	Quinones B, Parker CT, Janda JM, Miller WG, Mandrell RE.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02984-06	2007
	Arcobacter-specific and Arcobacter butzleri-specific 16S rRNA-based DNA probes.	Wesley IV, Schroeder-Tucker L, Baetz AL, Dewhirst FE, Paster BJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.7.1691-1698.1995	1995
Enzymology	Use of PCR for direct detection of Campylobacter species in bovine feces.	Inglis GD, Kalischuk LD.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.6.3435-3447.2003	2003
	Characterisation of Aerotolerant Forms of a Robust Chicken Colonizing Campylobacter coli.	O'Kane PM, Connerton IF.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00513	2017
Phylogeny	Rapid detection of the Chlamydiaceae and other families in the order Chlamydiales: three PCR tests.	Everett KD, Hornung LJ, Andersen AA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.3.575-580.1999	1999
Enzymology	Direct polymerase chain reaction detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in raw milk and dairy products.	Wegmuller B, Luthy J, Candrian U.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.7.2161-2165.1993	1993
	Identification of Campylobacter jejuni on the basis of a species-specific gene that encodes a membrane protein.	Stucki U, Frey J, Nicolet J, Burnens AP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.4.855-859.1995	1995
	Identification and characterization of an immunogenic outer membrane protein of Campylobacter jejuni.	Burnens A, Stucki U, Nicolet J, Frey J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.11.2826-2832.1995	1995
Enzymology	Microarray-based identification of thermophilic Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis.	Volokhov D, Chizhikov V, Chumakov K, Rasooly A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.9.4071-4080.2003	2003
Enzymology	Rapid detection of Campylobacter coli, C. jejuni, and Salmonella enterica on poultry carcasses by using PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	Hong Y, Berrang ME, Liu T, Hofacre CL, Sanchez S, Wang L, Maurer JJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.6.3492-3499.2003	2003
	Characterization of cytolethal distending toxin of campylobacter species isolated from captive macaque monkeys.	Dassanayake RP, Zhou Y, Hinkley S, Stryker CJ, Plauche G, Borda JT, Sestak K, Duhamel GE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.2.641-649.2005	2005
Phylogeny	Differentiation of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex PCR developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid A gene lpxA.	Klena JD, Parker CT, Knibb K, Ibbitt JC, Devane PM, Horn ST, Miller WG, Konkel ME.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.12.5549-5557.2004	2004
Phylogeny	Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Helicobacter cinaedi and Helicobacter fennelliae strains isolated from humans and animals.	Kiehlbauch JA, Brenner DJ, Cameron DN, Steigerwalt AG, Makowski JM, Baker CN, Patton CM, Wachsmuth IK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.11.2940-2947.1995	1995
	Improved culture enrichment broth for isolation of Arcobacter-like species from the marine environment.	Rahman FU, Andree KB, Salas-Masso N, Fernandez-Tejedor M, Sanjuan A, Figueras MJ, Furones MD.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-71442-8	2020
Phylogeny	Genetic diversity of Arcobacter isolated from bivalves of Adriatic and their interactions with Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes.	Ottaviani D, Mosca F, Chierichetti S, Tiscar PG, Leoni F.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.400	2017
Pathogenicity	Multilocus sequence typing and biocide tolerance of Arcobacter butzleri from Danish broiler carcasses.	Rasmussen LH, Kjeldgaard J, Christensen JP, Ingmer H.	BMC Res Notes	10.1186/1756-0500-6-322	2013
	Resveratrol-Potential Antibacterial Agent against Foodborne Pathogens.	Ma DSL, Tan LT, Chan KG, Yap WH, Pusparajah P, Chuah LH, Ming LC, Khan TM, Lee LH, Goh BH.	Front Pharmacol	10.3389/fphar.2018.00102	2018
Enzymology	Evaluation of a group-specific 16S ribosomal DNA-based PCR for detection of Helicobacter bizzozeronii, Helicobacter felis, and Helicobacter salomonis in fresh and paraffin-embedded gastric biopsy specimens.	De Groote D, Haesebrouck F, van Doorn LJ, Vandamme P, Ducatelle R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.3.1197-1199.2001	2001
	Outbreak of recurrent abdominal cramps associated with Arcobacter butzleri in an Italian school.	Vandamme P, Pugina P, Benzi G, Van Etterijck R, Vlaes L, Kersters K, Butzler JP, Lior H, Lauwers S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.30.9.2335-2337.1992	1992
	Review on plant antimicrobials: a mechanistic viewpoint.	Khameneh B, Iranshahy M, Soheili V, Fazly Bazzaz BS.	Antimicrob Resist Infect Control	10.1186/s13756-019-0559-6	2019
Enzymology	Direct quantification of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter lanienae in feces of cattle by real-time quantitative PCR.	Inglis GD, Kalischuk LD.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.4.2296-2306.2004	2004
Genetics	Virulence genotype and phenotype of two clinical isolates of Arcobacter butzleri obtained from patients with different pathologies.	Baztarrika I, Salazar-Sanchez A, Hernaez Crespo S, Lopez Mirones JI, Canut A, Alonso R, Martinez-Ballesteros I, Martinez-Malaxetxebarria I.	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-023-03709-3	2023
Pathogenicity	Toll-Like Receptor-4 is Essential for Arcobacter Butzleri-Induced Colonic and Systemic Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic IL-10(-/-) Mice.	Golz G, Karadas G, Fischer A, Gobel UB, Alter T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM.	Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)	10.1556/1886.2015.00043	2015
Pathogenicity	Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Campylobacter Using a Microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip Device.	Ma L, Petersen M, Lu X.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00096-20	2020
Pathogenicity	Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Arcobacter species in human stool samples derived from out- and inpatients: the prospective German Arcobacter prevalence study Arcopath.	Bruckner V, Fiebiger U, Ignatius R, Friesen J, Eisenblatter M, Hock M, Alter T, Bereswill S, Golz G, Heimesaat MM.	Gut Pathog	10.1186/s13099-020-00360-x	2020
	An Integrated Paper Microfluidic Device Based on Isothermal Amplification for Simple Sample-to-Answer Detection of Campylobacter jejuni.	Chen Y, Hu Y, Lu X.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00695-23	2023
Biotechnology	Toward an international standard for PCR-based detection of food-borne thermotolerant Campylobacters: validation in a multicenter collaborative trial.	Lubeck PS, Cook N, Wagner M, Fach P, Hoorfar J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.9.5670-5672.2003	2003
Enzymology	Detection of Campylobacter spp. in chicken fecal samples by real-time PCR.	Lund M, Nordentoft S, Pedersen K, Madsen M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.11.5125-5132.2004	2004
Enzymology	Comparative, collaborative, and on-site validation of a TaqMan PCR method as a tool for certified production of fresh, campylobacter-free chickens.	Krause M, Josefsen MH, Lund M, Jacobsen NR, Brorsen L, Moos M, Stockmarr A, Hoorfar J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00291-06	2006
Phylogeny	Rapid identification and quantification of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni by real-time PCR in pure cultures and in complex samples.	Leblanc-Maridor M, Beaudeau F, Seegers H, Denis M, Belloc C.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-11-113	2011
	Evaluation of agar dilution as an alternative method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and tentative ECOFF determination for Arcobacter butzleri.	Yusof MHZ, Jarong N, Luangtongkum T.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-025-16223-x	2025
	Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Arcobacter spp. Recovered from Aquatic Environments.	Sciortino S, Arculeo P, Alio V, Cardamone C, Nicastro L, Arculeo M, Alduina R, Costa A.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10030288	2021
Pathogenicity	Microbiological and Toxicological Investigations on Bivalve Molluscs Farmed in Sicily.	Castello A, Alio V, Cammilleri G, Sciortino S, Macaluso A, Ferrantelli V, Dall'Ara S, Pino F, Servadei I, Oliveri G, Costa A.	Foods	10.3390/foods13040552	2024
	Global transcriptome analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NT06 response to potassium chloride, sodium lactate, sodium citrate, and microaerophilic conditions in a fish ecosystem.	Tomas N, Myszka K, Wolko L, Juzwa W.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1093/femsle/fnae043	2024
	Molecular Cut-off Values for Aliarcobacter butzleri Susceptibility Testing.	Jehanne Q, Benejat L, Ducournau A, Bessede E, Lehours P.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01003-22	2022
	The effect of sodium citrate, sodium lactate and nisin on the survival of Arcobacter butzleri NCTC 12481 on chicken	Long C, Phillips CA.	Food Microbiol	10.1016/s0740-0020(02)00176-4	2003
Enzymology	Specific detection of Arcobacter and Campylobacter strains in water and sewage by PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization.	Moreno Y, Botella S, Alonso JL, Ferrus MA, Hernandez M, Hernandez J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.2.1181-1186.2003	2003
Biotechnology	A real-time PCR assay for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni in foods after enrichment culture.	Sails AD, Fox AJ, Bolton FJ, Wareing DR, Greenway DL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.3.1383-1390.2003	2003
	Comparative in silico analysis of ftsZ gene from different bacteria reveals the preference for core set of codons in coding sequence structuring and secondary structural elements determination.	Pal A, Saha BK, Saha J.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0219231	2019
	Adherence to and invasion of human intestinal cells by Arcobacter species and their virulence genotypes.	Levican A, Alkeskas A, Gunter C, Forsythe SJ, Figueras MJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01073-13	2013
	Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella spp. and Quantification of Campylobacter spp. in a Real-Time Duplex PCR: Myth or Reality?	Anis N, Bonifait L, Quesne S, Bauge L, Chemaly M, Guyard-Nicodeme M.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens12020338	2023
Phylogeny	Development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer PCR to detect arcobacter species.	Abdelbaqi K, Buissonniere A, Prouzet-Mauleon V, Gresser J, Wesley I, Megraud F, Menard A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00256-07	2007
Genetics	Characterization of the emerging zoonotic pathogen Arcobacter thereius by whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics.	Rovetto F, Carlier A, Van den Abeele AM, Illeghems K, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Cocolin L, Houf K	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0180493	2017
Metabolism	The Immunopathogenic Potential of Arcobacter butzleri - Lessons from a Meta-Analysis of Murine Infection Studies.	Golz G, Alter T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0159685	2016
	Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Intestinal Gene Expression During Arcobacter Butzleri Infection of Gnotobiotic Il-10 Deficient Mice.	Golz G, Alter T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM	Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)	10.1556/1886.2016.00006	2016
Pathogenicity	Intestinal Expression of Genes Encoding Inflammatory Mediators and Gelatinases During Arcobacter Butzleri Infection of Gnotobiotic Il-10 Deficient Mice.	Heimesaat MM, Alter T, Bereswill S, Golz G	Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)	10.1556/1886.2016.00005	2016
	Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Small Intestinal Immune Responses Following Murine Arcobacter Butzleri Infection.	Heimesaat MM, Karadas G, Fischer A, Gobel UB, Alter T, Bereswill S, Golz G	Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)	10.1556/1886.2015.00042	2015
	Survey of small intestinal and systemic immune responses following murine Arcobacter butzleri infection.	Heimesaat MM, Karadas G, Alutis M, Fischer A, Kuhl AA, Breithaupt A, Gobel UB, Alter T, Bereswill S, Golz G	Gut Pathog	10.1186/s13099-015-0075-z	2015
Metabolism	Arcobacter butzleri Induce Colonic, Extra-Intestinal and Systemic Inflammatory Responses in Gnotobiotic IL-10 Deficient Mice in a Strain-Dependent Manner.	Golz G, Karadas G, Alutis ME, Fischer A, Kuhl AA, Breithaupt A, Gobel UB, Alter T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0139402	2015
	Bioaccumulation experiments in mussels contaminated with the food-borne pathogen Arcobacter butzleri: preliminary data for risk assessment.	Ottaviani D, Chierichetti S, Rocchegiani E, Bartolini C, Masini L, Santarelli S, Leoni F	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2013/153419	2013
Phylogeny	Occurrence of putative virulence genes in arcobacter species isolated from humans and animals.	Douidah L, de Zutter L, Bare J, De Vos P, Vandamme P, Vandenberg O, Van den Abeele AM, Houf K	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/JCM.05872-11	2011
Biotechnology	Growth and survival at chiller temperatures of Arcobacter butzleri.	Kjeldgaard J, Jorgensen K, Ingmer H	Int J Food Microbiol	10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.02.017	2009
	Induction and resuscitation of viable nonculturable Arcobacter butzleri cells.	Fera MT, Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, La Camera E, Lentini V, Favaloro A, Bonanno D, Carbone M	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.00059-08	2008
Genetics	The complete genome sequence and analysis of the epsilonproteobacterium Arcobacter butzleri.	Miller WG, Parker CT, Rubenfield M, Mendz GL, Wosten MM, Ussery DW, Stolz JF, Binnewies TT, Hallin PF, Wang G, Malek JA, Rogosin A, Stanker LH, Mandrell RE	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0001358	2007
Genetics	Genome mapping of Arcobacter butzleri.	Stoeva K, Bruce Ward F	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00135.x	2006
Pathogenicity	Survival and injury of Arcobacter after artificial inoculation into drinking water.	Moreno Y, Alonso JL, Botella S, Ferrus MA, Hernandez J	Res Microbiol	10.1016/j.resmic.2004.05.011	2004
Cultivation	The recovery of Arcobacter butzleri NCTC 12481 from various temperature treatments.	Hilton CL, Mackey BM, Hargreaves AJ, Forsythe SJ	J Appl Microbiol	10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01457.x	2001
Phylogeny	Isolation of Arcobacter spp. from a brackish environment.	Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Carbone M, Caccamo D, Fera MT	New Microbiol		2000
Phylogeny	Multiplex PCR for the identification of Arcobacter and differentiation of Arcobacter butzleri from other arcobacters.	Harmon KM, Wesley IV	Vet Microbiol	10.1016/s0378-1135(97)00151-x	1997
Enzymology	Infection of cesarean-derived colostrum-deprived 1-day-old piglets with Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii.	Wesley IV, Baetz AL, Larson DJ	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.64.6.2295-2299.1996	1996
Enzymology	Campylobacter butzleri sp. nov. isolated from humans and animals with diarrheal illness.	Kiehlbauch JA, Brenner DJ, Nicholson MA, Baker CN, Patton CM, Steigerwalt AG, Wachsmuth IK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.2.376-385.1991	1991
Phylogeny	Arcobacter lacus sp. nov. and Arcobacter caeni sp. nov., two novel species isolated from reclaimed water.	Perez-Cataluna A, Salas-Masso N, Figueras MJ	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.003101	2019

References

#3369	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 8739
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#23369	P. Vandamme, M. Vancanneyt, B. Pot, L. Mels, B. Hoste, D. Dewettinck, L. Vlaes, C. Van Den Borre, R. Higgins, J. Hommez, K. Kersters, J.-P. Butzler, H. Goossens: Polyphasic Taxonomic Study of the Emended Genus Arcobacter with Arcobacter butzleri comb. nov. and Arcobacter skirrowii sp. nov., an Aerotolerant Bacterium Isolated from Veterinary Specimens. IJSEM 42: 344 - 356 1992 ( DOI 10.1099/00207713-42-3-344 , PubMed 1503968 )
#38127	; Curators of the CIP;
#50109	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 30485
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68373	Automatically annotated from API CAM .
#68377	Automatically annotated from API NH .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#117081	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103493
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Arcobacter butzleri (DSM 8739, ATCC 49616, CDC D2686)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

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Halophily

Metabolite utilization

Antibiotic resistance

Metabolite production

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API CAM

API NH

API biotype100

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Genome browser: GCA_000014025

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