Brevibacterium epidermidis (DSM 20660, ATCC 35514, NCDO 2286)

Name: Brevibacterium epidermidis (DSM 20660, ATCC 35514, NCDO 2286)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 1838

Type strain

Strain Designation C705

Culture col. no. DSM 20660 ATCC 35514 NCDO 2286 CCUG 30540 NCTC 11083 15 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1349751 1698

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP Wink compendium

History <- NCDO <- D.G. Pitcher NCDO 2286 <-- D. G. Pitcher P159. CIP <- 1986, DSM <- NCDO <- 1980, M.D. Collins: strain C705

Links

Brevibacterium epidermidis C705 is an obligate aerobe, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from human skin.

Gram-positive rod-shaped obligate aerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 45993

ATCC 35514,NCDO 2286,NCTC 11083,CCUG 30540,CIP 102110,IMET 10998,JCM 2593,CCM 4098,CCRC 12215,IFO 14811,KCTC 3090,NCIMB 702286,VKM Ac-2108,LMG 21455,CECT 4162,NCFB 2286,NBRC 14811,BCRC 12215,NCTC 12997,CGMCC 1.1929,VTT E-032416,DSM 20660

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:18:11

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Actinomycetes

Order Micrococcales

Family Brevibacteriaceae

Genus Brevibacterium

Species Brevibacterium epidermidis

Full scientific name Brevibacterium epidermidis Collins et al. 1983

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Brevibacterium epidermidis** (3)	Type strain
1836	B. epidermidis 615, DSM 9586
1837	B. epidermidis DSM 20659, NCDO 2285, JCM 2592, ATCC 49089, ...
146876	B. epidermidis CCUG 32343

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119090	positive	rod-shaped
125438			91
125438	positive		92.319

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony color	Incubation period	Medium used
18768	Oyster white	10-14 days	ISP 2
18768	Oyster white	10-14 days	ISP 3
18768	Oyster white	10-14 days	ISP 4
18768	Oyster white	10-14 days	ISP 5
18768	Ivory	10-14 days	ISP 6
119090

Multicellular morphology

@ref	Forms multicellular complex	Medium name
18768		ISP 2
18768		ISP 3
18768		ISP 4
18768		ISP 5
18768		ISP 6

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
18768	ISP 2		Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
18768	ISP 3		Name: ISP 3; 5315 Composition Dog oat flakes 20.0 g/l Trace element solution (5314) 2.5 ml/l Agar 18.0 g/l Preparation: Oat flakes are cooked for 20 minutes, trace element solution and agar are added (in the case of non rolled oat flakes the suspension has to bee filtrated). Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.8 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy (e.g. SEM As liquid medium for metabolite production) Organisms: All Actinomycetes Trace element solution 5314 Name: Trace element solution 5314; 5314 Composition CaCl2 x H2O 3.0 g/l Fe-III-citrate 1.0 g/l MnSO4 0.2 g/l ZnCl2 0.1 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.025 g/l Sodium tetra borate 0.2 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.004 g/l Sodium molybdate 0.01 g/l Preparation: Use double destillated water. Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Trace element solution for different media Organisms:
18768	ISP 4		Name: ISP 4; DSM 547 Solution I: Difco soluble starch, 10.0 g. Make a paste of the starch with a small amount of cold distilled water and bring to a volume of 500 ml. Solution II: CaCO3 2.0 g K2HPO4 (anhydrous) 1.0 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g NaCl 1.0 g (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g Distilled water 500.0 ml Trace salt solution (see below) 1.0 ml The pH should be between 7.0 and 7.4. Do not adjust if it is within this range. Mix solutions I and II together. Add 20.0 g agar. Liquify agar by steaming at 100°C for 10 to 20 min. Trace element solution: FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.1 g ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g Distilled water 100.0 ml
18768	ISP 5		Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
18768	ISP 6		Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
8880	CORYNEBACTERIUM AGAR (DSMZ Medium 53)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: CORYNEBACTERIUM AGAR (DSMZ Medium 53) Composition: Agar 15.0 g/l Casein peptone 10.0 g/l NaCl 5.0 g/l Glucose 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l Distilled water
40309	MEDIUM 3 - Columbia agar		Columbia agar (39.000 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml)
119090	CIP Medium 3	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
8880	positive	growth	30
18768	positive	optimum	28
40309	positive	growth	30
67770	positive	growth	30
119090	positive	growth	10-37
119090	negative	growth	41
119090	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
119090	obligate aerobe
125439	obligate aerobe	90.7

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		90.6

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
18768	NaCl	positive	maximum	7.5 %
119090	NaCl	positive	growth	0-10 %

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
8880	A31	A1gamma m-Dpm-direct

Observation

67770

Observationquinones: MK-8(H₂)

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
18768	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	+
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
18768	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-
119090	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	carbon source
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	assimilation	from API 20E
68379	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
68379	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
68379	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
68379	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
68379	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	hydrolysis	from API Coryne
119090	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	hydrolysis
18768	28757 ChEBI	fructose	-
68379	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	hydrolysis	from API Coryne
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
18768	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
68379	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
119090	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	+	hydrolysis
68379	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
68379	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	fermentation	from API Coryne
18768	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
18768	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+
68379	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API Coryne
119090	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
119090	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	respiration
119090	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
18768	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+
18768	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	-
18768	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+
68379	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	fermentation	from API Coryne
119090	35020 ChEBI	tributyrin	-	hydrolysis
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68379	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API Coryne
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
18768	18222 ChEBI	xylose	+

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
119090	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
119090	35581 ChEBI	indole
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test	Indole test
119090	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+			from API 20E
119090	17234 ChEBI	glucose		-
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole			-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
119090	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68379	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API Coryne
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68379	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API Coryne
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
119090	amylase	-
68368	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
119090	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
68379	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API Coryne
68368	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68379	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API Coryne
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
68379	beta-glucuronidase	+	3.2.1.31	from API Coryne
119090	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
119090	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
119090	DNase	+
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
119090	gamma-glutamyltransferase	+	2.3.2.2
119090	gelatinase	+/-
68379	gelatinase	+		from API Coryne
68368	gelatinase	-		from API 20E
119090	lecithinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
119090	lipase	-
119090	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68379	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API Coryne
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
119090	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
119090	oxidase	-
119090	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
119090	protease	-
68379	pyrazinamidase	+	3.5.1.B15	from API Coryne
68379	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	+	3.4.19.3	from API Coryne
119090	tryptophan deaminase	-
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
119090	tween esterase	-
119090	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68379	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API Coryne
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	+		from API zym

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

@ref

50138

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C15:0 ANTEISO	59.6	14.711
C17:0 anteiso	24.6	16.722
C15:0 ISO	8.5	14.621
C16:0 iso	3.3	15.626
C17:1 ω9c ANTEISO	2.3	16.525
C17:0 iso	1.1	16.629
C16:0	0.5	16

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
18768	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API coryne

@ref	Reduction of nitrateNIT	PYZ	PYRA	PAL	beta GUR	beta GAL	alpha GLU	beta NAG	ESC	URE	GEL	Control fermentationControl	GLU	RIB	XYL	MAN	MAL	LAC	SAC	GLYG	CAT
18768	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
18768	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
119090	-	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
119090	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Human	-
#Host Body-Site	#Organ	#Skin, Nail, Hair

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
8880	human skin
50138	Skin
67770	Human skin
119090	Human, Skin	United Kingdom	GBR	Europe

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X76565 (>99% sequence identity) for Brevibacterium from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	205
Soil Samples	327
Animal Samples	1757
Plant Samples	42
Total Samples	2331

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
8880	yes, in single cases	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
18768		1+	Hazard group According to TRBA 466
119090		1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM157080v1 assembly for Brevibacterium epidermidis NBRC 14811	contig	GCA_001570805	1349751.3	2731957605	1349751	72.54

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	B.epidermidis (NCDO 2286) gene for 16S ribosomal RNA	X76565	1482	1698
124043	Brevibacterium epidermidis strain NBRC 14811 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MW198125	601	1698
124043	Brevibacterium epidermidis strain NBRC 14811 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PQ248411	590	1698

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
8880	63.5
67770	64.3	genome sequence analysis

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Brevibacterium epidermidis NBRC 14811
NCBI: GCA_001570805

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	90.60	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	50.60	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	87.50	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	90.70	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Brevibacterium epidermidis NBRC 14811
PATRIC: 1349751.3

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	92.32	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	97.19	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	75.53	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	89.10	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	95.47	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	91.00	no

Literature

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	The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils.	Orchard A, Kamatou G, Viljoen AM, Patel N, Mawela P, van Vuuren SF.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2019/6981305	2019
Genetics	Virulent Phages Isolated from a Smear-Ripened Cheese Are Also Detected in Reservoirs of the Cheese Factory.	Paillet T, Lossouarn J, Figueroa C, Midoux C, Rue O, Petit MA, Dugat-Bony E.	Viruses	10.3390/v14081620	2022
Enzymology	Phylogenetic identification of fungi isolated from the marine sponge Tethya aurantium and identification of their secondary metabolites.	Wiese J, Ohlendorf B, Blumel M, Schmaljohann R, Imhoff JF.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md9040561	2011
	Direct Growth of Bacteria in Headspace Vials Allows for Screening of Volatiles by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry.	Timm CM, Lloyd EP, Egan A, Mariner R, Karig D.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00491	2018
Enzymology	Human infections caused by Brevibacterium casei, formerly CDC groups B-1 and B-3.	Gruner E, Steigerwalt AG, Hollis DG, Weyant RS, Weaver RE, Moss CW, Daneshvar M, Brown JM, Brenner DJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.32.6.1511-1518.1994	1994
Metabolism	Evaluation of the RapID CB Plus system for identification of Corynebacterium species and other gram-positive rods.	Hudspeth MK, Hunt Gerardo S, Citron DM, Goldstein EJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.2.543-547.1998	1998
	Diversity, distribution, and antagonistic activities of rhizobacteria of Panax notoginseng.	Fan ZY, Miao CP, Qiao XG, Zheng YK, Chen HH, Chen YW, Xu LH, Zhao LX, Guan HL.	J Ginseng Res	10.1016/j.jgr.2015.05.003	2016
Metabolism	Simultaneous identification of two cyclohexanone oxidation genes from an environmental Brevibacterium isolate using mRNA differential display.	Brzostowicz PC, Gibson KL, Thomas SM, Blasko MS, Rouviere PE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.182.15.4241-4248.2000	2000
Phylogeny	Identification of Brevibacterium from clinical sources.	Pitcher DG, Malnick H.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.37.12.1395	1984
	Phleum pratense-pollen adaptive variations and pollen microbiome investigation under different climatic regions and prospects of allergenicity.	Muhammad H, Saadia N, Richard EG, Zahid A.	Int J Biometeorol	10.1007/s00484-024-02740-3	2024
	Isolation, structure elucidation, total synthesis, and biosynthesis of dermazolium A, an antibacterial imidazolium metabolite of a vaginal bacterium Dermabacter vaginalis.	Kim HR, Kim J, Yu JS, Lee BS, Kim KH, Kim CS.	Arch Pharm Res	10.1007/s12272-022-01424-z	2023
	Epsilon-Caprolactam- and Nylon Oligomer-Degrading Bacterium Brevibacterium epidermidis BS3: Characterization and Potential Use in Bioremediation.	Esikova TZ, Akatova EV, Solyanikova IP.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11020373	2023
	Analysis of the Microbial Community Structure of Ixodes persulcatus at Each Developmental Stage.	Liu Y, Dong X, Sun L, Cui H, Kang J, Bu N, Zhang Y, Qi Z, Li Z, Zhang Z, Zhao L.	Animals (Basel)	10.3390/ani15060830	2025
	Risk of Ixodes ricinus Bites in a Population of Forestry Workers in an Endemic Region in France.	Grillon A, Sauleau E, Boulanger N.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens13080696	2024
Phylogeny	Characterization of blood microbial population in beef calves with clinical signs of sepsis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.	Borriello G, Valentini F, Ferrini S, Di Muro G, Cagnotti G, Grego E, Catania AM, Stella MC, Ala U, Nebbia P, D'Angelo A, Bellino C.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0324469	2025
	Multitask knowledge-primed neural network for predicting missing metadata and host phenotype based on human microbiome.	Monshizadeh M, Hong Y, Ye Y.	Bioinform Adv	10.1093/bioadv/vbae203	2025
Metabolism	A novel amidase from Brevibacterium epidermidis ZJB-07021: gene cloning, refolding and application in butyrylhydroxamic acid synthesis.	Ruan LT, Zheng RC, Zheng YG.	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-016-1786-y	2016
Genetics	Mining and characterization of two amidase signature family amidases from Brevibacterium epidermidis ZJB-07021 by an efficient genome mining approach.	Ruan LT, Zheng RC, Zheng YG.	Protein Expr Purif	10.1016/j.pep.2016.05.006	2016
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of R-stereospecific amidase from Brevibacterium epidermidis ZJB-07021.	Ruan LT, Zheng RC, Zheng YG, Shen YC.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.020	2016
	Brevibacterium Bacteremia in the Setting of Pyogenic Liver Abscess: A Case Report with Accompanying Literature Review.	Hossain S, Hossain A, Barajas-Ochoa A, Jaker MA.	Case Rep Infect Dis	10.1155/2021/8034874	2021
	Exploring the Linkage Between Ruminal Microbial Communities on Postweaning and Finishing Diets and Their Relation to Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle.	Peraza P, Fernandez-Calero T, Naya H, Sotelo-Silveira J, Navajas EA.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms12122437	2024
	Bioprospecting from plant waste composting: Actinobacteria against phytopathogens producing damping-off.	Jurado MM, Suarez-Estrella F, Lopez MJ, Lopez-Gonzalez JA, Moreno J.	Biotechnol Rep (Amst)	10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00354	2019
Metabolism	Isolation and characterization of biosurfactant producing bacteria from Persian Gulf (Bushehr provenance).	Hassanshahian M.	Mar Pollut Bull	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.043	2014
	Microbial Communities and Functions in the Rhizosphere of Disease-Resistant and Susceptible Camellia spp.	Li J, Zhang C, Qu X, Luo Z, Lu S, Kuzyakov Y, Alharbi HA, Yuan J, Niu G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.732905	2021
	Native aortic valve endocarditis caused by Brevibacterium epidermidis in an immunocompetent patient.	Manetos CM, Pavlidis AN, Kallistratos MS, Tsoukas AS, Chamodraka ES, Levantakis I, Manolis AJ.	Am J Med Sci	10.1097/maj.0b013e31821ffb9f	2011
Metabolism	Development of a novel compound microbial agent for degradation of kitchen waste.	Zhao K, Xu R, Zhang Y, Tang H, Zhou C, Cao A, Zhao G, Guo H.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1016/j.bjm.2016.12.011	2017
Genetics	Identification, characterization, and genome sequencing of Brevibacterium sediminis MG-1 isolate with growth-promoting properties.	Lutfullin MT, Lutfullina GF, Pudova DS, Akosah YA, Shagimardanova EI, Vologin SG, Sharipova MR, Mardanova AM.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-022-03392-z	2022
Pathogenicity	Behavioral responses of Rhodnius prolixus to volatile organic compounds released in vitro by bacteria isolated from human facial skin.	Tabares M, Ortiz M, Gonzalez M, Carazzone C, Vives Florez MJ, Molina J.	PLoS Negl Trop Dis	10.1371/journal.pntd.0006423	2018
Enzymology	R-enantioselective hydrolysis of 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxamide by amidase from a newly isolated strain Brevibacterium epidermidis ZJB-07021.	Jin SJ, Zheng RC, Zheng YG, Shen YC.	J Appl Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03841.x	2008
Metabolism	[Decrease of phosphate concentration in the medium by Brevibacterium casei cells].	Riazanova LP, Smirnov AV, Kulakovskaia TV, Kulaev IS.	Mikrobiologiia	10.1134/s0026261707060033	2007
Phylogeny	Molecular identification and differentiation of Brevibacterium species and strains.	Hoppe-Seyler TS, Jaeger B, Bockelmann W, Geis A, Heller KJ.	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2006.02.008	2007
Metabolism	Isolation and identification of thiocyanate utilizing chemolithotrophs from gold mine soils.	Lee C, Kim J, Chang J, Hwang S.	Biodegradation	10.1023/a:1024256932414	2003
	Multikingdom interactions govern the microbiome in subterranean cultural heritage sites.	Liu W, Zhou X, Jin T, Li Y, Wu B, Yu D, Yu Z, Su B, Chen R, Feng Y, Delgado-Baquerizo M.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2121141119	2022
	Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator, Culex pipiens L.	Peach DAH, Carroll C, Meraj S, Gomes S, Galloway E, Balcita A, Coatsworth H, Young N, Uriel Y, Gries R, Lowenberger C, Moore M, Gries G.	BMC Ecol Evol	10.1186/s12862-021-01761-5	2021
	Symbiotic Fungus Affected the Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) Resistance to Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam.	Yi T, Lei L, He L, Yi J, Li L, Dai L, Hong Y.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.522164	2020
	Trichoderma and Bacillus multifunctional allies for plant growth and health in saline soils: recent advances and future challenges.	Santoyo G, Orozco-Mosqueda MDC, Afridi MS, Mitra D, Valencia-Cantero E, Macias-Rodriguez L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423980	2024
	Cultivable Microbial Diversity Associated With Cellular Phones.	Kurli R, Chaudhari D, Pansare AN, Khairnar M, Shouche YS, Rahi P.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.01229	2018
	The influence of the pH-value on the growth of Brevibacterium epidermidis in continuous culture.	Lukacs A, Korting HC, Lemke O, Ruckdeschel G, Ehret W, Braun-Falco O.	Acta Derm Venereol	10.2340/0001555575280282	1995
	Culturable hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacterial isolates from Indonesian seawater in the Lombok Strait and Indian Ocean.	Syakti AD, Lestari P, Simanora S, Sari LK, Lestari F, Idris F, Agustiadi T, Akhlus S, Hidayati NV, Riyanti.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01594	2019
	Bacterial contamination of dental unit waterlines.	Szymanska J, Sitkowska J.	Environ Monit Assess	10.1007/s10661-012-2812-9	2013
	Tinea pedis pathophysiology and treatment.	Leyden JL.	J Am Acad Dermatol	10.1016/s0190-9622(08)81264-9	1994
	Tinea pedis.	Leyden JJ, Aly R.	Semin Dermatol		1993
Enzymology	Halotolerant bacteria in the São Paulo Zoo composting process and their hydrolases and bioproducts.	Oliveira LC, Ramos PL, Marem A, Kondo MY, Rocha RC, Bertolini T, Silveira MA, da Cruz JB, de Vasconcellos SP, Juliano L, Okamoto DN.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-838246220130316	2015
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of sphingosines.	Bibel DJ, Aly R, Shinefield HR.	J Invest Dermatol	10.1111/1523-1747.ep12497842	1992
	Microbial ecology of interdigital infections of toe web spaces.	Kates SG, Nordstrom KM, McGinley KJ, Leyden JJ.	J Am Acad Dermatol	10.1016/0190-9622(90)70075-s	1990
Genetics	Mobilome of Brevibacterium aurantiacum Sheds Light on Its Genetic Diversity and Its Adaptation to Smear-Ripened Cheeses.	Levesque S, de Melo AG, Labrie SJ, Moineau S.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.01270	2019
Metabolism	Differential attraction of malaria mosquitoes to volatile blends produced by human skin bacteria.	Verhulst NO, Andriessen R, Groenhagen U, Bukovinszkine Kiss G, Schulz S, Takken W, van Loon JJ, Schraa G, Smallegange RC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0015829	2010
	Biting behaviour of African malaria vectors: 1. where do the main vector species bite on the human body?	Braack L, Hunt R, Koekemoer LL, Gericke A, Munhenga G, Haddow AD, Becker P, Okia M, Kimera I, Coetzee M.	Parasit Vectors	10.1186/s13071-015-0677-9	2015
	A Critical Review of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Green-Synthesized Plant-Based Metallic Nanoparticles.	Luzala MM, Muanga CK, Kyana J, Safari JB, Zola EN, Mbusa GV, Nuapia YB, Liesse JI, Nkanga CI, Krause RWM, Balciunaitiene A, Memvanga PB.	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano12111841	2022
Enzymology	Cloning and structure of the BepI modification methylase.	Kupper D, Zhou JG, Venetianer P, Kiss A.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/17.3.1077	1989
Metabolism	Towards improved butanol production through targeted genetic modification of Clostridium pasteurianum.	Schwarz KM, Grosse-Honebrink A, Derecka K, Rotta C, Zhang Y, Minton NP.	Metab Eng	10.1016/j.ymben.2017.01.009	2017
	Polymeric Carriers Designed for Encapsulation of Essential Oils with Biological Activity.	Chiriac AP, Rusu AG, Nita LE, Chiriac VM, Neamtu I, Sandu A.	Pharmaceutics	10.3390/pharmaceutics13050631	2021
Metabolism	Keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria.	Mikx FH, de Jong MH.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.55.3.621-625.1987	1987
Phylogeny	Evaluation of the RapID CB plus system for identification of coryneform bacteria and Listeria spp.	Funke G, Peters K, Aravena-Roman M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.9.2439-2442.1998	1998
Genetics	Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.	Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007	2018
Genetics	Draft genome sequence of Brevibacterium epidermidis EZ-K02 isolated from nitrocellulose-contaminated wastewater environments.	Ziganshina EE, Mohammed WS, Doijad SP, Shagimardanova EI, Gogoleva NE, Ziganshin AM.	Data Brief	10.1016/j.dib.2017.12.053	2018
Genetics	Draft genome sequence of a new carotenoid-producing strain Brevibacterium sp. XU54, isolated from radioactive soil in Xinjiang, China.	Zhang Z, Huang C, Du B, Xie C, Jiang L, Tang S, Xu X.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-022-03366-1	2022
Genetics	Draft genome sequence and potential identification of a biosurfactant from Brevibacterium casei strain LS14 an isolate from fresh water Loktak Lake.	Kumari K, Gouda SK, Panda AN, Ray L, Sahoo D, Nayak T, Gupta V, Raina V.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-021-02867-9	2021
Phylogeny	Chemotaxonomy and molecular taxonomy of some coryneform clinical isolates.	Carlotti A, Meugnier H, Pommier MT, Villard J, Freney J	Zentralbl Bakteriol	10.1016/s0934-8840(11)80276-8	1993
	Brevibacterium spongiae sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge Hymeniacidon sp.	Zhang M, Song Q, Sang J, Li Z.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.005869	2023
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium oceani sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Chagos Trench, Indian Ocean.	Bhadra B, Raghukumar C, Pindi PK, Shivaji S.	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.64869-0	2008
Phylogeny	Sphingomonas lacusdianchii sp. nov., an attached bacterium inhibited by metabolites from its symbiotic cyanobacterium.	Wang X, Xiao Y, Deng Y, Sang X, Deng QL, Wang L, Yang YW, Zhang BH, Zhang YQ.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-024-13081-x	2024
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium renqingii sp. nov., isolated from the Daqu of Baijiu.	Yan Y, Xing X, Sun Z, Li J, Hao S, Xu J	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-021-02212-x	2021
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium hankyongi sp. nov., isolated from compost.	Choi KD, Siddiqi MZ, Liu Q, Muhammad Shafi S, Durrani Y, Lee SY, Kang MS, Im WT	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002886	2018
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium sediminis sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Carlsberg and Southwest Indian Ridges.	Chen P, Zhang L, Wang J, Ruan J, Han X, Huang Y	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.001506	2016
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium siliguriense sp. nov., a facultatively oligotrophic bacterium isolated from river water.	Kumar A, Ince IA, Kati A, Chakraborty R	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.038281-0	2012
Phylogeny	Brevibacterium casei sp. nov. and Brevibacterium epidermidis sp. nov.	Collins MD, Farrow JA, Goodfellow M, Minnikin DE	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/S0723-2020(83)80023-X	1983

References

#8880	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 20660
#18768	Wink, J.: Compendium of Actinobacteria. HZI-Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig .
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#40309	; Curators of the CIP;
#50138	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 30540
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#68379	Automatically annotated from API Coryne .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#119090	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 102110
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Brevibacterium epidermidis (DSM 20660, ATCC 35514, NCDO 2286)

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