Exiguobacterium aurantiacum (DSM 6208, ATCC 35652, NCDO 2321)

Name: Exiguobacterium aurantiacum (DSM 6208, ATCC 35652, NCDO 2321)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 18105

Type strain

Strain Designation BL 77/1

Culture col. no. DSM 6208 ATCC 35652 NCDO 2321 NCIB 11798 CCUG 44910 4 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 1397694 33987

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG Wink compendium CIP

Links

Exiguobacterium aurantiacum BL 77/1 is an aerobe, mesophilic prokaryote that was isolated from alkaline effluent from potato washing.

aerobe mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 368693

NCTC 13163,ATCC 35652,NCIB 11798,CIP 103353,DSM 6208,NCDO 2321,NCIMB 11798,IFO14763,KCTC 9244,NCFB 2321,CCUG 44910,NBRC 14763,BCRC 17392,CCRC 17392

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:51:15

Domain Bacillati

Phylum Bacillota

Class Bacilli

Order Caryophanales

Family Bacillaceae

Genus Exiguobacterium

Species Exiguobacterium aurantiacum

Full scientific name Exiguobacterium aurantiacum Collins et al. 1984

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Exiguobacterium aurantiacum** (6)	Type strain
18104	E. aurantiacum BL 77/4, DSM 6203, NCDO 2323
18106	E. aurantiacum BL 77/2, DSM 6209, NCDO 2322
103187	E. aurantiacum STI09714(IMET), V-60,
137992	E. aurantiacum CIP 102442
139099	E. aurantiacum LRA 143 06 89, CIP 103729, ATCC 49676, CCUG ...
155172	E. aurantiacum CCUG 56748

Morphology

Colony morphology

@ref	Incubation period	Medium used
19722	10-14 days	ISP 2
19722	10-14 days	ISP 5
19722	10-14 days	ISP 6

Multicellular morphology

@ref	Forms multicellular complex	Medium name
19722		ISP 2
19722		ISP 5
19722		ISP 6

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
2534	EXIGUOBACTERIUM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 468)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: EXIGUOBACTERIUM MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 468) Composition: Nutrient broth No. 2 25.0 g/l Glucose 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 3.0 g/l Distilled water
19722	ISP 2		Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19722	ISP 5		Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19722	ISP 6		Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
40617	MEDIUM 3 - Columbia agar		Columbia agar (39.000 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml)
116557	CIP Medium 3	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
2534	positive	growth	28	mesophilic
19722	positive	optimum	28	mesophilic
40617	positive	growth	30	mesophilic
56539	positive	growth	25	mesophilic
56539	positive	growth	30	mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

56539

Oxygen toleranceaerobe

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
19722	NaCl	positive	growth	0 %

Murein

@ref	Murein short key	Type
2534	A11.01	A3alpha L-Lys-Gly

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity
19722	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	+
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	from API 20E
19722	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	from API 20E
68379	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	-	from API Coryne
68379	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	from API Coryne
68379	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	-	from API Coryne
68379	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	from API Coryne
68379	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	from API Coryne
19722	28757 ChEBI	fructose	+
68379	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	from API Coryne
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	from API 20E
19722	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
68379	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	from API Coryne
68379	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	from API Coryne
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	from API 20E
68379	17306 ChEBI	maltose	-	from API Coryne
19722	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
19722	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	-
68379	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	from API Coryne
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	from API 20E
19722	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-
19722	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	+/-
19722	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+
68379	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	from API Coryne
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	from API 20E
68379	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	from API Coryne
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	from API 20E
19722	18222 ChEBI	xylose	+

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide	from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+	from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	-	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68379	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API Coryne
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68379	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API Coryne
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68368	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68379	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API Coryne
68368	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68379	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API Coryne
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
68379	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API Coryne
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
68379	gelatinase	+		from API Coryne
68368	gelatinase	+		from API 20E
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68379	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API Coryne
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
68379	pyrazinamidase	+	3.5.1.B15	from API Coryne
68379	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	+	3.4.19.3	from API Coryne
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68368	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68379	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API Coryne
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API 20E

@ref	ONPG	ADH (Arg)	LDC (Lys)	ODC	CIT	H2S productionH2S	URE	TDA (Trp)	IND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	GEL	GLU	MAN	INO	Sor	RHA	SAC	MEL	AMY	ARA	OX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	OF-O	OF-F
19722	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API coryne

@ref	Reduction of nitrateNIT	PYZ	PYRA	PAL	beta GUR	beta GAL	alpha GLU	beta NAG	ESC	URE	GEL	Control fermentationControl	GLU	RIB	XYL	MAN	MAL	LAC	SAC	GLYG	CAT
19722	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
19722	not determinedn.d.	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Engineered	#Waste	#Wastewater
#Host	#Plants	#Herbaceous plants (Grass,Crops)
#Condition	#Alkaline	-

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
2534	alkaline effluent from potato washing	United Kingdom	GBR	Europe
56539	Alkaline effluent from potato washing
116557	Other, Effluent of a potato processing factory

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence DQ019166 (>99% sequence identity) for Exiguobacterium aurantiacum from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1593
Soil Samples	374
Animal Samples	2195
Plant Samples	417
Total Samples	4579

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2534	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
19722	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
116557	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM70258v1 assembly for Exiguobacterium aurantiacum DSM 6208	contig	GCA_000702585	1397694.4	2562617001	1397694	76.12

Genome browser: GCA_000702585

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Exiguobacterium aurantiacum strain DSM 6208 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	DQ019166	1552	33987
20218	Exiguobacterium aurantiacum gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 14763	AB680657	1487	33987
20218	E.aurantiacum (NCDO 2321) 16S rRNA	X70316	1527	33987

GC content

2534

GC-content (mol%)53.4

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Exiguobacterium aurantiacum DSM 6208
NCBI: GCA_000702585

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	58.30	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	64.30	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	variable	70.70	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate anaerobe	65.40	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Exiguobacterium aurantiacum DSM 6208
PATRIC: 1397694.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	76.58	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	95.00	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	53.03	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	62.98	yes
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	93.01	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	76.61	no

Literature

Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Draft genome sequence of Exiguobacterium sp. strain MMG028 isolated from a salt marsh.	Farrell MV, Airkin MY, Ali TN, Altoblani ZS, Bowman CR, Diaz AAB, Faurot PF, Frausto JE, Haji SF, Hamad BA, Lively JB, Luistro DCC, Macias Y, Mathew S, McKinley KM, Nasirimoseloo S, Tran BP, Trinh AN, Shikuma NJ.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00116-23	2024
Genetic and Comparative Genome Analysis of Exiguobacterium aurantiacum SW-20, a Petroleum-Degrading Bacteria with Salt Tolerance and Heavy Metal-Tolerance Isolated from Produced Water of Changqing Oilfield, China.	Su Z, Wang S, Yang S, Yin Y, Cao Y, Li G, Ma T.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10010066	2021
Draft genome sequence of Exiguobacterium aurantiacum strain PN47 isolate from saline ponds, known as "Salar del Huasco", located in the Altiplano in the North of Chile.	Strahsburger E, Zapata F, Pedroso I, Fuentes D, Tapia P, Ponce R, Valdes J.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1016/j.bjm.2017.03.011	2018
Polyextremophilic Bacteria from High Altitude Andean Lakes: Arsenic Resistance Profiles and Biofilm Production.	Zannier F, Portero LR, Ordonez OF, Martinez LJ, Farias ME, Albarracin VH.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2019/1231975	2019
Pan-genomic comparison of a potential solvent-tolerant alkaline protease-producing Exiguobacterium sp. TBG-PICH-001 isolated from a marine habitat.	Srivastava N, Shiburaj S, Khare SK.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-023-03796-5	2023
Comparative Genomics Analysis of a New Exiguobacterium Strain from Salar de Huasco Reveals a Repertoire of Stress-Related Genes and Arsenic Resistance.	Castro-Severyn J, Remonsellez F, Valenzuela SL, Salinas C, Fortt J, Aguilar P, Pardo-Este C, Dorador C, Quatrini R, Molina F, Aguayo D, Castro-Nallar E, Saavedra CP.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00456	2017
Exiguobacterium sp. A1b/GX59 isolated from a patient with community-acquired pneumonia and bacteremia: genomic characterization and literature review.	Chen X, Wang L, Zhou J, Wu H, Li D, Cui Y, Lu B.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-017-2616-1	2017
Characterization and Salt Response in Recurrent Halotolerant Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 Isolated From Sediments of Salar de Huasco, Chilean Altiplano.	Remonsellez F, Castro-Severyn J, Pardo-Este C, Aguilar P, Fortt J, Salinas C, Barahona S, Leon J, Fuentes B, Areche C, Hernandez KL, Aguayo D, Saavedra CP.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02228	2018
The genomic sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str. N139 reveals a species that thrives in cold waters and extreme environmental conditions.	Gutierrez-Preciado A, Vargas-Chavez C, Reyes-Prieto M, Ordonez OF, Santos-Garcia D, Rosas-Perez T, Valdivia-Anistro J, Rebollar EA, Saralegui A, Moya A, Merino E, Farias ME, Latorre A, Souza V.	PeerJ	10.7717/peerj.3162	2017
Activities and Prevalence of Proteobacteria Members Colonizing Echinacea purpurea Fully Account for Macrophage Activation Exhibited by Extracts of This Botanical.	Haron MH, Tyler HL, Pugh ND, Moraes RM, Maddox VL, Jackson CR, Pasco DS.	Planta Med	10.1055/s-0042-108590	2016
Diversity and mechanisms of alkali tolerance in lactobacilli.	Sawatari Y, Yokota A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02834-06	2007
Molecular characterization of guanosine kinase gene from a facultative alkalophile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum ATCC 35652.	Usuda Y, Kawasaki H, Shimaoka M, Utagawa T	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00166-3	1998
Exiguobacterium alkaliphilum sp. nov. isolated from alkaline wastewater drained sludge of a beverage factory.	Mohan Kulshreshtha N, Kumar R, Begum Z, Shivaji S, Kumar A	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.039123-0	2013
Exiguobacterium himgiriensis sp. nov. a novel member of the genus Exiguobacterium, isolated from the Indian Himalayas.	Singh NK, Raichand R, Kaur I, Kaur C, Pareek S, Mayilraj S	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek	10.1007/s10482-012-9861-5	2012
Exiguobacterium mexicanum sp. nov. and Exiguobacterium artemiae sp. nov., isolated from the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana.	Lopez-Cortes A, Schumann P, Pukall R, Stackebrandt E	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2005.09.007	2005
Exiguobacterium undae sp. nov. and Exiguobacterium antarcticum sp. nov.	Fruhling A, Schumann P, Hippe H, Straubler B, Stackebrandt E	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/00207713-52-4-1171	2002

References

#2534	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 6208
#19722	Wink, J.: Compendium of Actinobacteria. HZI-Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig .
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#40617	; Curators of the CIP;
#56539	Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG) ; Curators of the CCUG; CCUG 44910
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#68368	Automatically annotated from API 20E .
#68379	Automatically annotated from API Coryne .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#116557	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 103353
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Exiguobacterium aurantiacum (DSM 6208, ATCC 35652, NCDO 2321)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Colony morphology

Multicellular morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Halophily

Murein

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

API 20E

API coryne

API zym

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000702585

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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