Clostridium thermoaceticum (DSM 2955, ATCC 35608, Fontaine)

Name: Clostridium thermoaceticum (DSM 2955, ATCC 35608, Fontaine)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 16812

Type strain

Strain Designation Fontaine

Variant Isotype of BacDive ID 16811

Culture col. no. DSM 2955 ATCC 35608 Fontaine

NCBI tax ID(s) 1525

Special Collections DSMZ

History <- J. G. Zeikus, Michigan State University, Center for Microbial Ecology, E. Lansing, USA; Fontaine <- E. McCoy, University of Wisconsin, Departments of Biochemistry and Agricultural Bacteriology, Madison, USA; <- F. E. Fontaine;

Links

Clostridium thermoaceticum Fontaine is an anaerobe bacterium that was isolated from horse faeces.

anaerobe genome sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 41191

ATCC 35608,DSM 521,DSM 2955,JCM 9319,KCTC 3247,KCTC 5000,BCRC 14423,CCRC 14423,NRRL B-23504,CIP 108294

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:22:03

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Bacillota

Class Clostridia

Order Eubacteriales

Family Clostridiaceae

Genus Clostridium

Species Clostridium thermoaceticum

Full scientific name Clostridium thermoaceticum Fontaine et al. 1942 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (6)

Clostridium thermautotrophicum
Clostridium thermaceticum
Moorella thermoacetica
Clostridium thermoautotrophicum
Neomoorella thermoacetica
Moorella thermoautotrophica

Morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
1260	MOORELLA THERMOACETICA (TYE-CO) MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 316)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MOORELLA THERMOACETICA (TYE-CO) MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 316) Composition: Trypticase peptone 9.84252 g/l Yeast extract 2.95276 g/l Na2HPO4 x 12 H2O 2.75591 g/l NH4Cl 0.984252 g/l Na2S x 9 H2O 0.590551 g/l KH2PO4 0.295276 g/l MgCl2 x 6 H2O 0.19685 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.0295276 g/l Nitrilotriacetic acid 0.0147638 g/l NaCl 0.00984252 g/l MnSO4 x H2O 0.00492126 g/l CoSO4 x 7 H2O 0.00177165 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.00177165 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.000984252 g/l CaCl2 x 2 H2O 0.000984252 g/l Sodium resazurin 0.000492126 g/l NiCl2 x 6 H2O 0.000295276 g/l AlK(SO4)2 x 12 H2O 0.00019685 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 9.84252e-05 g/l H3BO3 9.84252e-05 g/l Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 9.84252e-05 g/l Pyridoxine hydrochloride 4.92126e-05 g/l (DL)-alpha-Lipoic acid 2.46063e-05 g/l p-Aminobenzoic acid 2.46063e-05 g/l Calcium D-(+)-pantothenate 2.46063e-05 g/l Nicotinic acid 2.46063e-05 g/l Riboflavin 2.46063e-05 g/l Thiamine HCl 2.46063e-05 g/l Folic acid 9.84252e-06 g/l Biotin 9.84252e-06 g/l Na2WO4 x 2 H2O 3.93701e-06 g/l Na2SeO3 x 5 H2O 2.95276e-06 g/l Vitamin B12 4.92126e-07 g/l Distilled water
1260	MOORELLA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 60)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: MOORELLA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 60) Composition: Glucose 17.9462 g/l K2HPO4 6.97906 g/l Yeast extract 4.98505 g/l Tryptone 4.98505 g/l KH2PO4 4.48654 g/l Na2CO3 1.99402 g/l (NH4)2SO4 0.498505 g/l L-Cysteine HCl x H2O 0.299103 g/l Na2S x 9 H2O 0.299103 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 0.0997009 g/l Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 0.0398804 g/l Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 0.00239283 g/l Sodium resazurin 0.000498505 g/l Na2SeO3 x 5 H2O 0.000149551 g/l Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
1260	positive	growth	55

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
1260	anaerobe
125438	anaerobe	91.873
125439	anaerobe	99.8

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host	#Mammals	#Equidae (Horse)
#Host Body Product	#Gastrointestinal tract	#Feces (Stool)

Isolation

1260

Sample typehorse faeces

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
1260	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	Moorella thermoacetica DSM 2955	complete			2627853542	1525	99.76
66792	ASM126743v1 assembly for Neomoorella thermoacetica DSM 2955	complete	GCA_001267435	1525.4	2834887756	1525	98.34

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
1260	55.8	sequence analysis

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Moorella thermoacetica strain DSM 2955
PATRIC: 1525.4

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	68.90	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	51.20	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	86.50	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	anaerobe	99.80	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Moorella thermoacetica DSM 2955
NCBI: GCA_001267435.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	yes	54.38	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	91.87	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	93.09	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	yes	75.49	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	yes	78.44	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	69.33	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Metabolic versatility and nitrate reduction pathways of a new thermophilic bacterium of the Deferrivibrionaceae: Deferrivibrio metallireducens sp. nov isolated from hot sediments of Vulcano Island, Italy.	Gales G, Hennart M, Hannoun M, Postec A, Erauso G.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0315093	2025
Metabolism	Thermophilic Moorella thermoacetica as a platform microorganism for C1 gas utilization: physiology, engineering, and applications.	Jia D, Deng W, Hu P, Jiang W, Gu Y.	Bioresour Bioprocess	10.1186/s40643-023-00682-z	2023
Metabolism	Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Catabolism and Anabolism in Acetogenic Bacteria Growing on Different Substrates.	Freude C, Blaser M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03502-15	2016
Metabolism	Carbon isotope fractionation of 11 acetogenic strains grown on H2 and CO2.	Blaser MB, Dreisbach LK, Conrad R.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03203-12	2013
Enzymology	Reduction, evolutionary pattern and positive selection of genes encoding formate dehydrogenase in Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of gastrointestinal acetogens suggests their adaptation to formate-rich habitats.	Yao Y, Fu B, Han D, Zhang Y, Wei Z, Liu H.	Environ Microbiol Rep	10.1111/1758-2229.13129	2023
	Acetate Production from Syngas Produced from Lignocellulosic Biomass Materials along with Gaseous Fermentation of the Syngas: A Review.	Harahap BM, Ahring BK.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11040995	2023
Metabolism	Using gas mixtures of CO, CO₂ and H₂ as microbial substrates: the do's and don'ts of successful technology transfer from laboratory to production scale.	Takors R, Kopf M, Mampel J, Bluemke W, Blombach B, Eikmanns B, Bengelsdorf FR, Weuster-Botz D, Durre P.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.13270	2018
Genetics	Analysis of the Core Genome and Pan-Genome of Autotrophic Acetogenic Bacteria.	Shin J, Song Y, Jeong Y, Cho BK.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01531	2016
	Genome-Based Comparison of All Species of the Genus Moorella, and Status of the Species Moorella thermoacetica and Moorella thermoautotrophica.	Redl S, Poehlein A, Esser C, Bengelsdorf FR, Jensen TO, Jendresen CB, Tindall BJ, Daniel R, Durre P, Nielsen AT.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.03070	2019
Metabolism	A CBS domain-containing pyrophosphatase of Moorella thermoacetica is regulated by adenine nucleotides.	Jamsen J, Tuominen H, Salminen A, Belogurov GA, Magretova NN, Baykov AA, Lahti R.	Biochem J	10.1042/bj20071017	2007
Enzymology	Direct quantification of the enteric bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes in human fecal samples by quantitative competitive-template PCR.	Sidhu H, Holmes RP, Allison MJ, Peck AB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.5.1503-1509.1999	1999
Metabolism	Anaerobic thermophilic fermentation for acetic acid production from milk permeate.	Talabardon M, Schwitzguebel JP, Peringer P	J Biotechnol	10.1016/s0168-1656(99)00180-7	2000
Genetics	Complete Genome Sequence of the Acetogenic Bacterium Moorella thermoacetica DSM 2955T.	Bengelsdorf FR, Poehlein A, Esser C, Schiel-Bengelsdorf B, Daniel R, Durre P	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomeA.01157-15	2015
	Oxalate- and Glyoxylate-Dependent Growth and Acetogenesis by Clostridium thermoaceticum.	Daniel SL, Drake HL	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.59.9.3062-3069.1993	1993
Metabolism	Old acetogens, new light.	Drake HL, Gossner AS, Daniel SL	Ann N Y Acad Sci	10.1196/annals.1419.016	2008
Phylogeny	Koleobacter methoxysyntrophicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel anaerobic bacterium isolated from deep subsurface oil field and proposal of Koleobacteraceae fam. nov. and Koleobacterales ord. nov. within the class Clostridia of the phylum Firmicutes.	Sakamoto S, Nobu MK, Mayumi D, Tamazawa S, Kusada H, Yonebayashi H, Iwama H, Ikarashi M, Wakayama T, Maeda H, Sakata S, Tamura T, Nomura N, Kamagata Y, Tamaki H	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126154	2020

References

#1260	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 2955
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Clostridium thermoaceticum (DSM 2955, ATCC 35608, Fontaine)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_001267435

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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