Kitasatospora phosalacinea (DSM 43860, IFO 14372, JCM 3340)

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Multicellular morphology

Multimedia

• @ref:	11342
  multimedia content:	DSM_43860-1.jpg
  multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_43860-1.jpg
  intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
  manual_annotation:	1

• @ref:	11342
  multimedia content:	DSM_43860.jpg
  multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_43860.jpg
  caption:	Medium 65 28°C
  intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
  manual_annotation:	1

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
11342	GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65) Composition: Agar 18.0 g/l Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l Distilled water
19838	ISP 2			Name: ISP 2 / Yeast Malt Agar (5265); 5265 Composition Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Preparation: Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.0 Usage: Maintenance and Taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19838	ISP 3			Name: ISP 3; 5315 Composition Dog oat flakes 20.0 g/l Trace element solution (5314) 2.5 ml/l Agar 18.0 g/l Preparation: Oat flakes are cooked for 20 minutes, trace element solution and agar are added (in the case of non rolled oat flakes the suspension has to bee filtrated). Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.8 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy (e.g. SEM As liquid medium for metabolite production) Organisms: All Actinomycetes Trace element solution 5314 Name: Trace element solution 5314; 5314 Composition CaCl2 x H2O 3.0 g/l Fe-III-citrate 1.0 g/l MnSO4 0.2 g/l ZnCl2 0.1 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.025 g/l Sodium tetra borate 0.2 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.004 g/l Sodium molybdate 0.01 g/l Preparation: Use double destillated water. Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Trace element solution for different media Organisms:
19838	ISP 4			Name: ISP 4; DSM 547 Solution I: Difco soluble starch, 10.0 g. Make a paste of the starch with a small amount of cold distilled water and bring to a volume of 500 ml. Solution II: CaCO3 2.0 g K2HPO4 (anhydrous) 1.0 g MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g NaCl 1.0 g (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g Distilled water 500.0 ml Trace salt solution (see below) 1.0 ml The pH should be between 7.0 and 7.4. Do not adjust if it is within this range. Mix solutions I and II together. Add 20.0 g agar. Liquify agar by steaming at 100°C for 10 to 20 min. Trace element solution: FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.1 g ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.1 g Distilled water 100.0 ml
19838	ISP 5			Name: ISP 5 (5323) Composition L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l Glycerol 10.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l Salt solution (see preparation) 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 g/l Preparation: Salt solution 1.0 g FeSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g MnCl2 x 4 H2O 1.0 g ZNSO4 x 7 H2O in 100 ml water Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.2 Usage: Maintenance and taxonomy Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19838	ISP 6			Name: ISP 6 (5318) Composition Peptone 15.0 g/l Proteose peptose 5.0 g/l Ferric ammonium citrate 0.5 g/l Sodium glycerophosphate 1.0 g/l Sodium thiosulfate 0.08 g/l Yeast extract 1.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
19838	ISP 7			Name: ISP 7 (5322) Composition Glycerol 15.0 g/l L-Tyrosine 0.5 g/l L-Asparagine 1.0 g/l K2HPO4 0.5 g/l NaCl 0.5 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.01 g/l Trace element solution 5343 1.0 ml/l Agar 20.0 Sterilisation: 20 minutes at 121°C pH before sterilisation: 7.3 Usage: Production of melanoid pigments Organisms: All Actinomycetes
11342	ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84) Composition: Agar 20.0 g/l Rolled oats 20.0 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.001 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l Distilled water
11342	STARCH - MINERAL SALT - AGAR (STMS) (DSMZ Medium 252)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: STARCH - MINERAL SALT - AGAR (STMS) (DSMZ Medium 252) Composition: Agar 20.0 g/l Starch 10.0 g/l (NH4)2SO4 2.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l K2HPO4 1.0 g/l MgSO4 x 7 H2O 1.0 g/l NaCl 1.0 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.001 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l Distilled water

Culture temp

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Compound production

Observation

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	assimilation	from API 20E
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	+	degradation	from API 20E
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	+	degradation	from API 20E
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		from API 20E
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68368	arginine dihydrolase	+	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68368	gelatinase	+		from API 20E
68368	lysine decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
68368	tryptophan deaminase	+	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68368	urease	+	3.5.1.5	from API 20E

API 20E

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence U93330 (>99% sequence identity) for Kitasatospora phosalacinea from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	1
Soil Samples	65
Animal Samples	3
Plant Samples	15
Total Samples	84

Risk assessment

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
67770	ASM71654v1 assembly for Kitasatospora phosalacinea NRRL B-16230	contig	GCA_000716545	2065.4	2751185791	2065	31.1

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	K.phosalacinea 16S ribosomal RNA genes, partial cds	M55223	1457		2065
20218	Kitasatospora phosalacinea gene for 16S ribosomal RNA	AB022869	1516		2065
20218	Kitasatosporia phosalacinea JCM 3340 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	U93330	1475		2065
20218	Kitasatospora phosalacinea strain JCM 3340 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer, partial sequence	U93331	275		2065
20218	Streptomyces phosalacineus 16S rRNA gene, type strain LMG 20102	AJ781359	1469		2065
20218	Kitasatospora phosalacinea gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 14372	AB184596	1468		2065

GC content

Predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Enzymology	In vitro phosphinate methylation by PhpK from Kitasatospora phosalacinea.	Werner WJ, Allen KD, Hu K, Helms GL, Chen BS, Wang SC.	Biochemistry	10.1021/bi201220r	2011
Metabolism	Conserved biosynthetic pathways for phosalacine, bialaphos and newly discovered phosphonic acid natural products.	Blodgett JA, Zhang JK, Yu X, Metcalf WW.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.1038/ja.2015.77	2016
Metabolism	Isolation of beta-1,3-Glucanase-Producing Microorganisms from Poria cocos Cultivation Soil via Molecular Biology.	Wu Q, Dou X, Wang Q, Guan Z, Cai Y, Liao X.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules23071555	2018
	Genomic insights into an endophytic Streptomyces sp. VITGV156 for antimicrobial compounds.	Veilumuthu P, Nagarajan T, Magar S, Sundaresan S, Moses LJ, Theodore T, Christopher JG.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1407289	2024
Metabolism	Arsinothricin, an arsenic-containing non-proteinogenic amino acid analog of glutamate, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.	Nadar VS, Chen J, Dheeman DS, Galvan AE, Yoshinaga-Sakurai K, Kandavelu P, Sankaran B, Kuramata M, Ishikawa S, Rosen BP, Yoshinaga M, Yoshinaga M.	Commun Biol	10.1038/s42003-019-0365-y	2019
	Investigation of diverse biosynthetic secondary metabolites gene clusters using genome mining of indigenous Streptomyces strains isolated from saline soils in Iran.	Khoshakhlagh A, Aghaei SS, Abroun S, Soleimani M, Zolfaghari MR.	Iran J Microbiol	10.18502/ijm.v14i6.11263	2022
	Cobalamin-Dependent Radical S-Adenosylmethionine Enzymes: Capitalizing on Old Motifs for New Functions.	Bridwell-Rabb J, Li B, Drennan CL.	ACS Bio Med Chem Au	10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.1c00051	2022
Metabolism	Investigation of enzymatic C-P bond formation using multiple quantum HCP nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	Hu K, Werner WJ, Allen KD, Wang SC.	Magn Reson Chem	10.1002/mrc.4190	2015
Metabolism	Enhanced Solubilization of Class B Radical S-Adenosylmethionine Methylases by Improved Cobalamin Uptake in Escherichia coli.	Lanz ND, Blaszczyk AJ, McCarthy EL, Wang B, Wang RX, Jones BS, Booker SJ.	Biochemistry	10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01205	2018
Metabolism	Radical SAM-mediated methylation reactions.	Fujimori DG.	Curr Opin Chem Biol	10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.05.032	2013
Enzymology	Initial characterization of Fom3 from Streptomyces wedmorensis: The methyltransferase in fosfomycin biosynthesis.	Allen KD, Wang SC.	Arch Biochem Biophys	10.1016/j.abb.2013.12.004	2014
	Spectroscopic characterization and mechanistic investigation of P-methyl transfer by a radical SAM enzyme from the marine bacterium Shewanella denitrificans OS217.	Allen KD, Wang SC.	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.09.009	2014
Pathogenicity	Effects of Swine manure on macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B antimicrobial resistance in soils.	Zhou Z, Raskin L, Zilles JL.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02183-09	2010
Metabolism	Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü494.	Schwartz D, Berger S, Heinzelmann E, Muschko K, Welzel K, Wohlleben W.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.12.7093-7102.2004	2004
Enzymology	Phosphinothricin tripeptide synthetases in Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü494.	Schwartz D, Grammel N, Heinzelmann E, Keller U, Wohlleben W.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.11.4598-4607.2005	2005
Genetics	Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.	Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007	2018
Phylogeny	Phosalacine, a new herbicidal antibiotic containing phosphinothricin. Fermentation, isolation, biological activity and mechanism of action.	Omura S, Murata M, Hanaki H, Hinotozawa K, Oiwa R, Tanaka H	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.7164/antibiotics.37.829	1984
Phylogeny	Kitasatospora cheerisanensis sp. nov., a new species of the genus Kitasatospora that produces an antifungal agent.	Chung YR, Sung KC, Mo HK, Son DY, Nam JS, Chun J, Bae KS.	Int J Syst Bacteriol	10.1099/00207713-49-2-753	1999