Bacteroides fragilis (DSM 2151, ATCC 25285, JCM 11019)

Name: Bacteroides fragilis (DSM 2151, ATCC 25285, JCM 11019)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 1585

Type strain

Strain Designation EN-2, Onslow

Culture col. no. DSM 2151 ATCC 25285 JCM 11019 NCTC 9343 CCUG 4856 10 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 272559 817

Special Collections DSMZ CCUG JCM KCTC CIP

Links

Bacteroides fragilis EN-2 is an anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-negative human pathogen that was isolated from appendix abscess.

Gram-negative rod-shaped anaerobe mesophilic human pathogen genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 389404

LMG 10263,ATCC 25285,CCUG 4856,DSM 2151,LMG 11261,NCDO 2217,NCTC 9343,NBIMCC 8847,CCM 4712,CCUG 38583,JCM 11019,CIP 77.16,KCTC 2609,KCTC 5013,KCTC 3688,BCRC 10620,CCRC 10620,ACM 1145,ACM 4768,ACM 5196,CNCTC 5632,VTT E-022248

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 09:47:08

Domain Pseudomonadati

Phylum Bacteroidota

Class Bacteroidia

Order Bacteroidales

Family Bacteroidaceae

Genus Bacteroides

Species Bacteroides fragilis

Full scientific name Bacteroides fragilis (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980)

Synonyms (3)

"Bacteroides hominis"
"Bacillus fragilis"
Bacteroides hominis

BacDive ID	Other strains from **Bacteroides fragilis** (28)	Type strain
1584	B. fragilis LRA 048 07 85, CCUG 25931, DSM 1396, ATCC ...
1586	B. fragilis mprl 1839, MPRL 1839/MH3, DSM 9668
1587	B. fragilis mprl 1842, DSM 9669
1589	B. fragilis mprl 1843, DSM 9671
134478	B. fragilis HSP 40, CIP 104785, ATCC 51477, JCM 11017
136722	B. fragilis CIP pIP417
136849	B. fragilis CIP pIP419
136850	B. fragilis CIP pIP421
136938	B. fragilis 638R, CIP 108284
137572	B. fragilis BF8, CIP 108277
138258	B. fragilis 10010, CIP 105891, ATCC 43858
138259	B. fragilis CIP 105892, ATCC 43859
147853	B. fragilis CCUG 34384
147901	B. fragilis CCUG 34457
148540	B. fragilis CCUG 35615
148584	B. fragilis CCUG 35671
149129	B. fragilis CCUG 36902
149142	B. fragilis CCUG 36926
149442	B. fragilis CCUG 37758
153390	B. fragilis CCUG 49424
154543	B. fragilis CCUG 54315
158881	B. fragilis COR2-248-WT-1, DSM 103087
159983	B. fragilis 638R/pIP417(nimA), DSM 103646
159984	B. fragilis BF8, DSM 103647
162044	B. fragilis JCM 17585
162045	B. fragilis JCM 17586
162046	B. fragilis JCM 17587
174360	B. fragilis HM-216, 2/1/56, DSM 24895

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
119445	negative	rod-shaped
125438	negative		92.354
125439	negative		97.7

Colony morphology

@ref	Type of hemolysis	Hemolysis ability	Incubation period
979	alpha	1	1-2 days
119445		1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
979	FASTIDIOUS ANAEROBE BROTH (DSMZ Medium 1203a)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: FASTIDIOUS ANAEROBE BROTH (DSMZ Medium 1203a) Composition: Fastidious Anaerobe Basal Broth 35.4 g/l Distilled water
979	COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: COLUMBIA BLOOD MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 693) Composition: Defibrinated sheep blood 50.0 g/l Columbia agar base
979	CHOPPED MEAT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 78)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: CHOPPED MEAT MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 78) Composition: Ground beef 500.0 g/l Casitone 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Ethanol 9.5 g/l (optional) K2HPO4 5.0 g/l Yeast extract 5.0 g/l L-Cysteine HCl 0.5 g/l Haemin 0.005 g/l (optional) Resazurin 0.001 g/l Vitamin K3 0.0005 g/l (optional) Vitamin K1 (optional) NaOH (optional) Distilled water
41787	MEDIUM 20 - for Anaerobic bacteria		Agar (15.000 g);Glucose (5.000 g);Yeast extract (20.000 g);Tryptone (30.000 g);Cysteine hydrochloride (0.500 g);distilled water (1000.000 ml);Hemin solution -M00149 (25.000 ml)
119445	CIP Medium 20	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
979	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
41787	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
44796	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
67770	positive	growth	37	mesophilic

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
979	anaerobe
44796	anaerobe
119445	anaerobe
125439	obligate anaerobe	94.9

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		94

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
68380	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68367	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	fermentation	from API rID32A
68367	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
119445	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	hydrolysis
68367	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	hydrolysis	from API 20A
68367	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	-	hydrolysis	from API 20A
68367	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
119445	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
68367	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	29985 ChEBI	L-glutamate	+	degradation	from API rID32A
68367	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction	from API rID32A
119445	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
119445	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
119445	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
68380	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	fermentation	from API rID32A
68367	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 20A
68367	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	-	builds acid from	from API 20A
68380	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API rID32A
68367	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20A
68380	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API rID32A
68367	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20A

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API rID32A
119445	35581 ChEBI	indole
68367	35581 ChEBI	indole	from API 20A

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Indole test
68380	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API rID32A
68367	35581 ChEBI	indole	-	from API 20A

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68380	alanine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.2	from API rID32A
119445	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68380	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-arabinosidase	-	3.2.1.55	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	+	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68380	alpha-fucosidase	+	3.2.1.51	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68380	alpha-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.22	from API rID32A
68380	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API rID32A
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
119445	amylase	-
68380	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API rID32A
68382	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API zym
119445	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68380	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API rID32A
68380	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphate	-		from API rID32A
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68380	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API rID32A
68367	beta-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.21	from API 20A
68382	beta-glucuronidase	+	3.2.1.31	from API zym
119445	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
119445	catalase	-	1.11.1.6
68367	catalase	+	1.11.1.6	from API 20A
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
119445	DNase	-
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
119445	gelatinase	+
68367	gelatinase	-		from API 20A
68380	glutamate decarboxylase	+	4.1.1.15	from API rID32A
68380	glycin arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
119445	lecithinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68380	leucyl glycin arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	from API rID32A
119445	lipase	-
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
119445	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68380	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	+	3.2.1.52	from API rID32A
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
119445	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
119445	oxidase	-
68380	proline-arylamidase	-	3.4.11.5	from API rID32A
119445	protease	-
68380	pyrrolidonyl arylamidase	-	3.4.19.3	from API rID32A
68380	serine arylamidase	-		from API rID32A
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
68380	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	from API rID32A
119445	tween esterase	-
119445	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68380	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API rID32A
68367	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20A
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	vitamin K metabolism	100	5 of 5
66794	glycogen metabolism	100	5 of 5
66794	d-mannose degradation	100	9 of 9
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	ethanol fermentation	100	2 of 2
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	starch degradation	100	10 of 10
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	acetate fermentation	100	4 of 4
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	teichoic acid biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	gluconeogenesis	100	8 of 8
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	100	8 of 8
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	92.86	13 of 14
66794	propionate fermentation	90	9 of 10
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	valine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	isoleucine metabolism	87.5	7 of 8
66794	propanol degradation	85.71	6 of 7
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	84.62	11 of 13
66794	NAD metabolism	83.33	15 of 18
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	81.82	9 of 11
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	81.82	9 of 11
66794	flavin biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	80	36 of 45
66794	O-antigen biosynthesis	80	4 of 5
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	80	4 of 5
66794	cellulose degradation	80	4 of 5
66794	threonine metabolism	80	8 of 10
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	80	4 of 5
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	alanine metabolism	79.31	23 of 29
66794	photosynthesis	78.57	11 of 14
66794	serine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	purine metabolism	77.66	73 of 94
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	76.92	10 of 13
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	76.47	26 of 34
66794	glycolysis	76.47	13 of 17
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	histidine metabolism	72.41	21 of 29
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
66794	citric acid cycle	71.43	10 of 14
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	70	7 of 10
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	67.86	19 of 28
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	non-pathway related	65.79	25 of 38
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	65.38	17 of 26
66794	d-xylose degradation	63.64	7 of 11
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	leucine metabolism	61.54	8 of 13
66794	degradation of hexoses	61.11	11 of 18
66794	hydrogen production	60	3 of 5
66794	lysine metabolism	59.52	25 of 42
66794	heme metabolism	57.14	8 of 14
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	57.14	4 of 7
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	56.25	9 of 16
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	55.56	5 of 9
66794	proline metabolism	54.55	6 of 11
66794	methionine metabolism	53.85	14 of 26
66794	degradation of pentoses	53.57	15 of 28
66794	butanoate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	50	4 of 8
66794	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	aminopropanol phosphate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	50	5 of 10
66794	tryptophan metabolism	50	19 of 38
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
66794	toluene degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	arginine metabolism	45.83	11 of 24
66794	lipid metabolism	45.16	14 of 31
66794	cysteine metabolism	44.44	8 of 18
66794	polyamine pathway	43.48	10 of 23
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	42.86	39 of 91
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	42.86	3 of 7
66794	tyrosine metabolism	42.86	6 of 14
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	41.67	5 of 12
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	glycine metabolism	40	4 of 10
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
66794	urea cycle	38.46	5 of 13
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	38.46	5 of 13
66794	sulfate reduction	38.46	5 of 13
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	37.5	6 of 16
66794	ascorbate metabolism	36.36	8 of 22
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	36.36	4 of 11
66794	degradation of sugar acids	36	9 of 25
66794	glutathione metabolism	35.71	5 of 14
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	33.33	2 of 6
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	nitrate assimilation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	27.78	5 of 18
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	catecholamine biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	23.08	3 of 13

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
119445	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	+

API 20A

@ref	IND	URE	GLU	MAN	LAC	SAC	MAL	SAL	XYL	ARA	GEL	ESC	GLY	CEL	MNE	MLZ	RAF	SOR	RHA	TRE	CAT	Spores presentSPOR	GramGRAM	Morphology coccus="+" rod="-"COCC
979	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.
979	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API rID32A

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+/-	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+/-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Host Body-Site	#Gastrointestinal tract	#Large intestine
#Host Body-Site	#Other	#Abscess

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
979	appendix abscess	United Kingdom	GBR	Europe
44796	Appendix abscess
67770	Appendix abscess
119445	Human, Appendix	United Kingdom	GBR	Europe

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X83935 (>99% sequence identity) for Bacteroides fragilis subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	7159
Soil Samples	2825
Animal Samples	211201
Plant Samples	810
Total Samples	221995

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Pathogenicity human	Pathogenicity animal	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
979			2	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
119445			2	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	Bacteroides fragilis strain FDAARGOS_1512	complete		817.1960		817	99.18
66792	Bacteroides fragilis strain FDAARGOS_1512	complete		817.1893		817	99.18
66792	Bacteroides fragilis strain FDAARGOS_1512	complete		817.1923		817	99.18
66792	ASM2598v1 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343	complete	GCA_000025985	272559.17	637000024	272559	98.9
67770	ASM570665v1 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis CCUG 4856	complete	GCA_005706655	817.1270	8111693401	817	98.87
124043	ASM2009727v1 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis FDAARGOS_1512	complete	GCA_020097275	817.1884		817	98.85
66792	53750_A01 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343	contig	GCA_900445515	817.356	2916283602	272559	78.44
66792	ASM199732v1 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285	scaffold	GCA_001997325	817.168	8117000045	817	67.5
66792	SRR1027519 assembly for Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343	contig	GCA_900227845	272559.47		272559

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Bacteroides fragilis gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence	AB050106	1404	817
20218	Bacteroides fragilis 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer region, partial sequence	AF172709	481	817
20218	Bacteroides fragilis ATCC:25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; 16S-23S ribosomal intergenic spacer, complete sequence; and 23S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	FJ410381	3379	817
20218	Bacteroides fragilis partial 16S rRNA gene, strain ATCC 25285	FM207089	382	817
20218	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HM353002	383	817
20218	Bacteroides fragilis strain DSM 2151 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	HQ012027	933	817
20218	B.fragilis 16S rRNA (ATCC 25285T)	X83935	1436	817
67770	Bacteroides fragilis gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 11019	AB510701	1490	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352986	380	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352987	381	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352988	380	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352989	383	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352990	380	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352991	381	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352992	380	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352993	382	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352994	381	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352995	383	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352996	382	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352997	382	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352998	383	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM352999	381	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM353000	382	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	HM353001	382	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KP326370	1548	1352
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KP326371	1574	1582
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KP326372	1537	391904
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KP326373	1518	195103
124043	Bacteroides fragilis strain ATCC 25285 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	KP326374	1533	817
124043	Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	PQ757281	1529	272559

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
979	42.0
979	43.1	sequence analysis
67770	42	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 strain ATCC 25285
PATRIC: 272559.17

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	94.00	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	64.60	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	97.70	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate anaerobe	94.90	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 NCTC 9343
NCBI: GCA_000025985.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	92.35	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	77.88	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	85.74	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	88.92	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.03	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	88.00	no

Literature

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	Bacteroidota inhibit microglia clearance of amyloid-beta and promote plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease mouse models.	Wasen C, Beauchamp LC, Vincentini J, Li S, LeServe DS, Gauthier C, Lopes JR, Moreira TG, Ekwudo MN, Yin Z, da Silva P, Krishnan RK, Butovsky O, Cox LM, Weiner HL.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-024-47683-w	2024
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	Bioinformatics analysis of myelin-microbe interactions suggests multiple types of molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.	Bigdeli A, Ghaderi-Zefrehei M, Lesch BJ, Behmanesh M, Arab SS.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0308817	2024
	Bacteroides is increased in an autism cohort and induces autism-relevant behavioral changes in mice in a sex-dependent manner.	Carmel J, Ghanayem N, Mayouf R, Saleev N, Chaterjee I, Getselter D, Tikhonov E, Turjeman S, Shaalan M, Khateeb S, Kuzminsky A, Kvetniy-Ferdman N, Kronos T, Bretler-Zager T, Koren O, Elliott E.	NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes	10.1038/s41522-023-00469-2	2023
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	Identification and Characterization of a Novel Species of Genus Akkermansia with Metabolic Health Effects in a Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model.	Kumar R, Kane H, Wang Q, Hibberd A, Jensen HM, Kim HS, Bak SY, Auzanneau I, Bry S, Christensen N, Friedman A, Rasinkangas P, Ouwehand AC, Forssten SD, Hasselwander O.	Cells	10.3390/cells11132084	2022
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	MicroRNA-based host response to toxicant exposure is influenced by the presence of gut microbial populations.	Williams MR, Stedtfeld RD, Stedtfeld TM, Crawford RB, Kuwahara T, Kaminski NE, Tiedje JM, Hashsham SA.	Sci Total Environ	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149130	2021
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	How microbial glycosyl hydrolase activity in the gut mucosa initiates microbial cross-feeding.	Berkhout MD, Plugge CM, Belzer C.	Glycobiology	10.1093/glycob/cwab105	2022
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	The presence of bacteria varies between colorectal adenocarcinomas, precursor lesions and non-malignant tissue.	Bundgaard-Nielsen C, Baandrup UT, Nielsen LP, Sorensen S.	BMC Cancer	10.1186/s12885-019-5571-y	2019
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Pathogenicity	Effect of Soy Isoflavones on Growth of Representative Bacterial Species from the Human Gut.	Vazquez L, Florez AB, Guadamuro L, Mayo B.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu9070727	2017
Metabolism	Bacterial immunogenic alpha-galactosylceramide identified in the murine large intestine: dependency on diet and inflammation.	von Gerichten J, Lamprecht D, Opalka L, Soulard D, Marsching C, Pilz R, Sencio V, Herzer S, Galy B, Nordstrom V, Hopf C, Grone HJ, Trottein F, Sandhoff R.	J Lipid Res	10.1194/jlr.ra119000236	2019
Pathogenicity	Modulatory Influence of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria on Transcriptomic Response of Gnotobiotic Mice Exposed to TCDD.	Stedtfeld RD, Chai B, Crawford RB, Stedtfeld TM, Williams MR, Xiangwen S, Kuwahara T, Cole JR, Kaminski NE, Tiedje JM, Hashsham SA.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01708	2017
	A Bacteriophage Cocktail Significantly Reduces Listeria monocytogenes without Deleterious Impact on the Commensal Gut Microbiota under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions.	Jakobsen RR, Trinh JT, Bomholtz L, Brok-Lauridsen SK, Sulakvelidze A, Nielsen DS.	Viruses	10.3390/v14020190	2022
	Dominant Bacterial Phyla from the Human Gut Show Widespread Ability To Transform and Conjugate Bile Acids.	Lucas LN, Barrett K, Kerby RL, Zhang Q, Cattaneo LE, Stevenson D, Rey FE, Amador-Noguez D.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.00805-21	2021
	Characterization of inositol lipid metabolism in gut-associated Bacteroidetes.	Heaver SL, Le HH, Tang P, Basle A, Mirretta Barone C, Vu DL, Waters JL, Marles-Wright J, Johnson EL, Campopiano DJ, Ley RE.	Nat Microbiol	10.1038/s41564-022-01152-6	2022
Metabolism	Diastereomer-specific quantification of bioactive hexosylceramides from bacteria and mammals.	von Gerichten J, Schlosser K, Lamprecht D, Morace I, Eckhardt M, Wachten D, Jennemann R, Grone HJ, Mack M, Sandhoff R.	J Lipid Res	10.1194/jlr.d076190	2017
Metabolism	Interactions between Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides species in cofermentations are affected by carbon sources, including exopolysaccharides produced by bifidobacteria.	Rios-Covian D, Arboleya S, Hernandez-Barranco AM, Alvarez-Buylla JR, Ruas-Madiedo P, Gueimonde M, de los Reyes-Gavilan CG.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02545-13	2013
Metabolism	Microbial short-chain fatty acids modulate CD8⁺ T cell responses and improve adoptive immunotherapy for cancer.	Luu M, Riester Z, Baldrich A, Reichardt N, Yuille S, Busetti A, Klein M, Wempe A, Leister H, Raifer H, Picard F, Muhammad K, Ohl K, Romero R, Fischer F, Bauer CA, Huber M, Gress TM, Lauth M, Danhof S, Bopp T, Nerreter T, Mulder IE, Steinhoff U, Hudecek M, Visekruna A.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-021-24331-1	2021
	Selection of a novel strain of Christensenella minuta as a future biotherapy for Crohn's disease.	Relizani K, Le Corf K, Kropp C, Martin-Rosique R, Kissi D, Dejean G, Bruno L, Martinez C, Rawadi G, Elustondo F, Mazier W, Claus SP.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-10015-3	2022
Enzymology	A New Strain of Christensenella minuta as a Potential Biotherapy for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases.	Mazier W, Le Corf K, Martinez C, Tudela H, Kissi D, Kropp C, Coubard C, Soto M, Elustondo F, Rawadi G, Claus SP.	Cells	10.3390/cells10040823	2021
	A bacteriophage cocktail targeting Escherichia coli reduces E. coli in simulated gut conditions, while preserving a non-targeted representative commensal normal microbiota.	Cieplak T, Soffer N, Sulakvelidze A, Nielsen DS.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2018.1447291	2018
Metabolism	SIMMER employs similarity algorithms to accurately identify human gut microbiome species and enzymes capable of known chemical transformations.	Bustion AE, Nayak RR, Agrawal A, Turnbaugh PJ, Pollard KS.	Elife	10.7554/elife.82401	2023
	Three-Month Feeding Integration With Bifidobacterium Strains Prevents Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Newborns.	Aloisio I, Prodam F, Giglione E, Bozzi Cionci N, Solito A, Bellone S, Baffoni L, Mogna L, Pane M, Bona G, Di Gioia D.	Front Nutr	10.3389/fnut.2018.00039	2018
Genetics	Metagenomics-Based Proficiency Test of Smoked Salmon Spiked with a Mock Community.	Sala C, Mordhorst H, Grutzke J, Brinkmann A, Petersen TN, Poulsen C, Cotter PD, Crispie F, Ellis RJ, Castellani G, Amid C, Hakhverdyan M, Guyader SL, Manfreda G, Mossong J, Nitsche A, Ragimbeau C, Schaeffer J, Schlundt J, Tay MYF, Aarestrup FM, Hendriksen RS, Pamp SJ, De Cesare A.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8121861	2020
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	DNA enrichment and tagmentation method for species-level identification and strain-level differentiation using ON-rep-seq.	Krych L, Castro-Mejia JL, Forero-Junco LM, Moesby DN, Mikkelsen MB, Rasmussen MA, Sykulski M, Nielsen DS.	Commun Biol	10.1038/s42003-019-0617-x	2019
	Microbiota-derived 3-IAA influences chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer.	Tintelnot J, Xu Y, Lesker TR, Schonlein M, Konczalla L, Giannou AD, Pelczar P, Kylies D, Puelles VG, Bielecka AA, Peschka M, Cortesi F, Riecken K, Jung M, Amend L, Broring TS, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Siveke JT, Renne T, Zhang D, Boeck S, Strowig T, Uzunoglu FG, Gungor C, Stein A, Izbicki JR, Bokemeyer C, Sinn M, Kimmelman AC, Huber S, Gagliani N.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-023-05728-y	2023
Pathogenicity	Novel Odoribacter splanchnicus Strain and Its Outer Membrane Vesicles Exert Immunoregulatory Effects in vitro.	Hiippala K, Barreto G, Burrello C, Diaz-Basabe A, Suutarinen M, Kainulainen V, Bowers JR, Lemmer D, Engelthaler DM, Eklund KK, Facciotti F, Satokari R.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.575455	2020
Metabolism	Polysaccharide utilization loci in Bacteroides determine population fitness and community-level interactions.	Feng J, Qian Y, Zhou Z, Ertmer S, Vivas EI, Lan F, Hamilton JJ, Rey FE, Anantharaman K, Venturelli OS.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.006	2022
Enzymology	Variations of bacterial populations in human feces measured by fluorescent in situ hybridization with group-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes.	Franks AH, Harmsen HJ, Raangs GC, Jansen GJ, Schut F, Welling GW.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.64.9.3336-3345.1998	1998
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Metabolism	Recurrent neural networks enable design of multifunctional synthetic human gut microbiome dynamics.	Baranwal M, Clark RL, Thompson J, Sun Z, Hero AO, Venturelli OS.	Elife	10.7554/elife.73870	2022
Metabolism	Methotrexate impacts conserved pathways in diverse human gut bacteria leading to decreased host immune activation.	Nayak RR, Alexander M, Deshpande I, Stapleton-Gray K, Rimal B, Patterson AD, Ubeda C, Scher JU, Turnbaugh PJ.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.008	2021
	Akkermansia muciniphila Adheres to Enterocytes and Strengthens the Integrity of the Epithelial Cell Layer.	Reunanen J, Kainulainen V, Huuskonen L, Ottman N, Belzer C, Huhtinen H, de Vos WM, Satokari R.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.04050-14	2015
Metabolism	Weak Agonistic LPS Restores Intestinal Immune Homeostasis.	Steimle A, Michaelis L, Di Lorenzo F, Kliem T, Munzner T, Maerz JK, Schafer A, Lange A, Parusel R, Gronbach K, Fuchs K, Silipo A, Oz HH, Pichler BJ, Autenrieth IB, Molinaro A, Frick JS.	Mol Ther	10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.07.007	2019
Phylogeny	Different fecal microbiotas and volatile organic compounds in treated and untreated children with celiac disease.	Di Cagno R, Rizzello CG, Gagliardi F, Ricciuti P, Ndagijimana M, Francavilla R, Guerzoni ME, Crecchio C, Gobbetti M, De Angelis M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02793-08	2009
Metabolism	Effect of antibiotic treatment on fat absorption in mice with cystic fibrosis.	Wouthuyzen-Bakker M, Bijvelds MJ, de Jonge HR, De Lisle RC, Burgerhof JG, Verkade HJ.	Pediatr Res	10.1038/pr.2011.4	2012
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Metabolism	Quantification of the flavonoid-degrading bacterium Eubacterium ramulus in human fecal samples with a species-specific oligonucleotide hybridization probe.	Simmering R, Kleessen B, Blaut M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.65.8.3705-3709.1999	1999
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Pathogenicity	Cultured bacteria isolated from primary sclerosing cholangitis patient bile induce inflammation and cell death.	Powell CE, McCurry MD, Quevedo SF, Ventura L, Krishnan K, Dave M, Mahmood SD, Specht K, Bordia R, Sargen MR, Pratt DS, Korzenik JR, Devlin AS.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.00550-25	2025
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	STITCH enabled molecular interaction of glycrhizzin with peri-implant microbiota.	Selladurai K, Selvaganesh S, Veeraraghavan VP, Nesappan T, Eswaramoorthy R.	Bioinformation	10.6026/97320630019499	2023
	STITCH enabled protein-protein interactions between Phyllanthus emblica and peri-implant microbiome.	Selladurai K, Rohinikumar S, Rajendra Prabu A, Veeraraghavan VP, Nesappan T, Eswaramoorthy R.	Bioinformation	10.6026/97320630019491	2023
	Heterocyclic Antidepressants with Antimicrobial and Fungicide Activity.	Zolotareva D, Zazybin A, Belyankova Y, Bayazit S, Dauletbakov A, Seilkhanov T, Kemelbekov U, Aydemir M.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules30051102	2025
	Exo- and Endo-1,5-alpha-L-Arabinanases and Prebiotic Arabino-Oligosaccharides Production.	Ju YR, Im SB, Jung DE, Son MJ, Park CY, Jeon MH, Hwang JH, Lee SJ, Kim TJ.	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.2412.12052	2025
	Unlocking the therapeutic potential of Saussurea costus: purification and functional characterization of alpha-amylase inhibitors.	Ben Abdelmalek I, Alhmdi TAA, Ben Bacha A, Krayem N.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2025.1535751	2025
Cultivation	Comparison and evaluation of neutralization of clinically frequently used antimicrobial agents using three different culture media in simulated blood cultures.	Hang Y, Xiong J, Hu L, Chen Y, Zou S, Fang X, Xiao Y, Cao X, Lou H, Li X, Liu Y, Zhong Q.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00979-24	2024
	Eubacterium callanderi bacteremia: A case report.	Zhou C, Schwee C, Matovu RE, Wiley JD, Wiley MR, Berning BJ, Iwen PC, Fey PD.	IDCases	10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01989	2024
	Environmental factors drive bacterial degradation of gastrointestinal mucus.	Arias SL, van Wijngaarden EW, Balint D, Jones J, Crawford CC, Shukla PJ, Silberstein M, Brito IL.	NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes	10.1038/s41522-025-00741-7	2025
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	Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis: Lessons Learnt.	Jha L, Y BL, Ragupathi NKD, Veeraraghavan B, Prakash JAJ.	Cureus	10.7759/cureus.36268	2023
	Impact of gut microbiome on radiotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer: role of propionic acid and B. fragilis.	Yu L, Guo Q, Gu X, Wang Z, Li J, Wang X, Xu Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Chen Z, Chen K, Ding Y.	Br J Cancer	10.1038/s41416-025-03105-2	2025
	An Investigation into the Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Irish Pig Abattoirs and Pork Meat Products as a Potential Source of Human Infection.	Doyle A, Rogers TR, Bolton D, Burgess CM, Whyte P, Frias J, Fanning S, McElroy MC.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics14020151	2025
	Bacteroides Fragilis Exacerbates T2D Vascular Calcification by Secreting Extracellular Vesicles to Induce M2 Macrophages.	Chen C, Liang Z, He Y, Gao Y, Ouyang S, Wang L, Liu J, Cao J.	Adv Sci (Weinh)	10.1002/advs.202410495	2025
	Prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in surgical site infections in Lagos University Teaching Hospital.	Chukwuma ST, Balogun OS, Oduyebo OO, Oshun PO, Osuagwu CS, Rotimi VO.	J West Afr Coll Surg	10.4103/jwas.jwas_91_23	2024
Metabolism	Bacteroides fragilis aggravates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism and remodeling gut microbiota.	Huang Y, Cao J, Zhu M, Wang Z, Jin Z, Xiong Z.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.03393-23	2024
	Targeting Acne: Development of Monensin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers	Abid F, Kim S, Savaliya B, Cesari L, Amirmostofian M, Abdella S, Trott D, Page S, Garg S.	Int J Nanomedicine		2025
	Development and Validation of a Novel Anaerobic Carbapenem Inactivation Method (Ana-CIM) for the Detection of Carbapenemase Production in Bacteroides fragilis.	Eberly AR, Wallace MA, Shannon S, Heitman AK, Schuetz AN, Burnham CD, Jean S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02188-21	2022
	Protective effects of a new generation of probiotic Bacteroides fragilis against colitis in vivo and in vitro	He Q, Niu M, Bi J, Du N, Liu S, Yang K, Li H, Yao J, Du Y, Duan Y.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-023-42481-8	2023
Pathogenicity	Microbiota enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-secreted BFT-1 promotes breast cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance through its functional receptor NOD1.	Ma W, Zhang L, Chen W, Chang Z, Tu J, Qin Y, Yao Y, Dong M, Ding J, Li S, Li F, Deng Q, Yang Y, Feng T, Zhang F, Shao X, He X, Zhang L, Hu G, Liu Q, Jiang YZ, Zhu S, Xiao Z, Su D, Liu T, Liu S.	Protein Cell	10.1093/procel/pwae005	2024
	Bacteroides fragilis derived metabolites, identified by molecular networking, decrease Salmonella virulence in mice model.	Gautier T, Oliviero N, Ferron S, Le Pogam P, David-Le Gall S, Sauvager A, Leroyer P, Cannie I, Dion S, Sweidan A, Loreal O, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1023315	2022
	Silver and Copper Complexes with Ibuprofen and Caffeine-Preparation and Evaluation of Their Selected Biological Effects.	Borowka A, Sieroslawska A, Baier A, Rymuszka A, Olszewska E.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules29020506	2024
Biotechnology	Nanotherapy for Cancer and Biological Activities of Green Synthesized AgNPs Using Aqueous Saussurea costus Leaves and Roots Extracts.	Almayouf MA, Charguia R, Awad MA, Ben Bacha A, Ben Abdelmalek I.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph17101371	2024
	Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of clinically relevant Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Parabacteroides and Prevotella species, isolated by eight laboratories in the Netherlands.	Boiten KE, Notermans DW, Rentenaar RJ, van Prehn J, Bode LGM, Maat I, van der Zwet W, Jansz A, Siebers TJH, Rossen JWA, de Greeff SC, Hendrickx APA, Kuijper EJ, Veloo ACM.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkae043	2024
	Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Anaerobe Clinical Isolates in Southeast Austria: Bacteroides fragilis Group Is on the Fast Track to Resistance.	Konig E, Ziegler HP, Tribus J, Grisold AJ, Feierl G, Leitner E.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10050479	2021
Pathogenicity	In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Aztreonam-Avibactam against 341 Recent Clinical Isolates of Anaerobes.	Snydman DR, McDermott L.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01908-21	2021
	Vaginal Prevotella timonensis Bacteria Enhance HIV-1 Uptake and Differentially Affect Transmission by Distinct Primary Dendritic Cell Subsets.	van Smoorenburg MY, Remmerswaal EBM, Segui-Perez C, van Hamme JL, Strijbis K, Geijtenbeek TBH.	Eur J Immunol	10.1002/eji.202451192	2025
Proteome	Revealing Glycosylation Patterns in In Vitro-Produced Mucus Exposed to Pasteurized Mucus-Associated Intestinal Microbes by MALDI-TOF-MS and PGC-LC-MS/MS.	de Ram C, van der Lugt B, Elzinga J, Geerlings S, Steegenga WT, Belzer C, Schols HA.	J Agric Food Chem	10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01401	2024
	Potential in vitro anti-periodontopathogenic, anti-Chikungunya activities and in vivo toxicity of Brazilian red propolis.	Silva NBS, de Souza JH, Santiago MB, da Silva Aguiar JR, Martins DOS, da Silva RA, de Andrade Santos I, Aldana-Mejia JA, Jardim ACG, Dos Santos Pedroso R, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RCS, Bastos JK, Pires RH, Martins CHG.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-24776-4	2022
	Controlled-release iodine foam dressings demonstrate broad-spectrum biofilm management in several in vitro models.	Salisbury AM, Mullin M, Foulkes L, Chen R, Percival SL.	Int Wound J	10.1111/iwj.13773	2022
	Bacteroides expand the functional versatility of a conserved transcription factor and transcribed DNA to program capsule diversity.	Saba J, Flores K, Marshall B, Engstrom MD, Peng Y, Garje AS, Comstock LE, Landick R.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-024-55215-9	2024
	Bacteroides fragilis participates in the therapeutic effect of methotrexate on arthritis through metabolite regulation.	Zhou B, Dong C, Zhao B, Lin K, Tian Y, Zhang R, Zhu L, Xu H, Yang L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1015130	2022
	Dissecting Gut-Microbial Community Interactions using a Gut Microbiome-on-a-Chip.	Lee J, Menon N, Lim CT.	Adv Sci (Weinh)	10.1002/advs.202302113	2024
	Serum Levels of IFABP2 and Differences in Lactobacillus and Porphyromonas gingivalis Abundance on Gut Microbiota Are Associated with Poor Therapeutic Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study.	Zaragoza-Garcia O, Castro-Alarcon N, Perez-Rubio G, Falfan-Valencia R, Briceno O, Navarro-Zarza JE, Parra-Rojas I, Tello M, Guzman-Guzman IP.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms24031958	2023
	Akkermansia muciniphila identified as key strain to alleviate gut barrier injury through Wnt signaling pathway.	Ma X, Li M, Zhang Y, Xu T, Zhou X, Qian M, Yang Z, Han X.	Elife	10.7554/elife.92906	2025
	In Vitro Effect of 5-Nitroimidazole Drugs against Trichomonas vaginalis Clinical Isolates.	Mtshali A, Ngcapu S, Govender K, Sturm AW, Moodley P, Joubert BC.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00912-22	2022
	Rapid high-throughput processing of tissue samples for microbiological diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections using bead-beating homogenization.	Jazmati N, Liebold C, Offerhaus C, Volkenand A, Grote S, Popsel J, Korber-Irrgang B, Hoppe T, Wisplinghoff H.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01486-23	2024
	Eco friendly silver nanoparticles synthesis by Brassica oleracea and its antibacterial, anticancer and antioxidant properties.	Ansar S, Tabassum H, Aladwan NSM, Naiman Ali M, Almaarik B, AlMahrouqi S, Abudawood M, Banu N, Alsubki R.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-74371-8	2020
Genetics	Genomic islands and molecular mechanisms relating to drug-resistance in Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile PCR ribotype 176.	Krutova M, Kovarovic V, Brajerova M, Demay F, Zikova J, Prasad S, Soltesova A, Novakova E, Pituch H, Kuijper E, Smits WK, Novotna GB.	Emerg Microbes Infect	10.1080/22221751.2025.2482698	2025
Transcriptome	Multi-Omics Analysis After Vaginal Administration of Bacteroides fragilis in Chickens.	Chen L, Yang M, Zhu W, Su Y, Li D, Wang T.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.846011	2022
Metabolism	Quantification of hydrogen production by intestinal bacteria that are specifically dysregulated in Parkinson's disease.	Suzuki A, Ito M, Hamaguchi T, Mori H, Takeda Y, Baba R, Watanabe T, Kurokawa K, Asakawa S, Hirayama M, Ohno K.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0208313	2018
	Antimicrobial effect of probiotic bacteriocins on Streptococcus mutans biofilm in a dynamic oral flow chamber model - an in vitro study.	Reichardt E, Shyp V, Alig L, Verna C, Kulik EM, Bornstein MM.	J Oral Microbiol	10.1080/20002297.2024.2304971	2024
	Bacteroides fragilis Supplementation Deteriorated Metabolic Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Aorta Atherosclerosis by Inducing Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Animal Model.	Shi G, Lin Y, Wu Y, Zhou J, Cao L, Chen J, Li Y, Tan N, Zhong S.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu14112199	2022
	In vitro activity of sulopenem and comparator agents against Enterobacterales and anaerobic clinical isolates collected during the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program.	Maher JM, Huband MD, Blankers CG, Puttagunta S, Aronin SI, Castanheira M.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkad099	2023
	Newly emerging metronidazole-resistant Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype 955 identified in Poland, 2021 to 2023 but not in Czechia, 2012 to 2023 and Slovakia, 2015 to 2023.	Zikova J, Szarek K, Kabala M, Wultanska D, Frankowska N, Iwanicki A, Hinc K, Mucha A, Komarnicka J, Jagielska A, Kuijper E, Krutova M, Pituch H.	Euro Surveill	10.2807/1560-7917.es.2025.30.21.2400675	2025
	Chylomicron Characteristics Are Associated With Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein in an Animal Model of Diet-Induced Dysbiosis.	Olano C, Farina G, Wiszniewski M, Medel J, Morales C, Friedman S, Macri V, Barchuk M, Berg G, Schreier L, Zago V.	J Lipid Atheroscler	10.12997/jla.2025.14.1.106	2025
	Antimicrobial Effects of Sophora flavescens Alkaloids on Metronidazole-Resistant Gardnerella vaginalis in Planktonic and Biofilm Conditions.	Fan L, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Bai H.	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-023-03378-x	2023
	Effects of Betaine and Polydextrose on Intestinal Microbiota and Liver Ergothioneine in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Mouse Model and a Human Colonic Simulation Model.	Saarinen MT, Forssten SD, Evans K, Airaksinen K, Telving R, Hornshoj BH, Jensen HM, Jokkala J, Hanhineva K, Tiihonen K.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu17010109	2024
Genetics	A metagenomics pipeline reveals insertion sequence-driven evolution of the microbiota.	Kirsch JM, Hryckowian AJ, Duerkop BA.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2024.03.005	2024
	Clinico-microbiological profile of Bacteroides fragilis with focus on molecular detection of emerging resistance.	Gupta A, Shenoy PA, Kumar A, Chawla K.	Indian J Med Res	10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2568_19	2021
	Hormonal drugs: Influence on growth, biofilm formation, and adherence of selected gut microbiota.	Hammouda ZK, Wasfi R, Abdeltawab NF.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2023.1147585	2023
	Prevotella timonensis Bacteria Associated With Vaginal Dysbiosis Enhance Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Susceptibility Of Vaginal CD4+ T Cells.	van Teijlingen NH, van Smoorenburg MY, Sarrami-Forooshani R, Zijlstra-Willems EM, van Hamme JL, Borgdorff H, van de Wijgert JHHM, van Leeuwen E, van der Post JAM, Strijbis K, Ribeiro CMS, Geijtenbeek TBH.	J Infect Dis	10.1093/infdis/jiae166	2024
	The Glycopeptide PV-PS A1 Immunogen Elicits Both CD4+ and CD8+ Responses.	Nishat S, Hossain MK, Valentin G, Hossain F, Gamage S, Wall KA, Andreana PR.	Vaccines (Basel)	10.3390/vaccines12121375	2024
	Modulation of Iron Import and Metronidazole Resistance in Bacteroides fragilis Harboring a nimA Gene.	Paunkov A, Soki J, Leitsch D.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.898453	2022
	Rifaximin resistance in Clostridioides difficile is associated with specific rpoB alleles and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) clades.	Schwanbeck J, Laukien F, Riedel T, Bunk B, Halama P, Sproer C, Overmann J, Cooper P, Kusumawati RL, Gross U, Bohne W, Zautner AE.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-025-04164-4	2025
	Roving methyltransferases generate a mosaic epigenetic landscape and influence evolution in Bacteroides fragilis group.	Tisza MJ, Smith DDN, Clark AE, Youn JH, NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Khil PP, Dekker JP.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-39892-6	2023
	New functions of pirin proteins and a 2-ketoglutarate: Ferredoxin oxidoreductase ortholog in Bacteroides fragilis metabolism and their impact on antimicrobial susceptibility to metronidazole and amixicile.	Gough AM, Parker AC, O'Bryan PJ, Whitehead TR, Roy S, Garcia BL, Hoffman PS, Jeffrey Smith C, Rocha ER.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.1429	2024
	Comparison of Phenotypic and Genotypic Patterns of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteroides fragilis Group Isolated from Healthy Individuals in Vietnam and Japan.	Vu H, Hayashi M, Nguyen TN, Khong DT, Tran HT, Yamamoto Y, Tanaka K.	Infect Drug Resist	10.2147/idr.s341571	2021
	In Vitro Activity of Tedizolid Compared to Linezolid and Five Other Antimicrobial Agents against 332 Anaerobic Isolates, Including Bacteroides fragilis Group, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Veillonella Species.	Goldstein EJC, Merriam CV, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01088-20	2020
Genetics	Comparative Genomics of Bacteroides fragilis Group Isolates Reveals Species-Dependent Resistance Mechanisms and Validates Clinical Tools for Resistance Prediction.	Wallace MJ, Jean S, Wallace MA, Burnham CD, Dantas G.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.03603-21	2022
	Anaerobic infections in patients admitted in various surgical units of a tertiary care hospital of north India: neglected but important.	Singh C, Sood A, Bala K, Tandup C, Ray P, Angrup A.	Iran J Microbiol	10.18502/ijm.v13i3.6387	2021
	Amidinoquinoxaline N-oxides: synthesis and activity against anaerobic bacteria.	Gruber N, Fernandez-Canigia L, Kilimciler NB, Stipa P, Bisceglia JA, Garcia MB, Gonzalez Maglio DH, Paz ML, Orelli LR.	RSC Adv	10.1039/d3ra01184d	2023
	Evaluation of the microbiota-sparing properties of the anti-staphylococcal antibiotic afabicin.	Nowakowska J, Cameron DR, De Martino A, Kuhn J, Le Fresne-Languille S, Leuillet S, Amouzou Y, Wittke F, Carton T, Le Vacon F, Chaves RL, Nicolas-Metral V, Vuagniaux G.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkad181	2023
Pathogenicity	The Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on the Potential Function of Probiotics.	Guo X, Yang X, Li Q, Shen X, Zhong H, Yang Y.	Front Pharmacol	10.3389/fphar.2021.759095	2021
Pathogenicity	Quantifying the varying harvest of fermentation products from the human gut microbiota.	Arnoldini M, Sharma R, Moresi C, Chure G, Chabbey J, Slack E, Cremer J.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2025.07.005	2025
	Gut microbiota composition and type 2 diabetes: Are these subjects linked Together?	Razavi S, Amirmozafari N, Zahedi Bialvaei A, Navab-Moghadam F, Khamseh ME, Alaei-Shahmiri F, Sedighi M.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39464	2024
	Interactions between Blastocystis subtype ST4 and gut microbiota in vitro.	Deng L, Tan KSW.	Parasit Vectors	10.1186/s13071-022-05194-x	2022
	Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study.	Shariati A, Shariati A, Razavi S, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Jahanbin B, Akbari A, Norzaee S, Darban-Sarokhalil D.	Infect Agent Cancer	10.1186/s13027-021-00381-4	2021
Enzymology	A Novel Selective Medium for Isolation of Bacteroides fragilis from Clinical Specimens.	Ho PL, Ho LY, Yau CY, Tong MK, Chow KH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01988-16	2017
	Prevotella timonensis degrades the vaginal epithelial glycocalyx through high fucosidase and sialidase activities.	Segui-Perez C, de Jongh R, Jonkergouw RLW, Pelayo P, Balskus EP, Zomer A, Strijbis K.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.00691-24	2024
	Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Determinants of Helicobacter pylori in Oman: Insights from Phenotypic and Whole-Genome Analysis.	Al-Hinai A, Rizvi M, Al-Busafi SA, Kashoob M, Al-Muharrmi Z, Al-Darmaki A, Al-Jabri Z.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms26125628	2025
	Serotonergic and immunomodulatory properties of the psychobiotic candidate Bacteroides finegoldii UO.H1052 and its extracellular vesicles.	Yousuf B, Esmail GA, Nazemof N, Bouhlel NE, Minic Z, Hammami R.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00891-25	2025
Pathogenicity	Enrichment of human IgA-coated bacterial vesicles in ulcerative colitis as a driver of inflammation.	Thapa HB, Passegger CA, Fleischhacker D, Kohl P, Chen YC, Kalawong R, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Gerstorfer MR, Strahlhofer J, Schild-Prufert K, Zechner EL, Blesl A, Binder L, Busslinger GA, Eberl L, Gorkiewicz G, Strobl H, Hogenauer C, Schild S.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-59354-5	2025
	Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Nim Gene Detection among Bacteroides fragilis Group Isolates in a University Hospital in South India.	Vishwanath S, Shenoy PA, Chawla K.	J Glob Infect Dis	10.4103/jgid.jgid_116_18	2019
	Anti-Microbial Activity of Phytocannabinoids and Endocannabinoids in the Light of Their Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles.	Sionov RV, Steinberg D.	Biomedicines	10.3390/biomedicines10030631	2022
	Gut commensal Alistipes shahii improves experimental colitis in mice with reduced intestinal epithelial damage and cytokine secretion.	Lin X, Xu M, Lan R, Hu D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Lu Y, Sun H, Yang J, Liu L, Xu J.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.01607-24	2025
	Roseburia intestinalis Modulates PYY Expression in a New a Multicellular Model including Enteroendocrine Cells.	Gautier T, Fahet N, Tamanai-Shacoori Z, Oliviero N, Blot M, Sauvager A, Burel A, Gall SD, Tomasi S, Blat S, Bousarghin L.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10112263	2022
Genetics	Characterization and Preliminary Safety Evaluation of Akkermansia muciniphila PROBIO.	Ma X, Tian M, Yu X, Liu M, Li B, Ren D, Wang W.	Foods	10.3390/foods13030442	2024
	Actinotignum schaalii infection - a case series from a tertiary hospital in Greece.	Ioannou P, Karakonstantis S, Tavlas E, Kontopodis N, Maraki S, Chamilos G, Kofteridis DP.	Germs	10.18683/germs.2022.1343	2022
Genetics	Molecular characteristics, clonal transmission, and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile among hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital in Ningbo, China.	Hu L, Lin S, Zhang M, Cai M, Shen Y, Zeng P, Song X, Bian Q, Gu J, Luo Y, Chen Y, Jin D.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1507128	2024
Pathogenicity	In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Imipenem-Relebactam against 451 Recent Clinical Isolates of Bacteroides Group and Related Species.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01125-16	2016
	Novel large-scale chromosomal transfer in Bacteroides fragilis contributes to its pan-genome and rapid environmental adaptation.	Husain F, Tang K, Veeranagouda Y, Boente R, Patrick S, Blakely G, Wexler HM.	Microb Genom	10.1099/mgen.0.000136	2017
	The Complex Role of Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: From Pathogenetic Factor to Therapeutic Target.	Parodi E, Novi M, Bottino P, La Porta E, Merlotti G, Castello LM, Gotta F, Rocchetti A, Quaglia M.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms13020445	2025
Pathogenicity	Anaerobic bacteria growth in the presence of cathelicidin LL-37 and selected ceragenins delivered as magnetic nanoparticles cargo.	Durnas B, Piktel E, Watek M, Wollny T, Gozdz S, Smok-Kalwat J, Niemirowicz K, Savage PB, Bucki R.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-017-1075-6	2017
	A GH89 human alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (hNAGLU) homologue from gut microbe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron capable of hydrolyzing heparosan oligosaccharides.	Yang X, Yang X, Yu H, Na L, Ghosh T, McArthur JB, Chou TF, Dickson P, Chen X.	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-021-01253-1	2021
	Inactivation of Clinically Frequently Used Antimicrobial Agents By BacT/ALERT FAN Plus and BACTEC Aerobic and Anaerobic Culture Media in Simulated Blood Cultures: First Comparative Evaluation in China Mainland.	Xu X, Wei Q, Wang Z, Yan J, Wang H, Xia Y, Xia Y.	Infect Drug Resist	10.2147/idr.s290222	2021
	Comparison of Microorganism Detection and Time to Positivity in Pediatric and Standard Media from Three Major Commercial Continuously Monitored Blood Culture Systems.	Yarbrough ML, Wallace MA, Burnham CD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00429-21	2021
Pathogenicity	Inhibition of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes by select phytochemicals.	Lakes JE, Richards CI, Flythe MD.	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102145	2020
Pathogenicity	Genomic and functional characterization of a mucosal symbiont involved in early-stage colorectal cancer.	Kordahi MC, Stanaway IB, Avril M, Chac D, Blanc MP, Ross B, Diener C, Jain S, McCleary P, Parker A, Friedman V, Huang J, Burke W, Gibbons SM, Willis AD, Darveau RP, Grady WM, Ko CW, DePaolo RW.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2021.08.013	2021
	Clinical Differences in Patients Infected with Fusobacterium and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Fusobacterium Isolates Recovered at a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Korea.	Kim M, Yun SY, Lee Y, Lee H, Yong D, Lee K.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2022.42.2.188	2022
Genetics	Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Clonality of Vaginally Derived Multidrug-Resistant Mobiluncus Isolates in China.	Zhang X, Bai Y, Zhang L, Draz MS, Ruan Z, Zhu Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00780-20	2020
	Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance in clinical anaerobic isolates from India.	Sood A, Ray P, Angrup A.	JAC Antimicrob Resist	10.1093/jacamr/dlab044	2021
	Isolation and Characterisation of Streptococcus spp. with Human Milk Oligosaccharides Utilization Capacity from Human Milk.	Zhou Y, Liu X, Chen H, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Yang B.	Foods	10.3390/foods13091291	2024
Pathogenicity	In Vitro Activities of Omadacycline and Comparators against Anaerobic Bacteria.	Stapert L, Wolfe C, Shinabarger D, Marra A, Pillar C.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00047-18	2018
	Antibiotic Susceptibility and Resistance Genes in Oral Clinical Isolates of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Prevotella melaninogenica.	Castillo Y, Delgadillo NA, Neuta Y, Hernandez A, Acevedo T, Cardenas E, Montano A, Lafaurie GI, Castillo DM.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11070888	2022
	Firmicutes Dysbiosis After Chlorhexidine Prophylaxis in Healthy Patients Submitted to Impacted Lower Third Molar Extraction.	Neves CAD, Alves CH, Rocha NC, Rizzardi KF, Russi KL, Palazzi AAA, Parisotto TM, Girardello R.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2021.702014	2021
	Lyso-Gb3 modulates the gut microbiota and decreases butyrate production.	Aguilera-Correa JJ, Madrazo-Clemente P, Martinez-Cuesta MDC, Pelaez C, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Nino MD, Esteban J, Requena T.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-019-48426-4	2019
Pathogenicity	Oleoresins and naturally occurring compounds of Copaifera genus as antibacterial and antivirulence agents against periodontal pathogens.	Abrao F, Silva TS, Moura CL, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RCS, de Paiva REF, Bastos JK, Martins CHG.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-021-84480-7	2021
	Antibiotic Resistance Profile of RT 027/176 Versus Other Clostridioides difficile Isolates in Silesia, Southern Poland.	Aptekorz M, Sacha K, Gofron Z, Kabala M, Harmanus C, Kuijper E, Martirosian G.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens11080949	2022
Enzymology	Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterotoxigenic extra-intestinal Bacteroides fragilis among 13-year collection of isolates in Kuwait.	Jamal W, Khodakhast FB, AlAzmi A, Soki J, AlHashem G, Rotimi VO.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-020-1703-4	2020
Cultivation	Development and evaluation of culture media based on extracts of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis.	Kheirabadi E, Macia J.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.972200	2022
Genetics	Discovery of antimicrobial peptides in the global microbiome with machine learning.	Santos-Junior CD, Torres MDT, Duan Y, Rodriguez Del Rio A, Schmidt TSB, Chong H, Fullam A, Kuhn M, Zhu C, Houseman A, Somborski J, Vines A, Zhao XM, Bork P, Huerta-Cepas J, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Coelho LP.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.013	2024
	In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Anaerobic Organisms Identified during the ASPECT-cIAI Study.	Armstrong ES, Farrell DJ, Palchak M, Steenbergen JN.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01964-15	2016
	A US-based national surveillance study for the susceptibility and epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile isolates with special reference to ridinilazole: 2020-2021.	Snydman DR, McDermott LA, Thorpe CM, Goldstein EJC, Schuetz AN, Johnson S, Gerding DN, Gluck L, Bourdas D, Carroll KC, Lancaster CK, Garey KW, Wang Q, Walk ST, Duperchy E.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00349-23	2023
	In vivo Imaging of a Novel Strain of Bacteroides fragilis via Metabolic Labeling.	Xu W, Su P, Zheng L, Fan H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Lin Y, Zhi F.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02298	2018
Pathogenicity	Ceftaroline plus avibactam demonstrates bactericidal activity against pathogenic anaerobic bacteria in a one-compartment in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model.	Werth BJ, Rybak MJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01358-13	2014
Metabolism	Impact of nicotine and cotinine on macrophage inflammatory plasticity via vesicular modifications in gastrointestinal bacteria.	Lakes JE, Fu X, Harvey BT, Neupane KR, Aryal SP, Ferrell JL, Flythe MD, Richards CI.	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102787	2023
Pathogenicity	Targeted discovery of gut microbiome-remodeling compounds for the treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.	Liu L, Ma L, Liu H, Zhao F, Li P, Zhang J, Lu X, Zhao X, Yi Y.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.00788-24	2024
	Green synthesis, characterization, enhanced functionality and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles based on Coriander sativum.	Alsubki R, Tabassum H, Abudawood M, Rabaan AA, Alsobaie SF, Ansar S.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.055	2021
	Comparative In Vitro Activity of Omadacycline against Dog and Cat Bite Wound Isolates.	Goldstein EJC, Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Leoncio E, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02551-17	2018
Pathogenicity	First case report of bacteremia caused by Solobacterium moorei in China, and literature review.	Liu WJ, Xiao M, Yi J, Li Y, Kudinha T, Xu YC.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-019-4359-7	2019
Metabolism	Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis induces the stemness in colorectal cancer via upregulating histone demethylase JMJD2B.	Liu QQ, Li CM, Fu LN, Wang HL, Tan J, Wang YQ, Sun DF, Gao QY, Chen YX, Fang JY.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2020.1788900	2020
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of the In Vitro Activity of Eravacycline against a Broad Spectrum of Recent Clinical Anaerobic Isolates.	Snydman DR, McDermott LA, Jacobus NV, Kerstein K, Grossman TH, Sutcliffe JA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02206-17	2018
	A Gram-negative-selective antibiotic that spares the gut microbiome.	Munoz KA, Ulrich RJ, Vasan AK, Sinclair M, Wen PC, Holmes JR, Lee HY, Hung CC, Fields CJ, Tajkhorshid E, Lau GW, Hergenrother PJ.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-024-07502-0	2024
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility against metronidazole and carbapenem in clinical anaerobic isolates from Pakistan.	Shafquat Y, Jabeen K, Farooqi J, Mehmood K, Irfan S, Hasan R, Zafar A.	Antimicrob Resist Infect Control	10.1186/s13756-019-0549-8	2019
	Microbiological Control of Cellular Products: The Relevance of the Cellular Matrix, Incubation Temperature, and Atmosphere for the Detection Performance of Automated Culture Systems.	Gunther SK, Geiss C, Kaiser SJ, Mutters NT, Gunther F.	Transfus Med Hemother	10.1159/000503397	2020
	Localization and density of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia in gingival and subgingival granulation tissues affected by chronic or aggressive periodontitis.	Rajakaruna GA, Negi M, Uchida K, Sekine M, Furukawa A, Ito T, Kobayashi D, Suzuki Y, Akashi T, Umeda M, Meinzer W, Izumi Y, Eishi Y.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-27766-7	2018
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Anaerobic Bacterial Clinical Isolates From 2014 to 2016, Including Recently Named or Renamed Species.	Byun JH, Kim M, Lee Y, Lee K, Chong Y.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2019.39.2.190	2019
	Higher Prevalence of Multi-Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteroides spp. Strains Isolated at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in China.	Wang Y, Han Y, Shen H, Lv Y, Zheng W, Wang J.	Infect Drug Resist	10.2147/idr.s246318	2020
	Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of selected root canal irrigants on commonly isolated microorganisms in endodontic infection.	Dubey S, Saha SG, Rajkumar B, Dhole TK.	Eur J Dent	10.4103/ejd.ejd_141_16	2017
	Lipidome of the Bacteroides Genus Containing New Peptidolipid and Sphingolipid Families Revealed by Multiple-Stage Mass Spectrometry.	Frankfater CF, Sartorio MG, Valguarnera E, Feldman MF, Hsu FF.	Biochemistry	10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00664	2023
Pathogenicity	Unravelling the antimicrobial action of antidepressants on gut commensal microbes.	Ait Chait Y, Mottawea W, Tompkins TA, Hammami R.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-74934-9	2020
	Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of novel heterocycle, coumacine, and two of its derivatives.	Mustafa YF.	Saudi Pharm J	10.1016/j.jsps.2018.03.010	2018
Enzymology	Comparative evaluation of conventional and real-time PCR assays for detecting Bacteroides fragilis in clinical samples.	Papaparaskevas J, Mela V, Houhoula DP, Pantazatou A, Petrikkos GL, Tsakris A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00449-13	2013
	Biocidal Agents Used for Disinfection Can Enhance Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Species.	Kampf G.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics7040110	2018
Enzymology	A novel high-resolution melting analysis approach for rapid detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci.	Ozbak HA.	Ann Saudi Med	10.5144/0256-4947.2018.200	2018
	Lactococcus lactis KA-FF 1-4 reduces vancomycin-resistant enterococci and impacts the human gut microbiome.	Plupjeen SN, Chawjiraphan W, Charoensiddhi S, Nitisinprasert S, Nakphaichit M.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-020-02282-6	2020
Genetics	Discrepancies in Antimicrobial Susceptibility between the JP2 and the Non-JP2 Genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.	Granlund M, Aberg CH, Johansson A, Claesson R.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11030317	2022
	Reliability of species detection in 16S microbiome analysis: Comparison of five widely used pipelines and recommendations for a more standardized approach.	Hiergeist A, Ruelle J, Emler S, Gessner A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0280870	2023
Enzymology	Evaluation of Liquid-Based Swab Transport Systems against the New Approved CLSI M40-A2 Standard.	Gizzie N, Adukwu E.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.03337-15	2016
	Analytical Performance Characteristics of a New Transcription-Mediated Amplification Assay for Treponema pallidum.	Getman D, Lin M, Barakat N, Skvoretz R, Godornes C, Swenson P, Nenninger A, Golden MR, Lukehart SA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00511-21	2021
	Detection of Antibiotic-Resistance by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: An Expanding Area.	Florio W, Baldeschi L, Rizzato C, Tavanti A, Ghelardi E, Lupetti A.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2020.572909	2020
Genetics	Enterotoxigenic and non-enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis from fecal microbiota of children.	Ignacio A, Fernandes MR, Avila-Campos MJ, Nakano V.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-838246420140728	2015
	Interaction Between Microbiota and Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and New Therapeutic Opportunities.	Zeng J, He Z, Wang G, Ma Y, Zhang F.	MedComm (2020)	10.1002/mco2.70265	2025
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of GSK2251052, a novel boron-containing leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, against 916 anaerobic organisms.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02580-12	2013
	Synthetic microbial consortia for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection in mice model.	Liu J, Zhu W, Lessing DJ, Chu W.	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.14333	2023
Metabolism	Current evidence and clinical relevance of drug-microbiota interactions in inflammatory bowel disease.	Becker HEF, Demers K, Derijks LJJ, Jonkers DMAE, Penders J.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1107976	2023
	In Vitro and In Vivo Activities, Absorption, Tissue Distribution, and Excretion of OBP-4, a Potential Anti-Clostridioides difficile Agent.	Liu L, Zhou X, Li B, Cheng F, Cui H, Li J, Zhang J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00581-21	2021
	Automated Real-Time PCR Detection of Tickborne Diseases Using the Panther Fusion Open Access System.	Stellrecht KA, Wilson LI, Castro AJ, Maceira VP.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.02808-22	2022
Enzymology	A novel strain of Bacteroides fragilis enhances phagocytosis and polarises M1 macrophages.	Deng H, Li Z, Tan Y, Guo Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Yang R, Bi Y, Bai Y, Zhi F.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep29401	2016
Metabolism	Virulence factors and biofilm production by isolates of Bacteroides fragilis recovered from dog intestinal tracts.	Reis AC, Silva JO, Laranjeira BJ, Pinheiro AQ, Carvalho CB.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822014000200037	2014
	Dietary fiber content in clinical ketogenic diets modifies the gut microbiome and seizure resistance in mice.	Ozcan E, Yu KB, Dinh L, Lum GR, Lau K, Hsu J, Arino M, Paramo J, Lopez-Romero A, Hsiao EY.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-56091-7	2025
	Loureirin A is a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial agent against Helicobacter pylori.	Tong Q, Yin C, Hang X, Bai Y, Zhang C, Xu J, Huang Y, Ge Y, Chen T, Zeng L, Jia J, Bi H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00314-24	2024
Enzymology	Recovery of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from patients with acute appendicitis using blood culture bottles	Jimenez A, Sanchez A, Rey A, Fajardo C.	Biomedica	10.7705/biomedica.4774	2019
	Synthesis of glycoimmunogen Tn-Thr-PS A1 via hydrazone bond and stability optimization of PS A1 monosaccharide mimics under vaccine development conditions.	Hossain F, Nishat S, Ghosh S, Boga S, Hymel GT, Andreana PR.	J Carbohydr Chem	10.1080/07328303.2019.1709975	2020
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group organisms recovered from 2009 to 2012 in a Korean hospital.	Yim J, Lee Y, Kim M, Seo YH, Kim WH, Yong D, Jeong SH, Lee K, Chong Y.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2015.35.1.94	2015
Phylogeny	Enrichment of Prevotella intermedia in human colorectal cancer and its additive effects with Fusobacterium nucleatum on the malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas.	Lo CH, Wu DC, Jao SW, Wu CC, Lin CY, Chuang CH, Lin YB, Chen CH, Chen YT, Chen JH, Hsiao KH, Chen YJ, Chen YT, Wang JY, Li LH.	J Biomed Sci	10.1186/s12929-022-00869-0	2022
	Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease from a teaching hospital.	Li YM, Liao JZ, Jian ZJ, Li HL, Chen X, Liu QX, Liu PL, Wang ZQ, Liu X, Yan Q, Liu WE.	J Clin Lab Anal	10.1002/jcla.24773	2022
	Prevalence, Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clostridioides difficile Isolated from Pig Carcasses and Pork Products in Central Italy.	Licciardi C, Primavilla S, Roila R, Lupattelli A, Farneti S, Blasi G, Petruzzelli A, Drigo I, Di Raimo Marrocchi E.	Int J Environ Res Public Health	10.3390/ijerph182111368	2021
	Reference Susceptibility Testing and Genomic Surveillance of Clostridioides difficile, United States, 2012-17.	Gargis AS, Karlsson M, Paulick AL, Anderson KF, Adamczyk M, Vlachos N, Kent AG, McAllister G, McKay SL, Halpin AL, Albrecht V, Campbell D, Korhonen LC, Elkins CA, Rasheed JK, Guh AY, McDonald LC, Lutgring JD, Emerging Infections Program C. difficile Infection Working Group.	Clin Infect Dis	10.1093/cid/ciac817	2023
Pathogenicity	Ceftolozane-tazobactam activity against phylogenetically diverse Clostridium difficile strains.	Gonzalez MD, Wallace MA, Hink T, Dubberke ER, Burnham CA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01670-15	2015
	In vitro activity of eravacycline against common ribotypes of Clostridioides difficile.	Basseres E, Begum K, Lancaster C, Gonzales-Luna AJ, Carlson TJ, Miranda J, Rashid T, Alam MJ, Eyre DW, Wilcox MH, Garey KW.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkaa289	2020
	In Vitro Selective Growth-Inhibitory Activities of Phytochemicals, Synthetic Phytochemical Analogs, and Antibiotics against Diarrheagenic/Probiotic Bacteria and Cancer/Normal Intestinal Cells.	Kudera T, Doskocil I, Salmonova H, Petrtyl M, Skrivanova E, Kokoska L.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph13090233	2020
	A cost-effective anaerobic culture method & its comparison with a standard method.	Saha US, Misra R, Tiwari D, Prasad KN.	Indian J Med Res	10.4103/0971-5916.200881	2016
Enzymology	2-oxoglutarate:acceptor oxidoreductase-catalyzed redox cycling effectively targets coccoid forms of Helicobacter pylori.	Hang X, Lan W, Yanqiang H, Huang H, Zhang M, Zeng L, Shi T, Bai Y, Yang Z, Hu S, Wang J, Dong L, Tong Q, Jia J, Bi S, Xia Q, Gao Y, Bi H.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-62477-4	2025
Pathogenicity	In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of DS-2969b, a Novel GyrB Inhibitor, against Clostridium difficile.	Mathur T, Barman TK, Kumar M, Singh D, Kumar R, Khera MK, Yamada M, Inoue SI, Upadhyay DJ, Masuda N.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02157-17	2018
	Recent development and fighting strategies for lincosamide antibiotic resistance.	Yang Y, Xie S, He F, Xu Y, Wang Z, Ihsan A, Wang X.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.00161-23	2024
	Antiviral, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Selenoesters and Selenoanhydrides.	Spengler G, Kincses A, Mosolygo T, Marc MA, Nove M, Gajdacs M, Sanmartin C, McNeil HE, Blair JMA, Dominguez-Alvarez E.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules24234264	2019
Pathogenicity	Activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam against a broad spectrum of recent clinical anaerobic isolates.	Snydman DR, McDermott LA, Jacobus NV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02253-13	2014
	Antimicrobial Activity of Eucalyptus globulus, Azadirachta indica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rheum palmatum Extracts and Rhein against Porphyromonas gingivalis.	Muller-Heupt LK, Vierengel N, Gross J, Opatz T, Deschner J, von Loewenich FD.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11020186	2022
	Novel systems modeling methodology in comparative microbial metabolomics: identifying key enzymes and metabolites implicated in autism spectrum disorders.	Heberling C, Dhurjati P.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms16048949	2015
Phylogeny	In Situ Profiling of the Three Dominant Phyla Within the Human Gut Using TaqMan PCR for Pre-Hospital Diagnosis of Gut Dysbiosis.	Jo YJ, Tagele SB, Pham HQ, Jung Y, Ibal JC, Choi S, Kang GU, Park S, Kang Y, Kim S, Koh H, Shin JH.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms21061916	2020
Pathogenicity	Growth effects of N-acylethanolamines on gut bacteria reflect altered bacterial abundances in inflammatory bowel disease.	Fornelos N, Franzosa EA, Bishai J, Annand JW, Oka A, Lloyd-Price J, Arthur TD, Garner A, Avila-Pacheco J, Haiser HJ, Tolonen AC, Porter JA, Clish CB, Sartor RB, Huttenhower C, Vlamakis H, Xavier RJ.	Nat Microbiol	10.1038/s41564-019-0655-7	2020
	Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of Metapex, Metronidazole, BioPure MTAD, Aztreonam on Bacteroides fragilis and Propionibacterium acne.	Balakrishnan R, Dubey S, Dhole TK, Boruah LC, Srivastava S.	J Conserv Dent	10.4103/0972-0707.114361	2013
Pathogenicity	Activity of moxifloxacin, imipenem, and ertapenem against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacteroides fragilis in monocultures and mixed cultures in an in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model simulating concentrations in the human pancreas.	Schubert S, Dalhoff A.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00872-12	2012
Phylogeny	In Vitro Activities of MCB3681 and Eight Comparators against Clostridium difficile Isolates with Known Ribotypes and Diverse Geographical Spread.	Freeman J, Pilling S, Vernon J, Wilcox MH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02077-16	2017
Metabolism	Dps and DpsL Mediate Survival In Vitro and In Vivo during the Prolonged Oxidative Stress Response in Bacteroides fragilis.	Betteken MI, Rocha ER, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00342-15	2015
	Bile salt hydrolase in non-enterotoxigenic Bacteroides potentiates colorectal cancer.	Sun L, Zhang Y, Cai J, Rimal B, Rocha ER, Coleman JP, Zhang C, Nichols RG, Luo Y, Kim B, Chen Y, Krausz KW, Harris CC, Patterson AD, Zhang Z, Takahashi S, Gonzalez FJ.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-36089-9	2023
	Antibiotic Resistances and Molecular Characteristics of Clostridioides difficile in ICUs in a Teaching Hospital From Central South China.	Meng X, Huang X, Peng Z, Wang Y, Liu S, Zeng C, Duan J, Wen X, Fu C, Wu A, Li C.	Front Med (Lausanne)	10.3389/fmed.2021.745383	2021
	The Infant Gut Commensal Bacteroides dorei Presents a Generalized Transcriptional Response to Various Human Milk Oligosaccharides.	Kijner S, Cher A, Yassour M.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2022.854122	2022
Pathogenicity	Desertomycin G, a New Antibiotic with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Breast Tumor Cell Lines Produced by Streptomyces althioticus MSM3, Isolated from the Cantabrian Sea Intertidal Macroalgae Ulva sp.	Brana AF, Sarmiento-Vizcaino A, Perez-Victoria I, Martin J, Otero L, Palacios-Gutierrez JJ, Fernandez J, Mohamedi Y, Fontanil T, Salmon M, Cal S, Reyes F, Garcia LA, Blanco G.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md17020114	2019
	Drone Transport of Microbes in Blood and Sputum Laboratory Specimens.	Amukele TK, Street J, Carroll K, Miller H, Zhang SX.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01204-16	2016
Genetics	Comparative Genomics and Physiology of Akkermansia muciniphila Isolates from Human Intestine Reveal Specialized Mucosal Adaptation.	Ouwerkerk JP, Tytgat HLP, Elzinga J, Koehorst J, Van den Abbeele P, Henrissat B, Gueimonde M, Cani PD, Van de Wiele T, Belzer C, de Vos WM.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10081605	2022
	Azathioprine, Mercaptopurine, and 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Affect the Growth of IBD-Associated Campylobacter Species and Other Enteric Microbes.	Liu F, Ma R, Riordan SM, Grimm MC, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhang L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00527	2017
	Colonization of intervertebral discs by Cutibacterium acnes in patients with low back pain: Protocol for an analytical study with microbiological, phenotypic, genotypic, and multiomic techniques.	Magno da Rocha V, Lima COGX, Ferreira EO, de Farias GC, Nogueira FCS, Martha Antunes LC, Cassiano KM, Fiorelli RKA.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0271773	2023
	Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and a pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps).	Bai S, Zhang P, Lin M, Lin W, Yang Z, Li S.	Integr Zool	10.1111/1749-4877.12502	2021
	Differential Susceptibility of Bacteria to Mouse Paneth Cell alpha-Defensins under Anaerobic Conditions.	Mastroianni JR, Lu W, Selsted ME, Ouellette AJ.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics3040493	2014
Pathogenicity	Changes in the antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria from 2007-2009 to 2010-2012 based on the CLSI methodology.	Hastey CJ, Boyd H, Schuetz AN, Anderson K, Citron DM, Dzink-Fox J, Hackel M, Hecht DW, Jacobus NV, Jenkins SG, Karlsson M, Knapp CC, Koeth LM, Wexler H, Roe-Carpenter DE, From the Ad Hoc Working Group on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria of CLSI.	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.07.003	2016
	In Vitro Fermentation of Edible Mushrooms: Effects on Faecal Microbiota Characteristics of Autistic and Neurotypical Children.	Saxami G, Mitsou EK, Kerezoudi EN, Mavrouli I, Vlassopoulou M, Koutrotsios G, Mountzouris KC, Zervakis GI, Kyriacou A.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11020414	2023
Enzymology	High occurrence of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Clostridium difficile in the intestinal microbiota of colorectal carcinoma patients.	Fukugaiti MH, Ignacio A, Fernandes MR, Ribeiro Junior U, Nakano V, Avila-Campos MJ.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-838246420140665	2015
Enzymology	Isolation and characterization of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii from calves and piglets.	Foditsch C, Santos TM, Teixeira AG, Pereira RV, Dias JM, Gaeta N, Bicalho RC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0116465	2014
	Biofilm and pathogenic factor analysis of Gardnerella vaginalis associated with bacterial vaginosis in Northeast China.	Ma X, Wang X, Ye S, Liu J, Yuan H, Wang N.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1033040	2022
	Polysaccharide A-Dependent Opposing Effects of Mucosal and Systemic Exposures to Human Gut Commensal Bacteroides fragilis in Type 1 Diabetes.	Sofi MH, Johnson BM, Gudi RR, Jolly A, Gaudreau MC, Vasu C.	Diabetes	10.2337/db19-0211	2019
	Antimicrobial activity of bovine lactoferrin against Gardnerella species clinical isolates.	Pino A, Mazza T, Matthews MH, Castellana S, Caggia C, Randazzo CL, Gelbfish GA.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000822	2022
Pathogenicity	Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolated from stool samples in North Lebanon.	Yehya M, Hamze M, Mallat H, Dabbousi F.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822013000300022	2013
	Broth Microdilution and Gradient Diffusion Strips vs. Reference Agar Dilution Method: First Evaluation for Clostridiales Species Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.	Baquer F, Ali Sawan A, Auzou M, Grillon A, Jaulhac B, Join-Lambert O, Boyer PH.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10080975	2021
	Intrathymic differentiation of natural antibody-producing plasma cells in human neonates.	Cordero H, King RG, Dogra P, Dufeu C, See SB, Chong AM, Uhlemann AC, Ho SH, Kalfa DM, Bacha EA, Kearney JF, Zorn E.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-021-26069-2	2021
Enzymology	Efficient Inactivation of Clinically Relevant Antimicrobial Drug Concentrations by BacT/Alert or Bactec Resin-Containing Media in Simulated Adult Blood Cultures.	Menchinelli G, Liotti FM, Giordano L, De Angelis G, Sanguinetti M, Spanu T, Posteraro B.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00420-19	2019
Pathogenicity	Multicenter study of antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in Korea in 2012.	Lee Y, Park YJ, Kim MN, Uh Y, Kim MS, Lee K.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2015.35.5.479	2015
Metabolism	An elusive electron shuttle from a facultative anaerobe.	Mevers E, Su L, Pishchany G, Baruch M, Cornejo J, Hobert E, Dimise E, Ajo-Franklin CM, Clardy J.	Elife	10.7554/elife.48054	2019
Enzymology	Phase 1 Study To Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Multiple Oral Doses of DS-2969b, a Novel GyrB Inhibitor, in Healthy Subjects.	Vandell AG, Inoue S, Dennie J, Nagasawa Y, Gajee R, Pav J, Zhang G, Zamora C, Masuda N, Senaldi G.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02537-17	2018
	Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei Affect Various Stages of Gardnerella Species Biofilm Formation.	He Y, Na R, Niu X, Xiao B, Yang H.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2021.568178	2021
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo activities of the novel Ketolide RBx 14255 against Clostridium difficile.	Kumar M, Mathur T, Barman TK, Ramkumar G, Bhati A, Shukla G, Kalia V, Pandya M, Raj VS, Upadhyay DJ, Vaishnavi C, Chakrabarti A, Das B, Bhatnagar PK.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00015-12	2012
	Resistance and Virulence Features of Bacteroides spp. Isolated from Abdominal Infections in Romanian Patients.	Pricop GR, Gheorghe I, Pircalabioru GG, Cristea V, Popa M, Marutescu L, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Bezirtzoglou E.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens9110940	2020
	Chemical and Synthetic Biology Approaches for Cancer Vaccine Development.	Hossain F, Kandalai S, Zhou X, Zhang N, Zheng Q.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27206933	2022
	In vitro fermentation of copra meal hydrolysate by chicken microbiota.	Prayoonthien P, Nitisinprasert S, Keawsompong S.	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-017-1058-1	2018
Pathogenicity	In vitro antimicrobial activity of razupenem (SMP-601, PTZ601) against anaerobic bacteria.	Tran CM, Tanaka K, Yamagishi Y, Goto T, Mikamo H, Watanabe K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01038-10	2011
	Dominant obligate anaerobes revealed in lower respiratory tract infection in horses by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.	Kinoshita Y, Niwa H, Katayama Y, Hariu K.	J Vet Med Sci	10.1292/jvms.13-0272	2014
Metabolism	Complete Tetrasaccharide Repeat Unit Biosynthesis of the Immunomodulatory Bacteroides fragilis Capsular Polysaccharide A.	Sharma S, Erickson KM, Troutman JM.	ACS Chem Biol	10.1021/acschembio.6b00931	2017
	Synthesis of an Aminooxy Derivative of the GM3 Antigen and Its Application in Oxime Ligation.	Kleski KA, Shi M, Lohman M, Hymel GT, Gattoji VK, Andreana PR.	J Org Chem	10.1021/acs.joc.0c00320	2020
	Distinct patterns of IgG and IgA against food and microbial antigens in serum and feces of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.	Frehn L, Jansen A, Bennek E, Mandic AD, Temizel I, Tischendorf S, Verdier J, Tacke F, Streetz K, Trautwein C, Sellge G.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0106750	2014
Enzymology	Culturing periprosthetic tissue in BacT/Alert® Virtuo blood culture system leads to improved and faster detection of prosthetic joint infections.	Sanabria A, Rokeberg MEO, Johannessen M, Sollid JE, Simonsen GS, Hanssen AM.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-019-4206-x	2019
Genetics	A calf with hind limb paralysis and dysstasia and a genome sequence analysis of an isolated Clostridium perfringens toxinotype E strain.	Mada T, Goto Y, Kumagai M, Sakai H, Kanamori H, Takamatsu D.	J Vet Med Sci	10.1292/jvms.22-0432	2023
Pathogenicity	Two multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis carry a novel metronidazole resistance nim gene (nimJ).	Husain F, Veeranagouda Y, Hsi J, Meggersee R, Abratt V, Wexler HM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00386-13	2013
Phylogeny	Quantitative detection of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis subtypes isolated from children with and without diarrhea.	Merino VR, Nakano V, Liu C, Song Y, Finegold SM, Avila-Campos MJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01556-10	2011
	Data-independent acquisition boosts quantitative metaproteomics for deep characterization of gut microbiota.	Zhao J, Yang Y, Xu H, Zheng J, Shen C, Chen T, Wang T, Wang B, Yi J, Zhao D, Wu E, Qin Q, Xia L, Qiao L.	NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes	10.1038/s41522-023-00373-9	2023
	In Vitro Activity of Omadacycline, a New Tetracycline Analog, and Comparators against Clostridioides difficile.	Begum K, Basseres E, Miranda J, Lancaster C, Gonzales-Luna AJ, Carlson TJ, Rashid T, Eyre DW, Wilcox MH, Alam MJ, Garey KW.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00522-20	2020
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of tomopenem (CS-023/RO4908463) against anaerobic bacteria.	Tanaka K, Mikamo H, Nakao K, Ichiishi T, Goto T, Yamagishi Y, Watanabe K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00595-08	2009
Metabolism	Lactobacillus spp. create a protective micro-ecological environment through regulating the core fucosylation of vaginal epithelial cells against cervical cancer.	Fan Q, Wu Y, Li M, An F, Yao L, Wang M, Wang X, Yuan J, Jiang K, Li W, Li M.	Cell Death Dis	10.1038/s41419-021-04388-y	2021
Phylogeny	Surveillance of antibiotic resistance among common Clostridium difficile ribotypes in Hong Kong.	Chow VCY, Kwong TNY, So EWM, Ho YII, Wong SH, Lai RWM, Chan RCY.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-17523-7	2017
Genetics	Assessment of the safety and probiotic properties of Roseburia intestinalis: A potential "Next Generation Probiotic".	Zhang C, Ma K, Nie K, Deng M, Luo W, Wu X, Huang Y, Wang X.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.973046	2022
	Colonisation of the proximal intestinal remnant in newborn infants with enterostomy: a longitudinal study protocol.	Barreiros Mota I, Marques C, Faria A, Neto MT, Cordeiro-Ferreira G, Virella D, Pita A, Pereira-da-Silva L, Pereira-da-Silva L, Calhau C.	BMJ Open	10.1136/bmjopen-2019-028916	2019
	MALDI-TOF MS versus VITEK 2 ANC card for identification of anaerobic bacteria.	Li Y, Gu B, Liu G, Xia W, Fan K, Mei Y, Huang P, Pan S.	J Thorac Dis	10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.02.15	2014
Pathogenicity	Therapeutic equivalence requires pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic identities: true bioequivalence of a generic product of intravenous metronidazole.	Agudelo M, Vesga O.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.06012-11	2012
Pathogenicity	Impact of Surotomycin on the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Volunteers in a Phase 1 Clinical Trial.	Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Dale SE, Chesnel L, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02531-15	2016
	Distribution, detection of enterotoxigenic strains and antimicrobial drug susceptibility patterns of bacteroides fragilis group in diarrheic and non-diarrheic feces from brazilian infants.	Ferreira DP, Silva VL, Guimaraes DA, Coelho CM, Zauli DA, Farias LM, Carvalho MA, Diniz CG.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822010000300010	2010
Pathogenicity	The botanical origin and antioxidant, anti-BACE1 and antiproliferative properties of bee pollen from different regions of South Korea.	Zou Y, Hu J, Huang W, Zhu L, Shao M, Dordoe C, Ahn YJ, Wang D, Zhao Y, Xiong Y, Wang X.	BMC Complement Med Ther	10.1186/s12906-020-03023-1	2020
	Comparison of the Performance of Three Blood Culture Systems in a Chinese Tertiary-Care Hospital.	Li G, Sun J, Pan S, Li W, Zhang S, Wang Y, Sun X, Xu H, Ming L.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2019.00285	2019
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of ceftaroline against a broad spectrum of recent clinical anaerobic isolates.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00868-10	2011
Pathogenicity	Ecological Effect of Solithromycin on Normal Human Oropharyngeal and Intestinal Microbiota.	Rashid MU, Rosenborg S, Panagiotidis G, Holm J, Soderberg Lofdal K, Weintraub A, Nord CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00461-16	2016
Enzymology	Functional identification of a galactosyltransferase critical to Bacteroides fragilis Capsular Polysaccharide A biosynthesis.	Troutman JM, Sharma S, Erickson KM, Martinez CD.	Carbohydr Res	10.1016/j.carres.2014.06.003	2014
	Entirely Carbohydrate-Based Vaccines: An Emerging Field for Specific and Selective Immune Responses.	Nishat S, Andreana PR.	Vaccines (Basel)	10.3390/vaccines4020019	2016
Pathogenicity	Sixteen homologs of the mex-type multidrug resistance efflux pump in Bacteroides fragilis.	Ueda O, Wexler HM, Hirai K, Shibata Y, Yoshimura F, Fujimura S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.7.2807-2815.2005	2005
Phylogeny	Outlook on next-generation probiotics from the human gut.	De Filippis F, Esposito A, Ercolini D.	Cell Mol Life Sci	10.1007/s00018-021-04080-6	2022
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of tedizolid against gram-positive bacteria in patients with skin and skin structure infections and hospital-acquired pneumonia: a Korean multicenter study.	Lee Y, Hong SK, Choi S, Im W, Yong D, Lee K.	Ann Lab Med	10.3343/alm.2015.35.5.523	2015
Pathogenicity	Pharmacodynamics of pulse dosing versus standard dosing: in vitro metronidazole activity against Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Ibrahim KH, Gunderson BW, Hermsen ED, Hovde LB, Rotschafer JC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.11.4195-4199.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of ceftazidime-NXL104 against 396 strains of beta-lactamase-producing anaerobes.	Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam V, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01682-10	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of CB-183,315, vancomycin, and metronidazole against 556 strains of Clostridium difficile, 445 other intestinal anaerobes, and 56 Enterobacteriaceae species.	Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.05655-11	2012
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.	Tyrrell KL, Citron DM, Warren YA, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.06274-11	2012
Pathogenicity	Epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of wound isolates of obligate anaerobes from combat casualties.	White BK, Mende K, Weintrob AC, Beckius ML, Zera WC, Lu D, Bradley W, Tribble DR, Schnaubelt ER, Murray CK, Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program Trauma Infectious Disease Outcome Study Group.	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.10.010	2016
	Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of extracts of Tibouchina candolleana (melastomataceae), isolated compounds and semi-synthetic derivatives against endodontic bacteria.	Dos Santos FM, de Souza MG, Crotti AE, Martins CH, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RC, E Silva ML, Cunha WR.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1590/s1517-83822012000200045	2012
	Effects of macroporous monofilament mesh on infection in a contaminated field.	Bury K, Smietanski M, Justyna B, Gumiela P, Smietanska AI, Owczuk R, Naumiuk L, Samet A, Paradziej-Lukowicz J.	Langenbecks Arch Surg	10.1007/s00423-014-1225-3	2014
Pathogenicity	First national survey of antibiotic susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis group: emerging resistance to carbapenems in Argentina.	Fernandez-Canigia L, Litterio M, Legaria MC, Castello L, Predari SC, Di Martino A, Rossetti A, Rollet R, Carloni G, Bianchini H, Cejas D, Radice M, Gutkind G, Anaerobe Surveillance Team.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.05622-11	2012
Metabolism	Safety Evaluations of Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI.	Kim MJ, Ku S, Kim SY, Lee HH, Jin H, Kang S, Li R, Johnston TV, Park MS, Ji GE.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms19051422	2018
Enzymology	Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Quinoxalin-2(1H)one and 2-Methyl-3H-quinazolin-4-one Derivatives Targeting the Onset and Progression of CRC with SAR, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Analyses.	El-Sayed NNE, Al-Otaibi TM, Alonazi M, Masand VH, Barakat A, Almarhoon ZM, Ben Bacha A, Ben Bacha A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules26113121	2021
Enzymology	Molecular and pharmacological aspects of piperine as a potential molecule for disease prevention and management: evidence from clinical trials.	Tripathi AK, Ray AK, Mishra SK.	Beni Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci	10.1186/s43088-022-00196-1	2022
Metabolism	Actinomyces Produces Defensin-Like Bacteriocins (Actifensins) with a Highly Degenerate Structure and Broad Antimicrobial Activity.	Sugrue I, O'Connor PM, Hill C, Stanton C, Ross RP.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00529-19	2020
	Chemical synthesis and immunological evaluation of entirely carbohydrate conjugate Globo H-PS A1.	Ghosh S, Trabbic KR, Shi M, Nishat S, Eradi P, Kleski KA, Andreana PR.	Chem Sci	10.1039/d0sc04595k	2020
Enzymology	Rapid spread of Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/ST1 in Chile confirms the emergence of the epidemic strain in Latin America.	Aguayo C, Flores R, Levesque S, Araya P, Ulloa S, Lagos J, Hormazabal JC, Tognarelli J, Ibanez D, Pidal P, Duery O, Olivares B, Fernandez J.	Epidemiol Infect	10.1017/s0950268815000023	2015
	In Vitro and In Vivo Properties of CUO246, a Novel Bacterial DNA Gyrase/Topoisomerase IV Inhibitor.	Blais J, Dean CR, Lapointe G, Leeds JA, Ma S, Morris L, Moser HE, Osborne CS, Prosen KR, Richie D, Skepper C, Thompson K, Vo J, Yue Q, Rivkin A.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00921-22	2022
	Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of TNP-2198, a Dual-Targeted Rifamycin-Nitroimidazole Conjugate with Potent Activity against Microaerophilic and Anaerobic Bacterial Pathogens.	Ma Z, He S, Yuan Y, Zhuang Z, Liu Y, Wang H, Chen J, Xu X, Ding C, Molodtsov V, Lin W, Robertson GT, Weiss WJ, Pulse M, Nguyen P, Duncan L, Doyle T, Ebright RH, Lynch AS.	J Med Chem	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02045	2022
Genetics	Transposon mutagenesis of the anaerobic commensal, Bacteroides fragilis, using the EZ::TN5 transposome.	Veeranagouda Y, Husain F, Wexler HM.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02602.x	2012
	Optimal Regimens and Clinical Breakpoint of Avilamycin Against Clostridium perfringens in Swine Based on PK-PD Study.	Huang A, Luo X, Xu Z, Huang L, Wang X, Xie S, Pan Y, Fang S, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Hao H.	Front Pharmacol	10.3389/fphar.2022.769539	2022
Metabolism	A bacterial bile acid metabolite modulates T_reg activity through the nuclear hormone receptor NR4A1.	Li W, Hang S, Fang Y, Bae S, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang G, McCurry MD, Bae M, Paik D, Franzosa EA, Rastinejad F, Huttenhower C, Yao L, Devlin AS, Huh JR.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2021.07.013	2021
Enzymology	Isolation of metronidazole-resistant Bacteroides fragilis carrying the nimA nitroreductase gene from a patient in Washington State.	Schapiro JM, Gupta R, Stefansson E, Fang FC, Limaye AP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.9.4127-4129.2004	2004
Metabolism	Activation of Bacteroides fragilis toxin by a novel bacterial protease contributes to anaerobic sepsis in mice.	Choi VM, Herrou J, Hecht AL, Teoh WP, Turner JR, Crosson S, Bubeck Wardenburg J.	Nat Med	10.1038/nm.4077	2016
	Firmicutes Levels in the Mouth Reflect the Gut Condition With Respect to Obesity and Early Childhood Caries.	Rizzardi KF, Indiani CMDSP, Mattos-Graner RO, de Sousa ET, Nobre-Dos-Santos M, Parisotto TM.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2021.593734	2021
	Case-control study on the role of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis as a cause of diarrhea among children in Kolkata, India.	Ramamurthy D, Pazhani GP, Sarkar A, Nandy RK, Rajendran K, Sur D, Manna B, Ramamurthy T.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0060622	2013
	Bacteroides fragilis subverts mucosal biology: from symbiont to colon carcinogenesis.	Sears CL, Geis AL, Housseau F.	J Clin Invest	10.1172/jci72334	2014
Enzymology	Gut Microbiota-Mediated Personalized Treatment of Hyperlipidemia Using Berberine.	Wang Y, Tong Q, Shou JW, Zhao ZX, Li XY, Zhang XF, Ma SR, He CY, Lin Y, Wen BY, Guo F, Fu J, Jiang JD.	Theranostics	10.7150/thno.18290	2017
	Clostridium baratii: a rare case of pneumonia associated with an Alzheimer patient in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.	Lima CO, da Rocha VM, Ferreira EO, Filho JS, Serradas LR, Silva RO, Lobato FC, Domingues RM.	JMM Case Rep	10.1099/jmmcr.0.005041	2016
	Propolis, A Hope for the Future in Treating Resistant Periodontal Pathogens.	Shabbir A, Rashid M, Tipu HN.	Cureus	10.7759/cureus.682	2016
Enzymology	First case of Propionibacterium acnes urinary tract infection in a dog.	Harada K, Shimizu T, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, Takeuchi T.	BMC Vet Res	10.1186/s12917-015-0620-5	2015
	Clinical, microbiological and oxidative stress evaluation of periodontitis patients treated with two regimens of systemic antibiotics, adjunctive to non-surgical therapy: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.	Boia S, Boariu M, Baderca F, Rusu D, Muntean D, Horhat F, Boia ER, Borza C, Anghel A, Stratul SI.	Exp Ther Med	10.3892/etm.2019.7856	2019
	Quantitative Detection of Bifidobacterium longum Strains in Feces Using Strain-Specific Primers.	Xiao Y, Wang C, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9061159	2021
	Characterization of the virulence of three novel clade 2 Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile strains and a two-year screening in animals and humans in Brazil.	Diniz AN, Moura LNF, Cruz DSG, Oliveira Junior CA, Figueiredo HCP, Cunha JLR, Vilela EG, Kuijper EJ, Wilcox MH, Lobato FCF, Silva ROS.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0273013	2022
	Antibacterial Effect of Copaifera duckei Dwyer Oleoresin and Its Main Diterpenes against Oral Pathogens and Their Cytotoxic Effect.	Abrao F, Alves JA, Andrade G, de Oliveira PF, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RCS, Tavares DC, Bastos JK, Martins CHG.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00201	2018
	Characterization of fecal microbiota across seven Chinese ethnic groups by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.	Kwok LY, Zhang J, Guo Z, Gesudu Q, Zheng Y, Qiao J, Huo D, Zhang H.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0093631	2014
Pathogenicity	Induction and Amelioration of Methotrexate-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity are Related to Immune Response and Gut Microbiota.	Zhou B, Xia X, Wang P, Chen S, Yu C, Huang R, Zhang R, Wang Y, Lu L, Yuan F, Tian Y, Fan Y, Zhang X, Shu Y, Zhang S, Bai D, Wu L, Xu H, Yang L.	EBioMedicine	10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.029	2018
	Developments in Carbohydrate-Based Cancer Therapeutics.	Hossain F, Andreana PR.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph12020084	2019
	Repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation modulates the brain-gut-microbiome axis in obese rodents.	Ziomber-Lisiak A, Talaga-Cwiertnia K, Sroka-Oleksiak A, Surowka AD, Juszczak K, Szczerbowska-Boruchowska M.	Pharmacol Rep	10.1007/s43440-022-00401-z	2022
	Effects of oral butyrate supplementation on inflammatory potential of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy and obese males.	Cleophas MCP, Ratter JM, Bekkering S, Quintin J, Schraa K, Stroes ES, Netea MG, Joosten LAB.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-37246-7	2019
	Clostridioides difficile in Calves in Central Italy: Prevalence, Molecular Typing, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Association with Antibiotic Administration.	Blasi F, Lovito C, Albini E, Bano L, Dalmonte G, Drigo I, Maresca C, Massacci FR, Orsini S, Primavilla S, Scoccia E, Tofani S, Forte C, Magistrali CF.	Animals (Basel)	10.3390/ani11020515	2021
Phylogeny	Determination of bft gene subtypes in Bacteroides fragilis clinical isolates.	Avila-Campos MJ, Liu C, Song Y, Rowlinson MC, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02108-06	2007
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against Clostridium difficile and 350 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora isolates.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01136-13	2013
Pathogenicity	Resistance trends of the Bacteroides fragilis group over a 10-year period, 1997 to 2006, in Madrid, Spain.	Betriu C, Culebras E, Gomez M, Lopez F, Rodriguez-Avial I, Picazo JJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00081-08	2008
Enzymology	Time-to-detection of bacteria and yeast with the BACTEC FX versus BacT/Alert Virtuo blood culture systems.	Somily AM, Habib HA, Torchyan AA, Sayyed SB, Absar M, Al-Aqeel R, Binkhamis AK.	Ann Saudi Med	10.5144/0256-4947.2018.194	2018
	Proanthocyanidin-enriched cranberry extract induces resilient bacterial community dynamics in a gnotobiotic mouse model.	Neto CC, Mortzfeld BM, Turbitt JR, Bhattarai SK, Yeliseyev V, DiBenedetto N, Bry L, Bucci V.	Microb Cell	10.15698/mic2021.06.752	2021
	Sonication assisted microbiological diagnosis of implant-related infection caused by Prevotella disiens and Staphylococcus epidermidis in a patient with cranioplasty.	Thomaidis PC, Pantazatou A, Kamariotis S, Vlachos K, Roussos G, Panagiotou P, Stylianakis A.	BMC Res Notes	10.1186/s13104-015-1274-x	2015
Phylogeny	Characterization of the fecal microbiota differs between age groups in Koreans.	Kook SY, Kim Y, Kang B, Choe YH, Kim YH, Kim S.	Intest Res	10.5217/ir.2018.16.2.246	2018
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of doripenem, a new broad-spectrum carbapenem, against recently collected clinical anaerobic isolates, with emphasis on the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00696-08	2008
	Multicenter Performance Evaluation of the Simplexa Bordetella Direct Kit in Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens.	Chow SK, Arbefeville S, Boyanton BL, Dault EM, Dunn J, Ferrieri P, Greene W, Pence MA, Otiso J, Richter S, Schutzbank TE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01041-20	2020
	Discrimination of viable and dead fecal Bacteroidales bacteria by quantitative PCR with propidium monoazide.	Bae S, Wuertz S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01333-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group in Canada in 2010-2011: CANWARD surveillance study.	Karlowsky JA, Walkty AJ, Adam HJ, Baxter MR, Hoban DJ, Zhanel GG.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.05823-11	2012
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria in South Korea.	Lee Y, Park Y, Kim MS, Yong D, Jeong SH, Lee K, Chong Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00481-10	2010
	A selective antibiotic for Lyme disease.	Leimer N, Wu X, Imai Y, Morrissette M, Pitt N, Favre-Godal Q, Iinishi A, Jain S, Caboni M, Leus IV, Bonifay V, Niles S, Bargabos R, Ghiglieri M, Corsetti R, Krumpoch M, Fox G, Son S, Klepacki D, Polikanov YS, Freliech CA, McCarthy JE, Edmondson DG, Norris SJ, D'Onofrio A, Hu LT, Zgurskaya HI, Lewis K.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.011	2021
	Molecular cloning of the gyrA and gyrB genes of Bacteroides fragilis encoding DNA gyrase.	Onodera Y, Sato K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.10.2423	1999
	Deep-learning-enabled antibiotic discovery through molecular de-extinction.	Wan F, Torres MDT, Peng J, de la Fuente-Nunez C.	Nat Biomed Eng	10.1038/s41551-024-01201-x	2024
Pathogenicity	Colonization by Enterobacteriaceae is crucial for acute inflammatory responses in murine small intestine via regulation of corticosterone production.	Menezes-Garcia Z, Do Nascimento Arifa RD, Acurcio L, Brito CB, Gouvea JO, Lima RL, Bastos RW, Fialho Dias AC, Antunes Dourado LP, Bastos LFS, Queiroz-Junior CM, Igidio CED, Bezerra RO, Vieira LQ, Nicoli JR, Teixeira MM, Fagundes CT, Souza DG.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2020.1765946	2020
Pathogenicity	Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Gut Commensals Degrade Components of the Extracellular Matrix.	Porras AM, Zhou H, Shi Q, Xiao X, JRI Live Cell Bank, Longman R, Brito IL.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02201-22	2022
Enzymology	Occurrence of Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin gene-carrying strains in Germany and the United States.	Claros MC, Claros ZC, Tang YJ, Cohen SH, Silva J, Goldstein EJ, Rodloff AC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.5.1996-1997.2000	2000
	The Spectrum of Antimicrobial Activity of Cyadox against Pathogens Collected from Pigs, Chicken, and Fish in China.	Maan MK, Weng Z, Dai M, Liu Z, Hao H, Cheng G, Wang Y, Wang X, Huang L.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10020153	2021
Genetics	Multilaboratory assessment of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for unbiased microbe detection.	Han D, Diao Z, Lai H, Han Y, Xie J, Zhang R, Li J.	J Adv Res	10.1016/j.jare.2021.09.011	2022
	Effects of a gut pathobiont in a gnotobiotic mouse model of childhood undernutrition.	Wagner VE, Dey N, Guruge J, Hsiao A, Ahern PP, Semenkovich NP, Blanton LV, Cheng J, Griffin N, Stappenbeck TS, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Petri W, Haque R, Ahmed T, Gordon JI.	Sci Transl Med	10.1126/scitranslmed.aah4669	2016
Pathogenicity	In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of DS86760016, a Novel Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor for Gram-Negative Pathogens.	Purnapatre KP, Rao M, Pandya M, Khanna A, Chaira T, Bambal R, Upadhyay DJ, Masuda N.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01987-17	2018
	Fn-Dps, a novel virulence factor of Fusobacterium nucleatum, disrupts erythrocytes and promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer.	Wu Y, Guo S, Chen F, Li Y, Huang Y, Liu W, Zhang G.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1011096	2023
Pathogenicity	Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity.	Malanik M, Treml J, Rjaskova V, Tizkova K, Kaucka P, Kokoska L, Kubatka P, Smejkal K.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules24122288	2019
Phylogeny	Species identification of clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria: a comparison of two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry systems.	Justesen US, Holm A, Knudsen E, Andersen LB, Jensen TG, Kemp M, Skov MN, Gahrn-Hansen B, Moller JK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.05788-11	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro antianaerobic activity of DX-619, a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone.	Tanaka K, Mikamo H, Nakao K, Watanabe K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00639-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Activities of tizoxanide and nitazoxanide compared to those of five other thiazolides and three other agents against anaerobic species.	Pankuch GA, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.50.3.1112-1117.2006	2006
	Nationwide surveillance of ribotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates with an emphasis on reduced doxycycline and tigecycline susceptibilities among ribotype 078 lineage isolates in Taiwan.	Hung YP, Tsai PJ, Lee YT, Tang HJ, Lin HJ, Liu HC, Lee JC, Tsai BY, Hsueh PR, Ko WC.	Infect Drug Resist	10.2147/idr.s162874	2018
Pathogenicity	First comprehensive evaluation of the M.I.C. evaluator device compared to Etest and CLSI reference dilution methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical strains of anaerobes and other fastidious bacterial species.	Rennie RP, Turnbull L, Brosnikoff C, Cloke J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.05397-11	2012
	Enhanced Immune Response Against the Thomsen-Friedenreich Tumor Antigen Using a Bivalent Entirely Carbohydrate Conjugate.	Kleski KA, Trabbic KR, Shi M, Bourgault JP, Andreana PR.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules25061319	2020
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of ceftaroline against 623 diverse strains of anaerobic bacteria.	Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01788-09	2010
	Chemical Constituents and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. & Zucc. Essential Oils.	Martins Cde M, do Nascimento EA, de Morais SA, de Oliveira A, Chang R, Cunha LC, Martins MM, Martins CH, Moraes Tda S, Rodrigues PV, da Silva CV, de Aquino FJ.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2015/842047	2015
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinically relevant Gram-positive anaerobic cocci collected over a three-year period in the Netherlands.	Veloo AC, Welling GW, Degener JE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01771-09	2011
Enzymology	Clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacteremia caused by Eggerthella, Paraeggerthella, and Eubacterium species at a university hospital in Taiwan from 2001 to 2010.	Lee MR, Huang YT, Liao CH, Chuang TY, Wang WJ, Lee SW, Lee LN, Hsueh PR.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00548-12	2012
Phylogeny	Cross-infection due to imipenem-resistant Bacteroides fragilis associated with a totally implantable venous port.	Arpin C, Dubois V, Rogues AM, Menard F, Gavinet AM, Maire JP, Gachie JP, Bezian MC, Quentin C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.8.3032-3034.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	A Gut-Restricted Lithocholic Acid Analog as an Inhibitor of Gut Bacterial Bile Salt Hydrolases.	Adhikari AA, Ramachandran D, Chaudhari SN, Powell CE, Li W, McCurry MD, Banks AS, Devlin AS.	ACS Chem Biol	10.1021/acschembio.1c00192	2021
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo activities of HPi1, a selective antimicrobial against Helicobacter pylori.	Gavrish E, Shrestha B, Chen C, Lister I, North EJ, Yang L, Lee RE, Han A, Williams B, Charnuska D, Coleman K, Lewis K, LaFleur MD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02573-13	2014
Metabolism	Symbiotic Human Gut Bacteria with Variable Metabolic Priorities for Host Mucosal Glycans.	Pudlo NA, Urs K, Kumar SS, German JB, Mills DA, Martens EC.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01282-15	2015
Pathogenicity	Divergent rifamycin susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile strains in Canada and Italy and predictive accuracy of rifampin Etest for rifamycin resistance.	Miller MA, Blanchette R, Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Mastrantonio P.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.05100-11	2011
Pathogenicity	Antianaerobic activity of sulopenem compared to six other agents.	Ednie LM, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01557-08	2009
	Use of 27G needles improves sensitivity and performance of ATCC anaerobe reference microorganism detection in BacT/Alert system.	Pasqua S, Vitale G, Pasquariello A, Douradinha B, Tuzzolino F, Cardinale F, Cusimano C, Di Bartolo C, Conaldi PG, D'Apolito D.	Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev	10.1016/j.omtm.2021.01.010	2021
	gyrA mutations associated with quinolone resistance in Bacteroides fragilis group strains.	Oh H, El Amin N, Davies T, Appelbaum PC, Edlund C.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.7.1977-1981.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria to secnidazole compared to metronidazole, tinidazole and clindamycin.	Petrina MAB, Cosentino LA, Rabe LK, Hillier SL.	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.05.005	2017
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of doripenem and six comparator drugs against 423 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates from infected diabetic foot wounds.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01128-07	2008
Pathogenicity	Two cases of infections due to multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis group strains.	Katsandri A, Papaparaskevas J, Pantazatou A, Petrikkos GL, Thomopoulos G, Houhoula DP, Avlamis A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00316-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Oral administration of live exopolysaccharide-producing Pediococcus parvulus, but not purified exopolysaccharide, suppressed Enterobacteriaceae without affecting bacterial diversity in ceca of mice.	Lindstrom C, Xu J, Oste R, Holst O, Molin G.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01456-13	2013
Enzymology	Substrate specificity characterization for eight putative nudix hydrolases. Evaluation of criteria for substrate identification within the Nudix family.	Nguyen VN, Park A, Xu A, Srouji JR, Brenner SE, Kirsch JF.	Proteins	10.1002/prot.25163	2016
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of telavancin and six comparator agents against anaerobic bacterial isolates.	Finegold SM, Bolanos M, Sumannen PH, Molitoris DR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00908-08	2009
Metabolism	Biosynthetic assembly of the Bacteroides fragilis capsular polysaccharide A precursor bactoprenyl diphosphate-linked acetamido-4-amino-6-deoxygalactopyranose.	Mostafavi AZ, Troutman JM.	Biochemistry	10.1021/bi400126w	2013
Metabolism	Active efflux of norfloxacin by Bacteroides fragilis.	Miyamae S, Nikaido H, Tanaka Y, Yoshimura F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.8.2119	1998
Pathogenicity	Lantibiotics Produced by Oral Inhabitants as a Trigger for Dysbiosis of Human Intestinal Microbiota.	Yonezawa H, Motegi M, Oishi A, Hojo F, Higashi S, Nozaki E, Oka K, Takahashi M, Osaki T, Kamiya S.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms22073343	2021
	Multicentre study of the burden of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the aetiology of infected diabetic foot ulcers.	Adeyemo AT, Kolawole B, Rotimi VO, Aboderin AO.	Afr J Lab Med	10.4102/ajlm.v10i1.1261	2021
Enzymology	Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Solobacterium moorei isolates from patients with wound infection.	Zheng G, Summanen PH, Talan D, Bennion R, Rowlinson MC, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01381-09	2010
	Evaluation of the Antimicrobial and Antivirulent Potential of Essential Oils Isolated from Juniperus oxycedrus L. ssp. macrocarpa Aerial Parts.	Spengler G, Gajdacs M, Donadu MG, Usai M, Marchetti M, Ferrari M, Mazzarello V, Zanetti S, Nagy F, Kovacs R.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms10040758	2022
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of tigecycline against the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Jacobus NV, McDermott LA, Ruthazer R, Snydman DR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.3.1034-1036.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Kibdelomycin is a potent and selective agent against toxigenic Clostridium difficile.	Miesel L, Hecht DW, Osmolski JR, Gerding D, Flattery A, Li F, Lan J, Lipari P, Polishook JD, Liang L, Liu J, Olsen DB, Singh SB.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00021-14	2014
Pathogenicity	Chlorinated emodin as a natural antibacterial agent against drug-resistant bacteria through dual influence on bacterial cell membranes and DNA.	Duan F, Xin G, Niu H, Huang W.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-12905-3	2017
Pathogenicity	Increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes and Bacteroides fragilis isolates causing nosocomial infections: emerging resistance to carbapenems.	Liu CY, Huang YT, Liao CH, Yen LC, Lin HY, Hsueh PR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00355-08	2008
	Molecular characteristics of Clostridium difficile in children with acute gastroenteritis from Zhejiang.	Shuai H, Bian Q, Luo Y, Zhou X, Song X, Ye J, Huang Q, Peng Z, Wu J, Jiang J, Jin D.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-020-05030-6	2020
Pathogenicity	Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of human Clostridium difficile isolates from a single institution in Northern China.	Wang B, Lv Z, Zhang P, Su J.	Medicine (Baltimore)	10.1097/md.0000000000011219	2018
Metabolism	A selective gut bacterial bile salt hydrolase alters host metabolism.	Yao L, Seaton SC, Ndousse-Fetter S, Adhikari AA, DiBenedetto N, Mina AI, Banks AS, Bry L, Devlin AS.	Elife	10.7554/elife.37182	2018
	Penicillin Binding Protein Substitutions Cooccur with Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Epidemic Lineages of Multidrug-Resistant Clostridioides difficile.	Dingle KE, Freeman J, Didelot X, Quan TP, Eyre DW, Swann J, Spittal WD, Clark EV, Jolley KA, Walker AS, Wilcox MH, Crook DW.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.00243-23	2023
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of trovafloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis in mixed culture with either Escherichia coli or a vancomycin- resistant strain of Enterococcus faecium determined by an anaerobic time-kill technique.	Stearne LE, Kooi C, Goessens WH, Bakker-Woudenberg IA, Gyssens IC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.1.243-251.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of DX-619 and four comparator agents against 376 anaerobic bacterial isolates.	Molitoris D, Vaisanen ML, Bolanos M, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.50.5.1887-1889.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	Chemical composition, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Cassia bakeriana Craib. against aerobic and anaerobic oral pathogens.	Cunha LC, de Morais SA, Martins CH, Martins MM, Chang R, de Aquino FJ, de Oliveira A, Moraes Tda S, Machado FC, da Silva CV, do Nascimento EA.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules18044588	2013
Phylogeny	Imaging the in vivo growth patterns of bacteria in human gut Microbiota.	Lin L, Song J, Li J, Zuo X, Wei H, Yang C, Wang W.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2021.1960134	2021
Pathogenicity	Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of cyadox against Clostridium perfringens in swine.	Yan L, Xie S, Chen D, Pan Y, Tao Y, Qu W, Liu Z, Yuan Z, Huang L.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-03970-9	2017
	Seasonal variation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils from Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.	Furtado FB, de Aquino FJ, Nascimento EA, de M Martins C, de Morais SA, Chang R, Cunha LC, Leandro LF, Martins CH, Martins MM, da Silva CV, Machado FC, de Oliveira A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules19044560	2014
Enzymology	Purification and Biochemical Characterization of a New Protease Inhibitor from Conyza dioscoridis with Antimicrobial, Antifungal and Cytotoxic Effects.	Karray A, Alonazi M, Smaoui S, Michaud P, Soliman D, Ben Bacha A, Ben Bacha A.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules25225452	2020
Phylogeny	Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of 396 unusual anaerobic strains to tigecycline and eight other antimicrobial agents.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00499-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Characterizations of clinical isolates of clostridium difficile by toxin genotypes and by susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents, including fidaxomicin (OPT-80) and rifaximin: a multicenter study in Taiwan.	Liao CH, Ko WC, Lu JJ, Hsueh PR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00191-12	2012
	In vitro activity of nifuratel on vaginal bacteria: could it be a good candidate for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis?	Togni G, Battini V, Bulgheroni A, Mailland F, Caserini M, Mendling W.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01623-10	2011
Enzymology	Isolation of Toxigenic Clostridium difficile from Animal Manure and Composts Being Used as Biological Soil Amendments.	Dharmasena M, Jiang X.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00738-18	2018
	Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile Isolates from 12 Asia-Pacific Countries in 2014 and 2015.	Lew T, Putsathit P, Sohn KM, Wu Y, Ouchi K, Ouchi K, Ishii Y, Tateda K, Riley TV, Collins DA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00296-20	2020
Pathogenicity	Inducible metronidazole resistance and nim genes in clinical Bacteroides fragilis group isolates.	Lofmark S, Fang H, Hedberg M, Edlund C.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.3.1253-1256.2005	2005
Phylogeny	Genomic evolution and virulence association of Clostridioides difficile sequence type 37 (ribotype 017) in China.	Xu X, Luo Y, Chen H, Song X, Bian Q, Wang X, Liang Q, Zhao J, Li C, Song G, Yang J, Sun L, Jiang J, Wang H, Zhu B, Ye G, Chen L, Tang YW, Jin D.	Emerg Microbes Infect	10.1080/22221751.2021.1943538	2021
Metabolism	Berberine attenuates choline-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting trimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide production via manipulating the gut microbiome.	Li X, Su C, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang M, Zhang X, Du Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Jiang J, Hong B.	NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes	10.1038/s41522-021-00205-8	2021
	A novel real-time PCR assay for specific detection of Brucella melitensis.	Kaden R, Ferrari S, Alm E, Wahab T.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/s12879-017-2327-7	2017
Pathogenicity	Activity of endodontic antibacterial agents against selected anaerobic bacteria.	Ferreira CM, da Silva Rosa OP, Torres SA, Ferreira FB, Bernardinelli N.	Braz Dent J	10.1590/s0103-64402002000200008	2002
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from diabetic foot infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00722-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of diterpenes from Viguiera arenaria against endodontic bacteria.	Carvalho TC, Simao MR, Ambrosio SR, Furtado NA, Veneziani RC, Heleno VC, Da Costa FB, Gomes BP, Souza MG, Borges dos Reis E, Martins CH.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules160100543	2011
Metabolism	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation is required for maintenance of innate antimicrobial immunity in the colon.	Peyrin-Biroulet L, Beisner J, Wang G, Nuding S, Oommen ST, Kelly D, Parmentier-Decrucq E, Dessein R, Merour E, Chavatte P, Grandjean T, Bressenot A, Desreumaux P, Colombel JF, Desvergne B, Stange EF, Wehkamp J, Chamaillard M.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.0905745107	2010
Pathogenicity	Characterization of bactericidal activity of clindamycin against Bacteroides fragilis via kill curve methods.	Klepser ME, Banevicius MA, Quintiliani R, Nightingale CH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.8.1941	1996
Phylogeny	Four cases of bacteremia caused by Oscillibacter ruminantium, a newly described species.	Sydenham TV, Arpi M, Klein K, Justesen US.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.03128-13	2014
Metabolism	Bovine intestinal bacteria inactivate and degrade ceftiofur and ceftriaxone with multiple beta-lactamases.	Wagner RD, Johnson SJ, Cerniglia CE, Erickson BD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00008-11	2011
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of Propionibacterium acnes ophthalmic isolates to ertapenem, meropenem, and cefepime.	Shames R, Satti F, Vellozzi EM, Smith MA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00722-06	2006
	Production of functional mimics of human milk oligosaccharides by enzymatic glycosylation of bovine milk oligosaccharides.	Weinborn V, Li Y, Shah IM, Yu H, Dallas DC, German JB, Mills DA, Chen X, Barile D.	Int Dairy J	10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.104583	2020
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of OPT-80 tested against clinical isolates of toxin-producing Clostridium difficile.	Karlowsky JA, Laing NM, Zhanel GG.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00476-08	2008
Pathogenicity	Cationic amphiphilic bolaamphiphile-based delivery of antisense oligonucleotides provides a potentially microbiome sparing treatment for C. difficile.	Sharma AK, Krzeminski J, Weissig V, Hegarty JP, Stewart DB.	J Antibiot (Tokyo)	10.1038/s41429-018-0056-9	2018
	Reducing the Oxidation Level of Dextran Aldehyde in a Chitosan/Dextran-Based Surgical Hydrogel Increases Biocompatibility and Decreases Antimicrobial Efficacy.	Chan M, Brooks HJ, Moratti SC, Hanton LR, Cabral JD.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms160613798	2015
Metabolism	Role of topoisomerase mutations and efflux in fluoroquinolone resistance of Bacteroides fragilis clinical isolates and laboratory mutants.	Ricci V, Peterson ML, Rotschafer JC, Wexler H, Piddock LJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.4.1344-1346.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of Biapenem plus RPX7009, a carbapenem combined with a serine beta-lactamase inhibitor, against anaerobic bacteria.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02418-12	2013
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activity profiles of novel bis-indole antibacterials against gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates.	Butler MM, Williams JD, Peet NP, Moir DT, Panchal RG, Bavari S, Shinabarger DL, Bowlin TL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00484-10	2010
Pathogenicity	National survey on the susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group: report and analysis of trends in the United States from 1997 to 2004.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA, Ruthazer R, Golan Y, Goldstein EJ, Finegold SM, Harrell LJ, Hecht DW, Jenkins SG, Pierson C, Venezia R, Yu V, Rihs J, Gorbach SL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01435-06	2007
	Intake of Blueberry Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Affects the Gut Microbiota of L-NAME Treated Rats.	Xu J, Ahren IL, Prykhodko O, Olsson C, Ahrne S, Molin G.	Evid Based Complement Alternat Med	10.1155/2013/809128	2013
Enzymology	A novel, multiplex, real-time PCR-based approach for the detection of the commonly occurring pathogenic fungi and bacteria.	Horvath A, Peto Z, Urban E, Vagvolgyi C, Somogyvari F.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-13-300	2013
Genetics	Molecular Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Patients in Eastern China.	Jin D, Jin D, Luo Y, Huang C, Cai J, Ye J, Zheng Y, Wang L, Zhao P, Liu A, Fang W, Wang X, Xia S, Jiang J, Tang YW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01898-16	2017
Metabolism	Development of a covalent inhibitor of gut bacterial bile salt hydrolases.	Adhikari AA, Seegar TCM, Ficarro SB, McCurry MD, Ramachandran D, Yao L, Chaudhari SN, Ndousse-Fetter S, Banks AS, Marto JA, Blacklow SC, Devlin AS.	Nat Chem Biol	10.1038/s41589-020-0467-3	2020
	Increased mucosal neutrophil survival is associated with altered microbiota in HIV infection.	Hensley-McBain T, Wu MC, Manuzak JA, Cheu RK, Gustin A, Driscoll CB, Zevin AS, Miller CJ, Coronado E, Smith E, Chang J, Gale M, Somsouk M, Burgener AD, Hunt PW, Hope TJ, Collier AC, Klatt NR.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1007672	2019
Pathogenicity	U.S.-Based National Surveillance for Fidaxomicin Susceptibility of Clostridioides difficile-Associated Diarrheal Isolates from 2013 to 2016.	Thorpe CM, McDermott LA, Tran MK, Chang J, Jenkins SG, Goldstein EJC, Patel R, Forbes BA, Johnson S, Gerding DN, Snydman DR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00391-19	2019
Pathogenicity	Effects of Ligustrum robustum on gut microbes and obesity in rats.	Xie ZM, Zhou T, Liao HY, Ye Q, Liu S, Qi L, Huang J, Zuo HJ, Pei XF.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v21.i46.13042	2015
Pathogenicity	Synergistic effects of antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics against Clostridium difficile.	Nuding S, Frasch T, Schaller M, Stange EF, Zabel LT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02542-14	2014
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of OPT-80 against Clostridium difficile.	Ackermann G, Loffler B, Adler D, Rodloff AC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.6.2280-2282.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Translocated microbiome composition determines immunological outcome in treated HIV infection.	Nganou-Makamdop K, Talla A, Sharma AA, Darko S, Ransier A, Laboune F, Chipman JG, Beilman GJ, Hoskuldsson T, Fourati S, Schmidt TE, Arumugam S, Lima NS, Moon D, Callisto S, Schoephoerster J, Tomalka J, Mugyenyi P, Ssali F, Muloma P, Ssengendo P, Leda AR, Cheu RK, Flynn JK, Morou A, Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Rodriguez B, Lederman MM, Kaufmann DE, Klatt NR, Kityo C, Brenchley JM, Schacker TW, Sekaly RP, Douek DC.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.023	2021
Phylogeny	Susceptibilities of 23 Desulfovibrio isolates from humans.	Nakao K, Tanaka K, Ichiishi S, Mikamo H, Shibata T, Watanabe K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00630-09	2009
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone, garenoxacin, against clinical anaerobic bacteria.	Liebetrau A, Rodloff AC, Behra-Miellet J, Dubreuil L.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.11.3667-3671.2003	2003
	The Growth and Protein Expression of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Campylobacter concisus Is Affected by the Derivatives of the Food Additive Fumaric Acid.	Ma R, Liu F, Yap SF, Lee H, Leong RW, Riordan SM, Grimm MC, Zhang L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00896	2018
Metabolism	Characterization of the RokA and HexA broad-substrate-specificity hexokinases from Bacteroides fragilis and their role in hexose and N-acetylglucosamine utilization.	Brigham CJ, Malamy MH.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.187.3.890-901.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV, Fernandez H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.50.1.148-155.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of MK-0826 and 16 other antimicrobials against Bacteroides fragilis group strains.	Betriu C, Sanchez A, Palau ML, Gomez M, Picazo JJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.8.2372-2374.2001	2001
Enzymology	Archaea dominate the ammonia-oxidizing community in the rhizosphere of the freshwater macrophyte Littorella uniflora.	Herrmann M, Saunders AM, Schramm A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02802-07	2008
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of clinafloxacin and trovafloxacin against 1,000 isolates of bacteroides fragilis group: effect of the medium on test results.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA, Supran SE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.44.6.1710-1712.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile from North America.	Tenover FC, Tickler IA, Persing DH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00220-12	2012
Genetics	Bifidobacterium Bacteremia: Clinical Characteristics and a Genomic Approach To Assess Pathogenicity.	Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C, Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00150-17	2017
	Oligonucleotide probes for detection of cephalosporinases among Bacteroides strains.	Mastrantonio P, Cardines R, Spigaglia P.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.4.1014	1996
	Relationship between total phenolic contents and biological properties of propolis from 20 different regions in South Korea.	Wang X, Sankarapandian K, Cheng Y, Woo SO, Kwon HW, Perumalsamy H, Ahn YJ.	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/s12906-016-1043-y	2016
Pathogenicity	Fluoroquinolone resistance in Bacteroides fragilis following sparfloxacin exposure.	Peterson ML, Hovde LB, Wright DH, Hoang AD, Raddatz JK, Boysen PJ, Rotschafer JC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.9.2251	1999
Pathogenicity	Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolates from two Korean hospitals.	Nicholas A, Kim YK, Lee WK, Selasi GN, Na SH, Kwon HI, Kim YJ, Lee HS, Song KE, Shin JH, Lee JC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0174716	2017
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of linezolid against Clostridium difficile.	Pelaez T, Alonso R, Perez C, Alcala L, Cuevas O, Bouza E.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.5.1617-1618.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Two novel vaginal microbicides (polystyrene sulfonate and cellulose sulfate) inhibit Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis.	Simoes JA, Citron DM, Aroutcheva A, Anderson RA, Chany CJ, Waller DP, Faro S, Zaneveld LJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.8.2692-2695.2002	2002
Metabolism	A mitochondrial-like aconitase in the bacterium Bacteroides fragilis: implications for the evolution of the mitochondrial Krebs cycle.	Baughn AD, Malamy MH.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.052710199	2002
Pathogenicity	Levofloxacin plus metronidazole administered once daily versus moxifloxacin monotherapy against a mixed infection of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.	Hermsen ED, Hovde LB, Sprandel KA, Rodvold KA, Rotschafer JC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.2.685-689.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of newer quinolones against bacteroides group organisms.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA, Ruthazer R, Goldstein E, Finegold S, Harrell L, Hecht DW, Jenkins S, Pierson C, Venezia R, Rihs J, Gorbach SL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.10.3276-3279.2002	2002
Phylogeny	Characterization of Slackia exigua isolated from human wound infections, including abscesses of intestinal origin.	Kim KS, Rowlinson MC, Bennion R, Liu C, Talan D, Summanen P, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01576-09	2010
Enzymology	Solobacterium moorei bacteremia: identification, antimicrobial susceptibility, and clinical characteristics.	Pedersen RM, Holt HM, Justesen US.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02525-10	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibilities of the Bacteroides fragilis group species: change in isolation rates significantly affects overall susceptibility data.	Aldridge KE, O'Brien M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.11.4349-4352.2002	2002
Metabolism	Structure-function features of a Mycoplasma glycolipid synthase derived from structural data integration, molecular simulations, and mutational analysis.	Romero-Garcia J, Francisco C, Biarnes X, Planas A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0081990	2013
Enzymology	Identification of Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Meso-2, 6-Diaminopimelate Dehydrogenase from Porphyromonas gingivalis.	Stone VN, Parikh HI, El-rami F, Ge X, Chen W, Zhang Y, Kellogg GE, Xu P.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0141126	2015
	Production of a mouse monoclonal IgM antibody that targets the carbohydrate Thomsen-nouveau cancer antigen resulting in in vivo and in vitro tumor killing.	Trabbic KR, Kleski KA, Shi M, Bourgault JP, Prendergast JM, Dransfield DT, Andreana PR.	Cancer Immunol Immunother	10.1007/s00262-018-2206-0	2018
Pathogenicity	Different molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Clostridium difficile in the Asia-Pacific region.	Luo Y, Cheong E, Bian Q, Collins DA, Ye J, Shin JH, Yam WC, Takata T, Song X, Wang X, Kamboj M, Gottlieb T, Jiang J, Riley TV, Tang YW, Jin D, Jin D.	Emerg Microbes Infect	10.1080/22221751.2019.1682472	2019
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of ramoplanin against Clostridium difficile, including strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin or with resistance to metronidazole.	Pelaez T, Alcala L, Alonso R, Martin-Lopez A, Garcia-Arias V, Marin M, Bouza E.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.3.1157-1159.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	Capping Agent-Dependent Toxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study. Concerns about Potential Application in Dental Practice.	Niska K, Niska K, Knap N, Kedzia A, Jaskiewicz M, Kamysz W, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I.	Int J Med Sci	10.7150/ijms.16011	2016
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of retapamulin (SB-275833) against 141 clinical isolates of Propionibacterium spp., including 117 P. acnes isolates.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.50.1.379-381.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibility of Clostridium difficile to SMT19969 and comparators, as well as the killing kinetics and post-antibiotic effects of SMT19969 and comparators against C. difficile.	Corbett D, Wise A, Birchall S, Warn P, Baines SD, Crowther G, Freeman J, Chilton CH, Vernon J, Wilcox MH, Vickers RJ.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkv006	2015
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities and clinical sources of Dialister species.	Morio F, Jean-Pierre H, Dubreuil L, Jumas-Bilak E, Calvet L, Mercier G, Devine R, Marchandin H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00538-07	2007
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of Garenoxacin (BMS 284756) against 108 clinical isolates of Gardnerella vaginalis.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.12.3995-3996.2002	2002
	Neutropenia induced in outbred mice by a simplified low-dose cyclophosphamide regimen: characterization and applicability to diverse experimental models of infectious diseases.	Zuluaga AF, Salazar BE, Rodriguez CA, Zapata AX, Agudelo M, Vesga O.	BMC Infect Dis	10.1186/1471-2334-6-55	2006
	Interactions between a pathogenic Blastocystis subtype and gut microbiota: in vitro and in vivo studies.	Yason JA, Liang YR, Png CW, Zhang Y, Tan KSW.	Microbiome	10.1186/s40168-019-0644-3	2019
Metabolism	A widely distributed metalloenzyme class enables gut microbial metabolism of host- and diet-derived catechols.	Maini Rekdal V, Nol Bernadino P, Luescher MU, Kiamehr S, Le C, Bisanz JE, Turnbaugh PJ, Bess EN, Balskus EP.	Elife	10.7554/elife.50845	2020
Genetics	Linking the Human Gut Microbiome to Inflammatory Cytokine Production Capacity.	Schirmer M, Smeekens SP, Vlamakis H, Jaeger M, Oosting M, Franzosa EA, Ter Horst R, Jansen T, Jacobs L, Bonder MJ, Kurilshikov A, Fu J, Joosten LAB, Zhernakova A, Huttenhower C, Wijmenga C, Netea MG, Xavier RJ.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.020	2016
Pathogenicity	Comparison of the in vitro activities of Bay 12-8039, a new quinolone, and other antimicrobials against clinically important anaerobes.	Aldridge KE, Ashcraft DS.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.3.709	1997
Pathogenicity	Bacteremia caused by a metronidazole-resistant Prevotella sp. strain.	Mory F, Carlier JP, Alauzet C, Thouvenin M, Schuhmacher H, Lozniewski A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.10.5380-5383.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of LFF571 against Clostridium difficile and 630 other intestinal strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.06305-11	2012
	Characterization of Clostridium difficile Strains in British Columbia, Canada: A Shift from NAP1 Majority (2008) to Novel Strain Types (2013) in One Region.	Jassem AN, Prystajecky N, Marra F, Kibsey P, Tan K, Umlandt P, Janz L, Champagne S, Gamage B, Golding GR, Mulvey MR, Henry B, Hoang LM.	Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol	10.1155/2016/8207418	2016
Enzymology	Insertional activation of cepA leads to high-level beta-lactamase expression in Bacteroides fragilis clinical isolates.	Rogers MB, Bennett TK, Payne CM, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.176.14.4376-4384.1994	1994
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of gemifloxacin, other quinolones, and nonquinolone antimicrobials against obligately anaerobic bacteria.	Kleinkauf N, Ackermann G, Schaumann R, Rodloff AC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.6.1896-1899.2001	2001
	Selection of cross-reactive T cells by commensal and food-derived yeasts drives cytotoxic T_H1 cell responses in Crohn's disease.	Martini GR, Tikhonova E, Rosati E, DeCelie MB, Sievers LK, Tran F, Lessing M, Bergfeld A, Hinz S, Nikolaus S, Kumpers J, Matysiak A, Hofmann P, Saggau C, Schneiders S, Kamps AK, Jacobs G, Lieb W, Maul J, Siegmund B, Seegers B, Hinrichsen H, Oberg HH, Wesch D, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM, Rupp J, Kniemeyer O, Brakhage AA, Brunke S, Hube B, Aden K, Franke A, Iliev ID, Scheffold A, Schreiber S, Bacher P.	Nat Med	10.1038/s41591-023-02556-5	2023
Enzymology	Clostridium difficile in retail meat products, USA, 2007.	Songer JG, Trinh HT, Killgore GE, Thompson AD, McDonald LC, Limbago BM.	Emerg Infect Dis	10.3201/eid1505.081071	2009
Phylogeny	Ten cases of Actinobaculum schaalii infection: clinical relevance, bacterial identification, and antibiotic susceptibility.	Reinhard M, Prag J, Kemp M, Andresen K, Klemmensen B, Hojlyng N, Sorensen SH, Christensen JJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.10.5305-5308.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of iodonium salts against oral and dental anaerobes.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Warren Y, Merriam CV, Tyrrell K, Fernandez H, Radhakrishnan U, Stang PJ, Conrads G.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.7.2766-2770.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	In vitro antianaerobic activity of ertapenem (MK-0826) compared to seven other compounds.	Hoellman DB, Kelly LM, Credito K, Anthony L, Ednie LM, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.1.220-224.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 469 less frequently identified anaerobes isolated from human infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.4.1136-1140.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of torezolid (DA-7157) against clinical isolates of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in South Korea.	Yum JH, Choi SH, Yong D, Chong Y, Im WB, Rhee DK, Lee K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00728-10	2010
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.	Citron DM, Merriam CV, Tyrrell KL, Warren YA, Fernandez H, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.7.2334-2338.2003	2003
Enzymology	Evaluation of the mandibular third molar pericoronitis flora and its susceptibility to different antibiotics prescribed in france.	Sixou JL, Magaud C, Jolivet-Gougeon A, Cormier M, Bonnaure-Mallet M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.12.5794-5797.2003	2003
Enzymology	Identification of a new family of enzymes with potential O-acetylpeptidoglycan esterase activity in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.	Weadge JT, Pfeffer JM, Clarke AJ.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-5-49	2005
Enzymology	Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and the potential indirect pathogenic role of Prevotella isolates from the cystic fibrosis respiratory microbiota.	Sherrard LJ, McGrath SJ, McIlreavey L, Hatch J, Wolfgang MC, Muhlebach MS, Gilpin DF, Elborn JS, Tunney MM.	Int J Antimicrob Agents	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.12.004	2016
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of dalbavancin and 12 other agents against 329 aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive isolates recovered from diabetic foot infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Merriam CV, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00286-06	2006
Phylogeny	PCR assay for species-specific identification of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Teng LJ, Hsueh PR, Tsai JC, Chiang FL, Chen CY, Ho SW, Luh KT.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.4.1672-1675.2000	2000
	Rapid PCR Detection of Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum.	Cunningham SA, Mandrekar JN, Rosenblatt JE, Patel R.	Int J Bacteriol	10.1155/2013/168742	2013
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of ABT-492, a new fluoroquinolone, against 155 aerobic and 171 anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez HT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.9.3008-3011.2003	2003
Enzymology	Three cases of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens bacteremia confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.	Tee W, Korman TM, Waters MJ, Macphee A, Jenney A, Joyce L, Dyall-Smith ML.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.5.1209-1213.1998	1998
Enzymology	Faecal microbiota characterisation of horses using 16 rdna barcoded pyrosequencing, and carriage rate of clostridium difficile at hospital admission.	Rodriguez C, Taminiau B, Brevers B, Avesani V, Van Broeck J, Leroux A, Gallot M, Bruwier A, Amory H, Delmee M, Daube G.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-015-0514-5	2015
Pathogenicity	Effect of pH on in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Falagas ME, McDermott L, Snydman DR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.9.2047	1997
Pathogenicity	Activity of pradofloxacin against Porphyromonas and Prevotella spp. Implicated in periodontal disease in dogs: susceptibility test data from a European multicenter study.	Stephan B, Greife HA, Pridmore A, Silley P.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00019-08	2008
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of MK-826 (L-749,345) against 363 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris D, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.44.8.2222-2224.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of amoxicillin-clavulanate against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.3.705	1999
Enzymology	Quantification of intestinal bacterial populations by real-time PCR with a universal primer set and minor groove binder probes: a global approach to the enteric flora.	Ott SJ, Musfeldt M, Ullmann U, Hampe J, Schreiber S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.42.6.2566-2572.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Survey of Bacteroides fragilis group susceptibility patterns in Canada.	Bourgault AM, Lamothe F, Hoban DJ, Dalton MT, Kibsey PC, Harding G, Smith JA, Low DE, Gilbert H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.2.343	1992
Pathogenicity	Mechanisms of reduced susceptibility and genotypic prediction of antibiotic resistance in Prevotella isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF patients.	Sherrard LJ, Schaible B, Graham KA, McGrath SJ, McIlreavey L, Hatch J, Wolfgang MC, Muhlebach MS, Gilpin DF, Schneiders T, Elborn JS, Tunney MM.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dku192	2014
	Cloning and characterization of the endogenous cephalosporinase gene, cepA, from Bacteroides fragilis reveals a new subgroup of Ambler class A beta-lactamases.	Rogers MB, Parker AC, Smith CJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.11.2391	1993
	Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clostridium difficile Isolates from a University Teaching Hospital in China.	Cheng JW, Xiao M, Kudinha T, Kong F, Xu ZP, Sun LY, Zhang L, Fan X, Xie XL, Xu YC.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01621	2016
Pathogenicity	Ecological Effect of Ceftaroline-Avibactam on the Normal Human Intestinal Microbiota.	Rashid MU, Rosenborg S, Panagiotidis G, Soderberg-Lofdal K, Weintraub A, Nord CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00530-15	2015
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial evaluation of diterpenes from Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin against periodontal anaerobic bacteria.	Souza AB, de Souza MG, Moreira MA, Moreira MR, Furtado NA, Martins CH, Bastos JK, dos Santos RA, Heleno VC, Ambrosio SR, Veneziani RC.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules16119611	2011
Pathogenicity	Comparison of the inoculum effect of cefoxitin and other cephalosporins and of beta-lactamase inhibitors and their penicillin-derived components on the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Cherubin CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.9.1868	1991
	Synthesis, characterisation, and evaluation of a cross-linked disulphide amide-anhydride-containing polymer based on cysteine for colonic drug delivery.	Lim V, Peh KK, Sahudin S.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms141224670	2013
	Candida albicans primes TLR cytokine responses through a Dectin-1/Raf-1-mediated pathway.	Ifrim DC, Joosten LA, Kullberg BJ, Jacobs L, Jansen T, Williams DL, Gow NA, van der Meer JW, Netea MG, Quintin J.	J Immunol	10.4049/jimmunol.1202611	2013
	Remodeling bacterial polysaccharides by metabolic pathway engineering.	Yi W, Liu X, Li Y, Li J, Xia C, Zhou G, Zhang W, Zhao W, Chen X, Wang PG.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.0812432106	2009
Enzymology	Multicenter clinical laboratory evaluation of a beta-lactamase disk assay employing a novel chromogenic cephalosporin, S1.	Doern GV, Jones RN, Gerlach EH, Washington JA, Biedenbach DJ, Brueggemann A, Erwin ME, Knapp C, Raymond J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.6.1665-1667.1995	1995
Pathogenicity	Antibiotic resistance in Prevotella species isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis.	Sherrard LJ, Graham KA, McGrath SJ, McIlreavey L, Hatch J, Muhlebach MS, Wolfgang MC, Gilpin DF, Elborn JS, Schneiders T, Tunney MM.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkt191	2013
Pathogenicity	Comparison of kill-kinetic studies with agar and broth microdilution methods for determination of antimicrobial activity of selected agents against members of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Stratton CW, Weeks LS, Aldridge KE.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.4.645-649.1987	1987
Phylogeny	Combining 16S rRNA gene variable regions enables high-resolution microbial community profiling.	Fuks G, Elgart M, Amir A, Zeisel A, Turnbaugh PJ, Soen Y, Shental N.	Microbiome	10.1186/s40168-017-0396-x	2018
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of metronidazole and its hydroxy metabolite against Bacteroides spp.	Pendland SL, Piscitelli SC, Schreckenberger PC, Danziger LH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.9.2106	1994
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical Desulfovibrio isolates.	Lozniewski A, Labia R, Haristoy X, Mory F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.10.2933-2935.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of faropenem against 579 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris D, St John S, Vu A, Read EK, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.11.3669-3675.2002	2002
	Growth and multiplexed analysis of microorganisms on a subdivided, highly porous, inorganic chip manufactured from anopore.	Ingham CJ, van den Ende M, Pijnenburg D, Wever PC, Schneeberger PM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.12.8978-8981.2005	2005
Metabolism	In vitro activities of 15 antimicrobial agents against 110 toxigenic clostridium difficile clinical isolates collected from 1983 to 2004.	Hecht DW, Galang MA, Sambol SP, Osmolski JR, Johnson S, Gerding DN.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01623-06	2007
Pathogenicity	In Vitro Antibacterial Properties of Cefiderocol, a Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin, against Gram-Negative Bacteria.	Ito A, Sato T, Ota M, Takemura M, Nishikawa T, Toba S, Kohira N, Miyagawa S, Ishibashi N, Matsumoto S, Nakamura R, Tsuji M, Yamano Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01454-17	2018
Enzymology	Gastrointestinal localization of metronidazole by a lactobacilli-inspired tetramic acid motif improves treatment outcomes in the hamster model of Clostridium difficile infection.	Cherian PT, Wu X, Yang L, Scarborough JS, Singh AP, Alam ZA, Lee RE, Hurdle JG.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkv231	2015
Phylogeny	Real-time PCR analysis of the intestinal microbiotas in peritoneal dialysis patients.	Wang IK, Lai HC, Yu CJ, Liang CC, Chang CT, Kuo HL, Yang YF, Lin CC, Lin HH, Liu YL, Chang YC, Wu YY, Chen CH, Li CY, Chuang FR, Huang CC, Lin CH, Lin HC.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.05605-11	2012
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of the lichen secondary metabolites vulpinic acid, (+)-usnic acid, and (-)-usnic acid against aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.	Lauterwein M, Oethinger M, Belsner K, Peters T, Marre R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.39.11.2541	1995
Pathogenicity	Bacteremia due to Bacteroides fragilis group: distribution of species, beta-lactamase production, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.	Aldridge KE, Ashcraft D, O'Brien M, Sanders CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.1.148-153.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of U-100592 and U-100766, novel oxazolidinone antibacterial agents.	Zurenko GE, Yagi BH, Schaadt RD, Allison JW, Kilburn JO, Glickman SE, Hutchinson DK, Barbachyn MR, Brickner SJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.4.839	1996
Enzymology	Aerobic-type ribonucleotide reductase in the anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis.	Smalley D, Rocha ER, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.184.4.895-903.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Comparative antianaerobic activities of the ketolides HMR 3647 (RU 66647) and HMR 3004 (RU 64004).	Ednie LM, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.9.2019	1997
Phylogeny	Clostridium difficile ribotypes in Austria: a multicenter, hospital-based survey.	Indra A, Schmid D, Huhulescu S, Simons E, Hell M, Stickler K, Allerberger F, Austrian C. difficile Study Group.	Wien Klin Wochenschr	10.1007/s00508-015-0808-5	2015
	Filifactor alocis--involvement in periodontal biofilms.	Schlafer S, Riep B, Griffen AL, Petrich A, Hubner J, Berning M, Friedmann A, Gobel UB, Moter A.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-10-66	2010
	Transfer of plasmid-mediated CTX-M-9 from Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow to Enterobacteriaceae in human flora-associated rats treated with cefixime.	Faure S, Perrin-Guyomard A, Delmas JM, Chatre P, Laurentie M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00310-09	2010
Phylogeny	Real-time quantitative broad-range PCR assay for detection of the 16S rRNA gene followed by sequencing for species identification.	Zucol F, Ammann RA, Berger C, Aebi C, Altwegg M, Niggli FK, Nadal D.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00112-06	2006
Enzymology	Molecular detection, quantification, and isolation of Streptococcus gallolyticus bacteria colonizing colorectal tumors: inflammation-driven potential of carcinogenesis via IL-1, COX-2, and IL-8.	Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Bakar FA.	Mol Cancer	10.1186/1476-4598-9-249	2010
	Comparison of antibiotic activities by using serum bactericidal activity over time.	Guglielmo BJ, Rodondi LC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.10.1511	1988
Metabolism	Gut microbial beta-glucuronidase and glycerol/diol dehydratase activity contribute to dietary heterocyclic amine biotransformation.	Zhang J, Lacroix C, Wortmann E, Ruscheweyh HJ, Sunagawa S, Sturla SJ, Schwab C.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-019-1483-x	2019
Pathogenicity	Effect of ceftaroline on normal human intestinal microflora.	Panagiotidis G, Backstrom T, Asker-Hagelberg C, Jandourek A, Weintraub A, Nord CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01716-09	2010
	Eight-plex PCR and liquid-array detection of bacterial and viral pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with suspected meningitis.	Boving MK, Pedersen LN, Moller JK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01966-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Comparison of sensititre broth microdilution and agar dilution susceptibility testing techniques for meropenem to determine accuracy, reproducibility, and predictive values.	Dowzicky MJ, Nadler HL, Sheikh W.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.32.9.2204-2207.1994	1994
Phylogeny	Comparison of real-time PCR and culture for detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque samples.	Boutaga K, van Winkelhoff AJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Savelkoul PH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.11.4950-4954.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibilities of the Bacteroides fragilis group to 14 antimicrobial agents in Korea.	Lee K, Jang IH, Kim YJ, Chong Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.1.195	1992
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of trovafloxacin against 557 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Molitoris D, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.9.2232	1996
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral sinus puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.	Goldstein EJ, Conrads G, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren Y, Tyrrell K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.8.2363-2367.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of members of the Bacteroides fragilis group to 11 antimicrobial agents.	Horn R, Lavallee J, Robson HG.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.9.2051	1992
Pathogenicity	Recovery of the Gut Microbiota after Antibiotics Depends on Host Diet, Community Context, and Environmental Reservoirs.	Ng KM, Aranda-Diaz A, Tropini C, Frankel MR, Van Treuren W, O'Loughlin CT, Merrill BD, Yu FB, Pruss KM, Oliveira RA, Higginbottom SK, Neff NF, Fischbach MA, Xavier KB, Sonnenburg JL, Huang KC.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2019.10.011	2019
Enzymology	Quantification of bacterial groups within human fecal flora by oligonucleotide probe hybridization.	Sghir A, Gramet G, Suau A, Rochet V, Pochart P, Dore J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.5.2263-2266.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigrescens spp. isolated in Spain.	Andres MT, Chung WO, Roberts MC, Fierro JF.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.11.3022	1998
Pathogenicity	Comparative activities of eight quinolones against members of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Borobio MV, Conejo M, Ramirez E, Suarez AI, Perea EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.6.1442	1994
	Biochemical and genetic analyses of a catalase from the anaerobic bacterium Bacteroides fragilis.	Rocha ER, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.177.11.3111-3119.1995	1995
Enzymology	Biochemical properties and purification of metallo-beta-lactamase from Bacteroides fragilis.	Bandoh K, Muto Y, Watanabe K, Katoh N, Ueno K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.2.371	1991
	Bacteroides fragilis meningitis successfully treated with metronidazole after a previous failure with thiamphenicol.	Soriano F, Aguado JM, Tornero J, Fernandez-Guerrero ML, Gomez-Garces JL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.24.3.472-473.1986	1986
Metabolism	Metabolism of Oxo-Bile Acids and Characterization of Recombinant 12alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases from Bile Acid 7alpha-Dehydroxylating Human Gut Bacteria.	Doden H, Sallam LA, Devendran S, Ly L, Doden G, Daniel SL, Alves JMP, Ridlon JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00235-18	2018
Pathogenicity	Longitudinal study of susceptibilities of species of the Bacteroides fragilis group to five antimicrobial agents in three medical centers.	Turgeon P, Turgeon V, Gourdeau M, Dubois J, Lamothe F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.10.2276	1994
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile in taiwan.	Lin YC, Huang YT, Tsai PJ, Lee TF, Lee NY, Liao CH, Lin SY, Ko WC, Hsueh PR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01440-10	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of tigecycline (GAR-936) against recently isolated clinical bacteria in Spain.	Betriu C, Rodriguez-Avial I, Sanchez BA, Gomez M, Alvarez J, Picazo JJ, Spanish Group of Tigecycline.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.3.892-895.2002	2002
Metabolism	The gut anaerobe Faecalibacterium prausnitzii uses an extracellular electron shuttle to grow at oxic-anoxic interphases.	Khan MT, Duncan SH, Stams AJ, van Dijl JM, Flint HJ, Harmsen HJ.	ISME J	10.1038/ismej.2012.5	2012
Enzymology	Conventional and molecular methods for verification of results obtained with BacT/Alert Nonvent blood culture bottles.	Marlowe EM, Gibson L, Hogan J, Kaplan S, Bruckner DA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.3.1266-1269.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of FK037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, against anaerobic bacteria.	Kato N, Kato H, Tanaka Y, Bando K, Watanabe K, Ueno K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.5.957	1993
Phylogeny	Diverse tetracycline resistance genotypes of Megasphaera elsdenii strains selectively cultured from swine feces.	Stanton TB, McDowall JS, Rasmussen MA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.6.3754-3757.2004	2004
Metabolism	The effect of selected synbiotics on microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid production in a model system of the human colon.	van Zanten GC, Knudsen A, Roytio H, Forssten S, Lawther M, Blennow A, Lahtinen SJ, Jakobsen M, Svensson B, Jespersen L.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0047212	2012
Pathogenicity	Increased activity of a new chlorofluoroquinolone, BAY y 3118, compared with activities of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	Aldridge KE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.7.1671	1994
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of a new quinolone, WIN 57273, and piperacillin plus tazobactam against anaerobic bacteria.	Venezia RA, Yocum DM, Robbiano EM, Echols RM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.9.1858	1990
Pathogenicity	Antianaerobic antimicrobials: spectrum and susceptibility testing.	Brook I, Wexler HM, Goldstein EJ.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.00086-12	2013
	Comparing the similarity of different groups of bacteria to the human proteome.	Trost B, Pajon R, Jayaprakash T, Kusalik A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0034007	2012
Metabolism	Human Secretory IgM Emerges from Plasma Cells Clonally Related to Gut Memory B Cells and Targets Highly Diverse Commensals.	Magri G, Comerma L, Pybus M, Sintes J, Llige D, Segura-Garzon D, Bascones S, Yeste A, Grasset EK, Gutzeit C, Uzzan M, Ramanujam M, van Zelm MC, Albero-Gonzalez R, Vazquez I, Iglesias M, Serrano S, Marquez L, Mercade E, Mehandru S, Cerutti A.	Immunity	10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.013	2017
Phylogeny	Comparison of three different methods for detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in a tertiary pediatric care center.	Vallieres E, Saint-Jean M, Rallu F.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02219-12	2013
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of a special panel of 74 Bacteroides fragilis group isolates in Wilkins-Chalgren agar with and without sheep blood.	Gill CJ, Shungu DL, Ponticas S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.33.3.394	1989
	Validation and reproducibility assessment of tigecycline MIC determinations by Etest.	Bolmstrom A, Karlsson A, Engelhardt A, Ho P, Petersen PJ, Bradford PA, Jones CH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00089-07	2007
Metabolism	A MATE family multidrug efflux transporter pumps out fluoroquinolones in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Miyamae S, Ueda O, Yoshimura F, Hwang J, Tanaka Y, Nikaido H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.12.3341-3346.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Antianaerobic activity of the ketolide RU 64004 compared to activities of four macrolides, five beta-lactams, clindamycin, and metronidazole.	Ednie LM, Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.5.1037	1997
Pathogenicity	Multicenter study of in vitro susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis group, 1995 to 1996, with comparison of resistance trends from 1990 to 1996.	Snydman DR, Jacobus NV, McDermott LA, Supran S, Cuchural GJ, Finegold S, Harrell L, Hecht DW, Iannini P, Jenkins S, Pierson C, Rihs J, Gorbach SL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.10.2417	1999
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of gemifloxacin (SB 265805) against anaerobes.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Warren Y, Tyrrell K, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.9.2231	1999
Enzymology	Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous levofloxacin at 750 milligrams and various doses of metronidazole in healthy adult subjects.	Sprandel KA, Schriever CA, Pendland SL, Quinn JP, Gotfried MH, Hackett S, Graham MB, Danziger LH, Rodvold KA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.12.4597-4605.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Discovery of a novel class of boron-based antibacterials with activity against gram-negative bacteria.	Hernandez V, Crepin T, Palencia A, Cusack S, Akama T, Baker SJ, Bu W, Feng L, Freund YR, Liu L, Meewan M, Mohan M, Mao W, Rock FL, Sexton H, Sheoran A, Zhang Y, Zhang YK, Zhou Y, Nieman JA, Anugula MR, Keramane el M, Savariraj K, Reddy DS, Sharma R, Subedi R, Singh R, O'Leary A, Simon NL, De Marsh PL, Mushtaq S, Warner M, Livermore DM, Alley MR, Plattner JJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.02058-12	2013
Enzymology	Detection of unculturable bacteria in periodontal health and disease by PCR.	Harper-Owen R, Dymock D, Booth V, Weightman AJ, Wade WG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.5.1469-1473.1999	1999
Metabolism	Characterization of the primary starch utilization operon in the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis: Regulation by carbon source and oxygen.	Spence C, Wells WG, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00125-06	2006
Pathogenicity	Multicenter survey of the changing in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Peptostreptococcus species.	Aldridge KE, Ashcraft D, Cambre K, Pierson CL, Jenkins SG, Rosenblatt JE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.4.1238-1243.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of porcine Brachyspira (Serpulina) species isolates.	Karlsson M, Fellstrom C, Gunnarsson A, Landen A, Franklin A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.6.2596-2604.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of Y-688, a new 7-substituted fluoroquinolone, against anaerobic bacteria.	MacGowan AP, Bowker KE, Wootton M, Holt HA, Reeves DS.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.2.419	1998
	Evaluation of the AnaeroPack system for growth of clinically significant anaerobes.	Delaney ML, Onderdonk AB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.3.558-562.1997	1997
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility to five antimicrobial agents of strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group isolated in Brazil.	De Almeida AE, De Uzeda M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.4.617	1987
	Comparison of three transport systems (Starplex StarSwab II, the new Copan Vi-Pak Amies Agar Gel collection and transport swabs, and BBL Port-A-Cul) for maintenance of anaerobic and fastidious aerobic organisms.	Hindiyeh M, Acevedo V, Carroll KC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.1.377-380.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Bactericidal activities of new beta-lactam antibiotics against Bacteroides fragilis.	Yu PK, Washington JA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.24.1.1	1983
Pathogenicity	Pyrazolopyrimidinediones are selective agents for Helicobacter pylori that suppress growth through inhibition of glutamate racemase (MurI).	de Jonge BL, Kutschke A, Uria-Nickelsen M, Kamp HD, Mills SD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00226-09	2009
Phylogeny	Efficient differentiation of Mycobacterium avium complex species and subspecies by use of five-target multiplex PCR.	Shin SJ, Lee BS, Koh WJ, Manning EJ, Anklam K, Sreevatsan S, Lambrecht RS, Collins MT.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00904-10	2010
Pathogenicity	Fourth Belgian multicentre survey of antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria.	Wybo I, Van den Bossche D, Soetens O, Vekens E, Vandoorslaer K, Claeys G, Glupczynski Y, Ieven M, Melin P, Nonhoff C, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, Verhaegen J, Pierard D.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkt344	2014
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of telithromycin and 10 oral agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren Y, Tyrrel KL, Fernandez H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.6.1963-1967.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	Comparative activity of beta-lactamase inhibitors YTR 830, clavulanate, and sulbactam combined with beta-lactams against beta-lactamase-producing anaerobes.	Appelbaum PC, Jacobs MR, Spangler SK, Yamabe S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.30.5.789	1986
	Statistical methods for establishing quality control ranges for antibacterial agents in Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute susceptibility testing.	Turnidge J, Bordash G.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01457-06	2007
	Humoral immune responses to S-layer-like proteins of Bacteroides forsythus.	Yoneda M, Hirofuji T, Motooka N, Nozoe K, Shigenaga K, Anan H, Miura M, Kabashima H, Matsumoto A, Maeda K.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.10.3.383-387.2003	2003
Phylogeny	New degenerate Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides-specific 16S ribosomal DNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes reveal high bacterial diversity in River Taff epilithon.	O'Sullivan LA, Weightman AJ, Fry JC.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.1.201-210.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP 99,219) and other antimicrobials against clinically significant anaerobes.	Aldridge KE, Ashcraft D, Bowman KA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.2.484	1997
Pathogenicity	In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira pilosicoli isolates from humans.	Brooke CJ, Hampson DJ, Riley TV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.47.7.2354-2357.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	Activity of trospectomycin against Bacteroides fragilis and other Bacteroides species.	Jacobus NV, Tally FP.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.4.584	1988
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of bovine summer mastitis bacteria to antimicrobial agents.	Jousimies-Somer H, Pyorala S, Kanervo A.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.1.157	1996
Pathogenicity	Comparative activity of ciprofloxacin against anaerobic bacteria.	Sutter VL, Kwok YY, Bulkacz J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.3.427	1985
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of Sch 34343 and cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria.	Shafran SD, Wong J, Chow AW.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.5.749	1985
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from orthopedic implants following revision hip surgery.	Tunney MM, Ramage G, Patrick S, Nixon JR, Murphy PG, Gorman SP.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.11.3002	1998
Pathogenicity	In vitro model of colonization resistance by the enteric microbiota: effects of antimicrobial agents used in food-producing animals.	Wagner RD, Johnson SJ, Cerniglia CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00852-07	2008
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of daptomycin, vancomycin, and penicillin against Clostridium difficile, C. perfringens, Finegoldia magna, and Propionibacterium acnes.	Tyrrell KL, Citron DM, Warren YA, Fernandez HT, Merriam CV, Goldstein EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00357-06	2006
Enzymology	Evidence for late resolution of the aux codon box in evolution.	Jones TE, Ribas de Pouplana L, Alexander RW.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m112.449249	2013
Pathogenicity	Activity of cefazolin and two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and sulbactam, against Bacteroides fragilis.	Fekete T, McGowen J, Cundy KR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.2.321	1987
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of three of the newer quinolones against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.1.239	1992
Pathogenicity	Septicemia in neutropenic patients infected with Clostridium tertium resistant to cefepime and other expanded-spectrum cephalosporins.	Steyaert S, Peleman R, Vaneechoutte M, De Baere T, Claeys G, Verschraegen G.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.11.3778-3779.1999	1999
Pathogenicity	In vitro evaluation of activities of nitazoxanide and tizoxanide against anaerobes and aerobic organisms.	Dubreuil L, Houcke I, Mouton Y, Rossignol JF.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.10.2266	1996
Pathogenicity	In vitro efficacy of sulbactam combined with ampicillin against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Harris B, Carter WT, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.5.876	1985
	A low-cost paper-based synthetic biology platform for analyzing gut microbiota and host biomarkers.	Takahashi MK, Tan X, Dy AJ, Braff D, Akana RT, Furuta Y, Donghia N, Ananthakrishnan A, Collins JJ.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-018-05864-4	2018
Pathogenicity	Activity of newer beta-lactam agents against clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis and other Bacteroides species.	O'Keefe JP, Venezio FR, DiVincenzo CA, Shatzer KL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.12.2002	1987
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of gatifloxacin, two other quinolones, and five nonquinolone antimicrobials against obligately anaerobic bacteria.	Schaumann R, Ackermann G, Pless B, Claros MC, Rodloff AC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.11.2783	1999
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of biapenem (L-627), a new carbapenem, against anaerobes.	Aldridge KE, Morice N, Schiro DD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.4.889	1994
Metabolism	A Two-Cell Model for IL-1beta Release Mediated by Death-Receptor Signaling.	Donado CA, Cao AB, Simmons DP, Croker BA, Brennan PJ, Brenner MB.	Cell Rep	10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.030	2020
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity and single-step mutational analysis of rifamycin SV tested against enteropathogens associated with traveler's diarrhea and Clostridium difficile.	Farrell DJ, Putnam SD, Biedenbach DJ, Moro L, Bozzella R, Celasco G, Jones RN.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00688-10	2011
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of 201 anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin by oxyrase agar dilution and E test methodologies.	Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.5.1366-1367.1995	1995
Pathogenicity	Genome Location Dictates the Transcriptional Response to PolC Inhibition in Clostridium difficile.	van Eijk E, Boekhoud IM, Kuijper EJ, Bos-Sanders IMJG, Wright G, Smits WK.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01363-18	2019
Enzymology	Periodontal bacteria in rabbit mandibular and maxillary abscesses.	Tyrrell KL, Citron DM, Jenkins JR, Goldstein EJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.40.3.1044-1047.2002	2002
Metabolism	Composition and metabolic activities of bacterial biofilms colonizing food residues in the human gut.	Macfarlane S, Macfarlane GT.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00754-06	2006
Phylogeny	Actinomyces species: A danish survey on human infections and microbiological characteristics.	Hansen JM, Fjeldsoe-Nielsen H, Sulim S, Kemp M, Christensen JJ.	Open Microbiol J	10.2174/1874285800903010113	2009
Pathogenicity	Comparative activity of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, CI-960, CI-990, and WIN 57273 against anaerobic bacteria.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.5.1158	1992
	Comparison of the Copan ESwab system with two Amies agar swab transport systems for maintenance of microorganism viability.	Van Horn KG, Audette CD, Sebeck D, Tucker KA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02047-07	2008
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from intra-abdominal infections to ofloxacin and interaction of ofloxacin with metronidazole.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.11.2447	1991
	Functional Characterization of Novel Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Strains Isolated from Healthy Volunteers: A Step Forward in the Use of F. prausnitzii as a Next-Generation Probiotic.	Martin R, Miquel S, Benevides L, Bridonneau C, Robert V, Hudault S, Chain F, Berteau O, Azevedo V, Chatel JM, Sokol H, Bermudez-Humaran LG, Thomas M, Langella P.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01226	2017
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of moxifloxacin against 900 aerobic and anaerobic surgical isolates from patients with intra-abdominal and diabetic foot infections.	Edmiston CE, Krepel CJ, Seabrook GR, Somberg LR, Nakeeb A, Cambria RA, Towne JB.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.48.3.1012-1016.2004	2004
Enzymology	Rapid and sensitive detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from nonenriched stool specimens by real-time PCR in comparison to enzyme immunoassay and culture.	Grys TE, Sloan LM, Rosenblatt JE, Patel R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02013-08	2009
Enzymology	Comparison of bacterial quantities in left and right colon biopsies and faeces.	Lyra A, Forssten S, Rolny P, Wettergren Y, Lahtinen SJ, Salli K, Cedgard L, Odin E, Gustavsson B, Ouwehand AC.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v18.i32.4404	2012
Pathogenicity	A-61827 (A-60969), a new fluoronaphthyridine with activity against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	Fernandes PB, Chu DT, Swanson RN, Ramer NR, Hanson CW, Bower RR, Stamm JM, Hardy DJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.1.27	1988
	Investigation into the controversial association of Streptococcus gallolyticus with colorectal cancer and adenoma.	Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Mahdi LK, Al-jeboori T, Abubaker F.	BMC Cancer	10.1186/1471-2407-9-403	2009
Enzymology	Detection of Bacteroides fragilis in clinical specimens by PCR.	Yamashita Y, Kohno S, Koga H, Tomono K, Kaku M.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.32.3.679-683.1994	1994
Pathogenicity	Fluoroquinolone resistance in anaerobic bacteria following exposure to levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, and sparfloxacin in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.	Ross GH, Wright DH, Hovde LB, Peterson ML, Rotschafer JC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.7.2136-2140.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	High incidence of cefoxitin and clindamycin resistance among anaerobes in Taiwan.	Teng LJ, Hsueh PR, Tsai JC, Liaw SJ, Ho SW, Luh KT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.9.2908-2913.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Comparison of the bactericidal activities of piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin-sulbactam against clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Klepser ME, Marangos MN, Zhu Z, Nicolau DP, Quintiliani R, Nightingale CH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.2.435	1997
Pathogenicity	Comparison of spiral gradient and conventional agar dilution for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Jashnian F, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.6.1196	1991
Pathogenicity	Discordant results between the broth disk elution and broth microdilution susceptibility tests with Bacteroides fragilis group isolates.	Aldridge KE, Henderberg A, Schiro DD, Sanders CV.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.2.375-378.1990	1990
	Development and evaluation of oligonucleotide chip based on the 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer region for detection of pathogenic microorganisms associated with sepsis.	Kim CM, Song ES, Jang HJ, Kim HJ, Lee S, Shin JH, Kim SJ, Jeong SH, Jeong J, Koh K, Choi GE, Lee EY, Chang CL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01130-09	2010
Pathogenicity	In vivo efficacy of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219), a new quinolone with extended activities against gram-positive pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Bacteroides fragilis.	Girard AE, Girard D, Gootz TD, Faiella JA, Cimochowski CR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.39.10.2210	1995
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of levofloxacin against a selected group of anaerobic bacteria isolated from skin and soft tissue infections.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Molitoris D, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.4.984	1998
Pathogenicity	Variation in susceptibility patterns of species within the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Hansen SL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.17.4.686	1980
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of 394 Bacteroides fragilis, non-B. fragilis group Bacteroides species, and Fusobacterium species to newer antimicrobial agents.	Appelbaum PC, Spangler SK, Jacobs MR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.6.1214	1991
	Clinical and in vitro efficacy of amoxicillin against bacteria associated with feline skin wounds and abscesses.	Roy J, Messier S, Labrecque O, Cox WR.	Can Vet J		2007
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of Bay Y3118 against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.11.2509	1993
Pathogenicity	Activity of cefmetazole against anaerobic bacteria.	Cornick NA, Jacobus NV, Gorbach SL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.12.2010	1987
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of the des-fluoro(6) Quinolone BMS-284756 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human bite wound infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren YA, Tyrrell KL, Fernandez H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.3.866-870.2002	2002
Pathogenicity	Disk diffusion susceptibility testing of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Horn R, Bourgault AM, Lamothe F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.10.1596	1987
Pathogenicity	Linezolid activity compared to those of selected macrolides and other agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from soft tissue bite infections in humans.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.6.1469	1999
Enzymology	BactQuant: an enhanced broad-coverage bacterial quantitative real-time PCR assay.	Liu CM, Aziz M, Kachur S, Hsueh PR, Huang YT, Keim P, Price LB.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-56	2012
	Conservation of fimbriae and the hemagglutinating adhesin HA-Ag2 among Porphyromonas gingivalis strains and other anaerobic bacteria studied by epitope mapping analysis.	Du L, Pellen-Mussi P, Chandad F, Mouton C, Bonnaure-Mallet M.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.4.6.711-714.1997	1997
Pathogenicity	Activity of gatifloxacin compared to those of five other quinolones versus aerobic and anaerobic isolates from skin and soft tissue samples of human and animal bite wound infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Tyrrell K, Warren Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.6.1475	1999
Enzymology	Detection of Campylobacter species and Arcobacter butzleri in stool samples by use of real-time multiplex PCR.	de Boer RF, Ott A, Guren P, van Zanten E, van Belkum A, Kooistra-Smid AM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01716-12	2013
Pathogenicity	Predicting the susceptibility of anaerobes to cefoperazone, cefotaxime, and cefoxitin with the thioglycolate broth disk procedure.	Zabransky RJ, Birk RJ, Kurzynski TA, Toohey KL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.24.2.181-185.1986	1986
Phylogeny	Effect of lake trophic status and rooted macrophytes on community composition and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in freshwater sediments.	Herrmann M, Saunders AM, Schramm A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02806-08	2009
Enzymology	Rapid identification of bacteria from positive blood cultures by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profile analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.	Christensen JE, Stencil JA, Reed KD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.41.8.3790-3800.2003	2003
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of cefotetan compared with that of other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.4.601	1988
	Bacteroides dorei dominates gut microbiome prior to autoimmunity in Finnish children at high risk for type 1 diabetes.	Davis-Richardson AG, Ardissone AN, Dias R, Simell V, Leonard MT, Kemppainen KM, Drew JC, Schatz D, Atkinson MA, Kolaczkowski B, Ilonen J, Knip M, Toppari J, Nurminen N, Hyoty H, Veijola R, Simell T, Mykkanen J, Simell O, Triplett EW.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2014.00678	2014
Pathogenicity	In vitro antimicrobial activity of MSI-78, a magainin analog.	Fuchs PC, Barry AL, Brown SD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.5.1213	1998
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler H, Carter WT, Harris BH, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.4.674	1985
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867).	Prabhala RH, Rao B, Marshall R, Bansal MB, Thadepalli H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.26.5.785	1984
Pathogenicity	Effect of beta-lactamase inhibitors on the activities of various beta-lactam agents against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.6.1219	1991
Pathogenicity	Effect of inoculum, pH, and medium on the activity of ciprofloxacin against anaerobic bacteria.	Borobio MV, Perea EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.25.3.342	1984
Phylogeny	Differentiation of Bacteroides fragilis species by gas chromatographic detection of phenylacetic acid.	van Assche PF.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.8.5.614-615.1978	1978
Pathogenicity	Effect of carbon dioxide and pH on susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group to erythromycin.	Hansen SL, Swomley P, Drusano G.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.19.2.335	1981
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and imipenem against anaerobic bacteria isolated from community hospitals.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.29.1.158	1986
Metabolism	Serum antibodies to Porphyromonas gingivalis block the prostaglandin E2 response to lipopolysaccharide by mononuclear cells.	Bainbridge BW, Page RC, Darveau RP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.65.11.4801-4805.1997	1997
Enzymology	Carbohydrate repression of catalase synthesis in Bacteroides fragilis.	Gregory EM, Veltri BJ, Wagner DL, Wilkins TD.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.129.1.534-535.1977	1977
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of clinafloxacin against contemporary clinical bacterial isolates from 10 North American centers.	Fuchs PC, Barry AL, Brown SD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.5.1274	1998
Metabolism	Identification of genes encoding tRNA modification enzymes by comparative genomics.	de Crecy-Lagard V.	Methods Enzymol	10.1016/s0076-6879(07)25007-4	2007
	Inhibition of macrophage phagocytosis by Bacteroides fragilis in vivo and in vitro.	Rodloff AC, Becker J, Blanchard DK, Klein TW, Hahn H, Friedman H.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.52.2.488-492.1986	1986
	Proteomics As a Tool for Studying Bacterial Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance.	Perez-Llarena FJ, Bou G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.00410	2016
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new 8-methoxyquinolone.	Fass RJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.8.1818	1997
Pathogenicity	Antibacterial activity of GO 10213, a nitroimidazole derivative.	Hof H, Stroder J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.29.5.953	1986
Phylogeny	Development of a real-time PCR for identification of brachyspira species in human colonic biopsies.	Westerman LJ, Stel HV, Schipper ME, Bakker LJ, Neefjes-Borst EA, van den Brande JH, Boel EC, Seldenrijk KA, Siersema PD, Bonten MJ, Kusters JG.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0052281	2012
Enzymology	Development of a rapid PCR assay specific for Staphylococcus saprophyticus and application to direct detection from urine samples.	Martineau F, Picard FJ, Menard C, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.9.3280-3284.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of cefoperazone plus sulbactam compared with that of other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.3.403	1988
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to nine antimicrobial agents and demonstration of decreased susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens to penicillin.	Marrie TJ, Haldane EV, Swantee CA, Kerr EA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.19.1.51	1981
Phylogeny	Use of PCR and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques for differentiation of Prevotella intermedia sensu stricto and Prevotella nigrescens.	Premaraj T, Kato N, Fukui K, Kato H, Watanabe K.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.4.1057-1061.1999	1999
Pathogenicity	Effect of clavulanic acid on the activities of ten beta-lactam agents against members of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Lamothe F, Auger F, Lacroix JM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.25.5.662	1984
Phylogeny	Tunable Expression Tools Enable Single-Cell Strain Distinction in the Gut Microbiome.	Whitaker WR, Shepherd ES, Sonnenburg JL.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.041	2017
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of HR810 against 419 strict anaerobic bacteria.	Jones RN, Gerlach EH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.3.413	1985
Genetics	Development of the human infant intestinal microbiota.	Palmer C, Bik EM, DiGiulio DB, Relman DA, Brown PO.	PLoS Biol	10.1371/journal.pbio.0050177	2007
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of 10 antimicrobial agents against bacterial vaginosis-associated anaerobic isolates from pregnant Japanese and Thai women.	Puapermpoonsiri S, Watanabe K, Kato N, Ueno K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.10.2297	1997
Pathogenicity	Differences in susceptibilities of species of the Bacteroides fragilis group to several beta-lactam antibiotics: indole production as an indicator of resistance.	Jenkins SG, Birk RJ, Zabransky RJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.22.4.628	1982
Pathogenicity	Comparative In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 1,001 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Vreni Merriam C, Warren Y, Tyrrell KL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.44.9.2389-2394.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Antipropionibacterial activity of BAL19403, a novel macrolide antibiotic.	Heller S, Kellenberger L, Shapiro S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00062-07	2007
Pathogenicity	N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787): in vitro activity against anaerobic bacteria.	Martin DA, Sanders CV, Marier RL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.21.1.168	1982
	Comparison of four commercial brucella agar media for growth of anaerobic organisms.	Mangels JI, Douglas BP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.10.2268-2271.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	Factors affecting the in vitro activity of cefoperazone against the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Sutter VL, Kwok YY.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.20.6.723	1981
Metabolism	GT160-246, a toxin binding polymer for treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis.	Kurtz CB, Cannon EP, Brezzani A, Pitruzzello M, Dinardo C, Rinard E, Acheson DW, Fitzpatrick R, Kelly P, Shackett K, Papoulis AT, Goddard PJ, Barker RH, Palace GP, Klinger JD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.8.2340-2347.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of niridazole and metronidazole against anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria.	Hof H, Sticht-Groh V, Muller KM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.22.2.332	1982
	The structurally similar, penta-acylated lipopolysaccharides of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides elicit strikingly different innate immune responses.	Berezow AB, Ernst RK, Coats SR, Braham PH, Karimi-Naser LM, Darveau RP.	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2009.04.015	2009
Pathogenicity	Spiral gradient endpoint method compared to standard agar dilution for susceptibility testing of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli.	Hill GB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.5.975-979.1991	1991
Enzymology	Annual incidence, epidemiology, and comparative in vitro susceptibilities to cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefmetazole, and ceftizoxime of recent community-acquired isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.11.2361-2366.1988	1988
Pathogenicity	Fastidious anaerobe agar compared with Wilkins-Chalgren agar, brain heart infusion agar, and brucella agar for susceptibility testing of Fusobacterium species.	Brazier JS, Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Ostovari MI.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.11.2280	1990
Pathogenicity	Effect of tigecycline on normal oropharyngeal and intestinal microflora.	Nord CE, Sillerstrom E, Wahlund E.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00373-06	2006
	Preliminary study using species-specific oligonucleotide probe for rRNA of Bilophila wadsworthia.	Sapico FL, Reeves D, Wexler HM, Duncan J, Wilson KH, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.32.10.2510-2513.1994	1994
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of DU-6859a against anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Reeves D, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.10.2504	1994
Pathogenicity	Antibiotic- and method-dependent variation in susceptibility testing results of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates.	Aldridge KE, Sanders CV.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.12.2317-2321.1987	1987
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to BAY v 3522.	Nord CE, Rylander M, Norrby SR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.3.594	1991
Metabolism	Fructose 6-phosphate phosphorylation in Bacteroides species.	Roberton AM, Glucina PG.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.150.3.1056-1060.1982	1982
Phylogeny	Development of a PCR assay for identification of staphylococci at genus and species levels.	Martineau F, Picard FJ, Ke D, Paradis S, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.7.2541-2547.2001	2001
	Novel FR-900493 Analogues That Inhibit the Outgrowth of Clostridium difficile Spores.	Mitachi K, Yun HG, Kurosu SM, Eslamimehr S, Lemieux MR, Klaic L, Clemons WM, Kurosu M.	ACS Omega	10.1021/acsomega.7b01740	2018
Enzymology	Quantitative detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis DNA in blood to diagnose bacteremia in patients in the intensive care unit.	Peters RP, van Agtmael MA, Gierveld S, Danner SA, Groeneveld AB, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Savelkoul PH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01056-07	2007
Genetics	Validation and Implementation of Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act-Compliant Whole-Genome Sequencing in the Public Health Microbiology Laboratory.	Kozyreva VK, Truong CL, Greninger AL, Crandall J, Mukhopadhyay R, Chaturvedi V.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00361-17	2017
Metabolism	Human beta-defensin 2 and beta-defensin 3 chimeric peptides reveal the structural basis of the pathogen specificity of their parent molecules.	Jung S, Mysliwy J, Spudy B, Lorenzen I, Reiss K, Gelhaus C, Podschun R, Leippe M, Grotzinger J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00872-10	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro antibacterial activities of PD 138312 and PD 140248, new fluoronaphthyridines with outstanding gram-positive potency.	Huband MD, Cohen MA, Meservey MA, Roland GE, Yoder SL, Dazer ME, Domagala JM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.12.2563	1993
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of azithromycin, Bay y 3118, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 194 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates.	Goldstein EJ, Nesbit CA, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.39.5.1097	1995
Metabolism	A novel mechanism for desulfation of mucin: identification and cloning of a mucin-desulfating glycosidase (sulfoglycosidase) from Prevotella strain RS2.	Rho JH, Wright DP, Christie DL, Clinch K, Furneaux RH, Roberton AM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.187.5.1543-1551.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activity of cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria isolated from community hospitals.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.2.162	1985
Pathogenicity	Activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren Y, Tyrrell K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.11.2801	1999
Enzymology	Beta-lactamase production in Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Prevotella pallens genotypes and in vitro susceptibilities to selected antimicrobial agents.	Matto J, Asikainen S, Vaisanen ML, Von Troil-Linden B, Kononen E, Saarela M, Salminen K, Finegold SM, Jousimies-Somer H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.10.2383	1999
Pathogenicity	E-4695, a new C-7 azetidinyl fluoronaphthyridine with enhanced activity against gram-positive and anaerobic pathogens.	Guinea J, Gargallo-Viola D, Robert M, Tudela E, Xicota MA, Garcia J, Esteve M, Coll R, Pares M, Roser R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.39.2.413	1995
Phylogeny	Analysis of mixed sequencing chromatograms and its application in direct 16S rRNA gene sequencing of polymicrobial samples.	Kommedal O, Karlsen B, Saebo O.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00213-08	2008
Pathogenicity	Reassessment of Clostridium difficile susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin.	Pelaez T, Alcala L, Alonso R, Rodriguez-Creixems M, Garcia-Lechuz JM, Bouza E.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.46.6.1647-1650.2002	2002
	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of CS-940, a new 6-fluoro-8-difluoromethoxy quinolone.	Masuda N, Takahashi Y, Otsuki M, Ibuki E, Miyoshi H, Nishino T.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.40.5.1201	1996
Pathogenicity	Gut microbiota of healthy elderly NSAID users is selectively modified with the administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and lactitol.	Bjorklund M, Ouwehand AC, Forssten SD, Nikkila J, Tiihonen K, Rautonen N, Lahtinen SJ.	Age (Dordr)	10.1007/s11357-011-9294-5	2012
Enzymology	Evaluation of the ATB 32 A system for identification of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens.	Looney WJ, Gallusser AJ, Modde HK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.7.1519-1524.1990	1990
Enzymology	Arcobacter in Lake Erie beach waters: an emerging gastrointestinal pathogen linked with human-associated fecal contamination.	Lee C, Agidi S, Marion JW, Lee J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.08009-11	2012
Enzymology	Localization of propionibacterium acnes in granulomas supports a possible etiologic link between sarcoidosis and the bacterium.	Negi M, Takemura T, Guzman J, Uchida K, Furukawa A, Suzuki Y, Iida T, Ishige I, Minami J, Yamada T, Kawachi H, Costabel U, Eishi Y.	Mod Pathol	10.1038/modpathol.2012.80	2012
Enzymology	Ruminococcin A, a new lantibiotic produced by a Ruminococcus gnavus strain isolated from human feces.	Dabard J, Bridonneau C, Phillipe C, Anglade P, Molle D, Nardi M, Ladire M, Girardin H, Marcille F, Gomez A, Fons M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.67.9.4111-4118.2001	2001
Metabolism	Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY and HmuR: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization.	Olczak T, Sroka A, Potempa J, Olczak M.	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-007-0309-7	2008
Pathogenicity	Antibacterial activities of the antiparasitic drugs nifurtimox and benznidazole.	Hof H.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.33.3.404	1989
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of cefbuperazone compared with that of other new beta-lactam agents against anaerobic gram-negative bacilli and contribution of beta-lactamase to resistance.	Del Bene VE, Carek PJ, Twitty JA, Burkey LJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.5.817	1985
Pathogenicity	Oxyrase, a method which avoids CO2 in the incubation atmosphere for anaerobic susceptibility testing of antibiotics affected by CO2.	Spangler SK, Appelbaum PC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.31.2.460-462.1993	1993
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacies of CFC-222, a new fluoroquinolone.	Kim JH, Kang JA, Kim YG, Kim JW, Lee JH, Choi EC, Kim BK.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.10.2209	1997
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of sparfloxacin (AT-4140; RP 64206), a new quinolone.	Visser MR, Rozenberg-Arska M, Beumer H, Hoepelman IM, Verhoef J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.5.858	1991
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of two new glycylcyclines, N,N-dimethylglycylamido derivatives of minocycline and 6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline, against 339 strains of anaerobic bacteria.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.10.2513	1994
Pathogenicity	Comparison of the activities of penicillin G and new beta-lactam antibiotics against clinical isolates of Bacteroides species.	Aldridge KE, Sanders CV, Janney A, Faro S, Marier RL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.26.3.410	1984
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility testing of clinically isolated anaerobic bacteria by an agar dilution technique.	Brown WJ, Waatti PE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.17.4.629	1980
Pathogenicity	Beta-lactamase production and susceptibilities to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, cefoxitin, imipenem, and metronidazole of 320 non-Bacteroides fragilis Bacteroides isolates and 129 fusobacteria from 28 U.S. centers.	Appelbaum PC, Spangler SK, Jacobs MR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.8.1546	1990
	Polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis induced and inhibited by Bacteroides spp.	Adamu SA, Sperry JF.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.33.3.806-810.1981	1981
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and routine susceptibility testing.	Wust J, Wilkins TD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.14.3.384	1978
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of broth disk elution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria with the newer beta-lactam antibiotics.	Jorgensen JH, Redding JS, Howell AW.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.3.545-550.1986	1986
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of the E test for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	Citron DM, Ostovari MI, Karlsson A, Goldstein EJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.10.2197-2203.1991	1991
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of GV129606, a new broad-spectrum trinem.	Di Modugno E, Broggio R, Erbetti I, Lowther J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.12.2742	1997
	Comparative growth rates of selected anaerobic species in four commonly used broth media.	Sottile W, Zabransky RJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.11.3.482	1977
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of DU-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Hunt Gerardo S, Hudspeth M, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.5.1193	1997
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of cefbuperazone, a new cephamycin, against anaerobic bacteria.	Prabhala RH, Thadepalli H, Rao B, Bansal MB, Marshall R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.4.640	1985
Enzymology	First case of type E wound botulism diagnosed using real-time PCR.	Artin I, Bjorkman P, Cronqvist J, Radstrom P, Holst E.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01192-07	2007
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria: evaluation of the redesigned (Version 96) bioMérieux ATB ANA device.	Dubreuil L, Houcke I, Singer E.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.6.1824-1828.1999	1999
Enzymology	Survival and detection of Bacteroides spp., prospective indicator bacteria.	Fiksdal L, Maki JS, LaCroix SJ, Staley JT.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.49.1.148-150.1985	1985
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of irloxacin and E-3846, two new quinolones.	Garcia-Rodriguez JA, Garcia Sanchez JE, Munoz Bellido JL, Trujillano I.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.6.1262	1990
Metabolism	Nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses alginate in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis and in a mouse model.	Bragonzi A, Worlitzsch D, Pier GB, Timpert P, Ulrich M, Hentzer M, Andersen JB, Givskov M, Conese M, Doring G.	J Infect Dis	10.1086/431516	2005
	Helicobacter species ribosomal DNA in the pancreas, stomach and duodenum of pancreatic cancer patients.	Nilsson HO, Stenram U, Ihse I, Wadstrom T.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v12.i19.3038	2006
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolates to cefotaxime, moxalactam, and cefoperazone.	Greenfield RA, Kurzynski TA, Craig WA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.21.5.846	1982
Enzymology	Superoxide dismutase in anaerobes: survey.	Gregory EM, Moore WE, Holdeman LV.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.35.5.988-991.1978	1978
	Increased Escherichia coli-induced interleukin-23 production by CD16+ monocytes correlates with systemic immune activation in untreated HIV-1-infected individuals.	Manuzak JA, Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Dong ZM, Hecht DK, Wilson CC.	J Virol	10.1128/jvi.01767-13	2013
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of E-4497, a new 3-amine-3-methyl-azetidinyl tricyclic fluoroquinolone.	Gargallo-Viola D, Esteve M, Llovera S, Roca X, Guinea J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.3.442	1991
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of Bacteroides and Fusobacterium spp. from foot rot in goats to 10 beta-lactam antibiotics.	Piriz Duran S, Valle Manzano J, Cuenca Valera R, Vadillo Machota S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.4.657	1990
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of pristinamycin, its components, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	Laforest H, Fourgeaud M, Richet H, Lagrange PH.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.7.1094	1988
Pathogenicity	Comparison of anaerobic susceptibility results obtained by two methods of inoculum preparation.	Bourgault AM, Lamothe F.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.20.6.1060-1064.1984	1984
	Detection of cfxA and cfxA2, the beta-lactamase genes of Prevotella spp., in clinical samples from dentoalveolar infection by real-time PCR.	Iwahara K, Kuriyama T, Shimura S, Williams DW, Yanagisawa M, Nakagawa K, Karasawa T.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.44.1.172-176.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to several antimicrobial combinations.	Pavicic MJ, Namavar F, Verboom T, van Winkelhoff AJ, De Graaff J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.5.1184	1993
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria from several French hospitals to three major antibiotics.	Dubreuil L, Devos J, Neut C, Romond C.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.25.6.764	1984
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility testing of Propionibacterium acnes comparing agar dilution with E test.	Smith MA, Alperstein P, France K, Vellozzi EM, Isenberg HD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.4.1024-1026.1996	1996
Pathogenicity	Criteria for disk susceptibility tests and quality control guidelines for the cefoperazone-sulbactam combination.	Barry AL, Jones RN.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.1.13-17.1988	1988
Phylogeny	Are putative periodontal pathogens reliable diagnostic markers?	Riep B, Edesi-Neuss L, Claessen F, Skarabis H, Ehmke B, Flemmig TF, Bernimoulin JP, Gobel UB, Moter A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01387-08	2009
	Rapid molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile and assessment of populations of C. difficile in stool specimens.	Wroblewski D, Hannett GE, Bopp DJ, Dumyati GK, Halse TA, Dumas NB, Musser KA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.02498-08	2009
Pathogenicity	Comparison of agar dilution, microdilution, and disk elution methods for measuring the synergy of cefotaxime and its metabolite against anaerobes.	Smith JA, Henry D, Ngui-Yen J, Castell A, Coderre S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.6.1104-1108.1986	1986
Enzymology	Isolation of tetracycline-resistant Megasphaera elsdenii strains with novel mosaic gene combinations of tet(O) and tet(W) from swine.	Stanton TB, Humphrey SB.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.7.3874-3882.2003	2003
	Mucin glycan foraging in the human gut microbiome.	Tailford LE, Crost EH, Kavanaugh D, Juge N.	Front Genet	10.3389/fgene.2015.00081	2015
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue animal and human bite wound infections.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren Y, Tyrrell K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.44.9.2525-2529.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo activities of the nitroimidazole CGI 17341 against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Ashtekar DR, Costa-Perira R, Nagrajan K, Vishvanathan N, Bhatt AD, Rittel W.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.2.183	1993
Enzymology	Genetic and biochemical analysis of a novel Ambler class A beta-lactamase responsible for cefoxitin resistance in Bacteroides species.	Parker AC, Smith CJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.5.1028	1993
Pathogenicity	Comparative activity of the quinolones against anaerobic bacteria isolated at community hospitals.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.4.657	1985
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of OPC-17116 against important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections.	Wakebe H, Imada T, Yoneda H, Mukai F, Ohguro K, Ohmori K, Tamaoka H, Yabuuchi Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.10.2340	1994
Enzymology	A possible role for Clostridium difficile in the etiology of calf enteritis.	Hammitt MC, Bueschel DM, Keel MK, Glock RD, Cuneo P, DeYoung DW, Reggiardo C, Trinh HT, Songer JG.	Vet Microbiol	10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.002	2008
Phylogeny	Clostridium difficile infections in a Canadian tertiary care hospital before and during a regional epidemic associated with the BI/NAP1/027 strain.	Labbe AC, Poirier L, Maccannell D, Louie T, Savoie M, Beliveau C, Laverdiere M, Pepin J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00146-08	2008
Pathogenicity	Serum and blister fluid pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activities of ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotetan, cefoxitin, ceftizoxime, and ticarcillin-clavulanate.	Jaresko GS, Barriere SL, Johnson BL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.10.2233	1992
Pathogenicity	Activities of gemifloxacin (SB 265805, LB20304) compared to those of other oral antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Vreni Merriam C, Tyrrell K, Warren Y.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.11.2726	1999
	Evaluation of the AnaeroPack system for growth of anaerobic bacteria.	Van Horn KG, Warren K, Baccaglini EJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.8.2170-2173.1997	1997
Enzymology	Multiple forms of 7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in selected strains of Bacteroides fragilis.	Hylemon PB, Sherrod JA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.122.2.418-424.1975	1975
Enzymology	Bacteremia caused by a recently described novel Desulfovibrio species.	McDougall R, Robson J, Paterson D, Tee W.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.7.1805-1808.1997	1997
Enzymology	Evaluation of the Minitek system for direct identification of anaerobic rods from positive blood cultures.	Polomski JC, McClatchey KD.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.16.4.673-675.1982	1982
Genetics	Ecological genomics of marine Roseobacters.	Moran MA, Belas R, Schell MA, Gonzalez JM, Sun F, Sun S, Binder BJ, Edmonds J, Ye W, Orcutt B, Howard EC, Meile C, Palefsky W, Goesmann A, Ren Q, Paulsen I, Ulrich LE, Thompson LS, Saunders E, Buchan A.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02580-06	2007
Phylogeny	Rapid and correct identification of intestinal Bacteroides spp. with chromosomal DNA probes by whole-cell dot blot hybridization.	Morotomi M, Ohno T, Mutai M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.54.5.1158-1162.1988	1988
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against recent clinical bacteria collected in Europe and Australia.	Livermore DM, Carter MW, Bagel S, Wiedemann B, Baquero F, Loza E, Endtz HP, van Den Braak N, Fernandes CJ, Fernandes L, Frimodt-Moller N, Rasmussen LS, Giamarellou H, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Jarlier V, Nguyen J, Nord CE, Struelens MJ, Nonhoff C, Turnidge J, Bell J, Zbinden R, Pfister S, Mixson L, Shungu DL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.6.1860-1867.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activity of new beta-lactam antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria.	Rolfe RD, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.20.5.600	1981
Pathogenicity	A new antibiotic selectively kills Gram-negative pathogens.	Imai Y, Meyer KJ, Iinishi A, Favre-Godal Q, Green R, Manuse S, Caboni M, Mori M, Niles S, Ghiglieri M, Honrao C, Ma X, Guo JJ, Makriyannis A, Linares-Otoya L, Bohringer N, Wuisan ZG, Kaur H, Wu R, Mateus A, Typas A, Savitski MM, Espinoza JL, O'Rourke A, Nelson KE, Hiller S, Noinaj N, Schaberle TF, D'Onofrio A, Lewis K.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-019-1791-1	2019
	Use of semisolid agar from initiation of pure Bacteroides fragilis infection in mice.	Walker CB, Wilkins TD.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.14.3.721-725.1976	1976
Enzymology	Sampling and pyrosequencing methods for characterizing bacterial communities in the human gut using 16S sequence tags.	Wu GD, Lewis JD, Hoffmann C, Chen YY, Knight R, Bittinger K, Hwang J, Chen J, Berkowsky R, Nessel L, Li H, Bushman FD.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-10-206	2010
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of carumonam (AMA-1080), a new N-sulfonated monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic.	Imada A, Kondo M, Okonogi K, Yukishige K, Kuno M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.5.821	1985
Enzymology	Use of randomly cloned DNA fragments for identification of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Salyers AA, Lynn SP, Gardner JF.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.154.1.287-293.1983	1983
Pathogenicity	Quality control limits for the standard anaerobic reference agar dilution susceptibility test procedure of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.	Barry AL, Fuchs PC, Allen SD, Thornsberry C, Gerlach EH, Jones RN.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.1.192-195.1989	1989
Metabolism	Real-time fluorogenic reverse transcription-PCR assays for detection of bacteriophage MS2.	O'Connell KP, Bucher JR, Anderson PE, Cao CJ, Khan AS, Gostomski MV, Valdes JJ.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.72.1.478-483.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	In vitro susceptibility of Capnocytophaga strains to 18 antimicrobial agents.	Sutter VL, Pyeatt D, Kwok YY.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.20.2.270	1981
	Microbial colonization drives expansion of IL-1 receptor 1-expressing and IL-17-producing gamma/delta T cells.	Duan J, Chung H, Troy E, Kasper DL.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2010.01.005	2010
Enzymology	Adaptation of a coculture technique to the Minitek anaerobe system.	Hussain Z, Lannigan R, Burger H, Groves D.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.4.645-646.1985	1985
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of three broth disk methods for testing the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to imipenem.	Shungu DL, Weinberg E, Cerami AT.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.6.875-879.1985	1985
	Effect of pH on an in vitro model of gastric microbiota in enteral nutrition patients.	O'May GA, Reynolds N, Macfarlane GT.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.8.4777-4783.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria isolated from female genital tract infections.	Hill GB, Ayers OM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.27.3.324	1985
Metabolism	Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels and activities of adenylate cyclase and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase in Pseudomonas and Bacteroides.	Siegel LS, Hylemon PB, Phibbs PV.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.129.1.87-96.1977	1977
	Molecular characterization of vanB elements in naturally occurring gut anaerobes.	Ballard SA, Pertile KK, Lim M, Johnson PD, Grayson ML.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.49.5.1688-1694.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of AT-4140, a new broad-spectrum quinolone.	Nakamura S, Minami A, Nakata K, Kurobe N, Kouno K, Sakaguchi Y, Kashimoto S, Yoshida H, Kojima T, Ohue T.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.33.8.1167	1989
	In vitro antibacterial activities of PD 131628, a new 1,8-naphthyridine anti-infective agent.	Cohen MA, Huband MD, Mailloux GB, Yoder SL, Roland GE, Domagala JM, Heifetz CL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.1.141	1991
Enzymology	Biological enrichment of Mycoplasma agents by cocultivation with permissive cell cultures.	Volokhov DV, Kong H, George J, Anderson C, Chizhikov VE.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00720-08	2008
Enzymology	Comparison of effects of medium composition and atmospheric conditions on detection of Bilophila wadsworthia beta-lactamase by cefinase and cefinase plus methods.	Summanen PH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.2.733-736.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Collaborative evaluation of the micro-media systems anaerobe susceptibility panel: comparisons with reference methods and test reproducibility.	Jones RN, Barry AL, Cotton JL, Sutter VL, Swenson JM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.16.2.245-249.1982	1982
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities and serogroups of clinical strains of Clostridium difficile isolated in France in 1991 and 1997.	Barbut F, Decre D, Burghoffer B, Lesage D, Delisle F, Lalande V, Delmee M, Avesani V, Sano N, Coudert C, Petit JC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.43.11.2607	1999
Pathogenicity	In vitro antibacterial activity of the combination of clindamycin and ceftazidime.	George WL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.25.5.657	1984
Enzymology	Superoxide dismutase and O2 lethality in Bacteroides fragilis.	Privalle CT, Gregory EM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.138.1.139-145.1979	1979
Pathogenicity	Effect of CO2 on susceptibilities of anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin.	Spangler SK, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.38.2.211	1994
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activity of 1-oxa-beta-lactam (LY127935) and cefoperazone with other beta-lactam antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria.	Borobio MV, Aznar J, Jimenez R, Garcia F, Perea EJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.17.2.129	1980
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of fibroblast-activating factor isolated from Porphyromonas gingivalis W50.	Mihara J, Holt SC.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.61.2.588-595.1993	1993
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of Bay y 3118, a new quinolone.	Fass RJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.11.2348	1993
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Bilophila wadsworthia by using triphenyltetrazolium chloride to facilitate endpoint determination.	Summanen P, Wexler HM, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.8.1658	1992
	Efficacy of ampicillin-sulbactam versus that of cefoxitin for treatment of Escherichia coli infections in a rat intra-abdominal abscess model.	Rice LB, Carias LL, Shlaes DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.3.610	1993
Metabolism	Properties of the penicillin-binding proteins of four species of the genus Bacteroides.	Piddock LJ, Wise R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.29.5.825	1986
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of anaerobic microdilution MIC results with the Prompt Inoculation System.	Mangels JI.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.25.6.1140-1142.1987	1987
Enzymology	Role of Bacteroides bivius beta-lactamase in beta-lactam susceptibility.	Lacroix JM, Lamothe F, Malouin F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.26.5.694	1984
	Evaluation of the oxyrase OxyPlate anaerobe incubation system.	Wiggs LS, Cavallaro JJ, Miller JM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.2.499-507.2000	2000
Enzymology	Detection of Helicobacter pylori in stomach tissue by use of a monoclonal antibody.	Husson MO, Leclerc H.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.29.12.2831-2834.1991	1991
Pathogenicity	Resistance to cefoperazone-sulbactam in Klebsiella pneumoniae: evidence for enhanced resistance resulting from the coexistence of two different resistance mechanisms.	Rice LB, Carias LL, Etter L, Shlaes DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.5.1061	1993
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria isolated from animals with ovine foot rot to 28 antimicrobial agents.	Piriz S, Cuenca R, Valle J, Vadillo S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.1.198	1992
Pathogenicity	In vitro activities of daptomycin (LY146032) and paldimycin (U-70,138F) against anaerobic gram-positive bacteria.	Chow AW, Cheng N.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.5.788	1988
Enzymology	Comparative study of pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activity of ceftizoxime and cefotaxime.	Vallee F, LeBel M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.35.10.2057	1991
Pathogenicity	Morphological response of Bilophila wadsworthia to imipenem: correlation with properties of penicillin-binding proteins.	Summanen P, Wexler HM, Lee K, Becker SA, Garcia MM, Finegold SM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.12.2638	1993
	Comparative efficacies of amoxicillin, clindamycin, and moxifloxacin in prevention of bacteremia following dental extractions.	Diz Dios P, Tomas Carmona I, Limeres Posse J, Medina Henriquez J, Fernandez Feijoo J, Alvarez Fernandez M.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.01550-05	2006
	Effect of polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution on intestinal microflora.	Morotomi M, Guillem JG, Pocsidio J, LoGerfo P, Treat M, Forde KA, Weinstein IB, Watanabe I, Mutai M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.55.4.1026-1028.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacteria associated with periodontal disease.	Sutter VL, Jones MJ, Ghoneim AT.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.23.3.483	1983
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of new beta-lactam antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs against anaerobic isolates from obstetric and gynecological infections.	Ohm-Smith MJ, Hadley WK, Sweet RL.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.22.4.711	1982
	The sequence of the single 16S rRNA gene of the thermophilic eubacterium Rhodothermus marinus reveals a distant relationship to the group containing Flexibacter, Bacteroides, and Cytophaga species.	Andresson OS, Fridjonsson OH.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.176.20.6165-6169.1994	1994
Metabolism	Hydrogenase activity and the H2-fumarate electron transport system in Bacteroides fragilis.	Harris MA, Reddy CA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.131.3.922-928.1977	1977
Phylogeny	16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study.	Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Lane DJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.173.2.697-703.1991	1991
Pathogenicity	Comparative activities of cefuroxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and ofloxacin against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from bite wounds.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.32.8.1143	1988
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibilities and beta-lactamase characterization of Capnocytophaga species.	Roscoe DL, Zemcov SJ, Thornber D, Wise R, Clarke AM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.10.2197	1992
	The Bacteroides mobilizable transposon Tn4555 integrates by a site-specific recombination mechanism similar to that of the gram-positive bacterial element Tn916.	Tribble GD, Parker AC, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.179.8.2731-2739.1997	1997
Pathogenicity	Comparison of spiral gradient endpoint and agar dilution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria: a multilaboratory collaborative evaluation.	Wexler HM, Molitoris E, Murray PR, Washington J, Zabransky RJ, Edelstein PH, Finegold SM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.1.170-174.1996	1996
Phylogeny	Evaluation of the BBL Crystal Anaerobe identification system.	Cavallaro JJ, Wiggs LS, Miller JM.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.12.3186-3191.1997	1997
Enzymology	Accuracy and reproducibility of the MicroScan rapid anaerobe identification system with an automated reader.	Stoakes L, Kelly T, Manarin K, Schieven B, Lannigan R, Groves D, Hussain Z.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.6.1135-1138.1990	1990
	Randomized comparison of ceftazidime versus clindamycin-tobramycin in the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological infections.	Blanco JD, Gibbs RS, Duff P, Castaneda YS, St Clair PJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.24.4.500	1983
Pathogenicity	In vitro evaluation of a novel ketolide antimicrobial agent, RU-64004.	Jamjian C, Biedenbach DJ, Jones RN.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.2.454	1997
	Natural relationship between bacteroides and flavobacteria.	Weisburg WG, Oyaizu Y, Oyaizu H, Woese CR.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.164.1.230-236.1985	1985
Phylogeny	DNA probes for identification of clinically important Bacteroides species.	Kuritza AP, Getty CE, Shaughnessy P, Hesse R, Salyers AA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.23.2.343-349.1986	1986
Pathogenicity	Susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to cefoperazone and other antibiotics.	Kaye D, Kobasa W, Kaye K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.17.6.957	1980
	Suppression of bactericidal activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by Bacteroides gingivalis.	Yoneda M, Maeda K, Aono M.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.58.2.406-411.1990	1990
Metabolism	Erythromycin and azithromycin transport into Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 19418 under conditions of depressed proton motive force (delta mu H).	Capobianco JO, Goldman RC.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.9.1787	1990
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of FK 027, a new orally active cephem antibiotic.	Kamimura T, Kojo H, Matsumoto Y, Mine Y, Goto S, Kuwahara S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.25.1.98	1984
Enzymology	PCR-DNA probe assays for identification and detection of Prevotella intermedia sensu stricto and Prevotella nigrescens.	Guillot E, Mouton C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.7.1876-1882.1997	1997
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro activities of GAR-936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human bite wound pathogens.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Merriam CV, Warren Y, Tyrrell K.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.44.10.2747-2751.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of CI-934, a quinolone carboxylic acid active against gram-positive and -negative bacteria.	Cohen MA, Griffin TJ, Bien PA, Heifetz CL, Domagala JM.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.28.6.766	1985
Enzymology	Fluorescent In situ hybridization allows rapid identification of microorganisms in blood cultures.	Kempf VA, Trebesius K, Autenrieth IB.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.2.830-838.2000	2000
Biotechnology	Detection of Salmonella spp. in oysters by PCR.	Bej AK, Mahbubani MH, Boyce MJ, Atlas RM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.60.1.368-373.1994	1994
Enzymology	Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by PCR amplification with pan-Mycobacterium primers and hybridization to an M. tuberculosis-specific probe.	Tevere VJ, Hewitt PL, Dare A, Hocknell P, Keen A, Spadoro JP, Young KK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.4.918-923.1996	1996
Phylogeny	Micromethod system for identification of anaerobic bacteria.	Starr SE, Thompson FS, Dowell VR, Balows A.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.25.5.713-717.1973	1973
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility of Mobiluncus species to 23 antimicrobial agents and 15 other compounds.	Spiegel CA.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.2.249	1987
Pathogenicity	Effect of different nitroheterocyclic compounds on aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria.	Hof H, Stroder J, Buisson JP, Royer R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.30.5.679	1986
	Characterization of the major outer membrane antigens of Treponema hyodysenteriae.	Wannemuehler MJ, Hubbard RD, Greer JM.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.56.12.3032-3039.1988	1988
Pathogenicity	Preparing inoculum for susceptibility testing of anaerobes.	Swenson JM, Thornsberry C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.19.3.321-325.1984	1984
Enzymology	Blood culture technique based on centrifugation: developmental phase.	Dorn GL, Haynes JR, Burson GG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.3.3.251-257.1976	1976
Phylogeny	Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium innocuum, and Clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens.	Alexander CJ, Citron DM, Brazier JS, Goldstein EJ.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.12.3209-3215.1995	1995
Phylogeny	DNA probes for the identification of Haemophilus ducreyi.	Parsons LM, Shayegani M, Waring AL, Bopp LH.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.7.1441-1445.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of E-4868, a new fluoroquinolone with a 7-azetidin ring substituent.	Guinea J, Robert M, Gargallo-Viola D, Xicota MA, Garcia J, Tudela E, Esteve M, Coll R, Pares M, Roser R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.4.868	1993
Pathogenicity	Activities of HMR 3004 (RU 64004) and HMR 3647 (RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and eight other antimicrobial agents against unusual aerobic and anaerobic human and animal bite pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue infections in humans.	Goldstein EJ, Citron DM, Hunt Gerardo S, Hudspeth M, Merriam CV.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.5.1127	1998
	Antimicrobial prophylaxis for major head and neck surgery in cancer patients: sulbactam-ampicillin versus clindamycin-amikacin.	Phan M, Van der Auwera P, Andry G, Aoun M, Chantrain G, Deraemaecker R, Dor P, Daneau D, Ewalenko P, Meunier F.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.36.9.2014	1992
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial activity of cefmenoxime (SCE-1365).	Stamm JM, Girolami RL, Shipkowitz NL, Bower RR.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.19.3.454	1981
Enzymology	Use of a species-specific DNA hybridization probe for enumerating Bacteroides vulgatus in human feces.	Kuritza AP, Salyers AA.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.50.4.958-964.1985	1985
Metabolism	Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.	Woodmansey EJ, McMurdo ME, Macfarlane GT, Macfarlane S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.10.6113-6122.2004	2004
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro and in vivo activities of six new monofluoroquinolone and difluoroquinolone 3-carboxylic acids with a 7-azetidin ring substituent.	Gargallo-Viola D, Esteve M, Moros M, Coll R, Xicota MA, de Andres C, Roser R, Guinea J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.34.12.2318	1990
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Pathogenicity	Antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of E-4767 and E-5065, two new 8-chlorofluoroquinolones with a 7-azetidin ring substituent.	Gargallo-Viola D, Ferrer S, Tudela E, Robert M, Coll R, Roser R, Guinea J.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.45.11.3113-3121.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Optimal data processing procedure for automatic bacterial identification by gas-liquid chromatography of cellular fatty acids.	Eerola E, Lehtonen OP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.9.1745-1753.1988	1988
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Genetics	A simple method that enhances minority species detection in the microbiota: 16S metagenome-DRIP (Deeper Resolution using an Inhibitory Primer).	Nakajima A, Yoshida K, Gotoh A, Katoh T, Ojima MN, Sakanaka M, Xiao JZ, Odamaki T, Katayama T.	Microbiome Res Rep	10.20517/mrr.2022.08	2022
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	Oral and Intestinal Bacterial Substances Associated with Disease Activities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study.	Kitamura K, Shionoya H, Suzuki S, Fukai R, Uda S, Abe C, Takemori H, Nishimura K, Baba H, Katayama K, Terato K, Waritani T.	J Immunol Res	10.1155/2022/6839356	2022
Genetics	Gut bacterial profile in patients newly diagnosed with treatment-naïve Crohn's disease.	Ricanek P, Lothe SM, Frye SA, Rydning A, Vatn MH, Tonjum T.	Clin Exp Gastroenterol	10.2147/ceg.s33858	2012
Proteome	Proteogenomic annotation of T6SS components identified in Bacteroides fragilis secretome.	Zakharzhevskaya NB, Shagaleeva OY, Kashatnikova DA, Goncharov AO, Evsyutina DV, Kardonsky DA, Vorobeva EA, Silantiev AS, Kazakova VD, Kolesnikova IV, Butenko IO, Vanyushkina AA, Smirnova SV, Chaplin AV, Efimov BA.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1495971	2025
	Lessons from the model gut Bacteroidales Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and future opportunities.	Comstock LE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00346-25	2025
	Bacteriophage-driven DNA inversions shape bacterial functionality and long-term co-existence in Bacteroides fragilis.	Carasso S, Keshet-David R, Zhang J, Hajjo H, Kadosh-Kariti D, Gefen T, Geva-Zatorsky N.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2025.2501492	2025
	Preparation and identification of galacto-mannooligosaccharides generated from guar gum by a recombinant beta-mannanase from Bacteroides fragilis (BF0736)	Wang X, Yan X, Liu Y, Song Z, Mayo KH, Sun L, Cui L, Zhou Y.	Food hydrocolloids.		2024
	Outer Membrane Vesicles From Bacteroides fragilis Contain Coding and Non-Coding Small RNA Species That Modulate Inflammatory Signalling in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.	Sheikh A, Scano C, Xu J, Ojo T, Conforti JM, Haberman KL, King B, Martinez AS, Pujol M, Watkins J, Lotter J, Lin EL, Zechmann B, Sevcik A, Sayes C, Gallagher ES, Lang SP, Mell J, Ehrlich GD, Taube JH, Greathouse KL.	J Extracell Biol	10.1002/jex2.70086	2025
	Highly-efficient in vivo production of lacto-N-fucopentaose V by a regio-specific alpha1,3/4-fucosyltransferase from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Wang N, Zhu Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Li Z, Xu W, Mu W.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130955	2024
	Co-occurrence of the cephalosporinase cepA and carbapenemase cfiA genes in a Bacteroides fragilis division II strain, an unexpected finding.	Valdezate S, Medina-Pascual MJ, Villalon P, Garrido N, Monzon S, Cuesta I, Cobo F.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkae166	2024
	Bacteroides fragilis Toxin Induces Sequential Proteolysis of E-Cadherin and Inflammatory Response in Mouse Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line.	Kim WS, Hwang S, Gwon SY, Jo M, Yoo SH, Hong J, Jang HN, Hong JE, Kang DH, Yun M, Rhee KJ.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms13040781	2025
	Gut microbiome influences efficacy of Endostatin combined with PD-1 blockade against colorectal cancer.	Xu J, Tian Y, Zhao B, Hu D, Wu S, Ma J, Yang L.	Mol Biomed	10.1186/s43556-024-00200-3	2024
Genetics	Comparative Evolutionary Genomics Reveals Genetic Diversity and Differentiation in Bacteroides fragilis.	Muto Y, Tanaka K.	Genes (Basel)	10.3390/genes15121519	2024
	Molecular basis of Fab-dependent IgA antibody recognition by gut-bacterial metallopeptidases.	Marquez-Monino MA, Martinez Gascuena A, Azzam T, Persson A, Manzanares-Gomez A, Aguillo-Urarte M, Brown TT, Montero-Sagarminaga A, Lood R, Naegeli A, Connell SR, Sastre DE, Sundberg EJ, Trastoy B.	EMBO J	10.1038/s44318-025-00518-w	2025
Phylogeny	Profiling the gut and oral microbiota of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients receiving pembrolizumab and eribulin.	Teng NM, Malfettone A, Dalby MJ, Kiu R, Seki D, Robinson T, Gion M, Bermejo B, Perez-Garcia JM, Prat A, Vazquez RM, Llombart-Cussac A, Curigliano G, Schmid P, Barroso-Sousa R, Mancino M, Shimizu E, Rodriguez-Morato J, Mina L, Hall LJ, Robinson SD, Cortes J.	Microbiome Res Rep	10.20517/mrr.2024.49	2025
Genetics	Genomic alterations in Bacteroides fragilis favor adaptation in colorectal cancer microenvironment.	Yang H, Gan Y, Jiang S, Zhu X, Xia Y, Gong D, Xie X, Gong Y, Zhang Y, Lei Q, Wang M, Li J.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-025-11421-3	2025
	Membrane vesicles produced by next-generation probiotics from the gut as innovative tools for human health.	Abraham L, Raise A, Beney L, Lapaquette P, Rieu A.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2025.2552344	2025
	Community composition and the environment modulate the population dynamics of type VI secretion in human gut bacteria.	Robitaille S, Simmons EL, Verster AJ, McClure EA, Royce DB, Trus E, Swartz K, Schultz D, Nadell CD, Ross BD.	Nat Ecol Evol	10.1038/s41559-023-02230-6	2023
	A highly conserved SusCD transporter determines the import and species-specific antagonism of Bacteroides ubiquitin homologues.	Tong M, Xu J, Li W, Jiang K, Yang Y, Chen Z, Jiao X, Meng X, Wang M, Hong J, Long H, Liu SJ, Lim B, Gao X.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-024-53149-w	2024
	In Vitro Influence of Specific Bacteroidales Strains on Gut and Liver Health Related to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.	Garcia-Morena D, Fernandez-Cantos MV, Escalera SL, Lok J, Iannone V, Cancellieri P, Maathuis W, Panagiotou G, Aranzamendi C, Aidy SE, Kolehmainen M, El-Nezami H, Wellejus A, Kuipers OP.	Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins	10.1007/s12602-024-10219-1	2025
	Multi-omics approach for understanding the response of Bacteroides fragilis to carbapenems.	Zholdybayeva E, Kozhakhmetova S, Bayanbek D, Bekbayeva A, Auganova D, Kulmambetova G, Tarlykov P.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37049	2024
	Implications of gut microbiota-mediated epigenetic modifications in intestinal diseases	Zhang Q, Liu Y, Li Y, Bai G, Pang J, Wu M, Li J, Zhao X, Xia Y.	Gut microbes		2025
Genetics	Positive nutritional selection of adults with healthy lifestyle and high daily fiber consumption for the isolation of beneficial intestinal bacteria: The iTARGET cohort study protocol.	Caille A, Connan C, Lyon Belgy N, Borezee E, Cherbuy C, Meunier N, Meslier V.	MethodsX	10.1016/j.mex.2025.103268	2025
	Structure and assembly of type VI secretion system cargo delivery vehicle.	He W, Wu K, Ouyang Z, Bai Y, Luo W, Wu D, An H, Guo Y, Jiao M, Qin Q, Zhang J, Wu Y, She J, Hwang PM, Zheng F, Zhu L, Wen Y.	Cell Rep	10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112781	2023
	Identification and characterization of the lipoprotein N-acyltransferase in Bacteroides.	Armbruster KM, Jiang J, Sartorio MG, Scott NE, Peterson JM, Sexton JZ, Feldman MF, Koropatkin NM.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2410909121	2024
Genetics	Structure-dependent degradation of milk oligosaccharides by newly isolated intestinal commensal bacterial strains from suckling piglets and rabbits.	Rumeau M, Chadi S, Pepke F, Beaumont M, Vicente CM, Juppeau A, Vandecasteele C, Cauquil L, Pascal G, Langella P, Knudsen C, Combes S, Martin R.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/s12866-025-04205-y	2025
	A Narrative Review on the Advance of Probiotics to Metabiotics.	Jang HJ, Lee NK, Paik HD.	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.2311.11023	2024
Pathogenicity	A bacterial sialidase mediates early-life colonization by a pioneering gut commensal.	Buzun E, Hsu CY, Sejane K, Oles RE, Vasquez Ayala A, Loomis LR, Zhao J, Rossitto LA, McGrosso DM, Gonzalez DJ, Bode L, Chu H.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.014	2024
	Complete Genome Sequence of a Bacteroides fragilis Bacteriophage, vB_BfrS_NCTC.	Tariq MA, Carding SR.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00548-21	2021
	Analysis of Bacteroides fragilis Clinical Strains Isolated in Kazakhstan.	Zholdybayeva E, Kozhahmetova S, Tarlykov P, Atavliyeva S, Mukhtarova K, Syzdykov T, Khasenov R, Shevtsov A, Amirgazin A, Daniyarov A, Ramankulov Y.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.01311-20	2021
	Therapeutic Potential of Bacteroides fragilis SNBF-1 as a Next-Generation Probiotic: In Vitro Efficacy in Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity.	Cang W, Li X, Tang J, Wang Y, Mu D, Wu C, Shi H, Shi L, Wu J, Wu R.	Foods	10.3390/foods13050735	2024
	An Archetypical Model for Engrafting Bacteroides fragilis into Conventional Mice Following Reproducible Antibiotic Conditioning of the Gut Microbiota.	Eribo OA, Naidoo CC, Theron G, Walzl G, du Plessis N, Chegou NN.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms11020451	2023
	Crystal Structure and Functional Characterization of YjgK From Salmonella Typhimurium.	Choi SY, Kim E, Yoon H, Kim HN, Kim JH, Seok SH, Seo MD.	Proteins	10.1002/prot.26854	2025
Transcriptome	Breed differences in the expression levels of gga-miR-222a in laying hens influenced H₂S production by regulating methionine synthase genes in gut bacteria.	Xing SC, Huang CB, Wu RT, Yang YW, Chen JY, Mi JD, Wu YB, Wang Y, Liao XD.	Microbiome	10.1186/s40168-021-01098-7	2021
	Assembly of a unique membrane complex in type VI secretion systems of Bacteroidota.	Bongiovanni TR, Latario CJ, Le Cras Y, Trus E, Robitaille S, Swartz K, Schmidtke D, Vincent M, Kosta A, Orth J, Stengel F, Pellarin R, Rocha EPC, Ross BD, Durand E.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-44426-1	2024
	A Porphyromonas gingivalis hypothetical protein controlled by the type I-C CRISPR-Cas system is a novel adhesin important in virulence.	Irfan M, Solbiati J, Duran-Pinedo A, Rocha FG, Gibson FC, Frias-Lopez J.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.01231-23	2024
	Bile salt hydrolase catalyses formation of amine-conjugated bile acids.	Rimal B, Collins SL, Tanes CE, Rocha ER, Granda MA, Solanki S, Hoque NJ, Gentry EC, Koo I, Reilly ER, Hao F, Paudel D, Singh V, Singh V, Yan T, Kim MS, Bittinger K, Zackular JP, Krausz KW, Desai D, Amin S, Coleman JP, Shah YM, Bisanz JE, Gonzalez FJ, Vanden Heuvel JP, Wu GD, Zemel BS, Dorrestein PC, Weinert EE, Patterson AD.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-023-06990-w	2024
	Gut microbiota in regulatory T cell generation and function: mechanisms and health implications.	Sharma A, Sharma G, Im SH.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2025.2516702	2025
	Strain diversity in the microbiome: Lessons from Bacteroides fragilis.	Carrow HC, Batachari LE, Chu H.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1009056	2020
	Fibrobacter sp. HC4, a newly isolated strain, demonstrates a high cellulolytic activity as revealed by enzymatic measurements and in vitro assay.	Froidurot A, Jacotot E, Julliand S, Grimm P, Julliand V.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00514-24	2024
	Bile acid fitness determinants of a Bacteroides fragilis isolate from a human pouchitis patient.	Fiebig A, Schnizlein MK, Pena-Rivera S, Trigodet F, Dubey AA, Hennessy MK, Basu A, Pott S, Dalal S, Rubin D, Sogin ML, Eren AM, Chang EB, Crosson S.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02830-23	2024
	Next-generation probiotics - do they open new therapeutic strategies for cancer patients?	Kazmierczak-Siedlecka K, Skonieczna-Zydecka K, Hupp T, Duchnowska R, Marek-Trzonkowska N, Polom K.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2022.2035659	2022
Pathogenicity	Rocket-miR, a translational launchpad for miRNA-based antimicrobial drug development.	Neff SL, Hampton TH, Koeppen K, Sarkar S, Latario CJ, Ross BD, Stanton BA.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.00653-23	2023
	Hadza Prevotella require diet-derived microbiota-accessible carbohydrates to persist in mice.	Gellman RH, Olm MR, Terrapon N, Enam F, Higginbottom SK, Sonnenburg JL, Sonnenburg ED.	Cell Rep	10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113233	2023
	Colorectal cancer-associated bacteria are broadly distributed in global microbiomes and drivers of precancerous change.	Minot SS, Li N, Srinivasan H, Ayers JL, Yu M, Koester ST, Stangis MM, Dominitz JA, Halberg RB, Grady WM, Dey N.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-70702-1	2024
	Biochemical Insights into a Novel Family 2 Glycoside Hydrolase with Both beta-1,3-Galactosidase and beta-1,4-Galactosidase Activity from the Arctic.	Li D, Wang Z, Yu Y, Li H, Luo W, Chen B, Niu G, Ding H.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md21100521	2023
	Structural elucidation and characterization of GH29A alpha-l-fucosidases and the effect of pH on their transglycosylation.	Yang Y, Holck J, Thorhallsson AT, Hunt CJ, Yang H, Morth JP, Meyer AS, Zeuner B.	FEBS J	10.1111/febs.17347	2025
	Lipids regulate peripheral serotonin release via gut CD1d.	Luo J, Chen Z, Castellano D, Bao B, Han W, Li J, Kim G, An D, Lu W, Wu C.	Immunity	10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.001	2023
	Hemophore-like proteins of the HmuY family in the oral and gut microbiome: unraveling the mystery of their evolution.	Olczak T, Smiga M, Antonyuk SV, Smalley JW.	Microbiol Mol Biol Rev	10.1128/mmbr.00131-23	2024
	CryoEM structure and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses of porcine retinol-binding protein 3.	Kaushik V, Gessa L, Kumar N, Pinkas M, Czarnocki-Cieciura M, Palczewski K, Novacek J, Fernandes H.	Open Biol	10.1098/rsob.240180	2025
	A Combination of Structural, Genetic, Phenotypic and Enzymatic Analyses Reveals the Importance of a Predicted Fucosyltransferase to Protein O-Glycosylation in the Bacteroidetes.	Tomek MB, Janesch B, Braun ML, Taschner M, Figl R, Grunwald-Gruber C, Coyne MJ, Blaukopf M, Altmann F, Kosma P, Kahlig H, Comstock LE, Schaffer C.	Biomolecules	10.3390/biom11121795	2021
	Detection of Vancomycin Resistant Genes in Intrinsically Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria from the Gut Microbiota of Indonesian Individuals.	Luqman A, Saising J, Prasetya YA, Ammanath AV, Andini, Amala SN, Zulaika E, Kuswytasari ND, Goetz F, Wibowo AT.	Iran J Med Sci	10.30476/ijms.2023.98767.3087	2024
Metabolism	Analysis of a phase-variable restriction modification system of the human gut symbiont Bacteroides fragilis.	Ben-Assa N, Coyne MJ, Fomenkov A, Livny J, Robins WP, Muniesa M, Carey V, Carasso S, Carasso S, Gefen T, Jofre J, Roberts RJ, Comstock LE, Geva-Zatorsky N.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkaa824	2020
Genetics	O-Mucin-degrading carbohydrate-active enzymes and their possible implication in inflammatory bowel diseases.	Labourel A, Parrou JL, Deraison C, Mercier-Bonin M, Lajus S, Potocki-Veronese G.	Essays Biochem	10.1042/ebc20220153	2023
	Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Heteroresistant Bacteroides fragilis Strains.	Baaity Z, von Loewenich FD, Nagy E, Orosz L, Burian K, Somogyvari F, Soki J.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11050590	2022
	Next-Generation Probiotics: Microflora Intervention to Human Diseases.	Zhang H, Duan Y, Cai F, Cao D, Wang L, Qiao Z, Hong Q, Li N, Zheng Y, Su M, Liu Z, Zhu B.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2022/5633403	2022
	A molecular toolkit for heterologous protein secretion across Bacteroides species.	Yeh YH, Kelly VW, Rahman Pour R, Sirk SJ.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-024-53845-7	2024
	Bacteroides fragilis outer membrane vesicles preferentially activate innate immune receptors compared to their parent bacteria.	Gilmore WJ, Johnston EL, Bitto NJ, Zavan L, O'Brien-Simpson N, Hill AF, Kaparakis-Liaskos M.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2022.970725	2022
	Capsular Polysaccharide From Bacteroides fragilis Protects Against Ulcerative Colitis in an Undegraded Form.	Zheng L, Luo M, Kuang G, Liu Y, Liang D, Huang H, Yi X, Wang C, Wang Y, Xie Q, Zhi F.	Front Pharmacol	10.3389/fphar.2020.570476	2020
	alpha-L-Fucosidases from an Alpaca Faeces Metagenome: Characterisation of Hydrolytic and Transfucosylation Potential.	Krupinskaite A, Stanislauskiene R, Serapinas P, Rutkiene R, Gasparaviciute R, Meskys R, Stankeviciute J.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms25020809	2024
	Fluid flow structures gut microbiota biofilm communities by distributing public goods.	Wong JPH, Fischer-Stettler M, Zeeman SC, Battin TJ, Persat A.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2217577120	2023
Pathogenicity	Effect of Probiotic Clostridium butyricum NCTC 7423 Supernatant on Biofilm Formation and Gene Expression of Bacteroides fragilis.	Shin DS, Rhee KJ, Eom YB.	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.2001.01027	2020
	ESKAPE Act Plus: Pathway Activation Analysis for Bacterial Pathogens.	Koeppen K, Hampton TH, Neff SL, Stanton BA.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.00468-22	2022
	GH20 and GH84 beta-N-acetylglucosaminidases with different linkage specificities underpin mucin O-glycan breakdown capability of Bifidobacterium bifidum.	Takada H, Katoh T, Sakanaka M, Odamaki T, Katayama T.	J Biol Chem	10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104781	2023
	Dietary carbohydrates alter immune-modulatory functionalities and DNA inversions in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Gal-Mandelbaum N, Carasso S, Kedem A, Ziv T, Keshet-David R, Abboud R, Zaatry R, Gefen T, Geva-Zatorsky N.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-60202-9	2025
	From Welfare to Warfare: The Arbitration of Host-Microbiota Interplay by the Type VI Secretion System.	Wood TE, Aksoy E, Hachani A.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2020.587948	2020
Pathogenicity	Bacteroides fragilis Protects Against Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Rats by Modulating Intestinal Defenses.	Zhang W, Zhu B, Xu J, Liu Y, Qiu E, Li Z, Li Z, He Y, Zhou H, Bai Y, Zhi F.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2018.01040	2018
Metabolism	Nanaerobic growth enables direct visualization of dynamic cellular processes in human gut symbionts.	Garcia-Bayona L, Coyne MJ, Hantman N, Montero-Llopis P, Von SS, Ito T, Malamy MH, Basler M, Barquera B, Comstock LE.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2009556117	2020
	Identification and characterization of invasive multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Bacteroides genomospecies in Canada.	Graham C, Eshaghi A, Sarabia A, Zittermann S, Stapleton P, Kus JV, Patel SN.	Access Microbiol	10.1099/acmi.0.000111	2020
	Exploring the sequence-function space of microbial fucosidases.	Martinez Gascuena A, Wu H, Wang R, Owen CD, Hernando PJ, Monaco S, Penner M, Xing K, Le Gall G, Gardner R, Ndeh D, Urbanowicz PA, Spencer DIR, Walsh M, Angulo J, Juge N.	Commun Chem	10.1038/s42004-024-01212-4	2024
	CRISPR-Cas Systems in Bacteroides fragilis, an Important Pathobiont in the Human Gut Microbiome.	Tajkarimi M, Wexler HM.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.02234	2017
Metabolism	A clostripain-like protease plays a major role in generating the secretome of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis.	Pierce JV, Fellows JD, Anderson DE, Bernstein HD.	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/mmi.14616	2021
Pathogenicity	Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis infection exacerbates tumorigenesis in AOM/DSS mouse model.	Hwang S, Lee CG, Jo M, Park CO, Gwon SY, Hwang S, Yi HC, Lee SY, Eom YB, Karim B, Rhee KJ.	Int J Med Sci	10.7150/ijms.38371	2020
	Investigation of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in Strongyloides stercoralis-infected patients in a rural community.	Nguyen HT, Hongsrichan N, Intuyod K, Pinlaor P, Yingklang M, Chaidee A, Sengthong C, Pongking T, Dangtakot R, Banjong D, Anutrakulchai S, Cha'on U, Pinlaor S.	Biosci Microbiota Food Health	10.12938/bmfh.2021-054	2022
	The potential role of adherence factors in probiotic function in the gastrointestinal tract of adults and pediatrics: a narrative review of experimental and human studies.	Gorreja F, Walker WA.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2022.2149214	2022
Metabolism	Biochemical and structural basis of sialic acid utilization by gut microbes.	Bell A, Severi E, Owen CD, Latousakis D, Juge N.	J Biol Chem	10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102989	2023
	Promoter orientation of the immunomodulatory Bacteroides fragilis capsular polysaccharide A (PSA) is off in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).	Blandford LE, Johnston EL, Sanderson JD, Wade WG, Lax AJ.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2018.1560755	2019
	LolA and LolB are conserved in Bacteroidota and are crucial for gliding motility and Type IX secretion.	De Smet T, Baland E, Giovannercole F, Mignon J, Lizen L, Dugauquier R, Lauber F, Dieu M, Lima-Mendez G, Michaux C, Devos D, Renzi F.	Commun Biol	10.1038/s42003-025-07817-2	2025
	Evaluation of the Effects of Different Bacteroides vulgatus Strains against DSS-Induced Colitis.	Li S, Wang C, Zhang C, Luo Y, Cheng Q, Yu L, Sun Z.	J Immunol Res	10.1155/2021/9117805	2021
Metabolism	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a Model Gastrointestinal Tract Species, Prefers Heme as an Iron Source, Yields Protoporphyrin IX as a Product, and Acts as a Heme Reservoir.	Mesle MM, Gray CR, Dlakic M, DuBois JL.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.04815-22	2023
	Commensal Microbiota Modulation of Natural Resistance to Virus Infection.	Stefan KL, Kim MV, Iwasaki A, Kasper DL.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.047	2020
	Transcriptional regulatory networks of the human gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron are uncovered using machine learning.	Kim K, Choe D, Kim SC, Yim SS, Jeong KJ, Palsson B, Cho S, Cho BK.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkaf1166	2025
	Proteome-wide bioinformatic annotation and functional validation of the monotopic phosphoglycosyl transferase superfamily.	Durand T, Dodge GJ, Siuda RP, Higinbotham HR, Arbour CA, Ghosh S, Allen KN, Imperiali B.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2417572121	2024
	Gut microbiota and brain-resident CD4⁺ T cells shape behavioral outcomes in autism spectrum disorder.	Park JC, Sim MA, Lee C, Park HE, Lee J, Choi SY, Byun S, Ko H, Lee H, Kim SW, Noh J, Park G, Lee S, Kim TK, Im SH.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-61544-0	2025
Transcriptome	rSeqTU-A Machine-Learning Based R Package for Prediction of Bacterial Transcription Units.	Niu SY, Liu B, Ma Q, Chou WC.	Front Genet	10.3389/fgene.2019.00374	2019
Metabolism	Strain-level fitness in the gut microbiome is an emergent property of glycans and a single metabolite.	Park SY, Rao C, Coyte KZ, Kuziel GA, Zhang Y, Huang W, Franzosa EA, Weng JK, Huttenhower C, Rakoff-Nahoum S.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.002	2022
Pathogenicity	Prevotella copri variants among a single host diverge in sphingolipid production.	Xiao X, Le HH, Lee M-T, Lamm D, Johnson EL, Brito IL.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02409-23	2024
Metabolism	The commensal bacterium Bacteroides fragilis down-regulates ferroportin expression and alters iron homeostasis in macrophages.	Verma S, Prescott R, Cherayil BJ.	J Leukoc Biol	10.1002/jlb.2a1018-408rr	2019
Metabolism	Identification of a Fifth Antibacterial Toxin Produced by a Single Bacteroides fragilis Strain.	Shumaker AM, Laclare McEneany V, Coyne MJ, Silver PA, Comstock LE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00577-18	2019
Pathogenicity	Fucosylated TLR4 mediates communication between mutualist fucotrophic microbiota and mammalian gut mucosa.	Nanthakumar NN, Meng D, Newburg DS.	Front Med (Lausanne)	10.3389/fmed.2023.1070734	2023
Pathogenicity	Glucosylceramide production maintains colon integrity in response to Bacteroides fragilis toxin-induced colon epithelial cell signaling.	Patterson L, Allen J, Posey I, Shaw JJP, Costa-Pinheiro P, Walker SJ, Gademsey A, Wu X, Wu S, Zachos NC, Fox TE, Sears CL, Kester M.	FASEB J	10.1096/fj.202001669r	2020
Genetics	A single chromosome assembly of Bacteroides fragilis strain BE1 from Illumina and MinION nanopore sequencing data.	Risse J, Thomson M, Patrick S, Blakely G, Koutsovoulos G, Blaxter M, Watson M.	Gigascience	10.1186/s13742-015-0101-6	2015
Metabolism	Gut Symbiont Bacteroides fragilis Secretes a Eukaryotic-Like Ubiquitin Protein That Mediates Intraspecies Antagonism.	Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Coyne MJ, Roelofs KG, Gentyala RR, Caldwell JM, Comstock LE.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01902-17	2017
Pathogenicity	New insights into microbial bile salt hydrolases: from physiological roles to potential applications.	Dong Z, Yang S, Tang C, Li D, Kan Y, Yao L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1513541	2025
	An inventory of early branch points in microbial phosphonate biosynthesis.	Li S, Horsman GP.	Microb Genom	10.1099/mgen.0.000781	2022
Pathogenicity	A multi-omics spatial framework for host-microbiome dissection within the intestinal tissue microenvironment.	Zhu B, Bai Y, Yeo YY, Lu X, Rovira-Clave X, Chen H, Yeung J, Nkosi D, Glickman J, Delgado-Gonzalez A, Gerber GK, Angelo M, Shalek AK, Nolan GP, Jiang S.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-025-56237-7	2025
Pathogenicity	Novel Antifungal Activity of Q-Griffithsin, a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Lectin.	Nabeta HW, Kouokam JC, Lasnik AB, Fuqua JL, Palmer KE.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.00957-21	2021
	Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.	Calvez V, Puca P, Di Vincenzo F, Del Gaudio A, Bartocci B, Murgiano M, Iaccarino J, Parand E, Napolitano D, Pugliese D, Gasbarrini A, Scaldaferri F.	Biomedicines	10.3390/biomedicines13020305	2025
	The Histidine Biosynthetic Genes in the Superphylum Bacteroidota-Rhodothermota-Balneolota-Chlorobiota: Insights into the Evolution of Gene Structure and Organization.	Del Duca S, Riccardi C, Vassallo A, Fontana G, Castronovo LM, Chioccioli S, Fani R.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9071439	2021
	Spatially distinct physiology of Bacteroides fragilis within the proximal colon of gnotobiotic mice.	Donaldson GP, Chou WC, Manson AL, Rogov P, Abeel T, Bochicchio J, Ciulla D, Melnikov A, Ernst PB, Chu H, Giannoukos G, Earl AM, Mazmanian SK.	Nat Microbiol	10.1038/s41564-020-0683-3	2020
	Designing a multi-epitopic vaccine against the enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis based on immunoinformatics approach.	Majid M, Andleeb S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-019-55613-w	2019
	Predicting synonymous codon usage and optimizing the heterologous gene for expression in E. coli.	Tian J, Yan Y, Yue Q, Liu X, Chu X, Wu N, Fan Y.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-10546-0	2017
	Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota.	Garcia-Bayona L, Comstock LE.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01762-19	2019
Pathogenicity	Toxin-linked mobile genetic elements in major enteric bacterial pathogens.	Panwar S, Kumari S, Verma J, Bakshi S, Narendrakumar L, Paul D, Das B.	Gut Microbiome (Camb)	10.1017/gmb.2023.2	2023
Metabolism	WbgL: a novel bacterial alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase for the synthesis of 2'-fucosyllactose.	Engels L, Elling L.	Glycobiology	10.1093/glycob/cwt096	2014
	Assessing and removing the effect of unwanted technical variations in microbiome data.	Fachrul M, Meric G, Inouye M, Pamp SJ, Salim A.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-26141-x	2022
Enzymology	Identification of the alpha-enolase P46 in the extracellular membrane vesicles of Bacteroides fragilis.	Ferreira TG, Trindade CNDR, Bell P, Teixeira-Ferreira A, Perales JE, Vommaro RC, Domingues RMCP, Ferreira EO.	Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz	10.1590/0074-02760170340	2018
Metabolism	Two new gene clusters involved in the degradation of plant cell wall from the fecal microbiota of Tunisian dromedary.	Ameri R, Laville E, Potocki-Veronese G, Trabelsi S, Mezghani M, Elgharbi F, Bejar S.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0194621	2018
Metabolism	Convergent evolution of a modified, acetate-driven TCA cycle in bacteria.	Kwong WK, Zheng H, Moran NA.	Nat Microbiol	10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.67	2017
Metabolism	Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.	Roussin L, Prince N, Perez-Pardo P, Kraneveld AD, Rabot S, Naudon L.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8091369	2020
	Exploratory Investigation of Bacteroides fragilis Transcriptional Response during In vitro Exposure to Subinhibitory Concentration of Metronidazole.	de Freitas MC, Resende JA, Ferreira-Machado AB, Saji GD, de Vasconcelos AT, da Silva VL, Nicolas MF, Diniz CG.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2016.01465	2016
	Type VI secretion systems of human gut Bacteroidales segregate into three genetic architectures, two of which are contained on mobile genetic elements.	Coyne MJ, Roelofs KG, Comstock LE.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-016-2377-z	2016
	Can Diet Influence Our Health by Altering Intestinal Microbiota-Derived Fecal Metabolites?	Lyu Q, Hsu CC.	mSystems	10.1128/msystems.00187-17	2018
Metabolism	The symbiotic bacterial surface factor polysaccharide A on Bacteroides fragilis inhibits IL-1beta-induced inflammation in human fetal enterocytes via toll receptors 2 and 4.	Jiang F, Meng D, Weng M, Zhu W, Wu W, Kasper D, Walker WA.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0172738	2017
	Early Inoculation of Microbial Suspension in Suckling Piglets Affects the Transmission of Maternal Microbiota and the Associated Antibiotic Resistance Genes.	Achard CS, Dupouy V, Cauquil L, Arpaillange N, Bousquet-Melou A, Floc'h NL, Zemb O.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8101576	2020
Proteome	Structures of single-layer beta-sheet proteins evolved from beta-hairpin repeats.	Xu Q, Biancalana M, Grant JC, Chiu HJ, Jaroszewski L, Knuth MW, Lesley SA, Godzik A, Elsliger MA, Deacon AM, Wilson IA.	Protein Sci	10.1002/pro.3683	2019
Metabolism	NamZ1 and NamZ2 from the Oral Pathogen Tannerella forsythia Are Peptidoglycan Processing Exo-beta-N-Acetylmuramidases with Distinct Substrate Specificities.	Borisova M, Balbuchta K, Lovering A, Titz A, Mayer C.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00597-21	2022
	Alteration of Gut Microbiota: New Strategy for Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder.	Liu J, Gao Z, Liu C, Liu T, Gao J, Cai Y, Fan X.	Front Cell Dev Biol	10.3389/fcell.2022.792490	2022
Metabolism	Diverse Intestinal Bacteria Contain Putative Zwitterionic Capsular Polysaccharides with Anti-inflammatory Properties.	Neff CP, Rhodes ME, Arnolds KL, Collins CB, Donnelly J, Nusbacher N, Jedlicka P, Schneider JM, McCarter MD, Shaffer M, Mazmanian SK, Palmer BE, Lozupone CA.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2016.09.002	2016
Enzymology	Analysis of the arabinose-5-phosphate isomerase of Bacteroides fragilis provides insight into regulation of single-domain arabinose phosphate isomerases.	Cech D, Wang PF, Holler TP, Woodard RW.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01735-14	2014
	Bacteroides vulgatus attenuates experimental mice colitis through modulating gut microbiota and immune responses.	Liu L, Xu M, Lan R, Hu D, Li X, Qiao L, Zhang S, Lin X, Yang J, Ren Z, Xu J.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2022.1036196	2022
Metabolism	A chemoenzymatic approach toward the identification of fucosylated glycoproteins and mapping of N-glycan sites.	Liu TW, Kaji H, Togayachi A, Ito H, Sato T, Narimatsu H.	Glycobiology	10.1093/glycob/cwr189	2012
Phylogeny	Ribosomal DNA Sequence-Based Taxonomy and Antimicrobial Activity of Prorocentrum spp. (Dinophyceae) from Mauritius Coastal Waters, South-West Indian Ocean.	Mussai P, Larsen J, Alrefaei AF, Jeewon R.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md21040216	2023
	The gut microbe Bacteroides fragilis ameliorates renal fibrosis in mice.	Zhou W, Wu WH, Si ZL, Liu HL, Wang H, Jiang H, Liu YF, Alolga RN, Chen C, Liu SJ, Bian XY, Shan JJ, Li J, Tan NH, Zhang ZH.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-022-33824-6	2022
Enzymology	Chemoenzymatic Defucosylation of Therapeutic Antibodies for Enhanced Effector Functions Using Bacterial alpha-Fucosidases.	Li C, Li T, Wang LX.	Methods Mol Biol	10.1007/978-1-4939-8648-4_19	2018
	The Bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island links virulence and strain competition.	Casterline BW, Hecht AL, Choi VM, Bubeck Wardenburg J.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2017.1290758	2017
Metabolism	Structural analysis of arabinose-5-phosphate isomerase from Bacteroides fragilis and functional implications.	Chiu HJ, Grant JC, Farr CL, Jaroszewski L, Knuth MW, Miller MD, Elsliger MA, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Wilson IA.	Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr	10.1107/s1399004714017052	2014
	The gut microbiome correlates with conspecific aggression in a small population of rescued dogs (Canis familiaris).	Kirchoff NS, Udell MAR, Sharpton TJ.	PeerJ	10.7717/peerj.6103	2019
	In vivo manipulation of human gut Bacteroides fitness by abiotic oligosaccharides.	Wesener DA, Beller ZW, Hill MF, Yuan H, Belanger DB, Frankfater C, Terrapon N, Henrissat B, Rodionov DA, Leyn SA, Osterman A, van Hylckama Vlieg JET, Gordon JI.	Nat Chem Biol	10.1038/s41589-024-01763-6	2025
Metabolism	Functional expression of L-fucokinase/guanosine 5'-diphosphate-L-fucose pyrophosphorylase from Bacteroides fragilis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of nucleotide sugars from exogenous monosaccharides.	Liu TW, Ito H, Chiba Y, Kubota T, Sato T, Narimatsu H.	Glycobiology	10.1093/glycob/cwr057	2011
	Origins and Molecular Evolution of the NusG Paralog RfaH.	Wang B, Gumerov VM, Andrianova EP, Zhulin IB, Artsimovitch I.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02717-20	2020
	A Small Molecule-Screening Pipeline to Evaluate the Therapeutic Potential of 2-Aminoimidazole Molecules Against Clostridium difficile.	Thanissery R, Zeng D, Doyle RG, Theriot CM.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.01206	2018
Metabolism	The developmentally regulated fetal enterocyte gene, ZP4, mediates anti-inflammation by the symbiotic bacterial surface factor polysaccharide A on Bacteroides fragilis.	Gorreja F, Rush ST, Kasper DL, Meng D, Walker WA.	Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol	10.1152/ajpgi.00046.2019	2019
	Intestinal microbes influence development of thymic lymphocytes in early life.	Ennamorati M, Vasudevan C, Clerkin K, Halvorsen S, Verma S, Ibrahim S, Prosper S, Porter C, Yeliseyev V, Kim M, Gardecki J, Sassi S, Tearney G, Cherayil BJ, Bry L, Seed B, Jain N.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1915047117	2020
	The Human Gut Microbiome as a Potential Factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder.	Alharthi A, Alhazmi S, Alburae N, Bahieldin A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms23031363	2022
	Bacteroides fragilis type VI secretion systems use novel effector and immunity proteins to antagonize human gut Bacteroidales species.	Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Geva-Zatorsky N, Comstock LE.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1522510113	2016
Metabolism	The exo-beta-N-acetylmuramidase NamZ from Bacillus subtilis is the founding member of a family of exo-lytic peptidoglycan hexosaminidases.	Muller M, Calvert M, Hottmann I, Kluj RM, Teufel T, Balbuchta K, Engelbrecht A, Selim KA, Xu Q, Borisova M, Titz A, Mayer C.	J Biol Chem	10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100519	2021
Metabolism	Anaerobic utilization of Fe(III)-xenosiderophores among Bacteroides species and the distinct assimilation of Fe(III)-ferrichrome by Bacteroides fragilis within the genus.	Rocha ER, Krykunivsky AS.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.479	2017
Phylogeny	Evolutionary aspects of the Viridiplantae nitroreductases.	Dabravolski SA.	J Genet Eng Biotechnol	10.1186/s43141-020-00073-3	2020
	Human gut bacteria contain acquired interbacterial defence systems.	Ross BD, Verster AJ, Radey MC, Schmidtke DT, Pope CE, Hoffman LR, Hajjar AM, Peterson SB, Borenstein E, Mougous JD.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-019-1708-z	2019
	Fast and accurate variant identification tool for sequencing-based studies.	Gaston JM, Alm EJ, Zhang AN.	BMC Biol	10.1186/s12915-024-01891-4	2024
	Characterization of Microbial Communities in a Dairy Farm Matrix in Ningxia, China, by 16S rDNA Analysis.	Zhang W, Li W, Ma C, Wu X, Li X, Zeng J, Deng G, Wang Y.	Int J Genomics	10.1155/2019/3827360	2019
	TLR2 and interleukin-10 are involved in Bacteroides fragilis-mediated prevention of DSS-induced colitis in gnotobiotic mice.	Chang YC, Ching YH, Chiu CC, Liu JY, Hung SW, Huang WC, Huang YT, Chuang HL.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0180025	2017
Metabolism	Identification of a New Lipoprotein Export Signal in Gram-Negative Bacteria.	Lauber F, Cornelis GR, Renzi F.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01232-16	2016
Pathogenicity	Characterization of a multidrug-resistant, novel Bacteroides genomospecies.	Salipante SJ, Kalapila A, Pottinger PS, Hoogestraat DR, Cummings L, Duchin JS, Sengupta DJ, Pergam SA, Cookson BT, Butler-Wu SM.	Emerg Infect Dis	10.3201/eid2101.140662	2015
Metabolism	Structural and functional characterization of NanU, a novel high-affinity sialic acid-inducible binding protein of oral and gut-dwelling Bacteroidetes species.	Phansopa C, Roy S, Rafferty JB, Douglas CW, Pandhal J, Wright PC, Kelly DJ, Stafford GP.	Biochem J	10.1042/bj20131415	2014
	Gut Bacteria Shared by Children and Their Mothers Associate with Developmental Level and Social Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder.	Chen Y, Fang H, Li C, Wu G, Xu T, Yang X, Zhao L, Ke X, Zhang C.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.01044-20	2020
Metabolism	Bacteroidales recruit IL-6-producing intraepithelial lymphocytes in the colon to promote barrier integrity.	Kuhn KA, Schulz HM, Regner EH, Severs EL, Hendrickson JD, Mehta G, Whitney AK, Ir D, Ohri N, Robertson CE, Frank DN, Campbell EL, Colgan SP.	Mucosal Immunol	10.1038/mi.2017.55	2018
	Monocolonization of germ-free mice with Bacteroides fragilis protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis.	Chiu CC, Ching YH, Wang YC, Liu JY, Li YP, Huang YT, Chuang HL.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2014/675786	2014
	Bacteroides spp. and diarrhea.	Wick EC, Sears CL.	Curr Opin Infect Dis	10.1097/qco.0b013e32833da1eb	2010
	Confirmed and Potential Roles of Bacterial T6SSs in the Intestinal Ecosystem.	Chen C, Yang X, Shen X.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2019.01484	2019
	A review of probiotics in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders: Perspectives from the gut-brain axis.	Feng P, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Li E.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123462	2023
	A novel bacterial beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis possessing transglycosylation and reverse hydrolysis activities.	Zhang A, Mo X, Zhou N, Wang Y, Wei G, Chen J, Chen K, Ouyang P.	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-020-01754-4	2020
	Gut complement induced by the microbiota combats pathogens and spares commensals.	Wu M, Zheng W, Song X, Bao B, Wang Y, Ramanan D, Yang D, Liu R, Macbeth JC, Do EA, Andrade WA, Yang T, Cho HS, Gazzaniga FS, Ilves M, Coronado D, Thompson C, Hang S, Chiu IM, Moffitt JR, Hsiao A, Mekalanos JJ, Benoist C, Kasper DL.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.036	2024
Metabolism	An antimicrobial protein of the gut symbiont Bacteroides fragilis with a MACPF domain of host immune proteins.	Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Coyne MJ, Comstock LE.	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/mmi.12839	2014
	The C-terminal region of Bacteroides fragilis toxin is essential to its biological activity.	Sears CL, Buckwold SL, Shin JW, Franco AA.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.00135-06	2006
Enzymology	Mother-to-child transmission of and multiple-strain colonization by Bacteroides fragilis in a cohort of mothers and their children.	Bjerke GA, Wilson R, Storro O, Oyen T, Johnsen R, Rudi K.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.05293-11	2011
	Characterization of adherent bacteroidales from intestinal biopsies of children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease.	Zitomersky NL, Atkinson BJ, Franklin SW, Mitchell PD, Snapper SB, Comstock LE, Bousvaros A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0063686	2013
Metabolism	Mutation of the zinc-binding metalloprotease motif affects Bacteroides fragilis toxin activity but does not affect propeptide processing.	Franco AA, Buckwold SL, Shin JW, Ascon M, Sears CL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.73.8.5273-5277.2005	2005
Metabolism	A metabolomics pipeline for the mechanistic interrogation of the gut microbiome.	Han S, Van Treuren W, Fischer CR, Merrill BD, DeFelice BC, Sanchez JM, Higginbottom SK, Guthrie L, Fall LA, Dodd D, Fischbach MA, Sonnenburg JL.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-021-03707-9	2021
Metabolism	Structure and sequence analyses of Bacteroides proteins BVU_4064 and BF1687 reveal presence of two novel predominantly-beta domains, predicted to be involved in lipid and cell surface interactions.	Natarajan P, Punta M, Kumar A, Yeh AP, Godzik A, Aravind L.	BMC Bioinformatics	10.1186/s12859-014-0434-7	2015
	Neonatal microbiota colonization primes maturation of goblet cell-mediated protection in the pre-weaning colon.	Johansson A, Venkita Subramani M, Yilmaz B, Nystrom EEL, Layunta E, Arike L, Sommer F, Rosenstiel P, Vereecke L, Manneras-Holm L, Wullaert A, Pelaseyed T, Johansson MEV, Birchenough GMH.	J Exp Med	10.1084/jem.20241591	2025
Pathogenicity	Susceptibility testing of Atopobium vaginae for dequalinium chloride.	Lopes dos Santos Santiago G, Grob P, Verstraelen H, Waser F, Vaneechoutte M.	BMC Res Notes	10.1186/1756-0500-5-151	2012
	Human gut derived-organoids provide model to study gluten response and effects of microbiota-derived molecules in celiac disease.	Freire R, Ingano L, Serena G, Cetinbas M, Anselmo A, Sapone A, Sadreyev RI, Fasano A, Senger S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-019-43426-w	2019
Metabolism	Lipopolysaccharide from Crypt-Specific Core Microbiota Modulates the Colonic Epithelial Proliferation-to-Differentiation Balance.	Naito T, Mulet C, De Castro C, Molinaro A, Saffarian A, Nigro G, Berard M, Clerc M, Pedersen AB, Sansonetti PJ, Pedron T.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01680-17	2017
Proteome	Theoretical and experimental characterization of the scope of protein O-glycosylation in Bacteroides fragilis.	Fletcher CM, Coyne MJ, Comstock LE.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m110.194506	2011
Metabolism	Sphingolipids from a symbiotic microbe regulate homeostasis of host intestinal natural killer T cells.	An D, Oh SF, Olszak T, Neves JF, Avci FY, Erturk-Hasdemir D, Lu X, Zeissig S, Blumberg RS, Kasper DL.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.042	2014
Biotechnology	Discovery and Biotechnological Exploitation of Glycoside-Phosphorylases.	Li A, Benkoulouche M, Ladeveze S, Durand J, Cioci G, Laville E, Potocki-Veronese G.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms23063043	2022
	Single-cell analysis of multiple invertible promoters reveals differential inversion rates as a strong determinant of bacterial population heterogeneity.	Lan F, Saba J, Qian Y, Ross T, Landick R, Venturelli OS.	Sci Adv	10.1126/sciadv.adg5476	2023
	Sphingolipids as Mediators in the Crosstalk between Microbiota and Intestinal Cells: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.	Bryan PF, Karla C, Edgar Alejandro MT, Sara Elva EP, Gemma F, Luz C.	Mediators Inflamm	10.1155/2016/9890141	2016
	A complex human gut microbiome cultured in an anaerobic intestine-on-a-chip.	Jalili-Firoozinezhad S, Gazzaniga FS, Calamari EL, Camacho DM, Fadel CW, Bein A, Swenor B, Nestor B, Cronce MJ, Tovaglieri A, Levy O, Gregory KE, Breault DT, Cabral JMS, Kasper DL, Novak R, Ingber DE.	Nat Biomed Eng	10.1038/s41551-019-0397-0	2019
Enzymology	Crystal structure of AdoMet radical enzyme 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine synthase from Escherichia coli suggests how modifications near [4Fe-4S] cluster engender flavodoxin specificity.	Grell TAJ, Bell BN, Nguyen C, Dowling DP, Bruender NA, Bandarian V, Drennan CL.	Protein Sci	10.1002/pro.3529	2019
Pathogenicity	Deficiency of the ferrous iron transporter FeoAB is linked with metronidazole resistance in Bacteroides fragilis.	Veeranagouda Y, Husain F, Boente R, Moore J, Smith CJ, Rocha ER, Patrick S, Wexler HM.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dku219	2014
	Longitudinal analysis of the prevalence, maintenance, and IgA response to species of the order Bacteroidales in the human gut.	Zitomersky NL, Coyne MJ, Comstock LE.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.01348-10	2011
Pathogenicity	Bacteroides fragilis RecA protein overexpression causes resistance to metronidazole.	Steffens LS, Nicholson S, Paul LV, Nord CE, Patrick S, Abratt VR.	Res Microbiol	10.1016/j.resmic.2010.04.003	2010
	A Phase-Variable Surface Layer from the Gut Symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Taketani M, Donia MS, Jacobson AN, Lambris JD, Fischbach MA.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01339-15	2015
Metabolism	Microbiome-derived carnitine mimics as previously unknown mediators of gut-brain axis communication.	Hulme H, Meikle LM, Strittmatter N, van der Hooft JJJ, Swales J, Bragg RA, Villar VH, Ormsby MJ, Barnes S, Brown SL, Dexter A, Kamat MT, Komen JC, Walker D, Milling S, Osterweil EK, MacDonald AS, Schofield CJ, Tardito S, Bunch J, Douce G, Edgar JM, Edrada-Ebel R, Goodwin RJA, Burchmore R, Wall DM.	Sci Adv	10.1126/sciadv.aax6328	2020
Enzymology	Preferential packing of acidic glycosidases and proteases into Bacteroides outer membrane vesicles.	Elhenawy W, Debelyy MO, Feldman MF.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.00909-14	2014
	High Prevalence of Genetically Related Clostridium Difficile Strains at a Single Hemato-Oncology Ward Over 10 Years.	Waker E, Ambrozkiewicz F, Kulecka M, Paziewska A, Skubisz K, Cybula P, Targonski L, Mikula M, Walewski J, Ostrowski J.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.01618	2020
Pathogenicity	Strain competition restricts colonization of an enteric pathogen and prevents colitis.	Hecht AL, Casterline BW, Earley ZM, Goo YA, Goodlett DR, Bubeck Wardenburg J.	EMBO Rep	10.15252/embr.201642282	2016
Metabolism	Lipopolysaccharides of Bacteroides fragilis, Chlamydia trachomatis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa signal via toll-like receptor 2.	Erridge C, Pridmore A, Eley A, Stewart J, Poxton IR.	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.45598-0	2004
Metabolism	Probiotics in human gut microbiota can degrade host glycosaminoglycans.	Kawai K, Kamochi R, Oiki S, Murata K, Hashimoto W.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-018-28886-w	2018
Phylogeny	Comparative genomic analysis identifies structural features of CRISPR-Cas systems in Riemerella anatipestifer.	Zhu DK, Yang XQ, He Y, Zhou WS, Song XH, Wang JB, Zhang Y, Liu MF, Wang MS, Jia RY, Chen S, Sun KF, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen XY, Cheng AC.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-016-3040-4	2016
Phylogeny	First Polish outbreak of Clostridium difficile ribotype 027 infections among dialysis patients.	Lachowicz D, Szulencka G, Obuch-Woszczatynski P, van Belkum A, Pituch H.	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1007/s10096-014-2204-x	2015
Pathogenicity	Metronidazole resistance in Clostridium difficile is heterogeneous.	Pelaez T, Cercenado E, Alcala L, Marin M, Martin-Lopez A, Martinez-Alarcon J, Catalan P, Sanchez-Somolinos M, Bouza E.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00524-08	2008
	Candida spp./Bacteria Mixed Biofilms.	Rodrigues ME, Gomes F, Rodrigues CF.	J Fungi (Basel)	10.3390/jof6010005	2019
Pathogenicity	Emergence of Clostridium difficile infection in tuberculosis patients due to a highly rifampicin-resistant PCR ribotype 046 clone in Poland.	Obuch-Woszczatynski P, Dubiel G, Harmanus C, Kuijper E, Duda U, Wultanska D, van Belkum A, Pituch H.	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1007/s10096-013-1845-5	2013
Metabolism	C. difficile exploits a host metabolite produced during toxin-mediated disease.	Pruss KM, Sonnenburg JL.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-021-03502-6	2021
Pathogenicity	The gut-immune-brain axis in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.	Park JC, Im SH.	Microbiome Res Rep	10.20517/mrr.2022.11	2022
	Role of T lymphocytes in liver abscess formation by Bacteroides fragilis in mice.	Chung DR, Park HR, Park CG, Hwang ES, Cha CY.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.01167-10	2011
	Human symbionts inject and neutralize antibacterial toxins to persist in the gut.	Wexler AG, Bao Y, Whitney JC, Bobay LM, Xavier JB, Schofield WB, Barry NA, Russell AB, Tran BQ, Goo YA, Goodlett DR, Ochman H, Mougous JD, Goodman AL.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1525637113	2016
	The Glutaminase-Dependent Acid Resistance System: Qualitative and Quantitative Assays and Analysis of Its Distribution in Enteric Bacteria.	Pennacchietti E, D'Alonzo C, Freddi L, Occhialini A, De Biase D.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02869	2018
Phylogeny	Fibrobacter communities in the gastrointestinal tracts of diverse hindgut-fermenting herbivores are distinct from those of the rumen.	Neumann AP, McCormick CA, Suen G.	Environ Microbiol	10.1111/1462-2920.13878	2017
	Characterizing the interactions between a naturally primed immunoglobulin A and its conserved Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron species-specific epitope in gnotobiotic mice.	Peterson DA, Planer JD, Guruge JL, Xue L, Downey-Virgin W, Goodman AL, Seedorf H, Gordon JI.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m114.633800	2015
Genetics	Genomic repeats, misassembly and reannotation: a case study with long-read resequencing of Porphyromonas gingivalis reference strains.	Acuna-Amador L, Primot A, Cadieu E, Roulet A, Barloy-Hubler F.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-017-4429-4	2018
	Anti-HmuY antibodies specifically recognize Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY protein but not homologous proteins in other periodontopathogens.	Smiga M, Bielecki M, Olczak M, Smalley JW, Olczak T.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0117508	2015
	Production of a mouse antiserum to Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin using a recombinant enterotoxin precursor.	Sandini S, Scotto d'Abusco A, La Valle R, Pantosti A.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.8.1.190-191.2001	2001
Metabolism	Biochemical characterization of an alpha1,2-colitosyltransferase from Escherichia coli O55:H7.	Wu Z, Zhao G, Li T, Qu J, Guan W, Wang J, Ma C, Li X, Zhao W, Wang PG, Li L.	Glycobiology	10.1093/glycob/cwv169	2016
Genetics	Patient-Specific Bacteroides Genome Variants in Pouchitis.	Vineis JH, Ringus DL, Morrison HG, Delmont TO, Dalal S, Raffals LH, Antonopoulos DA, Rubin DT, Eren AM, Chang EB, Sogin ML.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01713-16	2016
Metabolism	Induction of persistent colitis by a human commensal, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, in wild-type C57BL/6 mice.	Rhee KJ, Wu S, Wu X, Huso DL, Karim B, Franco AA, Rabizadeh S, Golub JE, Mathews LE, Shin J, Sartor RB, Golenbock D, Hamad AR, Gan CM, Housseau F, Sears CL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.00814-08	2009
Metabolism	Defining the bacteroides ribosomal binding site.	Wegmann U, Horn N, Carding SR.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03086-12	2013
Metabolism	Production of a human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose by metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Yu S, Liu JJ, Yun EJ, Kwak S, Kim KH, Jin YS.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-018-0947-2	2018
Metabolism	Ferritin-like family proteins in the anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis: when an oxygen storm is coming, take your iron to the shelter.	Rocha ER, Smith CJ.	Biometals	10.1007/s10534-013-9650-2	2013
	Evidence for a LOS and a capsular polysaccharide in Capnocytophaga canimorsus.	Renzi F, Ittig SJ, Sadovskaya I, Hess E, Lauber F, Dol M, Shin H, Mally M, Fiechter C, Sauder U, Chami M, Cornelis GR.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep38914	2016
Metabolism	Phylum-wide general protein O-glycosylation system of the Bacteroidetes.	Coyne MJ, Fletcher CM, Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Posch G, Schaffer C, Comstock LE.	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/mmi.12220	2013
	Tannerella forsythia Tfo belongs to Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY-like family of proteins but differs in heme-binding properties.	Bielecki M, Antonyuk S, Strange RW, Smalley JW, Mackiewicz P, Smiga M, Stepien P, Olczak M, Olczak T.	Biosci Rep	10.1042/bsr20181325	2018
Enzymology	Cephalosporinases associated with outer membrane vesicles released by Bacteroides spp. protect gut pathogens and commensals against beta-lactam antibiotics.	Stentz R, Horn N, Cross K, Salt L, Brearley C, Livermore DM, Carding SR.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dku466	2015
Metabolism	The Glycolytic Versatility of Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 and Its Genome Response to Oligo and Polysaccharides.	Benitez-Paez A, Gomez Del Pulgar EM, Sanz Y.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2017.00383	2017
	Deciphering interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system via microbial cultivation and minimal microbiomes.	Clavel T, Gomes-Neto JC, Lagkouvardos I, Ramer-Tait AE.	Immunol Rev	10.1111/imr.12578	2017
	Detection of intrastrain antigenic variation of Bacteroides fragilis surface polysaccharides by monoclonal antibody labelling.	Patrick S, Gilpin D, Stevenson L.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.67.9.4346-4351.1999	1999
Enzymology	The dissemination of C10 cysteine protease genes in Bacteroides fragilis by mobile genetic elements.	Thornton RF, Kagawa TF, O'Toole PW, Cooney JC.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-10-122	2010
Genetics	Rapid analysis of metagenomic data using signature-based clustering.	Chappell T, Geva S, Hogan JM, Huygens F, Rathnayake IU, Rudd S, Kelly W, Perrin D.	BMC Bioinformatics	10.1186/s12859-018-2540-4	2018
	Giant viruses of the Megavirinae subfamily possess biosynthetic pathways to produce rare bacterial-like sugars in a clade-specific manner.	Notaro A, Poirot O, Garcin ED, Nin S, Molinaro A, Tonetti M, De Castro C, Abergel C.	Microlife	10.1093/femsml/uqac002	2022
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Metabolism	The Potential of Gut Commensals in Reinforcing Intestinal Barrier Function and Alleviating Inflammation.	Hiippala K, Jouhten H, Ronkainen A, Hartikainen A, Kainulainen V, Jalanka J, Satokari R.	Nutrients	10.3390/nu10080988	2018
Metabolism	cis-Encoded Small RNAs, a Conserved Mechanism for Repression of Polysaccharide Utilization in Bacteroides.	Cao Y, Forstner KU, Vogel J, Smith CJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00381-16	2016
Metabolism	Bacteroidales Secreted Antimicrobial Proteins Target Surface Molecules Necessary for Gut Colonization and Mediate Competition In Vivo.	Roelofs KG, Coyne MJ, Gentyala RR, Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Comstock LE.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01055-16	2016
Enzymology	Bacteroides fragilis synthesizes a DNA invertase affecting both a local and a distant region.	Roche-Hakansson H, Chatzidaki-Livanis M, Coyne MJ, Comstock LE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.01362-06	2007
Phylogeny	Phylogeny and molecular signatures (conserved proteins and indels) that are specific for the Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi species.	Gupta RS, Lorenzini E.	BMC Evol Biol	10.1186/1471-2148-7-71	2007
	Eukaryote to gut bacteria transfer of a glycoside hydrolase gene essential for starch breakdown in plants.	Arias MC, Danchin EG, Coutinho P, Henrissat B, Ball S.	Mob Genet Elements	10.4161/mge.20375	2012
	Human Gut-Microbiota Interaction in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Current Engineered Tools for Its Modeling.	Ceppa FA, Izzo L, Sardelli L, Raimondi I, Tunesi M, Albani D, Giordano C.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2020.00297	2020
Metabolism	Clostridioides difficile exploits toxin-mediated inflammation to alter the host nutritional landscape and exclude competitors from the gut microbiota.	Fletcher JR, Pike CM, Parsons RJ, Rivera AJ, Foley MH, McLaren MR, Montgomery SA, Theriot CM.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-020-20746-4	2021
Enzymology	Rapid and sensitive assay for detection of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis.	Zhang G, Weintraub A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.36.12.3545-3548.1998	1998
	The unique hmuY gene sequence as a specific marker of Porphyromonas gingivalis.	Gmiterek A, Wojtowicz H, Mackiewicz P, Radwan-Oczko M, Kantorowicz M, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M, Fraszczak M, Bielecki M, Olczak M, Olczak T.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0067719	2013
Metabolism	Chemoenzymatic synthesis of GDP-L-fucose and the Lewis X glycan derivatives.	Wang W, Hu T, Frantom PA, Zheng T, Gerwe B, Del Amo DS, Garret S, Seidel RD, Wu P.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.0908248106	2009
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Phylogeny	Monoclonal antibodies to detect capsular diversity among Bacteroides fragilis isolates.	Pantosti A, Colangeli R, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.10.2647-2652.1995	1995
Metabolism	Characterization of the Bacteroides fragilis bfr gene product identifies a bacterial DPS-like protein and suggests evolutionary links in the ferritin superfamily.	Gauss GH, Reott MA, Rocha ER, Young MJ, Douglas T, Smith CJ, Lawrence CM.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.05260-11	2012
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Metabolism	The sialate O-acetylesterase EstA from gut Bacteroidetes species enables sialidase-mediated cross-species foraging of 9-O-acetylated sialoglycans.	Robinson LS, Lewis WG, Lewis AL.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m116.769232	2017
Metabolism	Reshaping of bacterial molecular hydrogen metabolism contributes to the outgrowth of commensal E. coli during gut inflammation.	Hughes ER, Winter MG, Alves da Silva L, Muramatsu MK, Jimenez AG, Gillis CC, Spiga L, Chanin RB, Santos RL, Zhu W, Winter SE.	Elife	10.7554/elife.58609	2021
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Metabolism	Characterization of the O-Glycoproteome of Porphyromonas gingivalis.	Veith PD, Shoji M, Scott NE, Reynolds EC.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01502-21	2022
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	Structural characteristics of polysaccharides that induce protection against intra-abdominal abscess formation.	Tzianabos AO, Onderdonk AB, Zaleznik DF, Smith RS, Kasper DL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.62.11.4881-4886.1994	1994
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Metabolism	Intestinal microbial-derived sphingolipids are inversely associated with childhood food allergy.	Lee-Sarwar K, Kelly RS, Lasky-Su J, Moody DB, Mola AR, Cheng TY, Comstock LE, Zeiger RS, O'Connor GT, Sandel MT, Bacharier LB, Beigelman A, Laranjo N, Gold DR, Bunyavanich S, Savage JH, Weiss ST, Brennan PJ, Litonjua AA.	J Allergy Clin Immunol	10.1016/j.jaci.2018.04.016	2018
	Bacteroides fragilis-derived lipopolysaccharide produces cell activation and lethal toxicity via toll-like receptor 4.	Mancuso G, Midiri A, Biondo C, Beninati C, Gambuzza M, Macri D, Bellantoni A, Weintraub A, Espevik T, Teti G.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.73.9.5620-5627.2005	2005
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Metabolism	Structural basis for conductance through TRIC cation channels.	Su M, Gao F, Yuan Q, Mao Y, Li DL, Guo Y, Yang C, Wang XH, Bruni R, Kloss B, Zhao H, Zeng Y, Zhang FB, Marks AR, Hendrickson WA, Chen YH.	Nat Commun	10.1038/ncomms15103	2017
Genetics	Metagenomic sequencing of marine periphyton: taxonomic and functional insights into biofilm communities.	Sanli K, Bengtsson-Palme J, Nilsson RH, Kristiansson E, Alm Rosenblad M, Blanck H, Eriksson KM.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2015.01192	2015
Phylogeny	Accurate and fast estimation of taxonomic profiles from metagenomic shotgun sequences.	Liu B, Gibbons T, Ghodsi M, Treangen T, Pop M.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-12-s2-s4	2011
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Metabolism	Enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis: a potential instigator of colitis.	Rabizadeh S, Rhee KJ, Wu S, Huso D, Gan CM, Golub JE, Wu X, Zhang M, Sears CL.	Inflamm Bowel Dis	10.1002/ibd.20265	2007
Metabolism	Sialic acid (N-acetyl neuraminic acid) utilization by Bacteroides fragilis requires a novel N-acetyl mannosamine epimerase.	Brigham C, Caughlan R, Gallegos R, Dallas MB, Godoy VG, Malamy MH.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00811-08	2009
Metabolism	Bioremediation of a Common Product of Food Processing by a Human Gut Bacterium.	Wolf AR, Wesener DA, Cheng J, Houston-Ludlam AN, Beller ZW, Hibberd MC, Giannone RJ, Peters SL, Hettich RL, Leyn SA, Rodionov DA, Osterman AL, Gordon JI.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2019.09.001	2019
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Genetics	Analysis of genome content evolution in pvc bacterial super-phylum: assessment of candidate genes associated with cellular organization and lifestyle.	Kamneva OK, Knight SJ, Liberles DA, Ward NL.	Genome Biol Evol	10.1093/gbe/evs113	2012
Metabolism	Commensal Bacteria-Induced Inflammasome Activation in Mouse and Human Macrophages Is Dependent on Potassium Efflux but Does Not Require Phagocytosis or Bacterial Viability.	Chen K, Shanmugam NK, Pazos MA, Hurley BP, Cherayil BJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0160937	2016
Phylogeny	Diet-induced metabolic improvements in a hamster model of hypercholesterolemia are strongly linked to alterations of the gut microbiota.	Martinez I, Wallace G, Zhang C, Legge R, Benson AK, Carr TP, Moriyama EN, Walter J.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00380-09	2009
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Metabolism	The Biosynthesis of Lipooligosaccharide from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.	Jacobson AN, Choudhury BP, Fischbach MA.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.02289-17	2018
Enzymology	Lactate dehydrogenase activity as a cause of metronidazole resistance in Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 11295.	Narikawa S, Suzuki T, Yamamoto M, Nakamura M.	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/28.1.47	1991
Pathogenicity	Pharmacodynamic properties of BAY 12-8039 on gram-positive and gram-negative organisms as demonstrated by studies of time-kill kinetics and postantibiotic effect.	Boswell FJ, Andrews JM, Wise R.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.41.6.1377	1997
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Metabolism	The capsular polysaccharide complex of Bacteroides fragilis induces cytokine production from human and murine phagocytic cells.	Gibson FC, Tzianabos AO, Onderdonk AB.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.64.3.1065-1069.1996	1996
	Genomic and Biochemical Analysis of the Diaminopimelate and Lysine Biosynthesis Pathway in Verrucomicrobium spinosum: Identification and Partial Characterization of L,L-Diaminopimelate Aminotransferase and UDP-N-Acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamyl-2,6-meso-Diaminopimelate Ligase.	Nachar VR, Savka FC, McGroty SE, Donovan KA, North RA, Dobson RC, Buckley LJ, Hudson AO.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2012.00183	2012
Metabolism	Role of glycoside phosphorylases in mannose foraging by human gut bacteria.	Ladeveze S, Tarquis L, Cecchini DA, Bercovici J, Andre I, Topham CM, Morel S, Laville E, Monsan P, Lombard V, Henrissat B, Potocki-Veronese G.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m113.483628	2013
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Enzymology	The alleles of the bft gene are distributed differently among enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis strains from human sources and can be present in double copies.	Scotto d'Abusco AS, Del Grosso M, Censini S, Covacci A, Pantosti A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.2.607-612.2000	2000
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Enzymology	A unique arabinose 5-phosphate isomerase found within a genomic island associated with the uropathogenicity of Escherichia coli CFT073.	Mosberg JA, Yep A, Meredith TC, Smith S, Wang PF, Holler TP, Mobley HL, Woodard RW.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00033-11	2011
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Metabolism	Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the sialyl Lewis X glycan and its derivatives.	Soriano del Amo D, Wang W, Besanceney C, Zheng T, He Y, Gerwe B, Seidel RD, Wu P.	Carbohydr Res	10.1016/j.carres.2010.03.032	2010
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Enzymology	Identification and quantitation of mucosal and faecal desulfovibrios using real time polymerase chain reaction.	Fite A, Macfarlane GT, Cummings JH, Hopkins MJ, Kong SC, Furrie E, Macfarlane S.	Gut	10.1136/gut.2003.031245	2004
Metabolism	PG1058 Is a Novel Multidomain Protein Component of the Bacterial Type IX Secretion System.	Heath JE, Seers CA, Veith PD, Butler CA, Nor Muhammad NA, Chen YY, Slakeski N, Peng B, Zhang L, Dashper SG, Cross KJ, Cleal SM, Moore C, Reynolds EC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0164313	2016
	Lectinlike adhesins in the Bacteroides fragilis group.	Rogemond V, Guinet RM.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.53.1.99-102.1986	1986
Metabolism	The genome sequence of Methanosphaera stadtmanae reveals why this human intestinal archaeon is restricted to methanol and H2 for methane formation and ATP synthesis.	Fricke WF, Seedorf H, Henne A, Kruer M, Liesegang H, Hedderich R, Gottschalk G, Thauer RK.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.188.2.642-658.2006	2006
Metabolism	Monocytes heterozygous for the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile mutations in the Toll-like receptor 4 gene show no deficit in lipopolysaccharide signalling.	Erridge C, Stewart J, Poxton IR.	J Exp Med	10.1084/jem.20022078	2003
	Molecular strategies for the utilisation of human milk oligosaccharides by infant gut-associated bacteria.	Kiely LJ, Busca K, Lane JA, van Sinderen D, Hickey RM.	FEMS Microbiol Rev	10.1093/femsre/fuad056	2023
Metabolism	Sialic acid, periodontal pathogens and Tannerella forsythia: stick around and enjoy the feast!	Stafford G, Roy S, Honma K, Sharma A.	Mol Oral Microbiol	10.1111/j.2041-1014.2011.00630.x	2012
Phylogeny	VNTRDB: a bacterial variable number tandem repeat locus database.	Chang CH, Chang YC, Underwood A, Chiou CS, Kao CY.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkl872	2007
	Detection of a specific bacterial antigen in urine of rats with Bacteroides fragilis infection.	Rissing JP, Buxton TB, Harris RW, Shockley RK, Craven P, Moore WL.	J Lab Clin Med		1983
	The OxyR homologue in Tannerella forsythia regulates expression of oxidative stress responses and biofilm formation.	Honma K, Mishima E, Inagaki S, Sharma A.	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.027920-0	2009
	Transcriptional regulatory network discovery via multiple method integration: application to e. coli K12.	Sun J, Tuncay K, Haidar AA, Ensman L, Stanley F, Trelinski M, Ortoleva P.	Algorithms Mol Biol	10.1186/1748-7188-2-2	2007
	The modulation of adaptive immune responses by bacterial zwitterionic polysaccharides.	Stephen TL, Groneck L, Kalka-Moll WM.	Int J Microbiol	10.1155/2010/917075	2010
Pathogenicity	[Comparison of the sporocidal effects of two different disinfectants i a model experiment with pathogenic and nonpathogenic clostridial spore as well as with Bacillus cereus].	Stockinger H, Bohm R, Strauch D.	Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed		1989
	A Subset of Polysaccharide Capsules in the Human Symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Promote Increased Competitive Fitness in the Mouse Gut.	Porter NT, Canales P, Peterson DA, Martens EC.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2017.08.020	2017
	Bacterial pathogens induce abscess formation by CD4(+) T-cell activation via the CD28-B7-2 costimulatory pathway.	Tzianabos AO, Chandraker A, Kalka-Moll W, Stingele F, Dong VM, Finberg RW, Peach R, Sayegh MH.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.68.12.6650-6655.2000	2000
Metabolism	Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis: a rogue among symbiotes.	Sears CL.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.00053-08	2009
	A protective immune response is generated in rainbow trout by an OmpH-like surface antigen (P18) of Flavobacterium psychrophilum.	Dumetz F, Duchaud E, LaPatra SE, Le Marrec C, Claverol S, Urdaci MC, Le Henaff M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00279-06	2006
Metabolism	Comparative genome-based identification of a cell wall-anchored protein from Lactobacillus plantarum increases adhesion of Lactococcus lactis to human epithelial cells.	Zhang B, Zuo F, Yu R, Zeng Z, Ma H, Chen S.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep14109	2015
Metabolism	Growth of Bacteroides fragilis in rabbit tracheal organ culture: anaerobiosis and tissue respiration.	Murakami T, Matsuyama T, Shiraishi S, Hagihara B.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.34.3.1062-1064.1981	1981
Pathogenicity	Use of a continuous-culture biofilm system to study the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Gardnerella vaginalis and Lactobacillus acidophilus.	Muli F, Struthers JK.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.42.6.1428	1998
Enzymology	Effect of adding a papain digest of ox liver to brain heart infusion cysteine broth on the recovery of non-sporing anaerobes from simulated blood cultures.	Shanson DC, Pratt J.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.36.6.678	1983
Pathogenicity	Non Digestible Oligosaccharides Modulate the Gut Microbiota to Control the Development of Leukemia and Associated Cachexia in Mice.	Bindels LB, Neyrinck AM, Salazar N, Taminiau B, Druart C, Muccioli GG, Francois E, Blecker C, Richel A, Daube G, Mahillon J, de los Reyes-Gavilan CG, Cani PD, Delzenne NM.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0131009	2015
Phylogeny	Immunochemical evidence for multiple serotypes of Bacteroides fragilis.	Cherniak R, Lombard GL, Dowell VR.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.9.6.699-704.1979	1979
Pathogenicity	Tumor necrosis factor induction by an aqueous phenol-extracted lipopolysaccharide complex from Bacteroides species.	Delahooke DM, Barclay GR, Poxton IR.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.3.840-846.1995	1995
Metabolism	Phylogenetic analyses suggest multiple changes of substrate specificity within the glycosyl hydrolase 20 family.	Intra J, Pavesi G, Horner DS.	BMC Evol Biol	10.1186/1471-2148-8-214	2008
Pathogenicity	Comparison of the in vitro activities of fenticonazole, other imidazoles, metronidazole, and tetracycline against organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis and skin infections.	Jones BM, Geary I, Lee ME, Duerden BI.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.33.6.970	1989
Pathogenicity	Dietary Toll-Like Receptor Stimulants Promote Hepatic Inflammation and Impair Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Mice via Macrophage-Dependent Interleukin-1 Production.	Faraj TA, Stover C, Erridge C.	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2019.01404	2019
Genetics	The human intestinal microbiome: a new frontier of human biology.	Hattori M, Taylor TD.	DNA Res	10.1093/dnares/dsn033	2009
	The pathogenic properties of Fusobacterium and Bacteroides species from wallabies and other sources.	Smith GR, Oliphant JC, Parsons R.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s0022172400064184	1984
Metabolism	Characterization and scope of S-layer protein O-glycosylation in Tannerella forsythia.	Posch G, Pabst M, Brecker L, Altmann F, Messner P, Schaffer C.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m111.284893	2011
	Evolution of ribonuclease H genes in prokaryotes to avoid inheritance of redundant genes.	Kochiwa H, Tomita M, Kanai A.	BMC Evol Biol	10.1186/1471-2148-7-128	2007
Genetics	Information theoretic perspective on genome clustering.	Veluchamy A, Mehta P, Srividhya KV, Vikram H, Govind MK, Gupta R, Aziz Bin Dukhyil A, Abdullah Alharbi R, Abdullah Aloyuni S, Hassan MM, Krishnaswamy S.	Saudi J Biol Sci	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.039	2021
	Genomic characterization of Haemophilus parasuis SH0165, a highly virulent strain of serovar 5 prevalent in China.	Xu Z, Yue M, Zhou R, Jin Q, Fan Y, Bei W, Chen H.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0019631	2011
	Preparation and preclinical evaluation of a novel liposomal complete-core lipopolysaccharide vaccine.	Bennett-Guerrero E, McIntosh TJ, Barclay GR, Snyder DS, Gibbs RJ, Mythen MG, Poxton IR.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.68.11.6202-6208.2000	2000
	Lipid A in anaerobic bacteria.	Dahlen G, Mattsby-Baltzer I.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.39.1.466-468.1983	1983
Metabolism	Structural rationale for the modulation of abscess formation by Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharides.	Tzianabos AO, Wang JY, Lee JC.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.161175598	2001
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of T-2588, a new oral cephalosporin, compared with those of other oral beta-lactam antibiotics.	Okamoto S, Hamana Y, Inoue M, Mitsuhashi S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.7.1111	1987
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial resistance in human oral and intestinal anaerobic microfloras.	Stark CA, Edlund C, Sjostedt S, Kristensen G, Nord CE.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.8.1665	1993
	Chemical characteristics of endotoxin from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Hofstad T, Kristoffersen T.	J Gen Microbiol	10.1099/00221287-61-1-15	1970
Cultivation	Effect of the growth of anaerobic bacteria on the surface pH of solid media.	Watt B, Brown FV.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.38.5.565	1985
	A database of bacterial lipoproteins (DOLOP) with functional assignments to predicted lipoproteins.	Babu MM, Priya ML, Selvan AT, Madera M, Gough J, Aravind L, Sankaran K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.188.8.2761-2773.2006	2006
Metabolism	A Large Polysaccharide Produced by Helicobacter hepaticus Induces an Anti-inflammatory Gene Signature in Macrophages.	Danne C, Ryzhakov G, Martinez-Lopez M, Ilott NE, Franchini F, Cuskin F, Lowe EC, Bullers SJ, Arthur JSC, Powrie F.	Cell Host Microbe	10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.002	2017
Enzymology	Superoxide dismutase in Bacteroides fragilis and related Bacteroides species.	Carlsson J, Wrethen J, Beckman G.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.6.3.280-284.1977	1977
	Structural study on the free lipid A isolated from lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis.	Kumada H, Haishima Y, Umemoto T, Tanamoto K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.177.8.2098-2106.1995	1995
Phylogeny	Characterization of bacterial communities in feces from healthy elderly volunteers and hospitalized elderly patients by using real-time PCR and effects of antibiotic treatment on the fecal microbiota.	Bartosch S, Fite A, Macfarlane GT, McMurdo ME.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.6.3575-3581.2004	2004
	Induction of macrophage procoagulant activity by Bacteroides fragilis.	Rosenthal GA, Levy G, Rotstein OD.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.57.2.338-343.1989	1989
Enzymology	Detection of Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Bacteroides ovatus in clinical specimens by immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody to B. fragilis lipopolysaccharide.	Viljanen MK, Linko L, Lehtonen OP.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.3.448-452.1988	1988
Genetics	Evaluation of a pooled strategy for high-throughput sequencing of cosmid clones from metagenomic libraries.	Lam KN, Hall MW, Engel K, Vey G, Cheng J, Neufeld JD, Charles TC.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0098968	2014
	Distribution of genes encoding nucleoid-associated protein homologs in plasmids.	Takeda T, Yun CS, Shintani M, Yamane H, Nojiri H.	Int J Evol Biol	10.4061/2011/685015	2011
Phylogeny	Serological studies of Bacteroides fragilis.	Elhag KM, Bettelheim KA, Tabaqchali S.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s0022172400053043	1977
	Genome characterization of lipid-containing marine bacteriophage PM2 by transposon insertion mutagenesis.	Krupovic M, Vilen H, Bamford JK, Kivela HM, Aalto JM, Savilahti H, Bamford DH.	J Virol	10.1128/jvi.00536-06	2006
	Identification of Putative Novel Class-I Lanthipeptides in Firmicutes: A Combinatorial In Silico Analysis Approach Performed on Genome Sequenced Bacteria and a Close Inspection of Z-Geobacillin Lanthipeptide Biosynthesis Gene Cluster of the Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. Strain ZGt-1.	Alkhalili RN, Canback B.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms19092650	2018
	The tryptophan pathway genes of the Sargasso Sea metagenome: new operon structures and the prevalence of non-operon organization.	Kagan J, Sharon I, Beja O, Kuhn JC.	Genome Biol	10.1186/gb-2008-9-1-r20	2008
	IgG antibodies against anaerobic bacteria in blood donor sera.	Schwan A.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.34.4.416	1981
Metabolism	Role of RecJ-like protein with 5'-3' exonuclease activity in oligo(deoxy)nucleotide degradation.	Wakamatsu T, Kim K, Uemura Y, Nakagawa N, Kuramitsu S, Masui R.	J Biol Chem	10.1074/jbc.m110.161596	2011
Genetics	Using Mahalanobis distance to compare genomic signatures between bacterial plasmids and chromosomes.	Suzuki H, Sota M, Brown CJ, Top EM.	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkn753	2008
	Environmental and gut bacteroidetes: the food connection.	Thomas F, Hehemann JH, Rebuffet E, Czjzek M, Michel G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2011.00093	2011
	Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Destabilizes Influenza Viruses.	Bandoro C, Runstadler JA.	mSphere	10.1128/msphere.00267-17	2017
	Counts on viable Bacteroides fragilis: a modification of the microdroplet technique.	Kelly MJ.	J Hyg (Lond)	10.1017/s0022172400024839	1978
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of MK0787 (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) and other beta-lactam compounds against Bacteroides spp.	Nasu M, Maskell JP, Williams RJ, Williams JD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.20.4.433	1981
	Rapid focused sequencing: a multiplexed assay for simultaneous detection and strain typing of Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, and Yersinia pestis.	Turingan RS, Thomann HU, Zolotova A, Tan E, Selden RF.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0056093	2013
Pathogenicity	Probiotic and commensal gut microbial therapies in multiple sclerosis and its animal models: a comprehensive review.	Blais LL, Montgomery TL, Amiel E, Deming PB, Krementsov DN.	Gut Microbes	10.1080/19490976.2021.1943289	2021
Metabolism	Isolation and characterization of outer membranes of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron grown on different carbohydrates.	Kotarski SF, Salyers AA.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.158.1.102-109.1984	1984
Enzymology	An automated blood culture system: the detection of anaerobic bacteria using a Malthus Microbiological Growth Analyser.	McMaster JP, Barr JG, Campbell RR, Bennett RB, Smyth ET.	Ulster Med J		1985
	Serological study of trichloroacetic acid extracts of Bacteroides fragilis.	Abshire RL, Dowell VR, Lombard GL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.9.2.274-279.1979	1979
Metabolism	Detection, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo expression of genes encoding S-proteins in Lactobacillus gallinarum strains isolated from chicken crops.	Hagen KE, Guan LL, Tannock GW, Korver DR, Allison GE.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.71.11.6633-6643.2005	2005
Enzymology	Heparinase production by anaerobic bacteria.	Riley TV.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.40.4.384	1987
Biotechnology	Detection of Enterobacter sakazakii in dried infant milk formula by cationic-magnetic-bead capture.	Mullane NR, Murray J, Drudy D, Prentice N, Whyte P, Wall PG, Parton A, Fanning S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.03056-05	2006
Phylogeny	Serogrouping of Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis by the agglutination test.	Lambe DW, Moroz DA.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.3.6.586-592.1976	1976
Metabolism	Hemin levels in culture medium of Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis regulate both hemin binding and trypsinlike protease production.	Carman RJ, Ramakrishnan MD, Harper FH.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.58.12.4016-4019.1990	1990
	Wound infection: a controlled clinical and experimental demonstration of synergy between aerobic (Escherichia coli) and anaerobic (Bacteroides fragilis) bacteria.	Kelly MJ.	Ann R Coll Surg Engl		1980
Metabolism	Nutritional features of Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis.	Varel VH, Bryant MP.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.28.2.251-257.1974	1974
	Lipopolysaccharides from Bacteroides fragilis are mitogenic for spleen cells from endotoxin responder and nonresponder mice.	Joiner KA, McAdam KP, Kasper DL.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.36.3.1139-1145.1982	1982
Pathogenicity	The effect of carbon dioxide on the sensitivity of Bacteroides fragilis to certain antibiotics in vitro.	Ingham HR, Selkon JB, Codd AA, Hale JH.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.23.3.254	1970
	Novel base triples in RNA structures revealed by graph theoretical searching methods.	Firdaus-Raih M, Harrison AM, Willett P, Artymiuk PJ.	BMC Bioinformatics	10.1186/1471-2105-12-s13-s2	2011
Pathogenicity	In vitro antibacterial activity and susceptibility of the cephalosporin Ro 13-9904 to beta-lactamases.	Shannon K, King A, Warren C, Phillips I.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.18.2.292	1980
	Cellular distribution and linkage of D-(-)-3-hydroxy fatty acids in Bacteroides species.	Mayberry WR.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.144.1.200-204.1980	1980
Enzymology	Formation of glycosidases in batch and continuous culture of Bacteroides fragilis.	Berg JO, Nord CE, Wadstrom T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.35.2.269-273.1978	1978
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of MDL 62,879 (GE2270 A) against aerobic gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria.	King A, Bethune L, Phillips I.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.37.4.746	1993
Pathogenicity	A study in vitro of the sensitivity to antibiotics of Bacteroides fragilis.	Ingham HR, Selkon JB, Codd AA, Hale JH.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.21.4.432	1968
Metabolism	Comprehensive analysis of the HEPN superfamily: identification of novel roles in intra-genomic conflicts, defense, pathogenesis and RNA processing.	Anantharaman V, Makarova KS, Burroughs AM, Koonin EV, Aravind L.	Biol Direct	10.1186/1745-6150-8-15	2013
	Serological responses to antigens of Bacteroidaceae.	Hofstad T.	Microbiol Rev	10.1128/mr.43.1.103-115.1979	1979
Metabolism	Improving protein extraction and separation methods for investigating the metaproteome of anaerobic benzene communities within sediments.	Benndorf D, Vogt C, Jehmlich N, Schmidt Y, Thomas H, Woffendin G, Shevchenko A, Richnow HH, von Bergen M.	Biodegradation	10.1007/s10532-009-9261-3	2009
Pathogenicity	In vitro and in vivo activity of DL-8280, a new oxazine derivative.	Sato K, Matsuura Y, Inoue M, Une T, Osada Y, Ogawa H, Mitsuhashi S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.22.4.548	1982
	Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide can activate 70Z/3 cells via CD14.	Kirkland T, Viriyakosol S, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.65.2.604-608.1997	1997
Metabolism	The induction of colitis and ileitis in mice is associated with marked increases in intestinal concentrations of stimulants of TLRs 2, 4, and 5.	Erridge C, Duncan SH, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0009125	2010
Metabolism	Identification of prophages in bacterial genomes by dinucleotide relative abundance difference.	Srividhya KV, Alaguraj V, Poornima G, Kumar D, Singh GP, Raghavenderan L, Katta AV, Mehta P, Krishnaswamy S.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0001193	2007
Enzymology	Formation of beta-lactamase in Bacteroides fragilis: cell-bound and extracellular activity.	Olsson B, Nord CE, Wadstrom T.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.9.5.727	1976
Cultivation	An experimental comparison of Thiol broth with Brewer's thioglycollate for anaerobic blood cultures.	Shanson DC, Barnicoat.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.28.5.407	1975
	Annotation of Protein Domains Reveals Remarkable Conservation in the Functional Make up of Proteomes Across Superkingdoms.	Nasir A, Naeem A, Khan MJ, Nicora HD, Caetano-Anolles G.	Genes (Basel)	10.3390/genes2040869	2011
	Low biological activity of Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide.	Muotiala A, Helander IM, Pyhala L, Kosunen TU, Moran AP.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.60.4.1714-1716.1992	1992
	Light inactivation of metronidazole sensitivity discs.	Jones PH, Scott AP.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.30.11.1028	1977
	An experimental assessment of different anaerobic blood culture methods.	Shanson DC.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.27.4.273	1974
Phylogeny	First report of vancomycin-resistant staphylococci isolated from healthy carriers in Brazil.	Palazzo IC, Araujo ML, Darini AL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.1.179-185.2005	2005
	New cause of penicillin treatment failure.	Barnes P, Waterworth PM.	Br Med J	10.1136/bmj.1.6067.991	1977
Pathogenicity	Activation of human THP-1 cells and rat bone marrow-derived macrophages by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide.	Perez-Perez GI, Shepherd VL, Morrow JD, Blaser MJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.4.1183-1187.1995	1995
Enzymology	Immunoelectron microscopic localization of lipopolysaccharides in the cell wall of Bacteroides oralis and Fusobacterium nucleatum.	Dahlen G, Nygren H, Hannsson HA.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.19.1.265-271.1978	1978
Metabolism	Development and characterization of a highly specific and sensitive SYBR green reverse transcriptase PCR assay for detection of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus on the basis of sequence signatures.	Medina RA, Rojas M, Tuin A, Huff S, Ferres M, Martinez-Valdebenito C, Godoy P, Garcia-Sastre A, Fofanov Y, SantaLucia J.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01142-10	2011
	Isolation and partial characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi inner and outer membranes by using isopycnic centrifugation.	Bledsoe HA, Carroll JA, Whelchel TR, Farmer MA, Dorward DW, Gherardini FC.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.176.24.7447-7455.1994	1994
	Detection of prosthetic hip infection at revision arthroplasty by immunofluorescence microscopy and PCR amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene.	Tunney MM, Patrick S, Curran MD, Ramage G, Hanna D, Nixon JR, Gorman SP, Davis RI, Anderson N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.10.3281-3290.1999	1999
Enzymology	The API ZYM system in the identification of Gram-negative anaerobes.	Tharagonnet D, Sisson PR, Roxby CM, Ingham HR, Selkon JB.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.30.6.505	1977
Phylogeny	Molecular identification of Campylobacter concisus.	Matsheka MI, Lastovica AJ, Elisha BG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.10.3684-3689.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Antibiotic-disc tests for rapid identification of non-sporing anaerobes.	Peach S.	J Clin Pathol	10.1136/jcp.28.5.388	1975
	Polysaccharide immunomodulators as therapeutic agents: structural aspects and biologic function.	Tzianabos AO.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.13.4.523	2000
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of CGP 31608, a new penem.	Wise R, Andrews JM, Piddock LJ.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.31.2.267	1987
	Mathematical modeling and comparison of protein size distribution in different plant, animal, fungal and microbial species reveals a negative correlation between protein size and protein number, thus providing insight into the evolution of proteomes.	Tiessen A, Perez-Rodriguez P, Delaye-Arredondo LJ.	BMC Res Notes	10.1186/1756-0500-5-85	2012
	UNUSUAL BACTEROIDES-LIKE ORGANISM.	GOLDBERG HS, BARNES EM, CHARLES AB.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.87.3.737-742.1964	1964
	Aerobic and anaerobic mixtures of human pathogens: a rapid 4-plate counting technique.	Kelly MJ.	Br J Exp Pathol		1977
Genetics	Trichomonas vaginalis vast BspA-like gene family: evidence for functional diversity from structural organisation and transcriptomics.	Noel CJ, Diaz N, Sicheritz-Ponten T, Safarikova L, Tachezy J, Tang P, Fiori PL, Hirt RP.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-11-99	2010
Metabolism	Distribution of 3-hydroxy iC17:0 in subgingival plaque and gingival tissue samples: relationship to adult periodontitis.	Nichols FC.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.62.9.3753-3760.1994	1994
Metabolism	Binding and accumulation of hemin in Porphyromonas gingivalis are induced by hemin.	Genco CA, Odusanya BM, Brown G.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.62.7.2885-2892.1994	1994
	Capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines of carbotype 1 Vibrio vulnificus: construction, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in a murine model.	Devi SJ, Hayat U, Frasch CE, Kreger AS, Morris JG.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.8.2906-2911.1995	1995
	Synthetic tetra-acylated derivatives of lipid A from Porphyromonas gingivalis are antagonists of human TLR4.	Zhang Y, Gaekwad J, Wolfert MA, Boons GJ.	Org Biomol Chem	10.1039/b809090d	2008
Phylogeny	Propionibacterium acnes types I and II represent phylogenetically distinct groups.	McDowell A, Valanne S, Ramage G, Tunney MM, Glenn JV, McLorinan GC, Bhatia A, Maisonneuve JF, Lodes M, Persing DH, Patrick S.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.43.1.326-334.2005	2005
	Bioinformatic characterization of the trimeric intracellular cation-specific channel protein family.	Silverio AL, Saier MH.	J Membr Biol	10.1007/s00232-011-9364-8	2011
	Noncellulosomal cohesin- and dockerin-like modules in the three domains of life.	Peer A, Smith SP, Bayer EA, Lamed R, Borovok I.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01420.x	2009
Enzymology	Isolation and characterization of a cross-reacting antigen in strains of Bacteroidaceae.	Marx A, Petcovici M, Bittner J, Antohi M, Ardeleanu J.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.36.3.943-948.1982	1982
Metabolism	Rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life.	Gillespie JJ, Williams K, Shukla M, Snyder EE, Nordberg EK, Ceraul SM, Dharmanolla C, Rainey D, Soneja J, Shallom JM, Vishnubhat ND, Wattam R, Purkayastha A, Czar M, Crasta O, Setubal JC, Azad AF, Sobral BS.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0002018	2008
	Lipid A in Helicobacter pylori.	Mattsby-Baltzer I, Mielniczuk Z, Larsson L, Lindgren K, Goodwin S.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.60.10.4383-4387.1992	1992
	Chemical structure of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharides from Fusobacterium nucleatum.	Hase S, Hofstad T, Rietschel ET.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.129.1.9-14.1977	1977
	Metronidazole and anaerobic sepsis.	Eykyn SJ, Phillips I.	Br Med J	10.1136/bmj.2.6049.1418	1976
Metabolism	BACTEROIDES ORALIS, PROPOSED NEW SPECIES ISOLATED FROM THE ORAL CAVITY OF MAN.	LOESCHE WJ, SOCRANSKY SS, GIBBONS RJ.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.88.5.1329-1337.1964	1964
	Comparison of the biological responses induced by lipopolysaccharide and endotoxin of Treponema hyodysenteriae and Treponema innocens.	Greer JM, Wannemuehler MJ.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.57.3.717-723.1989	1989
Phylogeny	Antibiotic disc susceptibility tests for rapid presumptive identification of Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli.	Sutter VL, Finegold SM.	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.21.1.13-20.1971	1971
	Iso- and anteiso-fatty acids in bacteria: biosynthesis, function, and taxonomic significance.	Kaneda T.	Microbiol Rev	10.1128/mr.55.2.288-302.1991	1991
	Applications of cellular fatty acid analysis.	Welch DF.	Clin Microbiol Rev	10.1128/cmr.4.4.422	1991
	Analysis of the cell wall and lipopolysaccharide of Spirillum serpens.	Chester IR, Murray RG.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.124.3.1168-1176.1975	1975
Pathogenicity	Agents that increase the permeability of the outer membrane.	Vaara M.	Microbiol Rev	10.1128/mr.56.3.395-411.1992	1992
Metabolism	Cohesion group approach for evolutionary analysis of aspartokinase, an enzyme that feeds a branched network of many biochemical pathways.	Lo CC, Bonner CA, Xie G, D'Souza M, Jensen RA.	Microbiol Mol Biol Rev	10.1128/mmbr.00024-09	2009
Phylogeny	Identification of clinically important anaerobic bacteria by an oligonucleotide array.	Lin YT, Vaneechoutte M, Huang AH, Teng LJ, Chen HM, Su SL, Chang TC.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01620-09	2010
	Helicobacter species and gut bacterial DNA in Meckel's diverticulum and the appendix.	Karagin PH, Stenram U, Wadstrom T, Ljungh A.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v17.i36.4104	2011
	Helicobacter species and common gut bacterial DNA in gallbladder with cholecystitis.	Karagin PH, Stenram U, Wadstrom T, Ljungh A.	World J Gastroenterol	10.3748/wjg.v16.i38.4817	2010
	Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Bactericidal Lipophosphonoxins.	Panova N, Zbornikova E, Simak O, Pohl R, Kolar M, Bogdanova K, Vecerova R, Seydlova G, Fiser R, Hadravova R, Sanderova H, Vitovska D, Sikova M, Latal T, Lovecka P, Barvik I, Krasny L, Rejman D.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0145918	2015
	Bacteroides Fragilis in the gut microbiomes of Alzheimer's disease activates microglia and triggers pathogenesis in neuronal C/EBPbeta transgenic mice.	Xia Y, Xiao Y, Wang ZH, Liu X, Alam AM, Haran JP, McCormick BA, Shu X, Wang X, Ye K.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-023-41283-w	2023
Enzymology	Use of real-time PCR as an alternative to conventional genotyping methods for the laboratory detection of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV).	Woodson EN, Katz SS, Mosley SS, Danavall DC, Bowden KE, Chi KH, Raphael BH.	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115532	2021
	Gut microbiota regulate Alzheimer's disease pathologies and cognitive disorders via PUFA-associated neuroinflammation.	Chen C, Liao J, Xia Y, Liu X, Jones R, Haran J, McCormick B, Sampson TR, Alam A, Ye K.	Gut	10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326269	2022
	Molecular characterization of the fragilysin pathogenicity islet of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis.	Moncrief JS, Duncan AJ, Wright RL, Barroso LA, Wilkins TD.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.66.4.1735-1739.1998	1998
Metabolism	Microbial Metabolism Modulates Antibiotic Susceptibility within the Murine Gut Microbiome.	Cabral DJ, Penumutchu S, Reinhart EM, Zhang C, Korry BJ, Wurster JI, Nilson R, Guang A, Sano WH, Rowan-Nash AD, Li H, Belenky P.	Cell Metab	10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.020	2019
	Characterization of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis by a toxin-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	Van Tassell RL, Lyerly DM, Wilkins TD.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.1.5.578-584.1994	1994
	Bacteroides fragilis: a possible cause of acute diarrheal disease in newborn lambs.	Myers LL, Firehammer BD, Shoop DS, Border MM.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.44.2.241-244.1984	1984
	Polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis modulated by Bacteroides fragilis peptidoglycan.	Sperry JF, Burns JM.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.55.7.1725-1727.1987	1987
Enzymology	Isolation of Bacteroides fragilis from the feces of diarrheic calves and lambs.	Border M, Firehammer BD, Shoop DS, Myers LL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.3.472-473.1985	1985
Pathogenicity	Proteolytic activity of the Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin causes fluid secretion and intestinal damage in vivo.	Obiso RJ, Lyerly DM, Van Tassell RL, Wilkins TD.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.63.10.3820-3826.1995	1995
	Relationships between serological groups and deoxyribonucleic acid homology groups in Bacteroides fragilis and related species.	Babb JL, Cummings CS.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.13.2.369-379.1981	1981
	In vivo protection of Fusobacterium necrophorum from penicillin by Bacteroides fragilis.	Hackman AS, Wilkins TD.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.7.5.698	1975
	Ecological characterization of the colonic microbiota of normal and diarrheic dogs.	Bell JA, Kopper JJ, Turnbull JA, Barbu NI, Murphy AJ, Mansfield LS.	Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis	10.1155/2008/149694	2008
Enzymology	Molecular ecological analysis of the succession and diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the mouse gastrointestinal tract.	Deplancke B, Hristova KR, Oakley HA, McCracken VJ, Aminov R, Mackie RI, Gaskins HR.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.66.5.2166-2174.2000	2000
	Protein-Linked Glycan Degradation in Infants Fed Human Milk.	Dallas DC, Sela D, Underwood MA, German JB, Lebrilla C.	J Glycomics Lipidomics	10.4172/2153-0637.s1-002	2012
Pathogenicity	Inhibitory activity spectrum of reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri against intestinal bacteria.	Cleusix V, Lacroix C, Vollenweider S, Duboux M, Le Blay G.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-7-101	2007
	Prebiotics Supplementation Impact on the Reinforcing and Motivational Aspect of Feeding.	Delbes AS, Castel J, Denis RGP, Morel C, Quinones M, Everard A, Cani PD, Massiera F, Luquet SH.	Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)	10.3389/fendo.2018.00273	2018
Pathogenicity	Curcuma longa extract associated with white pepper lessens high fat diet-induced inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue.	Neyrinck AM, Alligier M, Memvanga PB, Nevraumont E, Larondelle Y, Preat V, Cani PD, Delzenne NM.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0081252	2013
Metabolism	Coculture fermentations of Bifidobacterium species and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron reveal a mechanistic insight into the prebiotic effect of inulin-type fructans.	Falony G, Calmeyn T, Leroy F, De Vuyst L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02649-08	2009
	Bacterial Growth Modulatory Effects of Two Branched-Chain Hydroxy Acids and Their Production Level by Gut Microbiota.	Hwang CH, Kim SH, Lee CH.	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.2404.04009	2024
	Comparative analysis of prebiotic effects of four oligosaccharides using in vitro gut model: digestibility, microbiome, and metabolome changes.	Cheon S, Kim G, Bae JH, Lee DH, Seong H, Kim DH, Han JS, Lim SY, Han NS.	FEMS Microbiol Ecol	10.1093/femsec/fiad002	2023
	Weissella sp. SNUL2 as potential probiotics with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities.	Han JW, Lee N, Kim HJ, Moon SJ, Lee SC, Kim HJ.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28481	2024
Phylogeny	Microbial community and metabolomic comparison of irritable bowel syndrome faeces.	Ponnusamy K, Choi JN, Kim J, Lee SY, Lee CH.	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.028126-0	2011
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of an oral subchronic exposure of deoxynivalenol on the composition of human gut microbiota in a model of human microbiota-associated rats.	Saint-Cyr MJ, Perrin-Guyomard A, Houee P, Rolland JG, Laurentie M.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0080578	2013
Metabolism	Identification of a protective Bacteroides strain of alcoholic liver disease and its synergistic effect with pectin.	Wang Q, Li Y, Lv L, Jiang H, Yan R, Wang S, Lu Y, Wu Z, Shen J, Jiang S, Lv J, Li S, Zhuge A, Li L	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-022-11946-7	2022
Phylogeny	Genomic Background and Phylogeny of cfiA-Positive Bacteroides fragilis Strains Resistant to Meropenem-EDTA.	Valdezate S, Cobo F, Monzon S, Medina-Pascual MJ, Zaballos A, Cuesta I, Pino-Rosa S, Villalon P	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics10030304	2021
Pathogenicity	In-laboratory quality control of nutrients for automatic bacteriology analyzer YUNON(R)Labstar 50.	Boronina LG, Samatova EV, Kukushkina MP, Panova SA, Ustyugova SS	Klin Lab Diagn	10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-2-110-114	2021
Metabolism	Bacteroides fragilis alleviates the symptoms of lupus nephritis via regulating CD1d and CD86 expressions in B cells.	Li D, Pan Y, Xia X, Liang J, Liu F, Dou H, Hou Y	Eur J Pharmacol	10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173421	2020
Metabolism	Screening and characterization of an alpha-L-fucosidase from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC9343 for synthesis of fucosyl-N-acetylglucosamine disaccharides.	Liu P, Zhang H, Wang Y, Chen X, Jin L, Xu L, Xiao M	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-020-10759-w	2020
Genetics	Complete hybrid genome assembly of clinical multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates enables comprehensive identification of antimicrobial-resistance genes and plasmids.	Sydenham TV, Overballe-Petersen S, Hasman H, Wexler H, Kemp M, Justesen US	Microb Genom	10.1099/mgen.0.000312	2019
Pathogenicity	Binary interactions between the yeast Candida albicans and two gut-associated Bacteroides species.	Valentine M, Benade E, Mouton M, Khan W, Botha A	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103619	2019
Pathogenicity	Non-toxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (NTBF) administration reduces bacteria-driven chronic colitis and tumor development independent of polysaccharide A.	Chan JL, Wu S, Geis AL, Chan GV, Gomes TAM, Beck SE, Wu X, Fan H, Tam AJ, Chung L, Ding H, Wang H, Pardoll DM, Housseau F, Sears CL	Mucosal Immunol	10.1038/s41385-018-0085-5	2018
	Total Synthesis of Zwitterionic Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit from Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285/NCTC 9343 Capsular Polysaccharide PS A1 with Alternating Charges on Adjacent Monosaccharides.	Eradi P, Ghosh S, Andreana PR	Org Lett	10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01829	2018
Enzymology	Enzymatic Synthesis of 6'-Sialyllactose, a Dominant Sialylated Human Milk Oligosaccharide, by a Novel exo-alpha-Sialidase from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC9343.	Guo L, Chen X, Xu L, Xiao M, Lu L	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.00071-18	2018
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Bacteroides fragilis using the MALDI Biotyper antibiotic susceptibility test rapid assay (MBT-ASTRA).	Justesen US, Acar Z, Sydenham TV, Johansson A	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.02.007	2018
Pathogenicity	Orthopedic infections caused by obligatory anaerobic Gram-negative rods: report of two cases.	Kierzkowska M, Pedzisz P, Babiak I, Janowicz J, Kulig M, Majewska A, Sawicka-Grzelak A, Mlynarczyk G	Med Microbiol Immunol	10.1007/s00430-017-0513-2	2017
Pathogenicity	Implementation of the new VIRTUO blood culture system: evaluation and comparison to the 3D system using simulated blood cultures.	Miller N, Brassinne L, Allemeersch D	Acta Clin Belg	10.1080/17843286.2017.1331618	2017
	Safety Evaluation of a Novel Strain of Bacteroides fragilis.	Wang Y, Deng H, Li Z, Tan Y, Han Y, Wang X, Du Z, Liu Y, Yang R, Bai Y, Bi Y, Zhi F	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.00435	2017
Metabolism	[Design of artificial foetor flatus based on bacterial volatile compounds].	Justesen US	Ugeskr Laeger	V68707	2016
Enzymology	Efficient and Regioselective Synthesis of beta-GalNAc/GlcNAc-Lactose by a Bifunctional Transglycosylating beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum.	Chen X, Xu L, Jin L, Sun B, Gu G, Lu L, Xiao M	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.01325-16	2016
Phylogeny	Genomic Diversity of Enterotoxigenic Strains of Bacteroides fragilis.	Pierce JV, Bernstein HD	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0158171	2016
	Synthesis of an Aminooxy Derivative of the Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit of Streptococcus dysgalactiae 2023 Polysaccharide for a PS A1 Conjugate Vaccine.	Ghosh S, Nishat S, Andreana PR	J Org Chem	10.1021/acs.joc.6b00195	2016
Metabolism	Efficient and regioselective synthesis of globotriose by a novel alpha-galactosidase from Bacteroides fragilis.	Gong W, Xu L, Gu G, Lu L, Xiao M	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-016-7464-1	2016
Pathogenicity	Immunological evaluation of the entirely carbohydrate-based Thomsen-Friedenreich - PS B conjugate.	Trabbic KR, Bourgault JP, Shi M, Clark M, Andreana PR	Org Biomol Chem	10.1039/c6ob00176a	2016
Metabolism	DNA Inversion Regulates Outer Membrane Vesicle Production in Bacteroides fragilis.	Nakayama-Imaohji H, Hirota K, Yamasaki H, Yoneda S, Nariya H, Suzuki M, Secher T, Miyake Y, Oswald E, Hayashi T, Kuwahara T	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0148887	2016
Metabolism	Structures of Bacteroides fragilis uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) acyltransferase (BfLpxA).	Ngo A, Fong KT, Cox DL, Chen X, Fisher AJ	Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr	10.1107/S1399004715003326	2015
Proteome	Analysis of the outer membrane proteome and secretome of Bacteroides fragilis reveals a multiplicity of secretion mechanisms.	Wilson MM, Anderson DE, Bernstein HD	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0117732	2015
Phylogeny	[Isolation and identification of a non-enterotoxigenic strain of Bacteroides fragilis from a healthy term infant].	Liu Y, Zhang W, Bai Y, Zhi F	Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi		2014
Pathogenicity	Essential oils and isolated compounds from Lippia alba leaves and flowers: antimicrobial activity and osteoclast apoptosis.	Juiz PJ, Lucchese AM, Gambari R, Piva R, Penolazzi L, Di Ciano M, Uetanabaro AP, Silva F, Avila-Campos MJ	Int J Mol Med	10.3892/ijmm.2014.1995	2014
	Elucidating Structural Features of an Entirely Carbohydrate Cancer Vaccine Construct Employing Circular Dichroism and Fluorescent Labeling.	Trabbic KR, De Silva RA, Andreana PR	Medchemcomm	10.1039/C4MD00038B	2014
Metabolism	Identification of a collagen type I adhesin of Bacteroides fragilis.	Galvao BP, Weber BW, Rafudeen MS, Ferreira EO, Patrick S, Abratt VR	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0091141	2014
Metabolism	ArdA proteins from different mobile genetic elements can bind to the EcoKI Type I DNA methyltransferase of E. coli K12.	Chen K, Reuter M, Sanghvi B, Roberts GA, Cooper LP, Tilling M, Blakely GW, Dryden DT	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.12.008	2013
Enzymology	The mannobiose-forming exo-mannanase involved in a new mannan catabolic pathway in Bacteroides fragilis.	Kawaguchi K, Senoura T, Ito S, Taira T, Ito H, Wasaki J, Ito S	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-013-0938-y	2013
Pathogenicity	Growth-Inhibiting and morphostructural effects of constituents identified in Asarum heterotropoides root on human intestinal bacteria.	Perumalsamy H, Jung MY, Hong SM, Ahn YJ	BMC Complement Altern Med	10.1186/1472-6882-13-245	2013
Phylogeny	Use of a genetically-engineered Escherichia coli strain as a sample process control for quantification of the host-specific bacterial genetic markers.	Kobayashi A, Sano D, Taniuchi A, Ishii S, Okabe S	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-013-5188-z	2013
Metabolism	Production of alpha-galactosylceramide by a prominent member of the human gut microbiota.	Wieland Brown LC, Penaranda C, Kashyap PC, Williams BB, Clardy J, Kronenberg M, Sonnenburg JL, Comstock LE, Bluestone JA, Fischbach MA	PLoS Biol	10.1371/journal.pbio.1001610	2013
Pathogenicity	Determination of disk diffusion and MIC quality control guidelines for GSK2251052: a novel boron-containing antibacterial.	Ross JE, Scangarella-Oman N, Jones RN	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.01.007	2013
Pathogenicity	Anti-anaerobic potential of ranbezolid: insight into its mechanism of action against Bacteroides fragilis.	Mathur T, Kalia V, Barman TK, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Rattan A, Raj VS	Int J Antimicrob Agents	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.09.013	2012
Enzymology	Identification of a TLR2-stimulating lipoprotein in Bacteroides fragilis JCM 11019 (NCTC 9343).	Hashimoto M, Eguchi H, Tawaratsumida K, Kirikae T, Suda Y	Innate Immun	10.1177/1753425912454179	2012
Cultivation	Contribution of hly homologs to the hemolytic activity of Prevotella intermedia.	Suzuki N, Fukamachi H, Arimoto T, Yamamoto M, Igarashi T	Anaerobe	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.04.005	2012
Pathogenicity	The entirely carbohydrate immunogen Tn-PS A1 induces a cancer cell selective immune response and cytokine IL-17.	De Silva RA, Appulage DK, Pietraszkiewicz H, Bobbitt KR, Media J, Shaw J, Valeriote FA, Andreana PR	Cancer Immunol Immunother	10.1007/s00262-012-1205-9	2012
Metabolism	A unique homologue of the eukaryotic protein-modifier ubiquitin present in the bacterium Bacteroides fragilis, a predominant resident of the human gastrointestinal tract.	Patrick S, Jobling KL, O'Connor D, Thacker Z, Dryden DTF, Blakely GW	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.049940-0	2011
Metabolism	UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylases of Bacteroides fragilis and their prevalence in bacteria.	Coyne MJ, Fletcher CM, Reinap B, Comstock LE	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.05337-11	2011
Enzymology	Differentiation of division I (cfiA-negative) and division II (cfiA-positive) Bacteroides fragilis strains by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.	Nagy E, Becker S, Soki J, Urban E, Kostrzewa M	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/jmm.0.031336-0	2011
Enzymology	The catalytic promiscuity of a microbial 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Reduction of non-steroidal carbonyl compounds.	Liu Y, Lv T, Ren J, Wang M, Wu Q, Zhu D	Steroids	10.1016/j.steroids.2011.05.001	2011
Metabolism	New microbial mannan catabolic pathway that involves a novel mannosylglucose phosphorylase.	Senoura T, Ito S, Taguchi H, Higa M, Hamada S, Matsui H, Ozawa T, Jin S, Watanabe J, Wasaki J, Ito S	Biochem Biophys Res Commun	10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.095	2011
Genetics	Twenty-eight divergent polysaccharide loci specifying within- and amongst-strain capsule diversity in three strains of Bacteroides fragilis.	Patrick S, Blakely GW, Houston S, Moore J, Abratt VR, Bertalan M, Cerdeno-Tarraga AM, Quail MA, Corton N, Corton C, Bignell A, Barron A, Clark L, Bentley SD, Parkhill J	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.042978-0	2010
Pathogenicity	In vitro selection of ertapenem and piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant strains of Bacteroides fragilis and analysis of their virulence in gnotobiotic mice.	Valeria Dos Santos K, Roque DE Carvalho MA, Amancio Martins W, Coutinho SC, Bahia JL, Lopes DE Andrade JP, Morais Apolonio AC, Cara DC, Galuppo Diniz C, Nicoli JR, DE Macedo Farias L	J Chemother	10.1179/joc.2010.22.4.259	2010
Metabolism	Binding and degradation of fibrinogen by Bacteroides fragilis and characterization of a 54 kDa fibrinogen-binding protein.	Houston S, Blakely GW, McDowell A, Martin L, Patrick S	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.038588-0	2010
	Efficient electrotransformation of Bacteroides fragilis.	Ichimura M, Nakayama-Imaohji H, Wakimoto S, Morita H, Hayashi T, Kuwahara T	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.02420-09	2010
Metabolism	Mutational analysis of genes implicated in LPS and capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in the opportunistic pathogen Bacteroides fragilis.	Patrick S, Houston S, Thacker Z, Blakely GW	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.025361-0	2009
Metabolism	Conversion of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid into their 7-oxo derivatives by Bacteroides intestinalis AM-1 isolated from human feces.	Fukiya S, Arata M, Kawashima H, Yoshida D, Kaneko M, Minamida K, Watanabe J, Ogura Y, Uchida K, Itoh K, Wada M, Ito S, Yokota A	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01531.x	2009
Enzymology	Identification of the cellobiose 2-epimerase gene in the genome of Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Senoura T, Taguchi H, Ito S, Hamada S, Matsui H, Fukiya S, Yokota A, Watanabe J, Wasaki J, Ito S	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.80691	2009
Pathogenicity	Presence of quorum-sensing systems associated with multidrug resistance and biofilm formation in Bacteroides fragilis.	Pumbwe L, Skilbeck CA, Wexler HM	Microb Ecol	10.1007/s00248-007-9358-3	2008
Pathogenicity	Induction of multiple antibiotic resistance in Bacteroides fragilis by benzene and benzene-derived active compounds of commonly used analgesics, antiseptics and cleaning agents.	Pumbwe L, Skilbeck CA, Wexler HM	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkm363	2007
Pathogenicity	Bile salts enhance bacterial co-aggregation, bacterial-intestinal epithelial cell adhesion, biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance of Bacteroides fragilis.	Pumbwe L, Skilbeck CA, Nakano V, Avila-Campos MJ, Piazza RM, Wexler HM	Microb Pathog	10.1016/j.micpath.2007.04.002	2007
Pathogenicity	Genetic analysis of mechanisms of multidrug resistance in a clinical isolate of Bacteroides fragilis.	Pumbwe L, Wareham DW, Aduse-Opoku J, Brazier JS, Wexler HM	Clin Microbiol Infect	10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01620.x	2007
Pathogenicity	Identification and characterization of conjugative transposons CTn86 and CTn9343 in Bacteroides fragilis strains.	Buckwold SL, Shoemaker NB, Sears CL, Franco AA	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.01669-06	2006
	Characterization of beta-lactam-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates by use of PCR fingerprinting.	Fang H, Hedberg M, Edlund C, Jarstrand C, Fodor E, Nord CE	Anaerobe	10.1006/anae.1999.0183	1999
Metabolism	Characterization of Bacteroides fragilis hemolysins and regulation and synergistic interactions of HlyA and HlyB.	Robertson KP, Smith CJ, Gough AM, Rocha ER	Infect Immun	10.1128/IAI.74.4.2304-2316.2006	2006
Metabolism	In vitro kinetic analysis of oligofructose consumption by Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium spp. indicates different degradation mechanisms.	Van der Meulen R, Makras L, Verbrugghe K, Adriany T, De Vuyst L	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.72.2.1006-1012.2006	2006
Pathogenicity	Inducible metronidazole resistance in nim-positive and nim-negative bacteroides fragilis group strains after several passages metronidazole containing columbia agar plates.	Schaumann R, Petzold S, Fille M, Rodloff AC	Infection	10.1007/s15010-005-5061-9	2005
Genetics	Genetic and structural analysis of the Bacteroides conjugative transposon CTn341.	Bacic M, Parker AC, Stagg J, Whitley HP, Wells WG, Jacob LA, Smith CJ	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.187.8.2858-2869.2005	2005
Pathogenicity	The Bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island is contained in a putative novel conjugative transposon.	Franco AA	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.186.18.6077-6092.2004	2004
Enzymology	Differential gene expression in a Bacteroides fragilis metronidazole-resistant mutant.	Diniz CG, Farias LM, Carvalho MA, Rocha ER, Smith CJ	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkh256	2004
Enzymology	Cloning and characterization of the NAD-dependent 7alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Bacteroides fragilis.	Bennett MJ, McKnight SL, Coleman JP	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-003-4079-4	2003
Pathogenicity	Bacterial reduction by cell salvage washing and leukocyte depletion filtration.	Waters JH, Tuohy MJ, Hobson DF, Procop G	Anesthesiology	10.1097/00000542-200309000-00021	2003
Metabolism	Accumulation of garenoxacin by Bacteroides fragilis compared with that of five fluoroquinolones.	Ricci V, Piddock L	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/dkg418	2003
	Effects of laparoscopic models on anaerobic bacterial growth with bacteroides fragilis in experimentally induced peritonitis.	Sare M, Demirkiran AE, Tastekin N, Durmaz B	J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A	10.1089/109264203766207690	2003
Metabolism	[The influence of the LPS from Bacteroides fragilis on the secretion of IL-2 and IL-4 from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of normal volunteers].	Zhou J, Huang XY, Ren LC, Tang Y	Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi		2003
Metabolism	Multiple inverted DNA repeats of Bacteroides fragilis that control polysaccharide antigenic variation are similar to the hin region inverted repeats of Salmonella typhimurium.	Patrick S, Parkhill J, McCoy LJ, Lennard N, Larkin MJ, Collins M, Sczaniecka M, Blakely G	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.26166-0	2003
Transcriptome	Characterization of omp200, a porin gene complex from Bacteroides fragilis: omp121 and omp71, gene sequence, deduced amino acid sequences and predictions of porin structure.	Wexler HM, Read EK, Tomzynski TJ	Gene	10.1016/s0378-1119(01)00835-6	2002
	Immunochemical and biological characterization of three capsular polysaccharides from a single Bacteroides fragilis strain.	Kalka-Moll WM, Wang Y, Comstock LE, Gonzalez SE, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL	Infect Immun	10.1128/IAI.69.4.2339-2344.2001	2001
Pathogenicity	Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of imipenem and meropenem against ATCC strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacteroides fragilis.	White RL, Friedrich LV, Manduru M, Mihm LB, Bosso JA	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/s0732-8893(00)00219-4	2001
Enzymology	Bacteroides fragilis NCTC9343 produces at least three distinct capsular polysaccharides: cloning, characterization, and reassignment of polysaccharide B and C biosynthesis loci.	Coyne MJ, Kalka-Moll W, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL, Comstock LE	Infect Immun	10.1128/IAI.68.11.6176-6181.2000	2000
Metabolism	Accumulation of norfloxacin by Bacteroides fragilis.	Ricci V, Piddock LJ	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.44.9.2361-2366.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Roles of gyrA mutations in resistance of clinical isolates and in vitro mutants of Bacteroides fragilis to the new fluoroquinolone trovafloxacin.	Bachoual R, Dubreuil L, Soussy CJ, Tankovic J	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.44.7.1842-1845.2000	2000
Pathogenicity	Effect of molecular size on the ability of zwitterionic polysaccharides to stimulate cellular immunity.	Kalka-Moll WM, Tzianabos AO, Wang Y, Carey VJ, Finberg RW, Onderdonk AB, Kasper DL	J Immunol	10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.719	2000
Enzymology	Interstrain variation of the polysaccharide B biosynthesis locus of Bacteroides fragilis: characterization of the region from strain 638R.	Comstock LE, Coyne MJ, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.181.19.6192-6196.1999	1999
Enzymology	Activities of the Porphyromonas gingivalis PrtP proteinase determined by construction of prtP-deficient mutants and expression of the gene in Bacteroides species.	Barkocy-Gallagher GA, Foley JW, Lantz MS	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.181.1.246-255.1999	1999
Metabolism	Mechanism of inhibition of tannic acid and related compounds on the growth of intestinal bacteria.	Chung KT, Lu Z, Chou MW	Food Chem Toxicol	10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00086-6	1998
Enzymology	Isolation and characterization of a porin-like protein of 45 kilodaltons from Bacteroides fragilis.	Odou MF, Singer E, Romond MB, Dubreuil L	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13911.x	1998
Pathogenicity	Influence of stress conditions on Bacteroides fragilis survival and protein profiles.	Avelar KE, Moraes SR, Pinto LJ, Silva e Souza W das G, Domingues RM, Ferreira MC	Zentralbl Bakteriol		1998
Metabolism	CD14-dependent activation of human endothelial cells by Bacteroides fragilis outer membrane.	Sato TT, Kovacich JC, Boyle EM Jr, Haddix TL, Weintraub A, Pohlman TH	J Surg Res	10.1006/jsre.1997.5248	1998
Pathogenicity	Anti-anaerobic activity of erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin: effect of pH adjustment of media to compensate for pH shift caused by incubation in CO2.	Ednie LM, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/41.3.387	1998
Enzymology	Use of polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting to compare clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron from Germany and the United States.	Claros MC, Hunt Gerardo S, Citron DM, Goldstein EJ, Schonian G, Rodloff AC	Clin Infect Dis	10.1086/516200	1997
Pathogenicity	Antibacterial activities of tosufloxacin against anaerobic bacteria and the electron micrograph of its bactericidal effects.	Takahata M, Nishino T	Chemotherapy	10.1159/000239551	1997
Enzymology	A comparison of the haemagglutinating and enzymic activities of Bacteroides fragilis whole cells and outer membrane vesicles.	Patrick S, McKenna JP, O'Hagan S, Dermott E	Microb Pathog	10.1006/mpat.1996.0018	1996
	Formation of mucosal polyps in the nasal and maxillary sinus cavities by infection.	Norlander T, Fukami M, Westrin KM, Stierna P, Carlsoo B	Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg	10.1177/019459989310900322	1993
Phylogeny	Bacteroides fragilis strains express multiple capsular polysaccharides.	Pantosti A, Tzianabos AO, Reinap BG, Onderdonk AB, Kasper DL	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.31.7.1850-1855.1993	1993
Enzymology	The capsular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis comprises two ionically linked polysaccharides.	Tzianabos AO, Pantosti A, Baumann H, Brisson JR, Jennings HJ, Kasper DL	J Biol Chem	S0021-9258(19)37177-7	1992
Enzymology	Characterization of restriction endonuclease BfrBI from Bacteroides fragilis strains BE3 and AIP 10006.	Azeddoug H, Reysset G, Sebald M	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/0378-1097(92)90418-n	1992
Pathogenicity	The bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect of trospectomycin.	Yagi BH, Schaadt RD, Zurenko GE	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/0732-8893(92)90083-6	1992
Phylogeny	Analysis of rRNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms from Bacteroides spp. and Bacteroides fragilis isolates associated with diarrhea in humans and animals.	Smith CJ, Callihan DR	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.30.4.806-812.1992	1992
Enzymology	Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay & indirect fluorescence assay for rapid diagnosis of Bacteroides fragilis infections.	Ayyagari A, Khanna T, Devi S	Indian J Med Res		1992
Enzymology	Experimental maxillary sinusitis induced by Bacteroides fragilis. A bacteriological and histological study in rabbits.	Westrin KM, Norlander T, Stierna P, Carlsoo B, Nord CE	Acta Otolaryngol	10.3109/00016489209100791	1992
Phylogeny	Flow cytometric analysis of within-strain variation in polysaccharide expression by Bacteroides fragilis by use of murine monoclonal antibodies.	Lutton DA, Patrick S, Crockard AD, Stewart LD, Larkin MJ, Dermott E, McNeill TA	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/00222615-35-4-229	1991
Enzymology	Immunochemical characterization of two surface polysaccharides of Bacteroides fragilis.	Pantosti A, Tzianabos AO, Onderdonk AB, Kasper DL	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.59.6.2075-2082.1991	1991
Metabolism	Formation of glycoprotein degrading enzymes by Bacteroides fragilis.	Macfarlane GT, Gibson GR	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/0378-1097(91)90567-t	1991
Pathogenicity	Quality control criteria for testing the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to meropenem.	Zabransky RJ, Bayola-Mueller L, Jenkins SG, Pitkin DR, Schreckenberger PC, Celig DM, Spiegel CA	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.12.2804-2805.1990	1990
Enzymology	Protein banding patterns of the outer membrane-enriched fraction of Bacteroides bivius.	Dinsmoor MJ, Ebersole JE, Gibbs RS	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.28.3.405-408.1990	1990
Metabolism	Influence of pH, nutrient availability, and growth rate on amine production by Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium perfringens.	Allison C, Macfarlane GT	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.55.11.2894-2898.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	Serum levels of antibodies against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in various forms of human periodontitis.	Schenck K, Porter SR, Tollefsen T, Johansen JR, Scully C	Acta Odontol Scand	10.3109/00016358909007712	1989
Enzymology	Structural characterization of the lipid A component of Bacteroides fragilis strain NCTC 9343 lipopolysaccharide.	Weintraub A, Zahringer U, Wollenweber HW, Seydel U, Rietschel ET	Eur J Biochem	10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14945.x	1989
Metabolism	Macrolide accumulation by Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285.	Muto Y, Bandoh K, Watanabe K, Katoh N, Ueno K	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.33.2.242	1989
Pathogenicity	Quality control guidelines for testing cefotetan in the reference agar dilution procedure for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	Zabransky RJ, Bobey DG, Barry AL, Allen SD, Fuchs PC, Gerlach EH, Thornsberry C, Sheikh W, Jones RN	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.27.1.190-191.1989	1989
Pathogenicity	Comparative pharmacokinetics and serum inhibitory activity of clindamycin in different dosing regimens.	Flaherty JF, Rodondi LC, Guglielmo BJ, Fleishaker JC, Townsend RJ, Gambertoglio JG	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.32.12.1825	1988
Phylogeny	Beta-subunit of ATP-synthase: a useful marker for studying the phylogenetic relationship of eubacteria.	Amann R, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH	J Gen Microbiol	10.1099/00221287-134-10-2815	1988
Metabolism	Characterization of proteases formed by Bacteroides fragilis.	Gibson SA, Macfarlane GT	J Gen Microbiol	10.1099/00221287-134-8-2231	1988
Pathogenicity	European collaborative study of reproducibility of quantitative sensitivity testing of anaerobes.	King A, Phillips I	J Antimicrob Chemother	10.1093/jac/21.4.425	1988
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of in vitro methods for testing ceftriaxone against anaerobic bacteria, including quality control guidelines.	Barry AL, Jones RN	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.26.4.776-777.1988	1988
Metabolism	Studies on the proteolytic activity of Bacteroides fragilis.	Gibson SA, Macfarlane GT	J Gen Microbiol	10.1099/00221287-134-1-19	1988
Pathogenicity	Ceftizoxime and cefoxitin susceptibility testing against anaerobic bacteria: comparison of results from three NCCLS methods and quality control recommendations for the reference agar dilution procedure.	Jones RN, Barry AL, Fuchs PC, Allen SD	Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis	10.1016/0732-8893(87)90154-4	1987
Enzymology	Immunochemical characterization of a polysaccharide antigen of Bacteroides fragilis with an IgM monoclonal antibody.	Reid JH, Patrick S, Tabaqchali S	J Gen Microbiol	10.1099/00221287-133-1-171	1987
Enzymology	Structural studies of the polysaccharide part of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Weintraub A, Zahringer U, Lindberg AA	Eur J Biochem	10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb09154.x	1985
Pathogenicity	Evaluation of broth microdilution susceptibility results for anaerobic organisms by use of a rapid direct colony inoculum.	Mangels JI, Lindberg LH	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.21.2.269-272.1985	1985
Metabolism	LPS regulation of the immune response: separate mechanisms for murine B cell activation by lipid A (direct) and polysaccharide (macrophage-dependent) derived from Bacteroides LPS.	Williamson SI, Wannemuehler MJ, Jirillo E, Pritchard DG, Michalek SM, McGhee JR	J Immunol		1984
Metabolism	LPS regulation of the immune response: Bacteroides endotoxin induces mitogenic, polyclonal, and antibody responses in classical LPS responsive but not C3H/HeJ mice.	Wannemuehler MJ, Michalek SM, Jirillo E, Williamson SI, Hirasawa M, McGhee JR	J Immunol		1984
Pathogenicity	Establishment of minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefoperazone for control and reference anaerobic organisms.	Zabransky RJ, Randall E, Sutter VL, Birk RJ, Westenfelder G, Emmerman J, Ghoneim AT	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.17.4.711-714.1983	1983
Metabolism	In vitro utilization of mucin by Bacteroides fragilis.	Roberton AM, Stanley RA	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.43.2.325-330.1982	1982
Enzymology	Precipitating carbohydrate antigens of Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Hofstad T	Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B	10.1111/j.1699-0463.1981.tb00179_89b.x	1981
Enzymology	Influence of heme and vitamin B12 on growth and fermentations of Bacteroides species.	Chen M, Wolin MJ	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.145.1.466-471.1981	1981
	Nature, type of linkage, quantity, and absolute configuration of (3-hydroxy) fatty acids in lipopolysaccharides from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 and related strains.	Wollenweber HW, Rietschel ET, Hofstad T, Weintraub A, Lindberg AA	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.144.3.898-903.1980	1980
Pathogenicity	Cytopathogenic effect caused by Bacteroides fragilis endotoxin.	Sawicka-Grzelak A, Polna I, Meisel-Mikolajczyk F	J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol		1980
Cultivation	Collaborative evaluation of a proposed reference dilution method of susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	Sutter VL, Barry AL, Wilkins TD, Zabransky RJ	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.16.4.495	1979
	Occurrence of free ceramides in Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.	Miyagawa E, Azuma R, Suto T, Yano I	J Biochem	10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132528	1979
	Ultrastructure of Bacteroides species: Bacteroides asaccharolyticus, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides melaninogenicus subspecies melaninogenicus, and B. melaninogenicus subspecies intermedius.	Woo DD, Holt SC, Leadbetter ER	J Infect Dis	10.1093/infdis/139.5.534	1979
Phylogeny	Identification of Bacteroides fragilis by indirect immunofluorescence.	Weintraub A, Lindberg AA, Nord CE	Med Microbiol Immunol	10.1007/BF02120807	1979
Metabolism	Factors affecting production of catalase by Bacteroides.	Wilkins TD, Wagner DL, Veltri BJ Jr, Gregory EM	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.8.5.553-557.1978	1978
Metabolism	Requirement of heme for growth of Bacteroides fragilis.	Sperry JF, Appleman MD, Wilkins TD	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.34.4.386-390.1977	1977
	Cross-reactivity of Bacteroides fragilis O antigens.	Hofstad T	Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B	10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb01668.x	1977
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of bile salt hydrolase from Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis.	Stellwag EJ, Hylemon PB	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/0005-2744(76)90068-1	1976
Enzymology	Purification of the O antigen of Bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis NCTC 9343 from phenol-water extracts by gel filtration and chromatography on deae-cellulose and hydroxylapatite.	Hofstad T	Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B	10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb01930.x	1976
Biotechnology	Production of cell-bound antigens by Bacteroides fragilis nctc 9343 in continuous culture.	Dalland E, Hofstad T	Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B	10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00068.x	1975
Cultivation	Growth of Bacteroides fragilis in continuous culture and in batch cultures at controlled pH.	Dalland E, Hofstad T	Appl Microbiol	10.1128/am.28.5.856-860.1974	1974
Pathogenicity	Pharmacodynamics of trovafloxacin and levofloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model.	Peterson ML, Hovde LB, Wright DH, Brown GH, Hoang AD, Rotschafer JC	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.46.1.203-210.2002	2002
Phylogeny	Bacteroides fragilis isolates compared by AP-PCR.	Moraes SR, Goncalves RB, Mouton C, Seldin L, Ferreira MC, Domingues RM	Res Microbiol	10.1016/s0923-2508(99)80050-3	1999
Enzymology	Evaluation of activity of temafloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis by an in vitro pharmacodynamic system.	Zabinski RA, Vance-Bryan K, Krinke AJ, Walker KJ, Moody JA, Rotschafer JC	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/AAC.37.11.2454	1993
	Serum antibody response to Bacteroides fragilis in experimental sinusitis.	Westrin KM, Stierna P, Weintraub A, Palmgren AC, Nord CE	Infection	10.1007/BF01726458	1991
Enzymology	Monoclonal antibodies to Bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide.	Linko-Kettunen L, Arstila P, Jalkanen M, Jousimies-Somer H, Lassila O, Lehtonen OP, Weintraub A, Viljanen MK	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.20.3.519-524.1984	1984
	The growth and survival of capsulate and non-capsulate Bacteroides fragilis in vivo and in vitro.	Patrick S, Reid JH, Larkin MJ	J Med Microbiol	10.1099/00222615-17-3-237	1984
	Capsular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides from two strains of Bacteroides fragilis.	Kasper DL, Lindberg AA, Weintraub A, Onderdonk AB, Lonngren J	Rev Infect Dis	10.1093/clinids/6.supplement_1.s25	1984
	Capsular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides from two Bacteroides fragilis reference strains: chemical and immunochemical characterization.	Kasper DL, Weintraub A, Lindberg AA, Lonngren J	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.153.2.991-997.1983	1983
Phylogeny	Use of an immunoperoxidase method for identification of Bacteroides fragilis.	Hsu PC, Minshew BH, Williams BL, Lennard ES	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.10.3.285-289.1979	1979
Metabolism	Bacteroides fragilis ameliorates Cronobacter malonaticus lipopolysaccharide-induced pathological injury through modulation of the intestinal microbiota.	Ling N, Zhang X, Forsythe S, Zhang D, Shen Y, Zhang J, Ding Y, Wang J, Wu Q, Ye Y	Front Immunol	10.3389/fimmu.2022.931871	2022
Genetics	Noncontiguous finished genome sequence and description of Mediterranea massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Bacteroidaceae family isolated from human colon.	Ngom II, Mailhe M, Ricaboni D, Vitton V, Benezech A, Khelaifia S, Michelle C, Cadoret F, Armstrong N, Levasseur A, Raoult D, Million M.	New Microbes New Infect	10.1016/j.nmni.2017.11.009	2018
	Methanosarcina acetivorans sp. nov., an Acetotrophic Methane-Producing Bacterium Isolated from Marine Sediments.	Sowers KR, Baron SF, Ferry JG.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.47.5.971-978.1984	1984
Phylogeny	Paraphocaeicola brunensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Carrying Two Variants of nimB Resistance Gene from Bacteroides fragilis, and Caecibacteroides pullorum gen. nov., sp. nov., Two Novel Genera Isolated from Chicken Caeca.	Kralova S, Davidova-Gerzova L, Valcek A, Bezdicek M, Rychlik I, Rezacova V, Cizek A	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01954-21	2022

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@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+/-	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+/-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+/-	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	-
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979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+/-	+	-
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979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-

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Content

About us

Bacteroides fragilis (DSM 2151, ATCC 25285, JCM 11019)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Metabolite utilization

Metabolite production

Metabolite tests

Enzymes

Pathway annotation

API zym

API 20A

API rID32A

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000025985

16S sequences

GC content

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

Help

Social Media

@ref	URE	ADH (Arg)	alpha GAL	beta GAL	beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphatebeta GP	alpha GLU	beta GLU	alpha ARA	beta GUR	beta-N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidasebeta NAG	MNE	RAF	GDC	alpha FUC	Reduction of nitrateNIT	IND	PAL	L-arginine arylamidaseArgA	ProA	LGA	Phenylalanine arylamidasePheA	Leucine arylamidaseLeuA	PyrA	Tyrosine arylamidaseTyrA	Alanine arylamidaseAlaA	Glycin arylamidaseGlyA	Histidine arylamidaseHisA	Glutamyl-glutamate arylamidaseGGA	Serine arylamidaseSerA
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	+/-	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+/-	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	+/-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	+/-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+/-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+/-	-
979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+/-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
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979	-	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
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