Streptomyces caelestis (DSM 40084, ATCC 14924, ATCC 15084)

Cell morphology

Multimedia

• @ref:	9297
  multimedia content:	DSM_40084.jpg
  multimedia.multimedia content:	https://www.dsmz.de/microorganisms/photos/DSM_40084.jpg
  caption:	Medium 65 28°C
  intellectual property rights:	© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ
  manual_annotation:	1

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
9297	GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: GYM STREPTOMYCES MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 65) Composition: Agar 18.0 g/l Malt extract 10.0 g/l Yeast extract 4.0 g/l Glucose 4.0 g/l CaCO3 2.0 g/l Distilled water
9297	ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: ROLLED OATS MINERAL MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 84) Composition: Agar 20.0 g/l Rolled oats 20.0 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.001 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l Distilled water

Culture temp

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Compound production

Halophily

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
18528	22599 ChEBI	arabinose	+
68368	29016 ChEBI	arginine	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
68368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	+	assimilation	from API 20E
18528	28757 ChEBI	fructose	+
68368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	hydrolysis	from API 20E
18528	17234 ChEBI	glucose	+
68368	25094 ChEBI	lysine	-	degradation	from API 20E
18528	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	-
18528	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+
68368	18257 ChEBI	ornithine	-	degradation	from API 20E
18528	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+
18528	26546 ChEBI	rhamnose	+
18528	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+
68368	27897 ChEBI	tryptophan	-	energy source	from API 20E
68368	16199 ChEBI	urea	-	hydrolysis	from API 20E
18528	18222 ChEBI	xylose	-

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin		from API 20E
67770	156421 ChEBI	celesticetin
68368	16136 ChEBI	hydrogen sulfide		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		from API 20E

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Indole test
68368	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	-		from API 20E
68368	35581 ChEBI	indole		-	from API 20E

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68368	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	from API 20E
68368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23	from API 20E
68368	gelatinase	+		from API 20E
68368	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	from API 20E
68368	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	from API 20E
68368	tryptophan deaminase	+	4.1.99.1	from API 20E
68368	urease	-	3.5.1.5	from API 20E

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions	external links
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	100	9 of 9
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	100	6 of 6
66794	phenylacetate degradation (aerobic)	100	5 of 5
66794	aminopropanol phosphate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	chorismate metabolism	100	9 of 9
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	starch degradation	100	10 of 10
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	1,4-dihydroxy-6-naphthoate biosynthesis	100	6 of 6
66794	grixazone biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	100	7 of 7
66794	adipate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	valine metabolism	100	9 of 9
66794	acetate fermentation	100	4 of 4
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	cellulose degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	aerobactin biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	taurine degradation	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	92.86	13 of 14
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	90	9 of 10
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	90	9 of 10
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	gluconeogenesis	87.5	7 of 8
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	87.5	7 of 8
66794	isoleucine metabolism	87.5	7 of 8
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	87.5	7 of 8
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	85.71	6 of 7
66794	photosynthesis	85.71	12 of 14
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	85.71	6 of 7
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	81.82	9 of 11
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	81.82	9 of 11
66794	lipid metabolism	80.65	25 of 31
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	propionate fermentation	80	8 of 10
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	80	4 of 5
66794	ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway	80	4 of 5
66794	flavin biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	3-chlorocatechol degradation	80	4 of 5
66794	glycogen metabolism	80	4 of 5
66794	hydrogen production	80	4 of 5
66794	purine metabolism	79.79	75 of 94
66794	alanine metabolism	79.31	23 of 29
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	78.57	22 of 28
66794	citric acid cycle	78.57	11 of 14
66794	glutathione metabolism	78.57	11 of 14
66794	serine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	77.78	7 of 9
66794	allantoin degradation	77.78	7 of 9
66794	d-mannose degradation	77.78	7 of 9
66794	urea cycle	76.92	10 of 13
66794	glycolysis	76.47	13 of 17
66794	non-pathway related	76.32	29 of 38
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	75	3 of 4
66794	toluene degradation	75	3 of 4
66794	butanoate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	75	6 of 8
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	73.53	25 of 34
66794	methionine metabolism	73.08	19 of 26
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	72.73	8 of 11
66794	proline metabolism	72.73	8 of 11
66794	NAD metabolism	72.22	13 of 18
66794	heme metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	71.11	32 of 45
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	70.33	64 of 91
66794	phenol degradation	70	14 of 20
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	68.75	11 of 16
66794	tryptophan metabolism	68.42	26 of 38
66794	degradation of pentoses	67.86	19 of 28
66794	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	IAA biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	degradation of hexoses	66.67	12 of 18
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	methane metabolism	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cysteine metabolism	66.67	12 of 18
66794	arginine metabolism	66.67	16 of 24
66794	tyrosine metabolism	64.29	9 of 14
66794	d-xylose degradation	63.64	7 of 11
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	62.5	10 of 16
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
66794	histidine metabolism	62.07	18 of 29
66794	leucine metabolism	61.54	8 of 13
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	61.54	16 of 26
66794	3-phenylpropionate degradation	60	9 of 15
66794	glycine metabolism	60	6 of 10
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	60	3 of 5
66794	degradation of sugar acids	60	15 of 25
66794	carotenoid biosynthesis	59.09	13 of 22
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	58.33	7 of 12
66794	propanol degradation	57.14	4 of 7
66794	nitrate assimilation	55.56	5 of 9
66794	daunorubicin biosynthesis	55.56	5 of 9
66794	lysine metabolism	52.38	22 of 42
66794	ascorbate metabolism	50	11 of 22
66794	mannosylglycerate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	50	2 of 4
66794	kanosamine biosynthesis II	50	1 of 2
66794	4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation	50	5 of 10
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	alginate biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
66794	vitamin E metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	quinate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	bile acid biosynthesis, neutral pathway	47.06	8 of 17
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	46.15	6 of 13
66794	sulfate reduction	46.15	6 of 13
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	46.15	6 of 13
66794	cholesterol biosynthesis	45.45	5 of 11
66794	aclacinomycin biosynthesis	42.86	3 of 7
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	bacilysin biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	40	2 of 5
66794	vitamin K metabolism	40	2 of 5
66794	O-antigen biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	gallate degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
66794	D-cycloserine biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	polyamine pathway	39.13	9 of 23
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	sphingosine metabolism	33.33	2 of 6
66794	methanogenesis from CO2	33.33	4 of 12
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	benzoyl-CoA degradation	28.57	2 of 7
66794	mevalonate metabolism	28.57	2 of 7
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	27.78	5 of 18
66794	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	27.27	3 of 11
66794	carnitine metabolism	25	2 of 8
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	catecholamine biosynthesis	25	1 of 4

API 20E

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X80824 (>99% sequence identity) for Streptomyces from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	2
Soil Samples	112
Animal Samples	49
Plant Samples	3
Total Samples	166

Risk assessment

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM1420525v1 assembly for Streptomyces caelestis DSM 40084	contig	GCA_014205255	36816.5	2873322191	36816	78.93
124043	ASM4266215v1 assembly for Streptomyces caelestis JCM 4566	scaffold	GCA_042662155			36816	62.31
66792	ASM1465029v1 assembly for Streptomyces caelestis JCM 4566	scaffold	GCA_014650295	36816.6	8113611293	36816	22.62

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
20218	Streptomyces caelestis partial 16S rRNA gene, strain ISP 5084	AJ399467	1448		36816
20218	Streptomyces caelestis gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 4566	D44235	121		36816
20218	Streptomyces caelestis gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence, strain: NBRC 12749	AB184838	1480		36816
20218	Streptomyces caelestis 16S rRNA gene	X80824	1518		36816
124043	Streptomyces caelestis strain JCM 4566 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	MT760574	1393		36816

GC content

Predictions

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	New Lipase for Biodiesel Production: Partial Purification and Characterization of LipSB 25-4.	Ugur A, Sarac N, Boran R, Ayaz B, Ceylan O, Okmen G.	ISRN Biochem	10.1155/2014/289749	2014
	Molecular basis for the diversification of lincosamide biosynthesis by pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes.	Mori T, Moriwaki Y, Sakurada K, Lyu S, Kadlcik S, Janata J, Mazumdar A, Koberska M, Terada T, Kamenik Z, Abe I.	Nat Chem	10.1038/s41557-024-01687-7	2025
Enzymology	Adaptation of an L-proline adenylation domain to use 4-propyl-L-proline in the evolution of lincosamide biosynthesis.	Kadlcik S, Kucera T, Chalupska D, Gazak R, Koberska M, Ulanova D, Kopecky J, Kutejova E, Najmanova L, Janata J.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0084902	2013
Metabolism	Lincosamide synthetase--a unique condensation system combining elements of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and mycothiol metabolism.	Janata J, Kadlcik S, Koberska M, Ulanova D, Kamenik Z, Novak P, Kopecky J, Novotna J, Radojevic B, Plhackova K, Gazak R, Najmanova L.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0118850	2015
	Four new antibacterial xanthones from the marine-derived actinomycetes Streptomyces caelestis.	Liu LL, Xu Y, Han Z, Li YX, Lu L, Lai PY, Zhong JL, Guo XR, Zhang XX, Qian PY.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md10112571	2012
	Streptomyces antibioticalis, a Novel Species from a Sanitary Landfill Soil.	Khanna M, Solanki R.	Indian J Microbiol	10.1007/s12088-012-0309-4	2012
Metabolism	Studies of lincosamide formation complete the biosynthetic pathway for lincomycin A.	Wang SA, Lin CI, Zhang J, Ushimaru R, Sasaki E, Liu HW.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.2009306117	2020
Phylogeny	STREPTOMYCES SPECIES COMPRISING THE BLUE-SPORE SERIES.	TREJO WH, BENNETT RE.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.85.3.676-690.1963	1963
	Isolation of Streptomyces spp. Exhibiting Potent Antibiofilm Activity Against Clinically Isolated Bacterial Strains.	Mahmood KI, Najmuldeen HH, Ali KM, Faqe Salih LI, Ali AM, Rachid SK.	Int J Microbiol	10.1155/ijm/4796619	2025
	Alleviation of salinity and metal stress using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria isolated from semiarid Moroccan copper-mine soils.	Madline A, Benidire L, Boularbah A.	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	10.1007/s11356-021-15168-8	2021
	Chemical Diversity and Ecological Origins of Anti-MRSA Metabolites from Actinomycetota.	Fernandes SP, de Almeida LLC, de Souza TA, de Oliveira GD, Silva MDS, Rodrigues-Junior VDS, Alves HDS, Cibulski SP.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics14111060	2025
	Genome-based analysis of the type II PKS biosynthesis pathway of xanthones in Streptomyces caelestis and their antifungal activity.	Liu LL, Liu HF, Gao HH, Yang ZZ, Feng XL, Gao JM, Zhao JB.	RSC Adv	10.1039/c9ra07345k	2019
Enzymology	Structure and possible mechanism of the CcbJ methyltransferase from Streptomyces caelestis.	Bauer J, Ondrovicova G, Najmanova L, Pevala V, Kamenik Z, Kostan J, Janata J, Kutejova E.	Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr	10.1107/s139900471303397x	2014
	Elucidation of salicylate attachment in celesticetin biosynthesis opens the door to create a library of more efficient hybrid lincosamide antibiotics.	Kadlcik S, Kamenik Z, Vasek D, Nedved M, Janata J.	Chem Sci	10.1039/c6sc04235j	2017
Pathogenicity	Antimicrobial compounds from marine actinomycetes.	Wang C, Lu Y, Cao S.	Arch Pharm Res	10.1007/s12272-020-01251-0	2020
Enzymology	Isolation, purification and partial characterization of antibacterial activities produced by a newly isolated Streptomyces sp. US24 strain.	Mellouli L, Ben Ameur-Mehdi R, Sioud S, Salem M, Bejar S.	Res Microbiol	10.1016/s0923-2508(03)00077-9	2003
	Evolution-guided adaptation of an adenylation domain substrate specificity to an unusual amino acid.	Vobruba S, Kadlcik S, Gazak R, Janata J.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0189684	2017
Biotechnology	Marine Actinobacteria a New Source of Antibacterial Metabolites to Treat Acne Vulgaris Disease-A Systematic Literature Review.	De La Hoz-Romo MC, Diaz L, Villamil L.	Antibiotics (Basel)	10.3390/antibiotics11070965	2022
Metabolism	Mycobacterium hassiacum recovers from nitrogen starvation with up-regulation of a novel glucosylglycerate hydrolase and depletion of the accumulated glucosylglycerate.	Alarico S, Costa M, Sousa MS, Maranha A, Lourenco EC, Faria TQ, Ventura MR, Empadinhas N.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep06766	2014
Pathogenicity	Brain abscess caused by Streptomyces infection following penetration trauma: case report and results of susceptibility analysis of 92 isolates of Streptomyces species submitted to the CDC from 2000 to 2004.	Rose CE, Brown JM, Fisher JF.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01132-07	2008
	Identification and characterization of the niddamycin polyketide synthase genes from Streptomyces caelestis.	Kakavas SJ, Katz L, Stassi D.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.179.23.7515-7522.1997	1997
	Cloning of a lincosamide resistance determinant from Streptomyces caelestis, the producer of celesticetin, and characterization of the resistance mechanism.	Calcutt MJ, Cundliffe E.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.172.8.4710-4714.1990	1990
Phylogeny	Biogeography of actinomycete communities and type II polyketide synthase genes in soils collected in New Jersey and Central Asia.	Wawrik B, Kutliev D, Abdivasievna UA, Kukor JJ, Zylstra GJ, Kerkhof L.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02611-06	2007
Metabolism	Natural biocombinatorics in the polyketide synthase genes of the actinobacterium Streptomyces avermitilis.	Jenke-Kodama H, Borner T, Dittmann E.	PLoS Comput Biol	10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020132	2006
Metabolism	Glucosylglycerate is an osmotic solute and an extracellular metabolite produced by Streptomyces caelestis.	Pospisl S, Halada P, Petricek M, Sedmera P	Folia Microbiol (Praha)	10.1007/BF02932103	2007
Phylogeny	Streptomyces swartbergensis sp. nov., a novel tyrosinase and antibiotic producing actinobacterium.	le Roes-Hill M, Prins A, Meyers PR	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek	10.1007/s10482-017-0979-3	2017