Name: Virgibacillus arcticus DSM 19574
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 1487

Type strain:

Species: Virgibacillus arcticus

Culture col. no.: DSM 19574, JCM 14839, HAL Hal1, HAL 1

Strain history: L. Whyte Hal 1.

NCBI tax ID(s): 469869 (species)

SI-ID 408292

DSM 19574

Section

Virgibacillus arcticus DSM 19574 is a moderately halophilic, spore-forming, psychrophilic bacterium that has a light pink pigmentation and was isolated from permafrost core of 9 m depth.

Gram-positive
motile
pigmented
rod-shaped
spore-forming
moderately halophilic
psychrophilic
16S sequence
Bacteria

Information on the name and the taxonomic classification. Name and taxonomic classification

	Last LPSN update	14-12-2023 (DD-MM-YYYY)
	Domain	"Bacteria"
	Phylum	*Bacillota*
	Class	*Bacilli*
	Order	*Caryophanales*
	Family	*Bacillaceae*
	Genus	*Virgibacillus*
	Species	**Virgibacillus arcticus**
	Full Scientific Name (LPSN)	Virgibacillus arcticus Niederberger et al. 2009

Information on morphological and physiological properties Morphology

[Ref.: #23057]	Gram stain	positive

[Ref.: #23057]	Cell length	2.0-5.0 µm

[Ref.: #23057]	Cell width	0.5-0.8 µm

[Ref.: #23057]	Cell shape	rod-shaped

[Ref.: #23057]	Motility	yes

[Ref.: #23057]	Colony size	2.0 mm
[Ref.: #23057]	Incubation period	7 days
[Ref.: #23057]	Cultivation medium used	1/4 HM plates

[Ref.: #23057]	Pigment production	yes
[Ref.: #23057]	Pigmentation color	light pink

Information on culture and growth conditions Culture and growth conditions

[Ref.: #8188]

Culture medium

BACTO MARINE BROTH (DIFCO 2216) (DSMZ Medium 514)

[Ref.: #8188]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #8188]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

[Ref.: #8188]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #23057]

Culture medium

1/4 HM plates

[Ref.: #23057]

Culture medium growth

	Kind of temperature		Temperature
[Ref.: #8188]		growth	20 °C
[Ref.: #23057]		growth	0.0-30.0 °C
[Ref.: #23057]	no	growth	-5.0 °C
[Ref.: #23057]	no	growth	37.0 °C
[Ref.: #23057]		optimum	25.0 °C
[Ref.: #67770]		growth	25 °C

[Ref.: #8188]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #23057]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #23057]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #67770]	Temperature range	mesophilic

	Kind of pH		pH
[Ref.: #23057]		optimum	7.0
[Ref.: #23057]		growth	4.4-9.1
[Ref.: #23057]	no	growth	10.0

Information on physiology and metabolism Physiology and metabolism

[Ref.: #23057]	Spore description	ellipsoidal,central or subterminal
[Ref.: #23057]	Type of spore	endospore
[Ref.: #23057]	Ability of spore formation	yes

[Ref.: #23057]

Halophily / tolerance level

moderately halophilic

	Salt	Tested relation		Salt conc.
[Ref.: #23057]	NaCl		growth	0.0-20.0	%(w/v)
[Ref.: #23057]	NaCl		optimum	5.0	%(w/v)
[Ref.: #23057]	NaCl	no	growth	25.0	%

[Ref.: #8188]	Murein short key	A11
[Ref.: #8188]	Murein types	A1alpha L-Lys-direct
[Ref.: #23057]	Murein short key	A11
[Ref.: #23057]	Murein types	A1alpha L-Lys-direct

[Ref.: #67770]

Observation

quinones: MK-7

	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
[Ref.: #23057]	amygdalin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	casein	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #23057]	cellobiose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23057]	cellobiose ChEBI	-	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	citrate ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23057]	D-fructose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	D-glucose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	D-glucose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	D-mannitol ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	D-mannose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	D-sorbitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	gelatin ChEBI	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #23057]	L-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	L-rhamnose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	lactose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23057]	lactose ChEBI	-	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	lactose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	maltose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	melibiose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23057]	melibiose ChEBI	-	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	melibiose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	myo-inositol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	nitrate ChEBI	+	reduction
[Ref.: #23057]	raffinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	sucrose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	sucrose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	trehalose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23057]	trehalose ChEBI	-	growth
[Ref.: #23057]	trehalose ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	tryptophan ChEBI	-	energy source
[Ref.: #23057]	xylitol ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23057]	xylose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Metabolite	Antibiotic sensitivity
[Ref.: #23057]	ampicillin ChEBI	yes
[Ref.: #23057]	chloramphenicol ChEBI	yes
[Ref.: #23057]	erythromycin ChEBI	yes
[Ref.: #23057]	rifampicin ChEBI	yes
[Ref.: #23057]	streptomycin ChEBI	yes

	Metabolite	Production
[Ref.: #23057]	acetoin ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #23057]	hydrogen sulfide ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #23057]	indole ChEBI	no

	Metabolite	Voges-Proskauer-test	Indole test	Citrate test
[Ref.: #23057]	acetoin ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #23057]	citrate ChEBI			-
[Ref.: #23057]	indole ChEBI		-

	Enzyme	Enzyme activity	EC number
[Ref.: #23057]	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1
[Ref.: #23057]	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6
[Ref.: #23057]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #23057]	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #23057]	cytochrome oxidase	-	1.9.3.1
[Ref.: #23057]	gelatinase	+
[Ref.: #23057]	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
[Ref.: #23057]	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
[Ref.: #23057]	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1
[Ref.: #23057]	urease	-	3.5.1.5

Information on isolation source, the sampling and environmental conditions Isolation, sampling and environmental information

[Ref.: #8188]	Sample type/isolated from	permafrost core of 9 m depth
[Ref.: #8188]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	Canadian high Arctic, Ellesmere Island, Eureka
[Ref.: #8188]	Country	Canada
[Ref.: #8188]	Country ISO 3 Code	CAN
[Ref.: #8188]	Continent	North America

[Ref.: #67770]	Sample type/isolated from	Permafrost core of 9 m in depth collected near Eureka
[Ref.: #67770]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	Ellesmere Island, in the Canadian high Arctic
[Ref.: #67770]	Country	Canada
[Ref.: #67770]	Country ISO 3 Code	CAN
[Ref.: #67770]	Continent	North America

[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture	1/4 HM medium
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture composition	per litre: 178 g NaCl, 2 g KCl, 1 g MgSO4.7H2O, 0.36 g CaCl2.2H2O, 0.23 g NaBr, 0.06 g NaHCO3 , 0.01 g FeCl3 , 1.25 g proteose-peptone, 2.5 g yeast extract and 0.25 g glucose, adjusted to about pH 7.0
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture duration	14 days
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture temperature	23.0 ̊C

[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture	1/4 HM medium
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture composition	per litre: 178 g NaCl, 2 g KCl, 1 g MgSO4.7H2O, 0.36 g CaCl2.2H2O, 0.23 g NaBr, 0.06 g NaHCO3 , 0.01 g FeCl3 , 1.25 g proteose-peptone, 2.5 g yeast extract and 0.25 g glucose, adjusted to about pH 7.0
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture duration	30 days
[Ref.: #23057]	Enrichment culture temperature	5.0 ̊C
* marker position based on {}

Isolation sources categories

#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Core sample
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Permafrost

What are isolation sources categories?

Information on possible application of the strain and its possible interaction with e.g. potential hosts Safety information

[Ref.: #8188]

Biosafety level

Risk group (German classification)
According to TRBA 466

Information on genomic background e.g. entries in nucleic sequence databass Sequence information

16S Sequence information:

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Sequence length (bp)	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #8188]	Virgibacillus arcticus strain Hal 1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	EF675742	1350	ENA	469869 tax ID

[Ref.: #8188]	GC-content	38.2 mol%	fluorimetric
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	38.2 mol%	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Availability in culture collections External links

[Ref.: #8188]

Culture collection no.

DSM 19574, JCM 14839, HAL Hal1, HAL 1

[Ref.: #71133]

SI-ID 408292

Literature:

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus arcticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium from permafrost in the Canadian high Arctic.	Niederberger TD, Steven B, Charvet S, Barbier B, Whyte LG	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.002931-0	2009	*

References

#8188

Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 19574

#20215

Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )

#23057

Thomas D. Niederberger,Blaire Steven,Sophie Charvet,Beatrice Barbier,Lyle G. Whyte: Virgibacillus arcticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium from permafrost in the Canadian high Arctic. IJSEM 59: 2219 - 2225 2009 ( DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.002931-0 , PubMed 19605723 )

#67770 Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;

#71133

Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.: StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers . ( DOI 10.60712/SI-ID408292.1 )

* These data were automatically processed and therefore are not curated

Change proposal

You found an error in BacDive? Please tell us about it!

Note that changes will be reviewed and judged. If your changes are legitimate, changes will occur within the next BacDive update. Only proposed changes supported by the according reference will be reviewed. The BacDive team reserves the right to reject proposed changes.

Search for species Virgibacillus arcticus in external resources:
SILVA
BRENDA
PANGAEA
StrainInfo
GBIF