Name: Virgibacillus carmonensis mccs2332
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 1482

Type strain:

Species: Virgibacillus carmonensis

Strain Designation: mccs2332

Culture col. no.: DSM 14868, JCM 16508, LMG 20964, KCTC 3819, CIP 108266

Strain history: CIP <- 2004, DSMZ <- LMG: strain mccs2332 <- J. Heyrman, Univ. Ghent, Belgium

NCBI tax ID(s): 171692 (species)

SI-ID 85322

LMG 20964, DSM 14868, KCTC 3819, CIP 108266, JCM 16508

Section

Virgibacillus carmonensis mccs2332 is an aerobe, spore-forming, mesophilic bacterium that forms circular colonies and was isolated from mural painting.

colony-forming
Gram-positive
motile
rod-shaped
spore-forming
aerobe
mesophilic
16S sequence
Bacteria

Information on the name and the taxonomic classification. Name and taxonomic classification

	Last LPSN update	14-12-2023 (DD-MM-YYYY)
	Domain	"Bacteria"
	Phylum	*Bacillota*
	Class	*Bacilli*
	Order	*Caryophanales*
	Family	*Bacillaceae*
	Genus	*Virgibacillus*
	Species	**Virgibacillus carmonensis**
	Full Scientific Name (LPSN)	Virgibacillus carmonensis Heyrman et al. 2003

Information on morphological and physiological properties Morphology

[Ref.: #23062]	Gram stain	positive
[Ref.: #117185]	Gram stain	positive

[Ref.: #23062]	Cell length	2.0-7.0 µm

[Ref.: #23062]	Cell width	0.5-0.7 µm

[Ref.: #23062]	Cell shape	rod-shaped
[Ref.: #117185]	Cell shape	rod-shaped

[Ref.: #23062]	Motility	yes
[Ref.: #117185]	Motility	yes

[Ref.: #23062]	Colony size	0.5-1.0 mm
[Ref.: #23062]	Colony color	pink tint (larger colonies)
[Ref.: #23062]	Colony shape	circular
[Ref.: #23062]	Incubation period	1 day
[Ref.: #23062]	Cultivation medium used	MA medium

Information on culture and growth conditions Culture and growth conditions

[Ref.: #5587]

Culture medium

BACTO MARINE BROTH (DIFCO 2216) (DSMZ Medium 514)

[Ref.: #5587]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #5587]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

[Ref.: #5587]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #23062]

Culture medium

MA medium

[Ref.: #23062]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #33930]

Culture medium

Marine agar (MA)

[Ref.: #33930]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #33930]

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #117185]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 13

[Ref.: #117185]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #117185]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

	Kind of temperature		Temperature
[Ref.: #5587]		growth	28 °C
[Ref.: #23062]		growth	10.0-40.0 °C
[Ref.: #23062]		optimum	25.0-30.0 °C
[Ref.: #33930]		growth	30 °C
[Ref.: #67770]		growth	30 °C
[Ref.: #117185]		growth	10-30 °C
[Ref.: #117185]	no	growth	37 °C
[Ref.: #117185]	no	growth	45 °C
[Ref.: #117185]	no	growth	55 °C

[Ref.: #5587]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #23062]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #33930]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #67770]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #117185]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #117185]	Temperature range	thermophilic

	pH	Kind of pH		pH
[Ref.: #117185]		no	growth	6

Information on physiology and metabolism Physiology and metabolism

[Ref.: #23062]	Oxygen tolerance	aerobe
[Ref.: #117185]	Oxygen tolerance	obligate aerobe

[Ref.: #23062]	Spore description	ellipsoidal, sometimes nearly spherical,subterminal,in swollen sporangia
[Ref.: #23062]	Type of spore	endospore
[Ref.: #23062]	Ability of spore formation	yes

	Salt	Tested relation		Salt conc.
[Ref.: #23062]	NaCl		optimum	5.0	%
[Ref.: #23062]	NaCl		optimum	10.0	%
[Ref.: #23062]	NaCl	no	growth	0.0	%
[Ref.: #117185]	NaCl		growth	0-10	%

[Ref.: #23062]	Murein short key	A31
[Ref.: #23062]	Murein types	A1gamma m-Dpm-direct

[Ref.: #67770]

Observation

quinones: MK-7

	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
[Ref.: #23062]	2-dehydro-D-gluconate ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	5-dehydro-D-gluconate ChEBI	+	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	amygdalin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	arbutin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	casein	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #23062]	cellobiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	cellobiose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #117185]	citrate ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	D-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-arabinose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	D-arabitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-fructose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-fructose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	D-fucose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-galactose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-glucose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-glucose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	D-lyxose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-mannitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-mannose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-ribose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-sorbitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-tagatose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-trehalose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-trehalose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	D-xylose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	D-xylose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	erythritol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	esculin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	esculin ChEBI	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #117185]	esculin ChEBI	-	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #23062]	galactitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	gentiobiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	gluconate ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	glycerol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	glycogen ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #117185]	hippurate ChEBI	-	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #23062]	inulin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-arabitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-fucose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-rhamnose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-sorbose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	L-xylose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	lactose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	lactose ChEBI	-	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	maltose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	melezitose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	melibiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	melibiose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	methyl alpha-D-mannoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	myo-inositol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	N-acetylglucosamine ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	nitrate ChEBI	+	reduction
[Ref.: #117185]	nitrate ChEBI	+	reduction
[Ref.: #117185]	nitrate ChEBI	-	respiration
[Ref.: #117185]	nitrite ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #23062]	raffinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	raffinose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	ribitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	salicin ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	starch ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	sucrose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	sucrose ChEBI	+	carbon source
[Ref.: #23062]	tryptophan ChEBI	-	energy source
[Ref.: #23062]	turanose ChEBI	-	builds acid from
[Ref.: #23062]	xylitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Metabolite	Production
[Ref.: #23062]	acetoin ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #23062]	hydrogen sulfide ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #23062]	indole ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #117185]	indole ChEBI	no

	Metabolite	Voges-Proskauer-test	Methylred-test	Indole test
[Ref.: #23062]	acetoin ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #117185]	acetoin ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #117185]	glucose ChEBI		-
[Ref.: #23062]	indole ChEBI			-

	Enzyme	Enzyme activity	EC number
[Ref.: #68382]	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
[Ref.: #68382]	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-chymotrypsin	+	3.4.21.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	amylase	-
[Ref.: #23062]	arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6
[Ref.: #23062]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #117185]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	caseinase	+	3.4.21.50
[Ref.: #23062]	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #117185]	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #68382]	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	DNase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase (C 4)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
[Ref.: #23062]	gelatinase	-
[Ref.: #117185]	gelatinase	+
[Ref.: #117185]	lecithinase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	leucine arylamidase	+	3.4.11.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #117185]	lipase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	lipase (C 14)	-		* from API zym
[Ref.: #23062]	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
[Ref.: #117185]	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
[Ref.: #68382]	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		* from API zym
[Ref.: #23062]	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
[Ref.: #117185]	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
[Ref.: #117185]	oxidase	-
[Ref.: #68382]	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	* from API zym
[Ref.: #23062]	tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1
[Ref.: #117185]	tween esterase	-
[Ref.: #23062]	urease	-	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #117185]	urease	-	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #68382]	valine arylamidase	-		* from API zym
	Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

API® zym:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Control	2-naphthyl phosphateAlkaline phosphatase	2-naphthyl butyrateEsterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	2-naphthyl myristateLipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamideTrypsin	N-glutaryl-phenylalanine-2-naphthylamidealpha- Chymotrypsin	2-naphthyl phosphateAcid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-galactpyranosidealpha- Galactosidase	2-naphthyl-betaD-galactpyranosidebeta- Galactosidase	Naphthol-AS-BI-betaD-glucuronidebeta- Glucuronidase	2-naphthyl-alphaD-glucopyranosidealpha- Glucosidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-betaD-glucopyranosidebeta- Glucosidase	1-naphthyl-N-acetyl-betaD-glucosaminideN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-mannopyranosidealpha- Mannosidase	2-naphthyl-alphaL-fucopyranosidealpha- Fucosidase
[Ref.: #117185]	11039	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

Information on isolation source, the sampling and environmental conditions Isolation, sampling and environmental information

[Ref.: #5587]	Sample type/isolated from	mural painting
[Ref.: #5587]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	Seville, Carmona
[Ref.: #5587]	Country	Spain
[Ref.: #5587]	Country ISO 3 Code	ESP
[Ref.: #5587]	Continent	Europe

[Ref.: #67770]	Sample type/isolated from	Biofilm formation on the mural paintings of the Servilia tomb
[Ref.: #67770]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	necropolis of Carmona
[Ref.: #67770]	Country	Spain
[Ref.: #67770]	Country ISO 3 Code	ESP
[Ref.: #67770]	Continent	Europe

[Ref.: #117185]	Sample type/isolated from	Mural painting
[Ref.: #117185]	Country	Spain
[Ref.: #117185]	Country ISO 3 Code	ESP
[Ref.: #117185]	Continent	Europe

[Ref.: #23062]	Geographic location (country and/or sea, region)	Servilia tomb of Roman necropolis of Carmona (Seville)
* marker position based on {}

Isolation sources categories

#Engineered	#Built environment	-
#Engineered	#Other	#Painting

What are isolation sources categories?

Information on possible application of the strain and its possible interaction with e.g. potential hosts Safety information

[Ref.: #5587]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
[Ref.: #117185]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (French classification)

Information on genomic background e.g. entries in nucleic sequence databass Sequence information

16S Sequence information:

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Sequence length (bp)	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #23062]	Virgibacillus carmonensis partial 16S rRNA gene, type strain LMG 20964T	AJ316302	1518	GenBank	171692 tax ID
[Ref.: #20218]	Virgibacillus carmonensis genes for 16S ribosomal RNA, internal transcribed spacer 1 and 23S ribosomal RNA, partial and complete sequence, clone: 588	AB367174	588	ENA	171692 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	Virgibacillus carmonensis genes for 16S ribosomal RNA, internal transcribed spacer 1 and 23S ribosomal RNA, partial and complete sequence, clone: 505	AB367175	505	ENA	171692 tax ID	*

[Ref.: #23062]

GC-content

38.9 mol%

high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Availability in culture collections External links

[Ref.: #5587]

Culture collection no.

DSM 14868, JCM 16508, LMG 20964, KCTC 3819, CIP 108266

[Ref.: #71128]

SI-ID 85322

Literature:

Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Phylogeny	Lentibacillus saliphilus. sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saltern in Korea.	Wang Y, Jiang GQ, Lin HP, Sun P, Zhang HY, Lu DM, Wang LY, Kim CJ, Tang SK	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-020-02043-2	2020	*
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus phasianinus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from faeces of a Swinhoe's pheasant, Lophura swinhoii.	Tak EJ, Kim HS, Lee JY, Kang W, Sung H, Kim PS, Hyun DW, Shin NR, Roh JR, Park SD, Shim HE, Bae JW	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002650	2018	*
Phylogeny	Aquibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake, and reclassification of Virgibacillus koreensis as Aquibacillus koreensis comb. nov. and Virgibacillus albus as Aquibacillus albus comb. nov.	Amoozegar MA, Bagheri M, Didari M, Mehrshad M, Schumann P, Sproer C, Sanchez-Porro C, Ventosa A	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.065375-0	2014	*
Phylogeny	Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays.	Glaeser SP, McInroy JA, Busse HJ, Kampfer P	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.064584-0	2014	*
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus alimentarius sp. nov., isolated from a traditional Korean food.	Kim J, Jung MJ, Roh SW, Nam YD, Shin KS, Bae JW	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.028191-0	2011	*
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus byunsanensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.	Yoon JH, Kang SJ, Jung YT, Lee KC, Oh HW, Oh TK	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.009837-0	2009	*
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus salinus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from sediment of a saline lake.	Carrasco IJ, Marquez MC, Ventosa A	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.009530-0	2009	*
Phylogeny	Virgibacillus carmonensis sp. nov., Virgibacillus necropolis sp. nov. and Virgibacillus picturae sp. nov., three novel species isolated from deteriorated mural paintings, transfer of the species of the genus salibacillus to Virgibacillus, as Virgibacillus marismortui comb. nov. and Virgibacillus salexigens comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Virgibacillus.	Heyrman J, Logan NA, Busse HJ, Balcaen A, Lebbe L, Rodriguez-Diaz M, Swings J, De Vos P	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.02371-0	2003	*

References

#5587

Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 14868

#20215

Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )

#20218

Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )

#23062

Jeroen Heyrman,Niall A. Logan,Hans-Jürgen Busse,An Balcaen,Liesbeth Lebbe,Marina Rodriguez-Diaz,Jean Swings,Paul De Vos: Virgibacillus carmonensis sp. nov., Virgibacillus necropolis sp. nov. and Virgibacillus picturae sp. nov., three novel species isolated from deteriorated mural paintings, transfer of the species of the genus Salibacillus to Virgibacillus, as Virgibacillus marismortui comb. nov. and Virgibacillus salexigens comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Virgibacillus. IJSEM 53: 501 - 511 2003 ( DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02371-0 , PubMed 12710619 )

#33930 ; Curators of the CIP;
#67770 Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;

#68382

Automatically annotated from API zym .

#71128

Reimer, L.C., Lissin, A.,Schober, I., Witte,J.F., Podstawka, A., Lüken, H., Bunk, B.,Overmann, J.: StrainInfo: A central database for resolving microbial strain identifiers . ( DOI 10.60712/SI-ID85322.1 )

#117185 Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 108266
* These data were automatically processed and therefore are not curated

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