Alkalispirochaeta americana (DSM 14872, ATCC BAA-392, ASpG1)

Name: Alkalispirochaeta americana (DSM 14872, ATCC BAA-392, ASpG1)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 14335

Type strain

Strain Designation ASpG1

Culture col. no. DSM 14872 ATCC BAA-392 ASpG1

NCBI tax ID(s) 159291

Special Collections DSMZ

History <- E. V. Pikuta, Center Space Plasma and Aeronomic Res. (CSPAR), Univ. Alabama Huntsville, USA; ASpG1

Links

Alkalispirochaeta americana ASpG1 is an obligate anaerobe bacterium that was isolated from mud sediment of an alkaline, hypersaline, meromictic soda lake.

obligate anaerobe genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 100107

ATCC BAA-392,DSM 14872

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:21:23

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Spirochaetota

Class Spirochaetia

Order Spirochaetales

Family Spirochaetaceae

Genus Alkalispirochaeta

Species Alkalispirochaeta americana

Full scientific name Alkalispirochaeta americana (Hoover et al. 2003) Sravanthi et al. 2016

Synonyms (1)

Spirochaeta americana

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Confidence
125439	negative	93.4

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Medium link	Composition
5589	SPIROCHAETA AMERICANA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1165)		Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: SPIROCHAETA AMERICANA MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 1165) Composition: NaCl 30.0 g/l NaHCO3 24.0 g/l D-Glucose 5.0 g/l Na2CO3 2.76 g/l NH4Cl 1.0 g/l Yeast extract 0.5 g/l Na2S x 9 H2O 0.4 g/l KCl 0.2 g/l K2HPO4 0.2 g/l MgCl2 x 6 H2O 0.1 g/l MnCl2 x 4 H2O 0.0036 g/l Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 x 12 H2O 0.002 g/l ZnSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l CoCl2 x 6 H2O 0.001 g/l FeSO4 x 7 H2O 0.001 g/l Resazurin 0.001 g/l NiCl2 0.0005 g/l H3BO3 0.0001 g/l CuSO4 x 5 H2O 0.0001 g/l AlK(SO4)2 x 12 H2O 0.0001 g/l Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O 0.0001 g/l Pyridoxine hydrochloride 2e-05 g/l Lipoic acid 1e-05 g/l p-Aminobenzoic acid 1e-05 g/l D-Calcium pantothenate 1e-05 g/l Nicotinic acid 1e-05 g/l Riboflavin 1e-05 g/l Thiamine-HCl x 2 H2O 1e-05 g/l Folic acid 4e-06 g/l Biotin 4e-06 g/l Vitamin B12 2e-07 g/l HCl Distilled water

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)
5589	positive	growth	37

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance	Confidence
5589	obligate anaerobe
125439	anaerobe	99

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125439		94.7

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	starch degradation	100	10 of 10
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	adipate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	valine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	NAD metabolism	88.89	16 of 18
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	81.82	9 of 11
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	81.82	9 of 11
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	81.25	13 of 16
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	80	36 of 45
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	80	8 of 10
66794	threonine metabolism	80	8 of 10
66794	glycogen metabolism	80	4 of 5
66794	photosynthesis	78.57	11 of 14
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	77.78	7 of 9
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	toluene degradation	75	3 of 4
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	75	6 of 8
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	purine metabolism	74.47	70 of 94
66794	flavin biosynthesis	73.33	11 of 15
66794	alanine metabolism	72.41	21 of 29
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	71.43	20 of 28
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	71.43	5 of 7
66794	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
66794	polyamine pathway	69.57	16 of 23
66794	leucine metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	methionine metabolism	69.23	18 of 26
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	66.67	4 of 6
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	serine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	d-mannose degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	degradation of pentoses	64.29	18 of 28
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	gluconeogenesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	isoleucine metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	61.54	56 of 91
66794	cysteine metabolism	61.11	11 of 18
66794	hydrogen production	60	3 of 5
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	60	3 of 5
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	60	6 of 10
66794	citric acid cycle	57.14	8 of 14
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	57.14	4 of 7
66794	non-pathway related	55.26	21 of 38
66794	histidine metabolism	55.17	16 of 29
66794	proline metabolism	54.55	6 of 11
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	53.85	14 of 26
66794	urea cycle	53.85	7 of 13
66794	tryptophan metabolism	52.63	20 of 38
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	degradation of hexoses	50	9 of 18
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	kanosamine biosynthesis II	50	1 of 2
66794	ribulose monophosphate pathway	50	1 of 2
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	lysine metabolism	50	21 of 42
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	50	6 of 12
66794	biotin biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	50	4 of 8
66794	arginine metabolism	50	12 of 24
66794	butanoate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	lipid metabolism	45.16	14 of 31
66794	tyrosine metabolism	42.86	6 of 14
66794	mevalonate metabolism	42.86	3 of 7
66794	propanol degradation	42.86	3 of 7
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	42.86	3 of 7
66794	propionate fermentation	40	4 of 10
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	glycine metabolism	40	4 of 10
66794	cellulose degradation	40	2 of 5
66794	sulfate reduction	38.46	5 of 13
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	38.46	5 of 13
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	37.5	3 of 8
66794	d-xylose degradation	36.36	4 of 11
66794	carotenoid biosynthesis	36.36	8 of 22
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	enterobactin biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	octane oxidation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	nitrate assimilation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	benzoyl-CoA degradation	28.57	2 of 7
66794	degradation of sugar acids	28	7 of 25
66794	chlorophyll metabolism	27.78	5 of 18
66794	ascorbate metabolism	27.27	6 of 22
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	26.47	9 of 34
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	25	4 of 16
66794	glutathione metabolism	21.43	3 of 14
66794	heme metabolism	21.43	3 of 14

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Terrestrial	#Mud (Sludge)
#Environmental	#Aquatic	#Sediment
#Condition	#Alkaline	-
#Condition	#Saline	-

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
5589	mud sediment of an alkaline, hypersaline, meromictic soda lake	northern California, Mono Lake	USA	USA	North America

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence AF373921 (>99% sequence identity) for Alkalispirochaeta from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	304
Soil Samples	26
Animal Samples	52
Plant Samples
Total Samples	382

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
5589	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	IMG-taxon 2706795025 annotated assembly for Alkalispirochaeta americana ASpG1	scaffold	GCA_900156105	159291.7	2706795025	159291	64.63

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
5589	Spirochaeta americana ASpG1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF373921	1467		159291

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Alkalispirochaeta americana ASpG1
NCBI: GCA_900156105

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	94.70	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	52.80	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	93.40	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	anaerobe	99.00	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Alkalispirochaeta americana ASpG1
NCBI: GCA_900156105.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	88.05	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	yes	77.27	yes
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	86.64	yes
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	79.51	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	80.40	yes
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	56.95	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	A selective antibiotic for Lyme disease.	Leimer N, Wu X, Imai Y, Morrissette M, Pitt N, Favre-Godal Q, Iinishi A, Jain S, Caboni M, Leus IV, Bonifay V, Niles S, Bargabos R, Ghiglieri M, Corsetti R, Krumpoch M, Fox G, Son S, Klepacki D, Polikanov YS, Freliech CA, McCarthy JE, Edmondson DG, Norris SJ, D'Onofrio A, Hu LT, Zgurskaya HI, Lewis K.	Cell	10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.011	2021
Phylogeny	Alkalispirochaeta cellulosivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a cellulose-hydrolysing, alkaliphilic, halotolerant bacterium isolated from the gut of a wood-eating cockroach (Cryptocercus punctulatus), and reclassification of four species of Spirochaeta as new combinations within Alkalispirochaeta gen. nov.	Sravanthi T, Tushar L, Sasikala C, Ramana CV	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.000865	2015
Phylogeny	Spirochaeta odontotermitis sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic, cellulolytic, halotolerant, alkaliphilic spirochaete isolated from the termite Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) gut.	Sravanthi T, Tushar L, Sasikala C, Ramana CV	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.000616	2015
Phylogeny	Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens sp. nov., a halo-alkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic spirochaete isolated from soda lake Lonar.	Vishnuvardhan Reddy S, Aspana S, Tushar DL, Sasikala C, Ramana CV	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.046292-0	2012
Phylogeny	Spirochaeta americana sp. nov., a new haloalkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic spirochaete isolated from soda Mono Lake in California.	Hoover RB, Pikuta EV, Bej AK, Marsic D, Whitman WB, Tang J, Krader P	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.02535-0	2003

References

#5589	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 14872
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Alkalispirochaeta americana (DSM 14872, ATCC BAA-392, ASpG1)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

Spore formation

Pathway annotation

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Isolation

Taxonmaps

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_900156105

16S sequences

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

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