Clostridium botulinum CCUG 7968 is a prokaryote that was isolated from Probably derived from NCTC 4587 .
genome sequence 16S sequence
SI-ID 52858
| @ref 20215 |
Last LPSN update
2026-02-09 11:34:03 |
| Domain Bacteria |
| Phylum Bacillota |
| Class Clostridia |
| Order Eubacteriales |
| Family Clostridiaceae |
| Genus Clostridium |
| Species Clostridium botulinum |
| Full scientific name Clostridium botulinum (van Ermengem 1896) Bergey et al. 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) |
| Synonyms (1) |
| @ref | Oxygen tolerance | Confidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 125439 | anaerobe | 97.3 |
| @ref | Chebi-ID | Metabolite | Utilization activity | Kind of utilization tested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68380 | 29016 ChEBI | arginine | + | hydrolysis | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 16024 ChEBI | D-mannose | - | fermentation | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 29985 ChEBI | L-glutamate | - | degradation | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 17632 ChEBI | nitrate | - | reduction | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 16634 ChEBI | raffinose | - | fermentation | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 27897 ChEBI | tryptophan | - | energy source | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | 16199 ChEBI | urea | - | hydrolysis | from API rID32A |
| @ref | Chebi-ID | Metabolite | Production | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68380 | 35581 ChEBI | indole | from API rID32A |
| @ref | Chebi-ID | Metabolite | Indole test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68380 | 35581 ChEBI | indole | - | from API rID32A |
| @ref | Value | Activity | Ec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 68382 | acid phosphatase | - | 3.1.3.2 | from API zym |
| 68380 | alanine arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.2 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | alkaline phosphatase | - | 3.1.3.1 | from API zym |
| 68380 | alkaline phosphatase | - | 3.1.3.1 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | alpha-arabinosidase | - | 3.2.1.55 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | alpha-chymotrypsin | - | 3.4.21.1 | from API zym |
| 68382 | alpha-fucosidase | - | 3.2.1.51 | from API zym |
| 68380 | alpha-fucosidase | - | 3.2.1.51 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | alpha-galactosidase | - | 3.2.1.22 | from API zym |
| 68380 | alpha-galactosidase | - | 3.2.1.22 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | alpha-glucosidase | - | 3.2.1.20 | from API zym |
| 68380 | alpha-glucosidase | - | 3.2.1.20 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | alpha-mannosidase | - | 3.2.1.24 | from API zym |
| 68380 | arginine dihydrolase | + | 3.5.3.6 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | beta-galactosidase | - | 3.2.1.23 | from API zym |
| 68380 | beta-galactosidase | - | 3.2.1.23 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | beta-Galactosidase 6-phosphate | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68382 | beta-glucosidase | - | 3.2.1.21 | from API zym |
| 68380 | beta-glucosidase | - | 3.2.1.21 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | beta-glucuronidase | - | 3.2.1.31 | from API zym |
| 68380 | beta-glucuronidase | - | 3.2.1.31 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | cystine arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.3 | from API zym |
| 68382 | esterase (C 4) | + | from API zym | |
| 68382 | esterase lipase (C 8) | + | from API zym | |
| 68380 | glutamate decarboxylase | - | 4.1.1.15 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | glutamyl-glutamate arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68380 | glycin arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68380 | histidine arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68380 | L-arginine arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68382 | leucine arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.1 | from API zym |
| 68380 | leucine arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.1 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | leucyl glycin arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.1 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | lipase (C 14) | - | from API zym | |
| 68382 | N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase | - | 3.2.1.52 | from API zym |
| 68380 | N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase | - | 3.2.1.52 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase | - | from API zym | |
| 68380 | phenylalanine arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68380 | proline-arylamidase | - | 3.4.11.5 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | pyrrolidonyl arylamidase | - | 3.4.19.3 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | serine arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68382 | trypsin | + | 3.4.21.4 | from API zym |
| 68380 | tryptophan deaminase | - | 4.1.99.1 | from API rID32A |
| 68380 | tyrosine arylamidase | - | from API rID32A | |
| 68380 | urease | - | 3.5.1.5 | from API rID32A |
| 68382 | valine arylamidase | - | from API zym |
| @ref | Description | Assembly level | INSDC accession | BV-BRC accession | IMG accession | NCBI tax ID | Score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 66792 | ASM1702v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum A str. ATCC 19397 | complete | GCA_000017025   | 441770.6  | 640753017  | 441770 | 99.3 | |
| 124043 | ASM1101745v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum NCTC 7272 (4) | contig | GCA_011017455 | 1491 | 42.8 | | ||
| 124043 | ASM1101754v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum NCTC 7272 (3) | contig | GCA_011017545 | 1491 | 37.6 | | ||
| 124043 | ASM1101758v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum NCTC 7272 (2) | contig | GCA_011017585 | 1491 | 34 | | ||
| 66792 | ASM1759017v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum CCUG 7968 | contig | GCA_017590175 | 1491.1881 | 1491 | 26.47 | | |
| 124043 | ASM1101434v1 assembly for Clostridium botulinum NCTC 7272 | contig | GCA_011014345 | 1491 | 24.2 | |
| Topic | Title | Authors | Journal | DOI | Year | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pentaplexed quantitative real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and quantification of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in food and clinical samples. | Kirchner S, Kramer KM, Schulze M, Pauly D, Jacob D, Gessler F, Nitsche A, Dorner BG, Dorner MB. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.02490-09 | 2010 | | |
| Pathogenicity | Opportunistic Features of Non-Clostridium botulinum Strains Containing bont Gene Cluster. | Grenda T, Grenda A, Jakubczyk A, Rybczynska-Tkaczyk K. | Pathogens | 10.3390/pathogens13090780 | 2024 | |
| SpoIVA is an essential morphogenetic protein for the formation of heat- and lysozyme-resistant spores in Clostridium sporogenes NBRC 14293. | Kuwana R, Dupuy B, Martin-Verstraete I, Takamatsu H. | Front Microbiol | 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1338751 | 2024 | | |
| Sporulation Strategies and Potential Role of the Exosporium in Survival and Persistence of Clostridium botulinum. | Portinha IM, Douillard FP, Korkeala H, Lindstrom M. | Int J Mol Sci | 10.3390/ijms23020754 | 2022 | | |
| Harmful algal bloom species Microcystis aeruginosa releases thiamin antivitamins to suppress competitors. | Yazdani M, Suffridge CP, Liu F, Costello CM, Zhou Z, St John G, Bhawal R, Zhang S, Coates GW, Wu M, Ahner BA. | mBio | 10.1128/mbio.01608-25 | 2025 | | |
| New approach to generating of human monoclonal antibodies specific to the proteolytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin A. | Silkina MV, Kartseva AS, Riabko AK, Makarova MA, Rogozin MM, Romanenko YO, Shemyakin IG, Dyatlov IA, Firstova VV. | Bioimpacts | 10.34172/bi.2023.27680 | 2024 | | |
| Immunoproteomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum type B secretome for identification of immunogenic proteins against botulism. | Sharma A, Ponmariappan S, Rani S, Alam SI, Shukla S. | Biotechnol Lett | 10.1007/s10529-021-03091-4 | 2021 | | |
| Physical Treatments to Control Clostridium botulinum Hazards in Food. | Munir MT, Mtimet N, Guillier L, Meurens F, Fravalo P, Federighi M, Kooh P. | Foods | 10.3390/foods12081580 | 2023 | | |
| The Restriction-Modification Systems of Clostridium carboxidivorans P7. | Kottenhahn P, Philipps G, Bunk B, Sproer C, Jennewein S. | Microorganisms | 10.3390/microorganisms11122962 | 2023 | | |
| Metabolism | Proteomic analysis of four Clostridium botulinum strains identifies proteins that link biological responses to proteomic signatures. | Deatherage Kaiser BL, Hill KK, Smith TJ, Williamson CHD, Keim P, Sahl JW, Wahl KL. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0205586 | 2018 | |
| Genetics | Closing Clostridium botulinum Group I Genomes Using a Combination of Short- and Long-Reads. | Gonzalez-Escalona N, Sharma SK. | Front Microbiol | 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00239 | 2020 | |
| Genetics | Diversity of the Genomes and Neurotoxins of Strains of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Clostridium sporogenes Associated with Foodborne, Infant and Wound Botulism. | Brunt J, van Vliet AHM, Carter AT, Stringer SC, Amar C, Grant KA, Godbole G, Peck MW. | Toxins (Basel) | 10.3390/toxins12090586 | 2020 | |
| Metabolism | An Integrative Approach to Computational Modelling of the Gene Regulatory Network Controlling Clostridium botulinum Type A1 Toxin Production. | Ihekwaba AE, Mura I, Walshaw J, Peck MW, Barker GC. | PLoS Comput Biol | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005205 | 2016 | |
| Study on Potential Clostridium Botulinum Growth and Toxin Production in Parma Ham. | Merialdi G, Ramini M, Parolari G, Barbuti S, Frustoli MA, Taddei R, Pongolini S, Ardigo P, Cozzolino P. | Ital J Food Saf | 10.4081/ijfs.2016.5564 | 2016 | | |
| Metabolism | The fur transcription regulator and fur-regulated genes in Clostridium botulinum A ATCC 3502. | Zhang W, Ma J, Zang C, Song Y, Liu P. | J Biomed Biotechnol | 10.1155/2011/934756 | 2011 | |
| Genetic Characterization of the Exceptionally High Heat Resistance of the Non-toxic Surrogate Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679. | Butler RR, Schill KM, Wang Y, Pombert JF. | Front Microbiol | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00545 | 2017 | | |
| Enzymology | Genetic characterization and comparison of Clostridium botulinum isolates from botulism cases in Japan between 2006 and 2011. | Kenri T, Sekizuka T, Yamamoto A, Iwaki M, Komiya T, Hatakeyama T, Nakajima H, Takahashi M, Kuroda M, Shibayama K. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.02134-14 | 2014 | |
| Phylogeny | Clostridium botulinum group I strain genotyping by 15-locus multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis. | Fillo S, Giordani F, Anniballi F, Gorge O, Ramisse V, Vergnaud G, Riehm JM, Scholz HC, Splettstoesser WD, Kieboom J, Olsen JS, Fenicia L, Lista F. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.05396-11 | 2011 | |
| Enzymology | Identification and genetic characterization of Clostridium botulinum serotype A strains from commercially pasteurized carrot juice. | Marshall KM, Nowaczyk L, Raphael BH, Skinner GE, Rukma Reddy N. | Food Microbiol | 10.1016/j.fm.2014.05.009 | 2014 | |
| Phylogeny | The Use of Next-Generation Sequencing in the Identification of a Fastidious Pathogen: A Lesson From a Clinical Setup. | Saeb AT, Abouelhoda M, Selvaraju M, Althawadi SI, Mutabagani M, Adil M, Al Hokail A, Tayeb HT. | Evol Bioinform Online | 10.1177/1176934316686072 | 2017 | |
| Detection of Active BoNT/C and D by EndoPep-MS Using MALDI Biotyper Instrument and Comparison with the Mouse Test Bioassay. | Drigo I, Tonon E, Pascoletti S, Anniballi F, Kalb SR, Bano L. | Toxins (Basel) | 10.3390/toxins13010010 | 2020 | | |
| Phylogeny | Whole-genome single-nucleotide-polymorphism analysis for discrimination of Clostridium botulinum group I strains. | Gonzalez-Escalona N, Timme R, Raphael BH, Zink D, Sharma SK. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.03934-13 | 2014 | |
| Reconstruction of the evolution of microbial defense systems. | Puigbo P, Makarova KS, Kristensen DM, Wolf YI, Koonin EV. | BMC Evol Biol | 10.1186/s12862-017-0942-y | 2017 | | |
| Metabolism | Clostridium botulinum strains producing BoNT/F4 or BoNT/F5. | Raphael BH, Bradshaw M, Kalb SR, Joseph LA, Luquez C, Barr JR, Johnson EA, Maslanka SE. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.00284-14 | 2014 | |
| Phylogeny | Diversity of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum strains, determined by a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis approach. | Nevas M, Lindstrom M, Hielm S, Bjorkroth KJ, Peck MW, Korkeala H. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.71.3.1311-1317.2005 | 2005 | |
| Biotechnology | Multiplex PCR for detection of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in clinical, food, and environmental samples. | De Medici D, Anniballi F, Wyatt GM, Lindstrom M, Messelhausser U, Aldus CF, Delibato E, Korkeala H, Peck MW, Fenicia L. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.00805-09 | 2009 | |
| Exploring genomic diversity in Clostridium botulinum using DNA microarrays. | Raphael BH. | Botulinum J | 10.1504/tbj.2012.050195 | 2012 | | |
| Metabolism | An Amino Acid Substitution in RNA Polymerase That Inhibits the Utilization of an Alternative Sigma Factor. | Wang Erickson AF, Deighan P, Garcia CP, Weinzierl ROJ, Hochschild A, Losick R. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.00277-17 | 2017 | |
| Metabolism | Genome mining for ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) in anaerobic bacteria. | Letzel AC, Pidot SJ, Hertweck C. | BMC Genomics | 10.1186/1471-2164-15-983 | 2014 | |
| Enzymology | Structure of a Clostridium botulinum C143S thiaminase I/thiamin complex reveals active site architecture . | Sikowitz MD, Shome B, Zhang Y, Begley TP, Ealick SE. | Biochemistry | 10.1021/bi400841g | 2013 | |
| Metabolism | The gene CBO0515 from Clostridium botulinum strain Hall A encodes the rare enzyme N5-(carboxyethyl) ornithine synthase, EC 1.5.1.24. | Thompson J, Hill KK, Smith TJ, Pikis A. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.01044-09 | 2010 | |
| Analysis of the neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum A1-A4 and B1 strains: BoNT/A3, /Ba4 and /B1 clusters are located within plasmids. | Smith TJ, Hill KK, Foley BT, Detter JC, Munk AC, Bruce DC, Doggett NA, Smith LA, Marks JD, Xie G, Brettin TS. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0001271 | 2007 | | |
| Regulation of neurotoxin production and sporulation by a Putative agrBD signaling system in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum. | Cooksley CM, Davis IJ, Winzer K, Chan WC, Peck MW, Minton NP. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.03038-09 | 2010 | | |
| Unique Evolution of Symbiobacterium thermophilum Suggested from Gene Content and Orthologous Protein Sequence Comparisons. | Oshima K, Ueda K, Beppu T, Nishida H. | Int J Evol Biol | 10.4061/2011/376831 | 2010 | | |
| Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains. | Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ, Munk AC, Bruce D, Smith LA, Brettin TS, Detter JC. | BMC Biol | 10.1186/1741-7007-7-66 | 2009 | | |
| Phylogeny | Differentiation of Clostridium botulinum serotype A strains by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis. | Macdonald TE, Helma CH, Ticknor LO, Jackson PJ, Okinaka RT, Smith LA, Smith TJ, Hill KK. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.01539-07 | 2008 | |
| Enzymology | SYBR green real-time PCR method to detect Clostridium botulinum type A. | Fenicia L, Anniballi F, De Medici D, Delibato E, Aureli P. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.02234-06 | 2007 | |
| Genetics | Comparative Genomics of Mycoplasma bovis Strains Reveals That Decreased Virulence with Increasing Passages Might Correlate with Potential Virulence-Related Factors. | Rasheed MA, Qi J, Zhu X, Chenfei H, Menghwar H, Khan FA, Zhao G, Zubair M, Hu C, Chen Y, Chen H, Guo A. | Front Cell Infect Microbiol | 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00177 | 2017 | |
| Metabolism | Thiaminase I Provides a Growth Advantage by Salvaging Precursors from Environmental Thiamine and Its Analogs in Burkholderia thailandensis. | Sannino DR, Kraft CE, Edwards KA, Angert ER. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.01268-18 | 2018 | |
| Gene conservation among endospore-forming bacteria reveals additional sporulation genes in Bacillus subtilis. | Traag BA, Pugliese A, Eisen JA, Losick R. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.01778-12 | 2013 | | |
| Metabolism | Isolation and functional characterization of the novel Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A8 subtype. | Kull S, Schulz KM, Weisemann J, Kirchner S, Schreiber T, Bollenbach A, Dabrowski PW, Nitsche A, Kalb SR, Dorner MB, Barr JR, Rummel A, Dorner BG. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0116381 | 2015 | |
| Small RNAs in the genus Clostridium. | Chen Y, Indurthi DC, Jones SW, Papoutsakis ET. | mBio | 10.1128/mbio.00340-10 | 2011 | | |
| Genomic sequences of six botulinum neurotoxin-producing strains representing three clostridial species illustrate the mobility and diversity of botulinum neurotoxin genes. | Smith TJ, Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Williamson CHD, Foster JT, Johnson SL, Chertkov O, Teshima H, Gibbons HS, Johnsky LA, Karavis MA, Smith LA. | Infect Genet Evol | 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.12.002 | 2015 | | |
| Insights into the evolutionary origins of clostridial neurotoxins from analysis of the Clostridium botulinum strain A neurotoxin gene cluster. | Doxey AC, Lynch MD, Muller KM, Meiering EM, McConkey BJ. | BMC Evol Biol | 10.1186/1471-2148-8-316 | 2008 | | |
| Independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum. | Carter AT, Paul CJ, Mason DR, Twine SM, Alston MJ, Logan SM, Austin JW, Peck MW. | BMC Genomics | 10.1186/1471-2164-10-115 | 2009 | | |
| Microbial community structure in a biogas digester utilizing the marine energy crop Saccharina latissima. | Pope PB, Vivekanand V, Eijsink VG, Horn SJ. | 3 Biotech | 10.1007/s13205-012-0097-x | 2013 | | |
| Metabolism | The Ger receptor family from sporulating bacteria. | Ross C, Abel-Santos E. | Curr Issues Mol Biol | 10.21775/cimb.012.147 | 2010 | |
| Phylogeny | Multiplex PCR assay for detection and identification of Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, and F in food and fecal material. | Lindstrom M, Keto R, Markkula A, Nevas M, Hielm S, Korkeala H. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.67.12.5694-5699.2001 | 2001 | |
| Top-down proteomic identification of furin-cleaved alpha-subunit of Shiga toxin 2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 using MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS. | Fagerquist CK, Sultan O. | J Biomed Biotechnol | 10.1155/2010/123460 | 2010 | | |
| Identification of Novel Raft Marker Protein, FlotP in Bacillus anthracis. | Somani VK, Aggarwal S, Singh D, Prasad T, Bhatnagar R. | Front Microbiol | 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00169 | 2016 | | |
| Horizontal gene transfer of zinc and non-zinc forms of bacterial ribosomal protein S4. | Chen K, Roberts E, Luthey-Schulten Z. | BMC Evol Biol | 10.1186/1471-2148-9-179 | 2009 | | |
| Enzymology | First case of type E wound botulism diagnosed using real-time PCR. | Artin I, Bjorkman P, Cronqvist J, Radstrom P, Holst E. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.01192-07 | 2007 | |
| Enzymology | Reversal of the substrate specificity of CMP N-glycosidase to dCMP. | Sikowitz MD, Cooper LE, Begley TP, Kaminski PA, Ealick SE. | Biochemistry | 10.1021/bi400316p | 2013 | |
| Phylogeny | Development of a combined selection and enrichment PCR procedure for Clostridium botulinum Types B, E, and F and its use to determine prevalence in fecal samples from slaughtered pigs. | Dahlenborg M, Borch E, Radstrom P. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.67.10.4781-4788.2001 | 2001 | |
| Genome Wide Analysis for Searching Novel Markers to Rapidly Identify Clostridium Strains. | Kekre A, Bhushan A, Kumar P, Kalia VC. | Indian J Microbiol | 10.1007/s12088-015-0535-7 | 2015 | | |
| Genetics | Dark matter in a deep-sea vent and in human mouth. | Galperin MY. | Environ Microbiol | 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01434.x | 2007 | |
| Metabolism | Mesophilic and thermophilic conditions select for unique but highly parallel microbial communities to perform carboxylate platform biomass conversion. | Hollister EB, Forrest AK, Wilkinson HH, Ebbole DJ, Tringe SG, Malfatti SA, Holtzapple MT, Gentry TJ. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0039689 | 2012 | |
| Biotechnology | Effects of irradiation on growth and toxigenicity of Clostridium botulinum types A and B inoculated onto chicken skins. | Dezfulian M, Bartlett JG. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.53.1.201-203.1987 | 1987 | |
| Regulation of bacterial virulence by Csr (Rsm) systems. | Vakulskas CA, Potts AH, Babitzke P, Ahmer BM, Romeo T. | Microbiol Mol Biol Rev | 10.1128/mmbr.00052-14 | 2015 | | |
| Pathogenicity | Inactivation of clostridial ferredoxin and pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase by sodium nitrite. | Carpenter CE, Reddy DS, Cornforth DP. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.53.3.549-552.1987 | 1987 | |
| Metabolism | The Escherichia coli phosphotyrosine proteome relates to core pathways and virulence. | Hansen AM, Chaerkady R, Sharma J, Diaz-Mejia JJ, Tyagi N, Renuse S, Jacob HK, Pinto SM, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Kim MS, Delanghe B, Srinivasan N, Emili A, Kaper JB, Pandey A. | PLoS Pathog | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003403 | 2013 | |
| A score of the ability of a three-dimensional protein model to retrieve its own sequence as a quantitative measure of its quality and appropriateness. | Martinez-Castilla LP, Rodriguez-Sotres R. | PLoS One | 10.1371/journal.pone.0012483 | 2010 | | |
| Enzymology | F1F0-ATP synthases of alkaliphilic bacteria: lessons from their adaptations. | Hicks DB, Liu J, Fujisawa M, Krulwich TA. | Biochim Biophys Acta | 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.02.028 | 2010 | |
| Phylogeny | Clear distinction between Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei using fluorescent motB primers. | Schmoock G, Elschner M, Sprague LD. | Acta Vet Scand | 10.1186/s13028-015-0104-4 | 2015 | |
| Biotechnology | Erythrophore cell response to food-associated pathogenic bacteria: implications for detection. | Hutchison JR, Dukovcic SR, Dierksen KP, Carlyle CA, Caldwell BA, Trempy JE. | Microb Biotechnol | 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2008.00045.x | 2008 | |
| Metabolism | Potential of the melanophore pigment response for detection of bacterial toxicity. | Dukovcic SR, Hutchison JR, Trempy JE. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.01241-10 | 2010 | |
| Coherent pipeline for biomarker discovery using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. | Al-Shahib A, Misra R, Ahmod N, Fang M, Shah H, Gharbia S. | BMC Bioinformatics | 10.1186/1471-2105-11-437 | 2010 | | |
| Enzymology | Sensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D with an immunoaffinity chromatographic column test. | Gessler F, Hampe K, Bohnel H. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.71.12.7897-7903.2005 | 2005 | |
| Phylogeny | Enumeration and isolation of cpe-positive Clostridium perfringens spores from feces. | Heikinheimo A, Lindstrom M, Korkeala H. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.42.9.3992-3997.2004 | 2004 | |
| Gene probes for identification of the botulinal neurotoxin gene and specific identification of neurotoxin types B, E, and F. | Campbell KD, Collins MD, East AK. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.31.9.2255-2262.1993 | 1993 | | |
| Enzymology | Detection by PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of Clostridium botulinum in fish and environmental samples from a coastal area in northern France. | Fach P, Perelle S, Dilasser F, Grout J, Dargaignaratz C, Botella L, Gourreau JM, Carlin F, Popoff MR, Broussolle V. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.68.12.5870-5876.2002 | 2002 | |
| Metabolism | The production of Clostridium botulinum type A, B and D toxin in rotting carcasses. | Ortiz NE, Smith GR. | Epidemiol Infect | 10.1017/s0950268800051761 | 1994 | |
| Analysis of operons encoding 23S rRNA of Clostridium botulinum type A. | East AK, Thompson DE, Collins MD. | J Bacteriol | 10.1128/jb.174.24.8158-8162.1992 | 1992 | | |
| Enzymology | Isolation of Clostridium botulinum type G from Swiss soil specimens by using sequential steps in an identification scheme. | Sonnabend WF, Sonnabend UP, Krech T. | Appl Environ Microbiol | 10.1128/aem.53.8.1880-1884.1987 | 1987 | |
| Enzymology | Microbial identification by mass cataloging. | Zhang Z, Jackson GW, Fox GE, Willson RC. | BMC Bioinformatics | 10.1186/1471-2105-7-117 | 2006 | |
| Development of novel assays for botulinum type A and B neurotoxins based on their endopeptidase activities. | Hallis B, James BA, Shone CC. | J Clin Microbiol | 10.1128/jcm.34.8.1934-1938.1996 | 1996 | | |
| Pathogenicity | The pattern of growth observed for Clostridium botulinum type A1 strain ATCC 19397 is influenced by nutritional status and quorum sensing: a modelling perspective. | Ihekwaba AE, Mura I, Peck MW, Barker GC | Pathog Dis | 10.1093/femspd/ftv084 | 2015 | |
| Phylogeny | Insights into the Origin of Clostridium botulinum Strains: Evolution of Distinct Restriction Endonuclease Sites in rrs (16S rRNA gene). | Bhushan A, Mukherjee T, Joshi J, Shankar P, Kalia VC | Indian J Microbiol | 10.1007/s12088-015-0514-z | 2015 | |
| Metabolism | Biosynthesis of a thiamin antivitamin in Clostridium botulinum. | Cooper LE, O'Leary SE, Begley TP | Biochemistry | 10.1021/bi500281a | 2014 | |
| Phylogeny | Comparison of assembled Clostridium botulinum A1 genomes revealed their evolutionary relationship. | Ng V, Lin WJ | Genomics | 10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.12.003 | 2013 | |
| Genetics | Analysis of genomic differences among Clostridium botulinum type A1 strains. | Fang PK, Raphael BH, Maslanka SE, Cai S, Singh BR | BMC Genomics | 10.1186/1471-2164-11-725 | 2010 | |
| Pathogenicity | Genes that encode botulism neurotoxins A, B, E and F in neotropical bee honey identified with the polymerase chain reaction. | Fournier AT, Gamboa Mdel M, Arias ML | Rev Biol Trop | 10.15517/rbt.v54i1.13984 | 2006 | |
How to citeIf you want to cite this particular strain cite the following doi:
https://doi.org/10.13145/bacdive141865.20251217.10
When using BacDive for research please cite the following paper
BacDive in 2025: the core database for prokaryotic strain data
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