Rubrobacter radiotolerans (DSM 5868, ATCC 51242, DSM 46359)

Name: Rubrobacter radiotolerans (DSM 5868, ATCC 51242, DSM 46359)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 14035

Type strain

Strain Designation P-1

Culture col. no. DSM 5868 ATCC 51242 DSM 46359 IAM 12072 JCM 2153 8 more

NCBI tax ID(s) 643560 42256

Special Collections DSMZ JCM CIP Literature strains

History <- JCM; JCM 2153 <- IAM; IAM 12072 <- T. Yoshinaka; P-1 IAM 12072 <-- T. Yoshinaka et al. P-1. CIP <- 2001, JCM <- IAM <- Yoshinaka: strain P-1

Links

Rubrobacter radiotolerans P-1 is an aerobe, mesophilic, Gram-positive prokaryote of the family Rubrobacteraceae.

Gram-positive aerobe mesophilic genome sequence 16S sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 46143

ATCC 51242,JCM 2153,DSM 5868,IAM12072,IFO 14777,NCIMB 12766,CIP 106991,DSM 46359,IMET 11468,VKM Ac-1989,NBRC 14777,BCRC 17324,CCRC 17324

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:21:18

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Actinomycetota

Class Rubrobacteria

Order Rubrobacterales

Family Rubrobacteraceae

Genus Rubrobacter

Species Rubrobacter radiotolerans

Full scientific name Rubrobacter radiotolerans (Yoshinaka et al. 1973) Suzuki et al. 1989

Synonyms (1)

Arthrobacter radiotolerans

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Cell shape	Motility	Gram stain
43368			positive
122128	rod-shaped

Colony morphology

@ref	Colony color	Medium used
43368	bright pink	Thermus medium
122128

Multimedia

@ref:	66793
multimedia content:	EM_DSM_5868_1.jpg
multimedia.multimedia content:	EM_DSM_5868_1.jpg
caption:	electron microscopic image
intellectual property rights:	© HZI/Manfred Rohde
manual_annotation:	1

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Medium link	Composition
2342	TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535)	Medium recipe at MediaDive	Name: TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535) Composition: Trypticase soy broth 30.0 g/l Agar 15.0 g/l Distilled water
33032	MEDIUM 72- for trypto casein soja agar		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Trypto casein soy agar (40.000 g)
43368	Thermus medium
122128	CIP Medium 72	Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
2342	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
33032	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
43368	positive	optimum	45-50	thermophilic
67770	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
122128	positive	growth	25-45
122128	negative	growth	10
122128	negative	growth	15

Physiology and metabolism

Oxygen tolerance

@ref	Oxygen tolerance
43368	aerobe
122128	facultative anaerobe

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
43368	NaCl	positive	growth	6 %
122128	NaCl	positive	growth	0-10 %

Observation

67770

Observationquinones: MK-8

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
43368	91122 ChEBI	4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	degradation
43368	90259 ChEBI	4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside	-	degradation
68371	27613 ChEBI	amygdalin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	+	degradation
68371	18305 ChEBI	arbutin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368		casein	-	degradation
43368	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	+	growth
68371	17057 ChEBI	cellobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	62968 ChEBI	cellulose	-	degradation
43368	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	assimilation
122128	16947 ChEBI	citrate	-	carbon source
68371	17108 ChEBI	D-arabinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18333 ChEBI	D-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	growth
68371	15824 ChEBI	D-fructose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28847 ChEBI	D-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	-	carbon source
68371	12936 ChEBI	D-galactose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	growth
68371	17634 ChEBI	D-glucose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	62318 ChEBI	D-lyxose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	-	carbon source
43368	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	carbon source
68371	16899 ChEBI	D-mannitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	growth
68371	16024 ChEBI	D-mannose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16988 ChEBI	D-ribose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	-	assimilation
68371	17924 ChEBI	D-sorbitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	16443 ChEBI	D-tagatose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	16551 ChEBI	D-trehalose	+	growth
43368	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	-	carbon source
68371	65327 ChEBI	D-xylose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	4767 ChEBI	elastin	-	degradation
43368	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	+	growth
68371	17113 ChEBI	erythritol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	4853 ChEBI	esculin	+	degradation
122128	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	hydrolysis
68371	4853 ChEBI	esculin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	5054 ChEBI	fibrin	-	degradation
43368	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	-	carbon source
68371	16813 ChEBI	galactitol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	5291 ChEBI	gelatin	+	degradation
68371	28066 ChEBI	gentiobiose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	+	carbon source
68371	17754 ChEBI	glycerol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	28087 ChEBI	glycogen	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	+	degradation
122128	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	+	hydrolysis
68371	15443 ChEBI	inulin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	growth
68371	30849 ChEBI	L-arabinose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	18403 ChEBI	L-arabitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17196 ChEBI	L-asparagine	+	growth
68371	18287 ChEBI	L-fucose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	29985 ChEBI	L-glutamate	+	growth
43368	17203 ChEBI	L-proline	+	growth
43368	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	+	growth
68371	62345 ChEBI	L-rhamnose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17115 ChEBI	L-serine	-	assimilation
68371	17266 ChEBI	L-sorbose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	65328 ChEBI	L-xylose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17716 ChEBI	lactose	+	growth
68371	17716 ChEBI	lactose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	25115 ChEBI	malate	+	growth
68371	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	6731 ChEBI	melezitose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	-	carbon source
68371	28053 ChEBI	melibiose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	320061 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	43943 ChEBI	methyl alpha-D-mannoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	74863 ChEBI	methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	17268 ChEBI	myo-inositol	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	59640 ChEBI	N-acetylglucosamine	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
122128	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	reduction
122128	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	+	respiration
122128	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction
43368		olive oil	-	degradation
43368	85645 ChEBI	p-nitrophenyl palmitate	-	degradation
68371		Potassium 2-ketogluconate	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371		Potassium 5-ketogluconate	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	15361 ChEBI	pyruvate	+	growth
43368	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	+	growth
68371	16634 ChEBI	raffinose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	+	carbon source
68371	15963 ChEBI	ribitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17814 ChEBI	salicin	+	growth
68371	17814 ChEBI	salicin	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	degradation
68371	28017 ChEBI	starch	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	growth
68371	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	27082 ChEBI	trehalose	+	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
68371	32528 ChEBI	turanose	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid
43368	53426 ChEBI	tween 80	-	degradation
43368	18186 ChEBI	tyrosine	-	degradation
43368	37166 ChEBI	xylan	-	degradation
68371	17151 ChEBI	xylitol	-	builds acid from	from API 50CH acid

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
122128	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
122128	35581 ChEBI	indole

Metabolite tests

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Voges-proskauer-test	Methylred-test
122128	15688 ChEBI	acetoin	+
122128	17234 ChEBI	glucose		+

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	-	3.1.3.2	from API zym
122128	alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
68382	alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
43368	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
122128	amylase	-
43368	beta-galactosidase	+	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
122128	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
122128	caseinase	-	3.4.21.50
43368	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
122128	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
43368	cytochrome oxidase	+	1.9.3.1
43368	DNase	-
122128	DNase	-
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
122128	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
122128	gelatinase	-
122128	lecithinase	+
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API zym
122128	lipase	+
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
122128	lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
122128	ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
122128	oxidase	-
122128	phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
122128	tryptophan deaminase	-
122128	tween esterase	+
122128	urease	-	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
122128	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API 50CHac

@ref	ControlQ	GLY	ERY	DARA	LARA	RIB	DXYL	LXYL	ADO	MDX	GAL	GLU	FRU	MNE	SBE	RHA	DUL	INO	MAN	SOR	MDM	MDG	NAG	AMY	ARB	ESC	SAL	CEL	MAL	LAC	MEL	SAC	TRE	INU	MLZ	RAF	AMD	GLYG	XLT	GEN	TUR	LYX	TAG	DFUC	LFUC	DARL	LARL	GNT	2KG	5KG
122128	not determinedn.d.	+	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	+

API biotype100

@ref	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
122128	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Environmental	#Aquatic	#Thermal spring

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
33032		Tottori	Japan	JPN	Asia
2342	Thermo-mineral water spring	Misasa, Tottori Pref.	Japan	JPN	Asia
67770	Thermo-mineral water spring at Misasa	Tottori Pref.	Japan	JPN	Asia
122128	Environment, Thermo-mineral water spring	Tottori	Japan	JPN	Asia

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence X87134 (>99% sequence identity) for Rubrobacter radiotolerans subclade from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	53
Soil Samples	167
Animal Samples	57
Plant Samples	8
Total Samples	285

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
2342	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
122128	1	Risk group (French classification) According to TRBA 466

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
124043	ASM3384266v1 assembly for Rubrobacter radiotolerans ATCC 51242	contig	GCA_033842665	42256.17		42256	77.12
67770	IMG-taxon 2505679031 annotated assembly for Rubrobacter radiotolerans DSM 5868	contig	GCA_900175965	643560.4	2505679031	643560	74.67

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	NCBI tax ID
20218	Rubrobacter radiotolerans partial 16S rRNA gene, type strain DSM 5868	X98372	1480	643560
43368	R.radiotolerans 16S rRNA gene	X87134
2342	Rubrobacter radiotolerans 16S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence	U65647	1550	42256

GC content

@ref	GC-content (mol%)	Method
67770	66.5	genome sequence analysis
67770	67.9	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Rubrobacter radiotolerans DSM 5868
IMG: 2505679031

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	51.70	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	56.50	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	positive	69.10	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative anaerobe	77.50	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Effects of simulated space environmental conditions on cleanroom microbes.	Cassilly CD, Chander AM, Vaughn JA, Kunstman KJ, Green SJ, Venkateswaran K, Bertone PF, Bahr CW, Marcella SA, Morris HC.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2025.1600106	2025
	Bioinformatics-Structural Approach to the Search for New D-Amino Acid Oxidases.	Atroshenko DL, Golovina DI, Sergeev EP, Shelomov MD, Elcheninov AG, Kublanov IV, Chubar TA, Pometun AA, Savin SS, Tishkov VI.	Acta Naturae	10.32607/actanaturae.11812	2022
	The First Insight into Polyhydroxyalkanoates Accumulation in Multi-Extremophilic Rubrobacter xylanophilus and Rubrobacter spartanus.	Kourilova X, Schwarzerova J, Pernicova I, Sedlar K, Mrazova K, Krzyzanek V, Nebesarova J, Obruca S.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9050909	2021
	Refining and illuminating acetogenic Eubacterium strains for reclassification and metabolic engineering.	Flaiz M, Poehlein A, Wilhelm W, Mook A, Daniel R, Durre P, Bengelsdorf FR.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-024-02301-8	2024
Metabolism	Role of Mn2+ and compatible solutes in the radiation resistance of thermophilic bacteria and archaea.	Webb KM, DiRuggiero J.	Archaea	10.1155/2012/845756	2012
Metabolism	Unusual production of glutathione in Actinobacteria.	Johnson T, Newton GL, Fahey RC, Rawat M.	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-008-0423-1	2009
	A ring-like nucleoid is not necessary for radioresistance in the Deinococcaceae.	Zimmerman JM, Battista JR.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-5-17	2005
Phylogeny	Distribution and phylogenetic analysis of family 19 chitinases in Actinobacteria.	Kawase T, Saito A, Sato T, Kanai R, Fujii T, Nikaidou N, Miyashita K, Watanabe T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.70.2.1135-1144.2004	2004
	Determinants of Product Outcome in Two Sesquiterpene Synthases from the Thermotolerant Bacterium Rubrobacter radiotolerans.	Whitehead JN, Leferink NGH, Hay S, Scrutton NS.	Chembiochem	10.1002/cbic.202400672	2025
Lipids	Dominance of mixed ether/ester, intact polar membrane lipids in five species of the order Rubrobacterales: Another group of bacteria not obeying the "lipid divide".	Sinninghe Damste JS, Rijpstra WIC, Huber KJ, Albuquerque L, Egas C, Bale NJ.	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2023.126404	2023
	High-throughput sequencing reveals the structure and metabolic resilience of desert microbiome confronting climate change.	Mousa WK, Abu-Izneid T, Salah-Tantawy A.	Front Plant Sci	10.3389/fpls.2024.1294173	2024
Enzymology	Two Distinct Enzymes Have Both Phytoene Desaturase and 3,4-Desaturase Activities Involved in Carotenoid Biosynthesis by the Extremely Halophilic Archaeon Haloarcula japonica.	Yatsunami R, Ando A, Miyoko N, Yang Y, Takaichi S, Nakamura S.	Microbes Environ	10.1264/jsme2.me24004	2024
Genetics	Anthropogenic fertilization influences a shift in barley rhizosphere microbial communities.	Enagbonma BJ, Fadiji AE, Babalola OO.	PeerJ	10.7717/peerj.17303	2024
	Acquired Radioresistance Through Adaptive Evolution with Gamma Radiation as Selection Pressure: Increased Expression and Induction of Anti-Stress Genes	Saito T, Terato H.	Int J Mol Sci		2025
	Whole-Genome Sequence of the Novel Rubrobacter taiwanensis Strain Yellowstone, Isolated from Yellowstone National Park.	Freed S, Ramaley RF, Kyndt JA.	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/mra.00287-19	2019
	Soil depth and physicochemical properties influence microbial dynamics in the rhizosphere of two Peruvian superfood trees, cherimoya and lucuma, as shown by PacBio-HiFi sequencing.	Estrada R, Porras T, Romero Y, Perez WE, Vilcara EA, Cruz J, Arbizu CI.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-024-69945-9	2024
	Exploring novel bacterial terpene synthases.	Reddy GK, Leferink NGH, Umemura M, Ahmed ST, Breitling R, Scrutton NS, Takano E.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0232220	2020
Genetics	Arbitrarily Primed PCR for Comparison of Meta Genomes and Extracting Useful Loci from Them.	Burgoyne L, Koh LY, Catcheside D.	Methods Mol Biol	10.1007/978-1-4939-7060-5_18	2017
	Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory dimeric indole derivatives from the marine actinomycetes Rubrobacter radiotolerans.	Li JL, Huang L, Liu J, Song Y, Gao J, Jung JH, Liu Y, Chen G.	Fitoterapia	10.1016/j.fitote.2015.01.014	2015
Pathogenicity	Antichlamydial Dimeric Indole Derivatives from Marine Actinomycete Rubrobacter radiotolerans.	Li JL, Chen D, Huang L, Ni M, Zhao Y, Fan H, Bao X.	Planta Med	10.1055/s-0043-100382	2017
	Streptomyces uses both polar and dispersed cell wall synthesis during exploratory growth.	Zambri MP, Baglio CR, Irazoki O, Jones SE, Garner EC, Cava F, Elliot MA.	Nat Microbiol	10.1038/s41564-025-02080-x	2025
Enzymology	Characterization and radio-resistant function of manganese superoxide dismutase of Rubrobacter radiotolerans.	Terato H, Suzuki K, Nishioka N, Okamoto A, Shimazaki-Tokuyama Y, Inoue Y, Saito T.	J Radiat Res	10.1269/jrr.11105	2011
Genetics	High-quality draft genome sequence of Gaiella occulta isolated from a 150 meter deep mineral water borehole and comparison with the genome sequences of other deep-branching lineages of the phylum Actinobacteria.	Severino R, Froufe HJC, Barroso C, Albuquerque L, Lobo-da-Cunha A, da Costa MS, Egas C.	Microbiologyopen	10.1002/mbo3.840	2019
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of the Radiation-Resistant bacterium Rubrobacter radiotolerans RSPS-4.	Egas C, Barroso C, Froufe HJ, Pacheco J, Albuquerque L, da Costa MS.	Stand Genomic Sci	10.4056/sigs.5661021	2014
	Isolation and characterization of multiple-stress tolerant bacteria from radon springs.	Timkina E, Kulisova M, Palyzova A, Maresova H, Matatkova O, Rezanka T, Kolouchova IJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0299532	2024
	The microbial biodiversity at the archeological site of Tel Megiddo (Israel).	Zhang Y, Ruff SE, Oskolkov N, Tierney BT, Ryon K, Danko D, Mason CE, Elhaik E.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2023.1253371	2023
Enzymology	New genus-specific primers for PCR identification of Rubrobacter strains.	Castro JF, Nouioui I, Asenjo JA, Andrews B, Bull AT, Goodfellow M.	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek	10.1007/s10482-019-01314-3	2019
	Microorganism-Derived Molecules as Enzyme Inhibitors to Target Alzheimer's Diseases Pathways.	Nguyen TH, Wang SL, Nguyen VB.	Pharmaceuticals (Basel)	10.3390/ph16040580	2023
Phylogeny	Microbial Populations of Stony Meteorites: Substrate Controls on First Colonizers.	Tait AW, Gagen EJ, Wilson SA, Tomkins AG, Southam G.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01227	2017
	Optimization and multiple in vitro activity potentials of carotenoids from marine Kocuria sp. RAM1.	Metwally RA, El-Sersy NA, El Sikaily A, Sabry SA, Ghozlan HA.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-22897-4	2022
	Microbial diversity in endostromatolites (cf. Fissure Calcretes) and in the surrounding permafrost landscape, Haughton impact structure region, Devon Island, Canada.	Pellerin A, Lacelle D, Fortin D, Clark ID, Lauriol B.	Astrobiology	10.1089/ast.2008.0302	2009
	Diversity and Distribution of Uncultured and Cultured Gaiellales and Rubrobacterales in South China Sea Sediments.	Chen RW, He YQ, Cui LQ, Li C, Shi SB, Long LJ, Tian XP.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.657072	2021
	Effect of Carbon Sources in Carotenoid Production from Haloarcula sp. M1, Halolamina sp. M3 and Halorubrum sp. M5, Halophilic Archaea Isolated from Sonora Saltern, Mexico.	Vazquez-Madrigal AS, Barbachano-Torres A, Arellano-Plaza M, Kirchmayr MR, Finore I, Poli A, Nicolaus B, De la Torre Zavala S, Camacho-Ruiz RM.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9051096	2021
	The bacterial aetiology of rosy discoloration of ancient wall paintings.	Imperi F, Caneva G, Cancellieri L, Ricci MA, Sodo A, Visca P.	Environ Microbiol	10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01393.x	2007
Genetics	Unraveling radiation resistance strategies in two bacterial strains from the high background radiation area of Chavara-Neendakara: A comprehensive whole genome analysis.	Pal S, Yuvaraj R, Krishnan H, Venkatraman B, Abraham J, Gopinathan A.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0304810	2024
Phylogeny	Diversity and Colonization Strategies of Endolithic Cyanobacteria in the Cold Mountain Desert of Pamir.	Khomutovska N, de Los Rios A, Jasser I.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms9010006	2020
	Reconstruction of the rRNA Sequences of LUCA, with Bioinformatic Implication of the Local Similarities Shared by Them.	Men Y, Lu G, Wang Y, Lin J, Xie Q.	Biology (Basel)	10.3390/biology11060837	2022
	Change in composition and potential functional genes of microbial communities on carbonatite rinds with different weathering times.	Chen J, Li F, Zhao X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Yan L, Yu L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024672	2022
	Carotenoids as a Protection Mechanism against Oxidative Stress in Haloferax mediterranei.	Giani M, Martinez-Espinosa RM.	Antioxidants (Basel)	10.3390/antiox9111060	2020
Phylogeny	Molecular microbial diversity of a soil sample and detection of ammonia oxidizers from Cape Evans, Mcmurdo Dry Valley, Antarctica.	Shravage BV, Dayananda KM, Patole MS, Shouche YS.	Microbiol Res	10.1016/j.micres.2006.01.005	2007
	Culturomics of Bacteria from Radon-Saturated Water of the World's Oldest Radium Mine.	Kapinusova G, Jani K, Smrhova T, Pajer P, Jarosova I, Suman J, Strejcek M, Uhlik O.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.01995-22	2022
	Characterization and radiation resistance of new isolates of Rubrobacter radiotolerans and Rubrobacter xylanophilus.	Ferreira AC, Nobre MF, Moore E, Rainey FA, Battista JR, da Costa MS.	Extremophiles	10.1007/s007920050121	1999
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of a novel DNA repair enzyme from the extremely radioresistant bacterium Rubrobacter radiotolerans.	Asgarani E, Terato H, Asagoshi K, Shahmohammadi HR, Ohyama Y, Saito T, Yamamoto O, Ide H.	J Radiat Res	10.1269/jrr.41.19	2000
Metabolism	Mycobacterium hassiacum recovers from nitrogen starvation with up-regulation of a novel glucosylglycerate hydrolase and depletion of the accumulated glucosylglycerate.	Alarico S, Costa M, Sousa MS, Maranha A, Lourenco EC, Faria TQ, Ventura MR, Empadinhas N.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep06766	2014
Metabolism	New primers for the class Actinobacteria: application to marine and terrestrial environments.	Stach JE, Maldonado LA, Ward AC, Goodfellow M, Bull AT.	Environ Microbiol	10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00483.x	2003
	Recent advances and perspectives in nucleotide second messenger signaling in bacteria.	Hengge R, Pruteanu M, Stulke J, Tschowri N, Turgay K.	Microlife	10.1093/femsml/uqad015	2023
	Zinc contamination decreases the bacterial diversity of agricultural soil.	Moffett BF, Nicholson FA, Uwakwe NC, Chambers BJ, Harris JA, Hill TC.	FEMS Microbiol Ecol	10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01041.x	2003
Phylogeny	16S rRNA gene sequence of Rubrobacter radiotolerans and its phylogenetic alignment with members of the genus Arthrobacter, gram-positive bacteria, and members of the family Deinococcaceae.	Kausar J, Ohyama Y, Terato H, Ide H, Yamamoto O.	Int J Syst Bacteriol	10.1099/00207713-47-3-684	1997
	A phylogenetic study of Rubrobacter radiotolerans by sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene.	Kausar J, Ohyama Y, Yamamoto O.	Biochem Mol Biol Int	10.1080/15216549600201771	1996
	Genomic Insights of Cryobacterium Isolated From Ice Core Reveal Genome Dynamics for Adaptation in Glacier.	Liu Y, Shen L, Zeng Y, Xing T, Xu B, Wang N.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2020.01530	2020
Metabolism	Nonphotosynthetic pigments as potential biosignatures.	Schwieterman EW, Cockell CS, Meadows VS.	Astrobiology	10.1089/ast.2014.1178	2015
Genetics	A Phylogenomic and Molecular Markers Based Analysis of the Class Acidimicrobiia.	Hu D, Cha G, Gao B.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.00987	2018
	Metagenomic Profiling of Ocular Surface Microbiome Changes in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.	Zhao F, Zhang D, Ge C, Zhang L, Reinach PS, Tian X, Tao C, Zhao Z, Zhao C, Fu W, Zeng C, Chen W.	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci	10.1167/iovs.61.8.22	2020
Metabolism	Production of zosteric acid and other sulfated phenolic biochemicals in microbial cell factories.	Jendresen CB, Nielsen AT.	Nat Commun	10.1038/s41467-019-12022-x	2019
Phylogeny	Molecular biological evidence for the occurrence of uncultured members of the actinomycete line of descent in different environments and geographical locations.	Rheims H, Sproer C, Rainey FA, Stackebrandt E.	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/13500872-142-10-2863	1996
	Identification of Carotenoids and Isoprenoid Quinones from Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis.	Antolak H, Oracz J, Otlewska A, Zyzelewicz D, Kregiel D.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules22101608	2017
Enzymology	Bacterial communities in pigmented biofilms formed on the sandstone bas-relief walls of the Bayon Temple, Angkor Thom, Cambodia.	Kusumi A, Li X, Osuga Y, Kawashima A, Gu JD, Nasu M, Katayama Y.	Microbes Environ	10.1264/jsme2.me13033	2013
Pathogenicity	A global survey of arsenic-related genes in soil microbiomes.	Dunivin TK, Yeh SY, Shade A.	BMC Biol	10.1186/s12915-019-0661-5	2019
	Human Microbiota and Breast Cancer-Is There Any Relevant Link?-A Literature Review and New Horizons Toward Personalised Medicine.	Alpuim Costa D, Nobre JG, Batista MV, Ribeiro C, Calle C, Cortes A, Marhold M, Negreiros I, Borralho P, Brito M, Cortes J, Braga SA, Costa L.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.584332	2021
	A novel diterpene agent isolated from Microbispora hainanensis strain CSR-4 and its in vitro and in silico inhibition effects on acetylcholine esterase enzyme.	Thawai C, Bunbamrung N, Pittayakhajonwut P, Chongruchiroj S, Pratuangdejkul J, He YW, Tadtong S, Sareedenchai V, Prombutara P, Qian Y.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-020-68009-y	2020
Enzymology	Glucosylglycerate Phosphorylase, an Enzyme with Novel Specificity Involved in Compatible Solute Metabolism.	Franceus J, Pinel D, Desmet T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.01434-17	2017
Biotechnology	Assessing the genetic diversity of Cu resistance in mine tailings through high-throughput recovery of full-length copA genes.	Li X, Zhu YG, Shaban B, Bruxner TJ, Bond PL, Huang L.	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep13258	2015
	The structural characterization of a glucosylglycerate hydrolase provides insights into the molecular mechanism of mycobacterial recovery from nitrogen starvation.	Cereija TB, Alarico S, Lourenco EC, Manso JA, Ventura MR, Empadinhas N, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Pereira PJB.	IUCrJ	10.1107/s2052252519005372	2019
Genetics	Whole genome sequence of two Rathayibacter toxicus strains reveals a tunicamycin biosynthetic cluster similar to Streptomyces chartreusis.	Sechler AJ, Tancos MA, Schneider DJ, King JG, Fennessey CM, Schroeder BK, Murray TD, Luster DG, Schneider WL, Rogers EE.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0183005	2017
	Illumina amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA tag reveals bacterial community development in the rhizosphere of apple nurseries at a replant disease site and a new planting site.	Sun J, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Wei Q.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0111744	2014
Enzymology	Bioassay- and metabolomics-guided screening of bioactive soil actinomycetes from the ancient city of Ihnasia, Egypt.	Sebak M, Saafan AE, AbdelGhani S, Bakeer W, El-Gendy AO, Espriu LC, Duncan K, Edrada-Ebel R.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0226959	2019
Pathogenicity	Isolation, phylogenetic analysis and anti-infective activity screening of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes.	Abdelmohsen UR, Pimentel-Elardo SM, Hanora A, Radwan M, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ahmed S, Hentschel U.	Mar Drugs	10.3390/md8030399	2010
	Sunlight-exposed biofilm microbial communities are naturally resistant to chernobyl ionizing-radiation levels.	Ragon M, Restoux G, Moreira D, Moller AP, Lopez-Garcia P.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0021764	2011
Enzymology	Improved culturability of soil bacteria and isolation in pure culture of novel members of the divisions Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia.	Janssen PH, Yates PS, Grinton BE, Taylor PM, Sait M.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.5.2391-2396.2002	2002
Metabolism	Nit1 is a metabolite repair enzyme that hydrolyzes deaminated glutathione.	Peracchi A, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Kuhara T, Ellens KW, Paczia N, Stroobant V, Seliga AK, Marlaire S, Jaisson S, Bommer GT, Sun J, Huebner K, Linster CL, Cooper AJL, Van Schaftingen E.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1613736114	2017
	Cultivation-independent methods applied to the microbial prospection of oil and gas in soil from a sedimentary basin in Brazil.	Miqueletto PB, Andreote FD, Dias AC, Ferreira JC, Dos Santos Neto EV, de Oliveira VM.	AMB Express	10.1186/2191-0855-1-35	2011
Pathogenicity	Unraveling Fungal Radiation Resistance Regulatory Networks through the Genome-Wide Transcriptome and Genetic Analyses of Cryptococcus neoformans.	Jung KW, Yang DH, Kim MK, Seo HS, Lim S, Bahn YS.	mBio	10.1128/mbio.01483-16	2016
Phylogeny	Comparative molecular analysis of chemolithoautotrophic bacterial diversity and community structure from coastal saline soils, Gujarat, India.	Yousuf B, Sanadhya P, Keshri J, Jha B.	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-12-150	2012
Metabolism	Prokaryotic and eukaryotic community structure in field and cultured microbialites from the alkaline Lake Alchichica (Mexico).	Couradeau E, Benzerara K, Moreira D, Gerard E, Kazmierczak J, Tavera R, Lopez-Garcia P.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0028767	2011
	Study of the Deinococcus radiodurans nucleoid by cryoelectron microscopy of vitreous sections: Supplementary comments.	Eltsov M, Dubochet J.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00230-06	2006
Genetics	Survival in nuclear waste, extreme resistance, and potential applications gleaned from the genome sequence of Kineococcus radiotolerans SRS30216.	Bagwell CE, Bhat S, Hawkins GM, Smith BW, Biswas T, Hoover TR, Saunders E, Han CS, Tsodikov OV, Shimkets LJ.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0003878	2008
Enzymology	Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the MutY homolog of Deinococcus radiodurans.	Li X, Lu AL.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.183.21.6151-6158.2001	2001
	Molecular analysis of bacterial community structure and diversity in unimproved and improved upland grass pastures.	McCaig AE, Glover LA, Prosser JI.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.65.4.1721-1730.1999	1999
Phylogeny	Phylogenetic framework and molecular signatures for the main clades of the phylum Actinobacteria.	Gao B, Gupta RS.	Microbiol Mol Biol Rev	10.1128/mmbr.05011-11	2012
Genetics	Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.	Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007	2018
Phylogeny	Rubrobacter bracarensis sp. nov., a novel member of the genus Rubrobacter isolated from a biodeteriorated monument.	Jurado V, Miller AZ, Alias-Villegas C, Laiz L, Saiz-Jimenez C.	Syst Appl Microbiol	10.1016/j.syapm.2012.04.007	2012
Phylogeny	Rubrobacter indicoceani sp. nov., a new marine actinobacterium isolated from Indian Ocean sediment.	Chen RW, Wang KX, Wang FZ, He YQ, Long LJ, Tian XP	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.003018	2018

References

#2342	Leibniz Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH ; Curators of the DSMZ; DSM 5868
#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#20218	Verslyppe, B., De Smet, W., De Baets, B., De Vos, P., Dawyndt P.: StrainInfo introduces electronic passports for microorganisms.. Syst Appl Microbiol. 37: 42 - 50 2014 ( DOI 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.11.002 , PubMed 24321274 )
#33032	; Curators of the CIP;
#43368	Laura Carreto, Edward Moore, M. Fernanda Nobre, Robin Wait, Paul W. Riley, Richard J, Sharp, Milton S. da Costa: Rubrobacter xylanophilus sp. nov., a New Thermophilic Species Isolated from a Thermally Polluted Effluent. IJSEM 1996: 460 - 465 46 ( DOI 10.1099/00207713-46-2-460 )
#66793	Mukherjee et al.: GEBA: 1,003 reference genomes of bacterial and archaeal isolates expand coverage of the tree of life. 35: 676 - 683 2017 ( DOI 10.1038/nbt.3886 , PubMed 28604660 )
#67770	Japan Collection of Microorganism (JCM) ; Curators of the JCM;
#68371	Automatically annotated from API 50CH acid .
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#122128	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 106991
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Rubrobacter radiotolerans (DSM 5868, ATCC 51242, DSM 46359)

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