Helicobacter bilis (CIP 104752, ATCC 51630, MIT Hb1)

Name: Helicobacter bilis (CIP 104752, ATCC 51630, MIT Hb1)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 135551

Type strain

Culture col. no. CIP 104752 ATCC 51630 MIT Hb1

NCBI tax ID(s) 1408441 37372

Special Collections CIP

History CIP <- 1996, ATCC <- J.G. Fox: strain MIT Hb1 <- L. Yan

Links

Helicobacter bilis CIP 104752 is a mesophilic, Gram-negative, motile prokaryote of the family Helicobacteraceae.

Gram-negative motile rod-shaped mesophilic genome sequence

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 11952

LMG 18386,ATCC 51630,CCUG 38995 A,CIP 104752,CCUG 41387,BCRC 17337,CCRC 17337,CCUG 38995 B

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2025-12-16 10:02:20

Domain Pseudomonadati

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Epsilonproteobacteria

Order Campylobacterales

Family Helicobacteraceae

Genus Helicobacter

Species Helicobacter bilis

Full scientific name Helicobacter bilis Fox et al. 1997

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell shape	Confidence
125438	negative		97.213
125439	negative		96.9
34711	negative	rod-shaped

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

@ref	Name	Growth	Composition	Medium link
34711	MEDIUM 45 - for Columbia agar with sheep blood		Distilled water make up to (1000.000 ml);Columbia agar (39.000 g);Sheepblood (100.000 ml)
34711	CIP Medium 45			Medium recipe at CIP

Culture temp

@ref	Growth	Type	Temperature (°C)	Range
34711	positive	growth	37	mesophilic
34711	positive	growth	37-41
34711	negative	growth	5
34711	negative	growth	10
34711	negative	growth	25
34711	negative	growth	30
34711	negative	growth	45

Physiology and metabolism

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125438		96.122
125439		97.6

Halophily

@ref	Salt	Growth	Tested relation	Concentration
34711	NaCl		growth	3.5 %

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
34711	606565 ChEBI	hippurate	-	hydrolysis
34711	17632 ChEBI	nitrate	-	reduction
34711	16301 ChEBI	nitrite	-	reduction

Antibiotic resistance

@ref	Metabolite	Is sensitive	Is resistant
34711	0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)

Metabolite production

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Production
34711	35581 ChEBI	indole

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
68382	acid phosphatase	+	3.1.3.2	from API zym
68382	alkaline phosphatase	+	3.1.3.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	from API zym
68382	alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	from API zym
68382	alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	from API zym
68382	alpha-glucosidase	+	3.2.1.20	from API zym
68382	alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	from API zym
68382	beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	from API zym
68382	beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	from API zym
68382	beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	from API zym
34711	catalase	+	1.11.1.6
68382	cystine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.3	from API zym
34711	DNase	-
68382	esterase (C 4)	+		from API zym
68382	esterase lipase (C 8)	+		from API zym
34711	gamma-glutamyltransferase	-	2.3.2.2
34711	gelatinase	-
68382	leucine arylamidase	-	3.4.11.1	from API zym
68382	lipase (C 14)	-		from API zym
68382	N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	from API zym
68382	naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	+		from API zym
34711	oxidase	+
68382	trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	from API zym
34711	urease	+	3.5.1.5
68382	valine arylamidase	-		from API zym

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	86.36	19 of 22
66794	photosynthesis	85.71	12 of 14
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	85.71	6 of 7
66794	1,4-dihydroxy-6-naphthoate biosynthesis	83.33	5 of 6
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	80	4 of 5
66794	d-mannose degradation	77.78	7 of 9
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	77.78	7 of 9
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	73.33	11 of 15
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	71.43	5 of 7
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	71.43	20 of 28
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
66794	threonine metabolism	70	7 of 10
66794	urea cycle	69.23	9 of 13
66794	alanine metabolism	68.97	20 of 29
66794	valine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	isoleucine metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
66794	gluconeogenesis	62.5	5 of 8
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	62.5	5 of 8
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	61.54	8 of 13
66794	leucine metabolism	61.54	8 of 13
66794	NAD metabolism	61.11	11 of 18
66794	propionate fermentation	60	6 of 10
66794	cellulose degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	flavin biosynthesis	60	9 of 15
66794	hydrogen production	60	3 of 5
66794	propanol degradation	57.14	4 of 7
66794	glutathione metabolism	57.14	8 of 14
66794	citric acid cycle	57.14	8 of 14
66794	polyamine pathway	56.52	13 of 23
66794	cysteine metabolism	55.56	10 of 18
66794	serine metabolism	55.56	5 of 9
66794	proline metabolism	54.55	6 of 11
66794	methionine metabolism	53.85	14 of 26
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	53.33	24 of 45
66794	purine metabolism	53.19	50 of 94
66794	non-pathway related	52.63	20 of 38
66794	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	kanosamine biosynthesis II	50	1 of 2
66794	heme metabolism	50	7 of 14
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	50	2 of 4
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	50	4 of 8
66794	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	histidine metabolism	48.28	14 of 29
66794	glycolysis	47.06	8 of 17
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	46.15	6 of 13
66794	lysine metabolism	45.24	19 of 42
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	44.44	4 of 9
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	42.86	3 of 7
66794	tyrosine metabolism	42.86	6 of 14
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	42.31	11 of 26
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	41.76	38 of 91
66794	arginine metabolism	41.67	10 of 24
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	41.67	5 of 12
66794	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	40	2 of 5
66794	glycine metabolism	40	4 of 10
66794	tryptophan metabolism	39.47	15 of 38
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	38.46	5 of 13
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	36.36	4 of 11
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	36.36	4 of 11
66794	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	36.36	4 of 11
66794	lipid metabolism	35.48	11 of 31
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	33.33	3 of 9
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	octane oxidation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	33.33	1 of 3
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	33.33	2 of 6
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	30.77	4 of 13
66794	sulfate reduction	30.77	4 of 13
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	butanoate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	toluene degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	25	4 of 16
66794	nitrate assimilation	22.22	2 of 9
66794	degradation of hexoses	22.22	4 of 18

API zym

@ref	Control	Alkaline phosphatase	Esterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	Lipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	Trypsin	alpha- Chymotrypsin	Acid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	alpha- Galactosidase	beta- Galactosidase	beta- Glucuronidase	alpha- Glucosidase	beta- Glucosidase	N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	alpha- Mannosidase	alpha- Fucosidase
34711	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

@ref	Sample type	Geographic location	Country	Country ISO 3 Code	Continent
34711		MA	USA	USA	North America
34711	Animal, Mouse, bile	Massachusetts	United States of America	USA	North America

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

@ref	Biosafety level	Biosafety level comment
34711	2	Risk group (French classification)

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM76566v2 assembly for Helicobacter sp. MIT 05-5293	contig	GCA_000765665	1548149.3	2657244987	1548149	73.8
66792	ASM76576v2 assembly for Helicobacter typhlonius MIT 98-6810	contig	GCA_000765765	76936.7	2663762956	76936	71.82
66792	ASM76292v2 assembly for Helicobacter sp. MIT 03-1614	contig	GCA_000762925	1548147.3	2700989478	1548147	71.01
66792	ASM76568v2 assembly for Helicobacter sp. MIT 03-1616	contig	GCA_000765685	1548148.3	2681813176	1548148	69.23
66792	Helicobacter sp. MIT 01-6451	contig		425400.3		425400	65.7
66792	ASM76569v2 assembly for Helicobacter sp. MIT 11-5569	contig	GCA_000765695	1548151.3	2700989479	1548151	64.7
66792	ASM76287v2 assembly for Helicobacter saguini MIT 97-6194	contig	GCA_000762875	1548018.3	2700989477	1548018	57.76
66792	ASM76574v2 assembly for Helicobacter apodemus MIT-03-7007	contig	GCA_000765745	135569.3	2660238202	135569	50.02
66792	ASM68656v1 assembly for Helicobacter bilis ATCC 51630	scaffold	GCA_000686565	1408441.3	2563366541	1408441	50
66792	ASM76578v2 assembly for Helicobacter bilis ATCC 51630	contig	GCA_000765785	37372.4	2700989481	37372	48.25
66792	ASM76584v2 assembly for Helicobacter bilis Missouri	contig	GCA_000765845	37372.5	2693429660	37372	47.41
66792	ASM76586v2 assembly for Helicobacter bilis ATCC 49314	contig	GCA_000765865	37372.6	2671180881	37372	45.82
66792	ASM76592v2 assembly for Helicobacter bilis ATCC 49320	contig	GCA_000765925	37372.7	2700989482	37372	45.41
66792	Helicobacter sp. MIT 09-6949	contig		1548152.3		1677920	43.8
66792	ASM76567v2 assembly for Helicobacter sp. MIT 05-5294	contig	GCA_000765675	1548150.3	2663762982	1548150	40.76
66792	ASM76588v2 assembly for Helicobacter trogontum ATCC 49310	contig	GCA_000765885	50960.4	2657245476	50960	35.2
66792	Helicobacter magdeburgensis MIT 96-1001	contig		471858.3		471858	7
66792	ASM289590v1 assembly for Helicobacter bilis ATCC 51630	scaffold	GCA_002895905	37372.30	2917782786	37372

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Helicobacter bilis ATCC 51630
NCBI: GCA_000686565

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	97.60	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	72.30	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	96.90	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	obligate aerobe	83.50	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Helicobacter bilis ATCC 51630 ATCC 51630
NCBI: GCA_000686565.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	97.21	no
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	80.25	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	no	89.65	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	96.12	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	88.28	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	yes	60.21	no

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
	Attempts to Establish a Helicobacter bilis Biliary Tract Infection Model via Oral Administration of Helicobacter bilis.	Kosaka T, Adachi T, Imamura H, Hamada T, Matsushima H, Hara T, Kinoshita A, Soyama A, Eguchi S.	Cureus	10.7759/cureus.95008	2025
Genetics	Insights into Functions of Universal Stress Proteins Encoded by Genomes of Gastric Cancer Pathogen Helicobacter pylori and Related Bacteria.	Isokpehi RD, Simmons SS, Makolo AU, Hollman AL, Adesida SA, Ojo OO, Abioye AO.	Pathogens	10.3390/pathogens14030275	2025
	Infections With Enterohepatic Non-H. pylori Helicobacter Species in X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Clinical Cases and Review of the Literature.	Romo-Gonzalez C, Bustamante-Ogando JC, Yamazaki-Nakashimada MA, Aviles-Jimenez F, Otero-Mendoza F, Espinosa-Rosales FJ, Espinosa-Padilla SE, Scheffler Mendoza SC, Duran-McKinster C, Garcia-Romero MT, Saez-de-Ocariz M, Lopez-Herrera G.	Front Cell Infect Microbiol	10.3389/fcimb.2021.807136	2021
Metabolism	Prokaryotic viperins produce diverse antiviral molecules.	Bernheim A, Millman A, Ofir G, Meitav G, Avraham C, Avraham C, Shomar H, Rosenberg MM, Tal N, Melamed S, Amitai G, Sorek R.	Nature	10.1038/s41586-020-2762-2	2021
Phylogeny	Diagnosis of Genus Helicobacter through a hemi-nested PCR assay of 16S rRNA.	Qin H, Tang G, Yi P, Pan X, Huang H, Chang R, Shi Z, Ashraf MA.	Saudi Pharm J	10.1016/j.jsps.2016.04.015	2016
Enzymology	Rapid identification and subtyping of Helicobacter cinaedi strains by intact-cell mass spectrometry profiling with the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.	Taniguchi T, Sekiya A, Higa M, Saeki Y, Umeki K, Okayama A, Hayashi T, Misawa N.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.01798-13	2014
	Characterization of proteins in the outer membrane preparation of a murine pathogen, Helicobacter bilis.	Ge Z, Doig P, Fox JG.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.69.5.3502-3506.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Whole genome-based phylogeny of reptile-associated Helicobacter indicates independent niche adaptation followed by diversification in a poikilothermic host.	Gilbert MJ, Duim B, Timmerman AJ, Zomer AL, Wagenaar JA.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-09091-7	2017
	Comparison of Helicobacter bilis-Associated Protein Expression in Huh7 Cells Harbouring HCV Replicon and in Replicon-Cured Cells.	Okoli AS, Raftery MJ, Mendz GL.	Int J Hepatol	10.1155/2012/501671	2012
	Cross-reactivity between immune responses to Helicobacter bilis and Helicobacter pylori in a population in Thailand at high risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma.	Pisani P, Whary MT, Nilsson I, Sriamporn S, Wadstrom T, Fox JG, Ljungh A, Forman D.	Clin Vaccine Immunol	10.1128/cvi.00132-08	2008
Enzymology	Detection of Helicobacter hepaticus in human bile samples of patients with biliary disease.	Hamada T, Yokota K, Ayada K, Hirai K, Kamada T, Haruma K, Chayama K, Oguma K.	Helicobacter	10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00729.x	2009
Pathogenicity	In vitro activity of a novel antimicrobial agent, TG44, for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.	Kamoda O, Anzai K, Mizoguchi J, Shiojiri M, Yanagi T, Nishino T, Kamiya S.	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	10.1128/aac.00036-06	2006
	Association between Helicobacter bilis in bile and biliary tract malignancies: H. bilis in bile from Japanese and Thai patients with benign and malignant diseases in the biliary tract.	Matsukura N, Yokomuro S, Yamada S, Tajiri T, Sundo T, Hadama T, Kamiya S, Naito Z, Fox JG.	Jpn J Cancer Res	10.1111/j.1349-7006.2002.tb01327.x	2002
Enzymology	Detection of Helicobacter colonization of the murine lower bowel by genus-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.	Grehan M, Tamotia G, Robertson B, Mitchell H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.68.10.5164-5166.2002	2002
Enzymology	Serodiagnosis of Helicobacter hepaticus infection in mice by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	Livingston RS, Riley LK, Steffen EK, Besch-Williford CL, Hook RR, Franklin CL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.5.1236-1238.1997	1997
	Recombinant Helicobacter bilis protein P167 for mouse serodiagnosis in a multiplex microbead assay.	Feng S, Kendall LV, Hodzic E, Wong S, Lorenzana E, Freet K, Ku KS, Luciw PA, Barthold SW, Khan IH.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.11.6.1094-1099.2004	2004
	Cloning and expression of a Helicobacter bilis immunoreactive protein.	Feng S, Hodzic E, Kendall LV, Smith A, Freet K, Barthold SW.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.9.3.627-632.2002	2002
Enzymology	Enterohepatic helicobacter in ulcerative colitis: potential pathogenic entities?	Thomson JM, Hansen R, Berry SH, Hope ME, Murray GI, Mukhopadhya I, McLean MH, Shen Z, Fox JG, El-Omar E, Hold GL.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0017184	2011
	Differential susceptibility of P-glycoprotein deficient mice to colitis induction by environmental insults.	Staley EM, Schoeb TR, Lorenz RG.	Inflamm Bowel Dis	10.1002/ibd.20824	2009
Phylogeny	Rapid identification of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter isolates by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.	Marshall SM, Melito PL, Woodward DL, Johnson WM, Rodgers FG, Mulvey MR.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.37.12.4158-4160.1999	1999
	Helicobacter bilis-induced inflammatory bowel disease in scid mice with defined flora.	Shomer NH, Dangler CA, Schrenzel MD, Fox JG.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.65.11.4858-4864.1997	1997
Phylogeny	Coinfection of enteric Helicobacter spp. and Campylobacter spp. in cats.	Shen Z, Feng Y, Dewhirst FE, Fox JG.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.6.2166-2172.2001	2001
	Identification of murine helicobacters by PCR and restriction enzyme analyses.	Riley LK, Franklin CL, Hook RR, Besch-Williford C.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.34.4.942-946.1996	1996
Metabolism	Evolution of Helicobacter: Acquisition by Gastric Species of Two Histidine-Rich Proteins Essential for Colonization.	Vinella D, Fischer F, Vorontsov E, Gallaud J, Malosse C, Michel V, Cavazza C, Robbe-Saule M, Richaud P, Chamot-Rooke J, Brochier-Armanet C, De Reuse H.	PLoS Pathog	10.1371/journal.ppat.1005312	2015
Phylogeny	Association of Helicobacter species with hepatitis C cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma.	Rocha M, Avenaud P, Menard A, Le Bail B, Balabaud C, Bioulac-Sage P, de Magalhaes Queiroz DM, Megraud F.	Gut	10.1136/gut.2004.042168	2005
	Fecal PCR assay for diagnosis of Helicobacter infection in laboratory rodents.	Beckwith CS, Franklin CL, Hook RR, Besch-Williford CL, Riley LK.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.35.6.1620-1623.1997	1997
Phylogeny	Development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer PCR to detect arcobacter species.	Abdelbaqi K, Buissonniere A, Prouzet-Mauleon V, Gresser J, Wesley I, Megraud F, Menard A.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.00256-07	2007
Phylogeny	Morphologic, genetic, and biochemical characterization of Helicobacter magdeburgensis, a novel species isolated from the intestine of laboratory mice.	Traverso FR, Bohr UR, Oyarzabal OA, Rohde M, Clarici A, Wex T, Kuester D, Malfertheiner P, Fox JG, Backert S.	Helicobacter	10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00770.x	2010
Enzymology	Differential detection of five mouse-infecting helicobacter species by multiplex PCR.	Feng S, Ku K, Hodzic E, Lorenzana E, Freet K, Barthold SW.	Clin Diagn Lab Immunol	10.1128/cdli.12.4.531-536.2005	2005
Enzymology	Presence of active aliphatic amidases in Helicobacter species able to colonize the stomach.	Bury-Mone S, Skouloubris S, Dauga C, Thiberge JM, Dailidiene D, Berg DE, Labigne A, De Reuse H.	Infect Immun	10.1128/iai.71.10.5613-5622.2003	2003
Enzymology	Specific detection and prevalence of Helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms in the human gastric mucosa by fluorescent in situ hybridization and partial 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing.	Trebesius K, Adler K, Vieth M, Stolte M, Haas R.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.39.4.1510-1516.2001	2001
Phylogeny	Extension of the species Helicobacter bilis to include the reference strains of Helicobacter sp. flexispira taxa 2, 3 and 8 and Finnish canine and feline flexispira strains.	Hanninen ML, Karenlampi RI, Koort JMK, Mikkonen T, Bjorkroth KJ	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.63245-0	2005
Enzymology	Helicobacter bilis sp. nov., a novel Helicobacter species isolated from bile, livers, and intestines of aged, inbred mice.	Fox JG, Yan LL, Dewhirst FE, Paster BJ, Shames B, Murphy JC, Hayward A, Belcher JC, Mendes EN.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.33.2.445-454.1995	1995
Phylogeny	Helicobacter mesocricetorum sp. nov., A novel Helicobacter isolated from the feces of Syrian hamsters.	Simmons JH, Riley LK, Besch-Williford CL, Franklin CL.	J Clin Microbiol	10.1128/jcm.38.5.1811-1817.2000	2000

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#34711	Collection of Institut Pasteur ; Curators of the CIP; CIP 104752
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#68382	Automatically annotated from API zym .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Helicobacter bilis (CIP 104752, ATCC 51630, MIT Hb1)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

Cell morphology

Colony morphology

Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

Culture temp

Physiology and metabolism

Spore formation

Halophily

Metabolite utilization

Antibiotic resistance

Metabolite production

Enzymes

Pathway annotation

API zym

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation

Interaction and safety

Risk assessment

Sequence information

Genome sequences

Genome browser: GCA_000765665

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Literature

Literature

References

BacDive

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