Komagataeibacter medellinensis (NBRC 3288, Kondo 51, LMG 1693)

Name: Komagataeibacter medellinensis (NBRC 3288, Kondo 51, LMG 1693)
Creator: BacDive
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

BacDive ID 133875

Type strain

Culture col. no. NBRC 3288 Kondo 51 LMG 1693

NCBI tax ID(s) 634177 1177712

Special Collections Literature strains

Links

Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from food product.

Gram-negative rod-shaped genome sequence 16S sequence Bacteria

Name and taxonomic classification

SI-ID 14545

IFO 3288,BCRC 11682,CCRC 11682,LMG 1693,NBRC 3288

@ref 20215

Last LPSN update 2026-02-09 11:32:03

Domain Bacteria

Phylum Pseudomonadota

Class Alphaproteobacteria

Order Rhodospirillales

Family Acetobacteraceae

Genus Komagataeibacter

Species Komagataeibacter medellinensis

Full scientific name Komagataeibacter medellinensis (Castro et al. 2013) Yamada 2014

Synonyms (1)

Gluconacetobacter medellinensis

Morphology

Cell morphology

@ref	Gram stain	Cell length	Cell width	Cell shape	Confidence
30737	negative	2 µm	0.65 µm	rod-shaped
125438	negative				97.833
125439	negative				97.4

Pigmentation

30737

Productionyes

Culture and growth conditions

Physiology and metabolism

Spore formation

@ref	Spore formation	Confidence
125438		92.077
125439		97.8

Metabolite utilization

@ref	Chebi-ID	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
30737	16236 ChEBI	ethanol	+	carbon source
30737	28757 ChEBI	fructose	+	carbon source
30737	24265 ChEBI	gluconate	+	carbon source
30737	17306 ChEBI	maltose	+	carbon source
30737	29864 ChEBI	mannitol	+	carbon source
30737	33942 ChEBI	ribose	+	carbon source
30737	30911 ChEBI	sorbitol	+	carbon source
30737	17992 ChEBI	sucrose	+	carbon source
30737	18222 ChEBI	xylose	+	carbon source

Enzymes

@ref	Value	Activity	Ec
30737	catalase	+	1.11.1.6

Pathway annotation

Computationally determined by

@ref	pathway	enzyme coverage	annotated reactions
66794	ceramide biosynthesis	100	1 of 1
66794	phenylmercury acetate degradation	100	2 of 2
66794	valine metabolism	100	9 of 9
66794	sulfopterin metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
66794	palmitate biosynthesis	100	22 of 22
66794	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
66794	glycine betaine biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
66794	cardiolipin biosynthesis	100	7 of 7
66794	phenylacetate degradation (aerobic)	100	5 of 5
66794	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	ethanol fermentation	100	2 of 2
66794	acetoin degradation	100	3 of 3
66794	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
66794	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
66794	methylglyoxal degradation	100	5 of 5
66794	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
66794	ketogluconate metabolism	100	8 of 8
66794	biotin biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
66794	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	92.86	13 of 14
66794	vitamin B1 metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
66794	vitamin B12 metabolism	91.18	31 of 34
66794	pentose phosphate pathway	90.91	10 of 11
66794	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
66794	Entner Doudoroff pathway	90	9 of 10
66794	serine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	88.89	8 of 9
66794	allantoin degradation	88.89	8 of 9
66794	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
66794	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	87.5	7 of 8
66794	isoleucine metabolism	87.5	7 of 8
66794	photosynthesis	85.71	12 of 14
66794	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	85.71	6 of 7
66794	propanol degradation	85.71	6 of 7
66794	purine metabolism	80.85	76 of 94
66794	methionine metabolism	80.77	21 of 26
66794	starch degradation	80	8 of 10
66794	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
66794	alanine metabolism	79.31	23 of 29
66794	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	78.57	22 of 28
66794	lipid A biosynthesis	77.78	7 of 9
66794	phenylalanine metabolism	76.92	10 of 13
66794	pyrimidine metabolism	75.56	34 of 45
66794	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	acetate fermentation	75	3 of 4
66794	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
66794	gluconeogenesis	75	6 of 8
66794	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	75	6 of 8
66794	flavin biosynthesis	73.33	11 of 15
66794	NAD metabolism	72.22	13 of 18
66794	ubiquinone biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
66794	heme metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
66794	citric acid cycle	71.43	10 of 14
66794	leucine metabolism	69.23	9 of 13
66794	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	66.67	2 of 3
66794	cyanate degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	66.67	6 of 9
66794	L-lactaldehyde degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	d-mannose degradation	66.67	6 of 9
66794	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	sulfoquinovose degradation	66.67	2 of 3
66794	isoprenoid biosynthesis	65.38	17 of 26
66794	glycolysis	64.71	11 of 17
66794	glutathione metabolism	64.29	9 of 14
66794	metabolism of disaccharids	63.64	7 of 11
66794	degradation of sugar alcohols	62.5	10 of 16
66794	non-pathway related	60.53	23 of 38
66794	cellulose degradation	60	3 of 5
66794	histidine metabolism	58.62	17 of 29
66794	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	58.33	7 of 12
66794	arginine metabolism	58.33	14 of 24
66794	tyrosine metabolism	57.14	8 of 14
66794	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	55.56	5 of 9
66794	cysteine metabolism	55.56	10 of 18
66794	oxidative phosphorylation	54.95	50 of 91
66794	vitamin B6 metabolism	54.55	6 of 11
66794	sulfate reduction	53.85	7 of 13
66794	tryptophan metabolism	52.63	20 of 38
66794	lipid metabolism	51.61	16 of 31
66794	lysine metabolism	50	21 of 42
66794	glycine metabolism	50	5 of 10
66794	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	50	3 of 6
66794	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	ribulose monophosphate pathway	50	1 of 2
66794	aminopropanol phosphate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
66794	kanosamine biosynthesis II	50	1 of 2
66794	butanoate fermentation	50	2 of 4
66794	propionate fermentation	50	5 of 10
66794	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
66794	quinate degradation	50	1 of 2
66794	degradation of pentoses	46.43	13 of 28
66794	phosphatidylethanolamine bioynthesis	46.15	6 of 13
66794	proline metabolism	45.45	5 of 11
66794	cholesterol biosynthesis	45.45	5 of 11
66794	androgen and estrogen metabolism	43.75	7 of 16
66794	ascorbate metabolism	40.91	9 of 22
66794	factor 420 biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	glycogen metabolism	40	2 of 5
66794	lipoate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	coenzyme M biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
66794	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
66794	3-phenylpropionate degradation	40	6 of 15
66794	arachidonic acid metabolism	38.89	7 of 18
66794	d-xylose degradation	36.36	4 of 11
66794	degradation of hexoses	33.33	6 of 18
66794	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	pantothenate biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
66794	sphingosine metabolism	33.33	2 of 6
66794	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
66794	nitrate assimilation	33.33	3 of 9
66794	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	30.77	4 of 13
66794	urea cycle	30.77	4 of 13
66794	myo-inositol biosynthesis	30	3 of 10
66794	phenol degradation	30	6 of 20
66794	degradation of sugar acids	28	7 of 25
66794	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	27.27	3 of 11
66794	carotenoid biosynthesis	27.27	6 of 22
66794	polyamine pathway	26.09	6 of 23
66794	cyclohexanol degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	lactate fermentation	25	1 of 4
66794	ppGpp biosynthesis	25	1 of 4
66794	carnitine metabolism	25	2 of 8
66794	toluene degradation	25	1 of 4
66794	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	22.22	2 of 9

Isolation, sampling and environmental information

Isolation source categories

Cat1	Cat2	Cat3
#Engineered	#Food production	#Food

Isolation

30737

Sample typefood product

Taxonmaps

69479

Global distribution of 16S sequence JX013852 (>99% sequence identity) for Komagataeibacter from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	523
Soil Samples	662
Animal Samples	2327
Plant Samples	555
Total Samples	4067

Interaction and safety

Sequence information

Genome sequences

@ref	Description	Assembly level	INSDC accession	BV-BRC accession	IMG accession	NCBI tax ID	Score
66792	ASM18274v1 assembly for Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288	complete	GCA_000182745	634177.7	2513237191	634177	98.12

16S sequences

@ref	Description	Accession	Length	Database	NCBI tax ID
30737	Gluconacetobacter medellensis strain LMG 1693 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	JX013852	1443		634177
124043	Gluconacetobacter medellensis strain LMG 1693 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence.	JX013851	970		1177712

GC content

30737

GC-content (mol%)60.7

Genome-based predictions

Predictions

Predictions from Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 based on: Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288
NCBI: GCA_000182745

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125439	spore_formation	BacteriaNetⓘ	no	97.80	no
125439	motility	BacteriaNetⓘ	yes	76.10	no
125439	gram_stain	BacteriaNetⓘ	negative	97.40	no
125439	oxygen_tolerance	BacteriaNetⓘ	facultative aerobe	68.60	no

Predictions from bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets based on: Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288 NBRC 3288
NCBI: GCA_000182745.1

@ref	Trait	Model	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
125438	gram-positive	gram-positiveⓘ	no	97.83	yes
125438	anaerobic	anaerobicⓘ	no	87.50	no
125438	aerobic	aerobicⓘ	yes	77.30	no
125438	spore-forming	spore-formingⓘ	no	92.08	no
125438	thermophilic	thermophileⓘ	no	97.78	no
125438	flagellated	motile2+ⓘ	no	62.27	yes

Literature

Topic	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Genetics	Complete genome analysis of the cellulose producing strain Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans SMEG01.	Deng S, Wang L, Chen G, Qin Q, Dong S, Zhang H.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-025-07045-y	2025
	Biomineralization in Three-Dimensional Scaffolds Based on Bacterial Nanocellulose for Bone Tissue Engineering: Feature Characterization and Stem Cell Differentiation.	Canas-Gutierrez A, Toro L, Fornaguera C, Borros S, Osorio M, Castro-Herazo C, Arboleda-Toro D.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym15092012	2023
	Mucoadhesive capsules based on bacterial nanocellulose and chitosan as delivery system of turmeric extract.	Posada L, Jaramillo-Quiceno N, Castro C, Osorio M.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21836	2023
	Novel, acidic, and cold-adapted glycoside hydrolase family 8 endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from an Antarctic lichen-associated bacterium, Lichenicola cladoniae PAMC 26568.	Kim DY, Kim J, Lee YM, Byeon SM, Gwak JH, Lee JS, Shin DH, Park HY.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.935497	2022
Genetics	Comparative Genome Analysis of Three Komagataeibacter Strains Used for Practical Production of Nata-de-Coco.	Ishiya K, Kosaka H, Inaoka T, Kimura K, Nakashima N.	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.798010	2021
	Regulatory mechanisms of acetic acid, ethanol and high temperature tolerances of acetic acid bacteria during vinegar production.	Hua S, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhou Q, Li Z, Liu P, Wang K, Zhu Y, Han D, Yu Y.	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-024-02602-y	2024
	Draft Genome Sequence of Komagataeibacter maltaceti LMG 1529^T, a Vinegar-Producing Acetic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Malt Vinegar Brewery Acetifiers.	Zhang Q, Poehlein A, Hollensteiner J, Daniel R.	Genome Announc	10.1128/genomea.00330-18	2018
	Environment and diet shape the geography-specific Drosophila melanogaster microbiota composition.	Gale JT, Kreutz R, Gottfredson Morgan SJ, Davis EK, Hough C, Cisneros Cancino WA, Burnside B, Barney R, Hunsaker R, Tanner Hoyt A, Cluff A, Nosker M, Sefcik C, Beales E, Beltz JK, Frandsen PB, Schmidt P, Chaston JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00883-25	2025
	Evaluation of the Effects of Genistein In Vitro as a Chemopreventive Agent for Colorectal Cancer-Strategy to Improve Its Efficiency When Administered Orally.	Rendon JP, Canas AI, Correa E, Bedoya-Betancur V, Osorio M, Castro C, Naranjo TW.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27207042	2022
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of the cellulose-producing strain Komagataeibacter nataicola RZS01.	Zhang H, Xu X, Chen X, Yuan F, Sun B, Xu Y, Yang J, Sun D.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-04589-6	2017
	Bacterial cellulose: Enhancing productivity and material properties through repeated harvest.	Rackov N, Janssen N, Akkache A, Drotleff B, Beyer B, Scoppola E, Vrana NE, Hengge R, Bidan CM, Hathroubi S.	Biofilm	10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100276	2025
	Flagellar Genes Are Associated with the Colonization Persistence Phenotype of the Drosophila melanogaster Microbiota.	Morgan SJ, Chaston JM.	Microbiol Spectr	10.1128/spectrum.04585-22	2023
	Genetic modification for enhancing bacterial cellulose production and its applications.	Singhania RR, Patel AK, Tsai ML, Chen CW, Di Dong C.	Bioengineered	10.1080/21655979.2021.1968989	2021
	Antibacterial effects of biologically active ingredients in hop provide promising options to fight infections by pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria.	Fahle A, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM.	Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp)	10.1556/1886.2022.00006	2022
Enzymology	Purification and gene cloning of a dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus brevis that catalyzes a reaction involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis.	Sakuno E, Kameyama M, Nakajima H, Yabe K.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.70597	2008
Phylogeny	Komagataeibacter intermedius V-05: An Acetic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Vinegar Industry, with High Capacity for Bacterial Cellulose Production in Soybean Molasses Medium.	Gomes RJ, de Sousa Faria-Tischer PC, Tischer CA, Constantino LV, de Freitas Rosa M, Chideroli RT, de Padua Pereira U, Spinosa WA, Spinosa WA.	Food Technol Biotechnol	10.17113/ftb.59.04.21.7148	2021
Metabolism	D-hexosaminate production by oxidative fermentation.	Moonmangmee D, Adachi O, Toyama H, Matsushita K.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-004-1707-2	2004
	Bacterial Metabolism and Transport Genes Are Associated with the Preference of Drosophila melanogaster for Dietary Yeast.	Call TB, Davis EK, Bean JD, Lemmon SG, Chaston JM.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.00720-22	2022
Genetics	Comparative Genomic Analysis of Closely Related Acetobacter pasteurianus Strains Provides Evidence of Horizontal Gene Transfer and Reveals Factors Necessary for Thermotolerance.	Matsutani M, Matsumoto N, Hirakawa H, Shiwa Y, Yoshikawa H, Okamoto-Kainuma A, Ishikawa M, Kataoka N, Yakushi T, Matsushita K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00553-19	2020
Metabolism	Towards control of cellulose biosynthesis by Komagataeibacter using systems-level and strain engineering strategies: current progress and perspectives.	Ryngajllo M, Jedrzejczak-Krzepkowska M, Kubiak K, Ludwicka K, Bielecki S.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-020-10671-3	2020
Phylogeny	Classification of acetic acid bacteria and their acid resistant mechanism.	Qiu X, Zhang Y, Hong H.	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-021-01189-6	2021
Metabolism	Bacterial cellulose biosynthesis: diversity of operons, subunits, products, and functions.	Romling U, Galperin MY.	Trends Microbiol	10.1016/j.tim.2015.05.005	2015
Metabolism	The pyrroloquinoline quinone synthesis genes of Gluconobacter oxydans.	Felder M, Gupta A, Verma V, Kumar A, Qazi GN, Cullum J.	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09429.x	2000
Metabolism	An efficient method using Gluconacetobacter europaeus to reduce an unfavorable flavor compound, acetoin, in rice vinegar production.	Akasaka N, Sakoda H, Hidese R, Ishii Y, Fujiwara S.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02397-13	2013
Genetics	Engineering control of bacterial cellulose production using a genetic toolkit and a new cellulose-producing strain.	Florea M, Hagemann H, Santosa G, Abbott J, Micklem CN, Spencer-Milnes X, de Arroyo Garcia L, Paschou D, Lazenbatt C, Kong D, Chughtai H, Jensen K, Freemont PS, Kitney R, Reeve B, Ellis T.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.1522985113	2016
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of glutamate decarboxylase from Lactobacillus brevis IFO 12005.	Ueno Y, Hayakawa K, Takahashi S, Oda K.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.61.1168	1997
	Cloning and Nucleotide Sequencing of the Membrane-Bound l-Sorbosone Dehydrogenase Gene of Acetobacter liquefaciens IFO 12258 and Its Expression in Gluconobacter oxydans.	Shinjoh M, Tomiyama N, Asakura A, Hoshino T.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.61.5.2069-2069b.1995	1995
Enzymology	Cloning of the Acetobacter xylinum cellulase gene and its expression in Escherichia coli and Zymomonas mobilis.	Okamoto T, Yamano S, Ikeaga H, Nakamura K.	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/bf00173921	1994
Genetics	Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of Acetobacter pasteurianus 386B, a strain well-adapted to the cocoa bean fermentation ecosystem.	Illeghems K, De Vuyst L, Weckx S.	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-14-526	2013
Pathogenicity	Factors affecting antibacterial activity of hop compounds and their derivatives.	Simpson WJ, Smith AR.	J Appl Bacteriol	10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01843.x	1992
Metabolism	Bacterial Cellulose Production from Industrial Waste and by-Product Streams.	Tsouko E, Kourmentza C, Ladakis D, Kopsahelis N, Mandala I, Papanikolaou S, Paloukis F, Alves V, Koutinas A.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms160714832	2015
	Screening Potential Probiotic Characteristics of Lactobacillus brevis Strains In Vitro and Intervention Effect on Type I Diabetes In Vivo.	Abdelazez A, Abdelmotaal H, Evivie SE, Melak S, Jia FF, Khoso MH, Zhu ZT, Zhang LJ, Sami R, Meng XC.	Biomed Res Int	10.1155/2018/7356173	2018
	Solubilization, purification and properties of membrane-bound glycerol dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter industrius.	Ameyama M, Shinagawa E, Matsushita K, Adachi O.	Agric Biol Chem	10.1080/00021369.1985.10866858	1985
	Purification, crystallization and properties of NADP+-specific glutamate dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus fermentum.	Misono H, Goto N, Nagasaki S.	Agric Biol Chem	10.1080/00021369.1985.10866676	1985
Phylogeny	New insights into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase phylogeny, evolution and ecological significance.	Nascimento FX, Rossi MJ, Soares CR, McConkey BJ, Glick BR.	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0099168	2014
	Acetic Acid Bacteria in the Food Industry: Systematics, Characteristics and Applications.	Gomes RJ, Borges MF, Rosa MF, Castro-Gomez RJH, Spinosa WA.	Food Technol Biotechnol	10.17113/ftb.56.02.18.5593	2018
Metabolism	Effect of drug transporter genes on cysteine export and overproduction in Escherichia coli.	Yamada S, Awano N, Inubushi K, Maeda E, Nakamori S, Nishino K, Yamaguchi A, Takagi H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.02507-05	2006
Enzymology	Crystal structure of 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A complexed with NADPH at 2.1-A resolution.	Khurana S, Powers DB, Anderson S, Blaber M.	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	10.1073/pnas.95.12.6768	1998
Metabolism	Involvement of two cytosolic enzymes and a novel intermediate, 5'-oxoaverantin, in the pathway from 5'-hydroxyaverantin to averufin in aflatoxin biosynthesis.	Sakuno E, Yabe K, Nakajima H.	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/aem.69.11.6418-6426.2003	2003
Enzymology	D-fructose dehydrogenase of Gluconobacter industrius: purification, characterization, and application to enzymatic microdetermination of D-fructose.	Ameyama M, Shinagawa E, Matsushita K, Adachi O.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.145.2.814-823.1981	1981
Biotechnology	Standardizing the Production and Processing of Bacterial Nanocellulose to Produce Microparticles via a Spray-Dried Method with the Potential to Be Used in the Food Industry.	Palacios-Hinestroza H, Molina-Ramirez C, Lopez-Jaramillo MC, Martinez-Galan JP, Sanchez-Osorno DM.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym17162193	2025
	Living sand: Microbial nanocellulose and chitin-rich mycelia enhance granular material properties.	Vakeri SM, Sinha A, Greca LG, Salim MH, Mabrook G, Ziyan Z, Dali MA, AlMarzooqi FA, Mettu S, Nystrom G, Tardy BL.	Carbohydr Polym	10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124361	2025
Biotechnology	Standardizing the Production and Processing of Bacterial Nanocellulose to Produce Microparticles via a Spray-Dried Method with the Potential to Be Used in the Food Industry	Palacios-Hinestroza H, Molina-Ramirez C, Lopez-Jaramillo M, Martinez-Galan J, Sanchez-Osorno D.	Polymers (Basel)		2025
	Nata de fique: A cost-effective alternative for the large-scale production of bacterial nanocellulose	Martinez E, Posada L, Botero JC, Rios-Arango JA, Zapata-Benabithe Z, Lopez S, Molina-Ramirez C, Osorio MA, Castro CI.	Industrial crops and products.		2024
	Physical Properties of Bacterial Nanocellulose as an Encapsulant Material of Vitamin B12.	Palacios-Hinestroza H, Lopez-Jaramillo MC, Martinez-Galan JP, Molina-Ramirez C, Sanchez-Osorno DM.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules30214172	2025
	Targeting Bacterial Nanocellulose Properties through Tailored Downstream Techniques.	Da Silva Pereira EH, Mojicevic M, Tas CE, Lanzagorta Garcia E, Brennan Fournet M.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym16050678	2024
	Chemical Versus Biological Approaches to the Synthesis of Lactobionic Acid: A Review	Piatek-Golda W, Osinska-Jaroszuk M, Pawlik A, Komon-Janczara E, Sulej J.	Molecules		2025
Metabolism	Involvement of an FNR-like oxygen sensor in Komagataeibacter medellinensis for survival under oxygen depletion.	Watanabe S, Shirai M, Kishi M, Ohnishi Y.	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1093/bbb/zbab121	2021
	Bacterial Nanocellulose from Komagataeibacter Medellinensis in Fique Juice for Activated Carbons Production and Its Application for Supercapacitor Electrodes.	Villarreal-Rueda J, Zapata-Benabithe Z, Posada L, Martinez E, Herrera S, Lopez S, Sobrido ABJ, Castro CI.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym15071760	2023
	Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity of Biocompatible Bacterial Cellulose Films via Dual Synergistic Action of Curcumin and Triangular Silver Nanoplates.	Garcia EL, Mojicevic M, Milivojevic D, Aleksic I, Vojnovic S, Stevanovic M, Murray J, Attallah OA, Devine D, Fournet MB.	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms232012198	2022
	Guiding Bacterial Activity for Biofabrication of Complex Materials via Controlled Wetting of Superhydrophobic Surfaces.	Greca LG, Rafiee M, Karakoc A, Lehtonen J, Mattos BD, Tardy BL, Rojas OJ.	ACS Nano	10.1021/acsnano.0c03999	2020
	Production of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) and its application as a solid support in transition metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions.	Jeremic S, Djokic L, Ajdacic V, Bozinovic N, Pavlovic V, Manojlovic DD, Babu R, Senthamaraikannan R, Rojas O, Opsenica I, Nikodinovic-Runic J.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.154	2019
Metabolism	Effects of alternative energy sources on bacterial cellulose characteristics produced by Komagataeibacter medellinensis.	Molina-Ramirez C, Enciso C, Torres-Taborda M, Zuluaga R, Ganan P, Rojas OJ, Castro C.	Int J Biol Macromol	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.195	2018
	Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Mercury Removal From Wastewater Using Bacterial Cellulose Membranes and Their Oxidized Analogue.	Suarez-Avendano D, Martinez-Correa E, Canas-Gutierrez A, Castro-Riascos M, Zuluaga-Gallego R, Ganan-Rojo P, Peresin M, Pereira M, Castro-Herazo C.	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2022.815892	2022
	Mifepristone Increases Life Span in Female Drosophila Without Detectable Antibacterial Activity.	Landis GN, Riggan L, Bell HS, Vu W, Wang T, Wang I, Tejawinata FI, Ko S, Tower J.	Front Aging	10.3389/fragi.2022.924957	2022
	Microbial dynamics and flavor formation during the traditional brewing of Monascus vinegar.	Jiang Y, Lv X, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Zheng B, Duan X, Tian Y.	Food Res Int	10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108531	2019
	Nanocelluloses Reinforced Bio-Waterborne Polyurethane.	Hormaiztegui MEV, Marin D, Ganan P, Stefani PM, Mucci V, Aranguren MI.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym13172853	2021
	Antimicrobial Functionalization of Surfaces by a Chimeric Adhesive Protein.	Pitocchi R, Pennacchio A, Zuber F, Ren Q, Notomista E, Campioni S, Nystrom G, Giardina P, Piscitelli A.	ACS Appl Bio Mater	10.1021/acsabm.4c00760	2024
	Vitamin B Complex Encapsulation in Bacterial Nanocellulose: A Novel System for Heat and Chemical Stabilization in Food Products.	Sanchez-Osorno DM, Amaya-Bustos SL, Molina-Ramirez C, Lopez-Jaramillo MC, Martinez-Galan JP.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym16212961	2024
	Development of Antimicrobial Blends of Bacteria Nanocellulose Derived from Plastic Waste and Polyhydroxybutyrate Enhanced with Essential Oils.	Da Silva Pereira EH, Nicevic M, Garcia EL, Moritz VF, Ozcelik ZE, Tas BA, Fournet MB.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym16243490	2024
	Study of PLA pre-treatment, enzymatic and model-compost degradation, and valorization of degradation products to bacterial nanocellulose.	Sourkouni G, Jeremic S, Kalogirou C, Hofft O, Nenadovic M, Jankovic V, Rajasekaran D, Pandis P, Padamati R, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Argirusis C.	World J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s11274-023-03605-4	2023
	A Review on the Interaction of Acetic Acid Bacteria and Microbes in Food Fermentation: A Microbial Ecology Perspective.	Han D, Yang Y, Guo Z, Dai S, Jiang M, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Yu Z, Wang K, Rong C, Yu Y.	Foods	10.3390/foods13162534	2024
	Estamaran date vinegar: chemical and microbial dynamics during fermentation.	Nosratabadi L, Kavousi HR, Hajimohammadi-Farimani R, Balvardi M, Yousefian S.	Braz J Microbiol	10.1007/s42770-024-01354-6	2024
	Modulating the Release Kinetics of Natural Product Actinomycin from Bacterial Nanocellulose Films and Their Antimicrobial Activity.	Zimowska K, Filipovic V, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Simic J, Ilic-Tomic T, Zimowska M, Gurgul J, Ponjavic M.	Bioengineering (Basel)	10.3390/bioengineering11080847	2024
	Ecologically Modified Leather of Bacterial Origin.	Lisowski D, Bielecki S, Cichosz S, Masek A.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma17112783	2024
	Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Bacterial Nanocellulose Production and Structure Using the Low pH Resistant Strain Komagataeibacter Medellinensis.	Molina-Ramirez C, Castro M, Osorio M, Torres-Taborda M, Gomez B, Zuluaga R, Gomez C, Ganan P, Rojas OJ, Castro C.	Materials (Basel)	10.3390/ma10060639	2017
	Multilayered bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide composite films for self-standing and binder-free electrode application.	Kiangkitiwan N, Wasanapiarnpong T, Srikulkit K.	Heliyon	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10327	2022
	Development of Genistein Drug Delivery Systems Based on Bacterial Nanocellulose for Potential Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: Effect of Nanocellulose Surface Modification on Genistein Adsorption.	Castano M, Martinez E, Osorio M, Castro C.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules27217201	2022
	Comparative In Vivo Biocompatibility of Cellulose-Derived and Synthetic Meshes in Subcutaneous Transplantation Models.	Peltokallio NMM, Ajdary R, Reyes G, Kankuri E, Junnila JJT, Kuure S, Meller AS, Kuula J, Raussi-Lehto E, Sariola H, Laitinen-Vapaavuori OM, Rojas OJ.	Biomacromolecules	10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00984	2024
	Scale-Up of Biosynthesis Process of Bacterial Nanocellulose.	Shavyrkina NA, Budaeva VV, Skiba EA, Mironova GF, Bychin NV, Gismatulina YA, Kashcheyeva EI, Sitnikova AE, Shilov AI, Kuznetsov PS, Sakovich GV.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym13121920	2021
	Use of Fourier Series in X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for Estimation of Crystallinity in Cellulose from Different Sources.	Montoya-Escobar N, Ospina-Acero D, Velasquez-Cock JA, Gomez-Hoyos C, Serpa Guerra A, Ganan Rojo PF, Velez Acosta LM, Escobar JP, Correa-Hincapie N, Triana-Chavez O, Zuluaga Gallego R, Stefani PM.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym14235199	2022
Phylogeny	16S rRNA in situ Hybridization Followed by Flow Cytometry for Rapid Identification of Acetic Acid Bacteria Involved in Submerged Industrial Vinegar Production.	Trcek J, Lipoglavsek L, Avgustin G.	Food Technol Biotechnol	10.17113/ftb.54.01.16.4041	2016
Enzymology	Two-Step Upcycling Process of Lignocellulose into Edible Bacterial Nanocellulose with Black Raspberry Extract as an Active Ingredient.	Ponjavic M, Filipovic V, Topakas E, Karnaouri A, Zivkovic J, Krgovic N, Mudric J, Savikin K, Nikodinovic-Runic J.	Foods	10.3390/foods12162995	2023
	Bacterial Nanocellulose as a Scaffold for In Vitro Cell Migration Assay.	Ugrin M, Dinic J, Jeremic S, Dragicevic S, Banovic Djeri B, Nikolic A.	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano11092322	2021
	Exploration of a novel and efficient source for production of bacterial nanocellulose, bioprocess optimization and characterization.	El-Naggar NE, El-Malkey SE, Abu-Saied MA, Mohammed ABA.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-22240-x	2022
	Probiotic Limosilactobacillus Reuteri (Lactobacillus Reuteri) Extends the Lifespan of Drosophila Melanogaster through Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling.	Lee HY, Lee JH, Kim SH, Jo SY, Min KJ.	Aging Dis	10.14336/ad.2023.0122	2023
Metabolism	Implication of amino acid metabolism and cell surface integrity for the thermotolerance mechanism in the thermally adapted acetic acid bacterium Acetobacter pasteurianus TH-3.	Matsumoto N, Matsutani M, Tanimoto Y, Nakanishi R, Tanaka S, Kanesaki Y, Theeragool G, Kataoka N, Yakushi T, Matsushita K.	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.00101-23	2023
Enzymology	Crystal structure of an inferred ancestral bacterial pyruvate decarboxylase.	Buddrus L, Andrews ESV, Leak DJ, Danson MJ, Arcus VL, Crennell SJ.	Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun	10.1107/s2053230x18002819	2018
	Ex Vivo and In Vivo Biocompatibility Assessment (Blood and Tissue) of Three-Dimensional Bacterial Nanocellulose Biomaterials for Soft Tissue Implants.	Osorio M, Canas A, Puerta J, Diaz L, Naranjo T, Ortiz I, Castro C.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-019-46918-x	2019
	Surface Interactions between Bacterial Nanocellulose and B-Complex Vitamins.	Sanchez-Osorno DM, Gomez-Maldonado D, Castro C, Peresin MS.	Molecules	10.3390/molecules25184041	2020
	From Nature to Lab: Sustainable Bacterial Cellulose Production and Modification with Synthetic Biology.	Potocnik V, Gorgieva S, Trcek J.	Polymers (Basel)	10.3390/polym15163466	2023
	Bacterial Cellulose (BC) and BC Composites: Production and Properties.	Volova TG, Prudnikova SV, Kiselev EG, Nemtsev IV, Vasiliev AD, Kuzmin AP, Shishatskaya EI.	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano12020192	2022
	The role of commensal microbes in the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster.	Lee HY, Lee SH, Lee JH, Lee WJ, Min KJ.	Aging (Albany NY)	10.18632/aging.102073	2019
	Bacterial nanocellulose production using Cantaloupe juice, statistical optimization and characterization.	El-Naggar NE, Mohammed ABA, El-Malkey SE.	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-022-26642-9	2023
	Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation.	Shak KPY, Pang YL, Mah SK.	Beilstein J Nanotechnol	10.3762/bjnano.9.232	2018
	The Nanofication and Functionalization of Bacterial Cellulose and Its Applications.	Choi SM, Shin EJ.	Nanomaterials (Basel)	10.3390/nano10030406	2020
Metabolism	Adaptive mutation related to cellulose producibility in Komagataeibacter medellinensis (Gluconacetobacter xylinus) NBRC 3288.	Matsutani M, Ito K, Azuma Y, Ogino H, Shirai M, Yakushi T, Matsushita K	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-015-6598-x	2015
Phylogeny	Transfer of Gluconacetobacter kakiaceti, Gluconacetobacter medellinensis and Gluconacetobacter maltaceti to the genus Komagataeibacter as Komagataeibacter kakiaceti comb. nov., Komagataeibacter medellinensis comb. nov. and Komagataeibacter maltaceti comb. nov.	Yamada Y	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.054494-0	2014
Stress	Mutations in degP and spoT Genes Mediate Response to Fermentation Stress in Thermally Adapted Strains of Acetic Acid Bacterium Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288.	Kataoka N, Matsutani M, Matsumoto N, Oda M, Mizumachi Y, Ito K, Tanaka S, Kanesaki Y, Yakushi T, Matsushita K	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2022.802010	2022
Genetics	Genome sequence and characterization of the bcs clusters for the production of nanocellulose from the low pH resistant strain Komagataeibacter medellinensis ID13488.	Hernandez-Arriaga AM, Del Cerro C, Urbina L, Eceiza A, Corcuera MA, Retegi A, Auxiliadora Prieto M	Microb Biotechnol	10.1111/1751-7915.13376	2019
Enzymology	Identifying membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria that produce lactobionic and cellobionic acids.	Kiryu T, Kiso T, Koma D, Tanaka S, Murakami H	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1080/09168451.2019.1580136	2019
	Description of Komagataeibacter melaceti sp. nov. and Komagataeibacter melomenusus sp. nov. Isolated from Apple Cider Vinegar.	Maric L, Cleenwerck I, Accetto T, Vandamme P, Trcek J.	Microorganisms	10.3390/microorganisms8081178	2020
Phylogeny	Gluconacetobacter medellinensis sp. nov., cellulose- and non-cellulose-producing acetic acid bacteria isolated from vinegar.	Castro C, Cleenwerck I, Trcek J, Zuluaga R, De Vos P, Caro G, Aguirre R, Putaux JL, Ganan P	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.043414-0	2012

References

#20215	Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M.: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. IJSEM ( DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004332 )
#27068	IJSEM 1119 2013 ( DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.043414-0 , PubMed 22729025 )
#30737	Barberan A, Caceres Velazquez H, Jones S, Fierer N.: Hiding in Plain Sight: Mining Bacterial Species Records for Phenotypic Trait Information. mSphere 2: 2017 ( DOI 10.1128/mSphere.00237-17 , PubMed 28776041 ) - originally annotated from #27068
#66792	Julia Koblitz, Joaquim Sardà, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Boyke Bunk, Jörg Overmann: Automatically annotated for the DiASPora project (Digital Approaches for the Synthesis of Poorly Accessible Biodiversity Information) .
#66794	Antje Chang, Lisa Jeske, Sandra Ulbrich, Julia Hofmann, Julia Koblitz, Ida Schomburg, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Dieter Jahn, Dietmar Schomburg: BRENDA, the ELIXIR core data resource in 2021: new developments and updates. Nucleic Acids Res. 49: D498 - D508 2020 ( DOI 10.1093/nar/gkaa1025 , PubMed 33211880 )
#69479	João F Matias Rodrigues, Janko Tackmann,Gregor Rot, Thomas SB Schmidt, Lukas Malfertheiner, Mihai Danaila,Marija Dmitrijeva, Daniela Gaio, Nicolas Näpflin and Christian von Mering. University of Zurich.: MicrobeAtlas 1.0 beta .
#124043	Isabel Schober, Julia Koblitz: Data extracted from sequence databases, automatically matched based on designation and taxonomy .
#125438	Julia Koblitz, Lorenz Christian Reimer, Rüdiger Pukall, Jörg Overmann: Predicting bacterial phenotypic traits through improved machine learning using high-quality, curated datasets. 2024 ( DOI 10.1101/2024.08.12.607695 )
#125439	Philipp Münch, René Mreches, Martin Binder, Hüseyin Anil Gündüz, Xiao-Yin To, Alice McHardy: deepG: Deep Learning for Genome Sequence Data. R package version 0.3.1 .
#126262	A. Lissin, I. Schober, J. F. Witte, H. Lüken, A. Podstawka, J. Koblitz, B. Bunk, P. Dawyndt, P. Vandamme, P. de Vos, J. Overmann, L. C. Reimer: StrainInfo—the central database for linked microbial strain identifiers. ( DOI 10.1093/database/baaf059 )

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Komagataeibacter medellinensis (NBRC 3288, Kondo 51, LMG 1693)

Name and taxonomic classification

Morphology

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