Corynebacterium glutamicum 534 | Type strain | DSM 20300, ATCC 13032, NCIB 10025, CCUG 27702, CCTM La 2336, JCM 1318, BCRC 11384, CCM 2428, CECT 4157, CGMCC 1.1886, CIP 82.8, HAMBI 2052, IAM 12435, IFO 12168, IMET 10482, IMSNU 10063, IMSNU 21196, KCCM 40245, KCTC 1445, KCTC 9097, LMG 19741, LMG 3730, NBRC 12168, NCCB 70082, NCCB 72028, NCIMB 10025, NRRL B-2784 | BacDiveID:3092

Strain identifier

BacDive ID: 3092

Type strain:

Species: Corynebacterium glutamicum

Strain Designation: 534

Culture col. no.: DSM 20300, ATCC 13032, NCIB 10025, CCUG 27702, CCTM La 2336, JCM 1318, BCRC 11384, CCM 2428, CECT 4157, CGMCC 1.1886, CIP 82.8, HAMBI 2052, IAM 12435, IFO 12168, IMET 10482, IMSNU 10063, IMSNU 21196, KCCM 40245, KCTC 1445, KCTC 9097, LMG 19741, LMG 3730, NBRC 12168, NCCB 70082, NCCB 72028, NCIMB 10025, NRRL B-2784

Strain history: CIP <- 1982, ATCC <- Kyowa Ferm. Ind. Co.: strain Ldt 534, Micrococcus glutamicus

NCBI tax ID(s): 196627 (strain), 1718 (species)

SI-ID 13629

LMG 3730, ATCC 13032, IAM 12435, JCM 1318, NCIB 10025, CCRC 11384, IFO12168, CIP 82.08, NCCB 70082, NRRL B-2784, NCCB 72028, LMD 72.28, CDBB 70, DSM 20300, CIP 82.8, CCM 2428, IMET 10482, LMG 19741, CCUG 27702, KCTC 1445, NCIMB 10025, CECT 4157, AS 1.1886, KCTC 9097, NBRC 12168, HAMBI 2052, BCRC 11384, CCT 0542, CCT 2736, NCIM 2705, IMET 10842, CGMCC 1.1886

Other strains from Corynebacterium glutamicum

C. glutamicum MB 001 (DE3), DSM 102071
C. glutamicum MB001, DSM 102070
C. glutamicum 2256, DSM 1412, ATCC 13869, NCIB ...
C. glutamicum pEthr1, LA201 (pEthr1), DSM 10150, ...
C. glutamicum DSM 20137, ATCC 15990, NCIB 10337, ...
C. glutamicum DSM 20156, ATCC 15354, NCIB 10335
C. glutamicum T 103, DSM 20163, ATCC 13745
C. glutamicum DSM 20297, ATCC 14020, NCIB 9379, ...
C. glutamicum Y-11669, DSM 20301, ATCC 13868, ...
C. glutamicum 2247, DSM 20411, ATCC 14067, DSM ...
C. glutamicum 2362, DSM 20412, ATCC 13655, NCIB ...
C. glutamicum 7, DSM 20598, ATCC 13825, CCUG ...
C. glutamicum WT(delta)AB#8, DSM 44475
C. glutamicum DSM 46307, IMET 11022, NCMB 2026, ...
C. glutamicum STI07162(IMET), IMET 07015, IMET ...
C. glutamicum STI07265(IMET), 45, IMET 7265
C. glutamicum 672-76, CIP 102670
C. glutamicum CIP 78.11
C. glutamicum CCUG 27703, ATCC 13059, CCTM La ...
C. glutamicum 66-26, DSM 5403, ATCC 21677
C. glutamicum DSM 5426, ATCC 21668, KY 10407
C. glutamicum JCM 18229

Section

Corynebacterium glutamicum 534 is an obligate aerobe, mesophilic bacterium that produces amino acids and was isolated from sewage.

amino acid production
mesophilic
obligate aerobe
16S sequence
Bacteria
genome sequence

Information on the name and the taxonomic classification. Name and taxonomic classification

	Last LPSN update	14-12-2023 (DD-MM-YYYY)
	Domain	"Bacteria"
	Phylum	*Actinomycetota*
	Class	*Actinomycetes*
	Order	*Mycobacteriales*
	Family	*Corynebacteriaceae*
	Genus	*Corynebacterium*
	Species	**Corynebacterium glutamicum**
	Full Scientific Name (LPSN)	Corynebacterium glutamicum (Kinoshita et al. 1958) Abe et al. 1967 (Approved Lists 1980)

	Synonym	"Micrococcus* glutamicus"*
	Synonym	Brevibacterium divaricatum
	Synonym	Corynebacterium lilium

Information on morphological and physiological properties Morphology

[Ref.: #119696]	Gram stain	positive
[Ref.: #69480]	Gram stain	positive Confidence in %100

[Ref.: #119696]	Cell shape	rod-shaped

[Ref.: #119696]	Motility	no
[Ref.: #69480]	Motility	no Confidence in %92.864

[Ref.: #18740]	Colony color	Deep orange
[Ref.: #18740]	Incubation period	10-14 days
[Ref.: #18740]	Cultivation medium used	ISP 2

[Ref.: #18740]	Colony color	Light ivory
[Ref.: #18740]	Incubation period	10-14 days
[Ref.: #18740]	Cultivation medium used	ISP 3

[Ref.: #18740]	Colony color	Chrome yellow
[Ref.: #18740]	Incubation period	10-14 days
[Ref.: #18740]	Cultivation medium used	ISP 6

[Ref.: #18740]	Multicellular complex forming ability	no
[Ref.: #18740]	Medium Name (multicellularity)	ISP 2

[Ref.: #18740]	Multicellular complex forming ability	no
[Ref.: #18740]	Medium Name (multicellularity)	ISP 3

[Ref.: #18740]	Multicellular complex forming ability	no
[Ref.: #18740]	Medium Name (multicellularity)	ISP 6

Multimedia content

Intellectual property rights:

© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ

Intellectual property rights:

© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ

Caption:

Medium 535a 28°C

Intellectual property rights:

© Leibniz-Institut DSMZ

Information on culture and growth conditions Culture and growth conditions

Culture medium

ISP 2

Culture medium growth

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

ISP 3

Culture medium growth

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

ISP 6

Culture medium growth

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

BHI MEDIUM (DSMZ Medium 215)

Culture medium growth

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR (DSMZ Medium 535)

Culture medium growth

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

TRYPTICASE SOY BROTH AGAR+BLOOD (DSMZ Medium 535a)

Culture medium growth

Culture medium link

Medium recipe at MediaDive

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

Culture medium

MEDIUM 29- Brain heart agar

Culture medium growth

Culture medium composition

expand / minimize

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 29

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium

CIP Medium 72

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium growth

[Ref.: #119696]

Culture medium link

Medium recipe provided by DSMZ

	Temperatures	Kind of temperature		Temperature
[Ref.: #8703]			growth	28 °C
[Ref.: #18740]			optimum	28 °C
[Ref.: #37732]			growth	30 °C
[Ref.: #67770]			growth	28 °C
[Ref.: #119696]			growth	15-37 °C
[Ref.: #119696]		no	growth	10 °C
[Ref.: #119696]		no	growth	41 °C
[Ref.: #119696]		no	growth	45 °C

[Ref.: #8703]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #18740]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #37732]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #67770]	Temperature range	mesophilic
[Ref.: #119696]	Temperature range	psychrophilic
[Ref.: #119696]	Temperature range	thermophilic

Information on physiology and metabolism Physiology and metabolism

[Ref.: #119696]

Oxygen tolerance

obligate aerobe

[Ref.: #69481]	Ability of spore formation	no Confidence in %98
[Ref.: #69480]	Ability of spore formation	no Confidence in %99.984

[Ref.: #8703]	Name of produced compound	L glutamic acid
[Ref.: #20216]	Name of produced compound	L-glutamic acid

	Halophily	Salt	Tested relation		Salt conc.
[Ref.: #18740]		NaCl		maximum	2.5	%
[Ref.: #119696]		NaCl		growth	0-6	%
[Ref.: #119696]		NaCl	no	growth	8	%
[Ref.: #119696]		NaCl	no	growth	10	%

[Ref.: #8703]	Murein short key	A31
[Ref.: #8703]	Murein types	A1gamma m-Dpm-direct

Observation

quinones: MK-9(H₂)

	Metabolite utilization	Metabolite	Utilization activity	Kind of utilization tested
[Ref.: #68371]		amygdalin ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		amygdalin ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #18740]		arabinose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #68371]		arbutin ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		arginine ChEBI	-	hydrolysis	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		cellobiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		cellulose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #68368]		citrate ChEBI	+	assimilation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		D-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-arabitol ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-fructose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-fucose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-galactose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-glucose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		D-glucose ChEBI	+	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		D-lyxose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-mannitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		D-mannitol ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E, API Coryne
[Ref.: #68371]		D-mannose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-ribose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-sorbitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-tagatose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		D-xylose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68379]		D-xylose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API Coryne
[Ref.: #68371]		erythritol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #119696]		esculin ChEBI	-	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #68371]		esculin ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68379]		esculin ChEBI	-	hydrolysis	* from API Coryne
[Ref.: #18740]		fructose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #22912]		fructose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		galactitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		gelatin ChEBI	-	hydrolysis	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		gentiobiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		gluconate ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		glucose ChEBI	+
[Ref.: #68371]		glycerol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		glycogen ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68379]		glycogen ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API Coryne
[Ref.: #119696]		hippurate ChEBI	-	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #68371]		inulin ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #22912]		L-arabinose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		L-arabinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		L-arabinose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		L-arabitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		L-fucose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		L-rhamnose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		L-rhamnose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		L-sorbose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		L-xylose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		lactose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68379]		lactose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API Coryne
[Ref.: #68368]		lysine ChEBI	-	degradation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #22912]		maltose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		maltose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		mannitol ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #22912]		mannose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		melezitose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		melibiose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		melibiose ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		methyl alpha-D-mannoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		myo-inositol ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #68368]		myo-inositol ChEBI	+	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		N-acetylglucosamine ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #22912]		nitrate ChEBI	+	reduction
[Ref.: #119696]		nitrate ChEBI	+	reduction
[Ref.: #119696]		nitrate ChEBI	-	respiration
[Ref.: #119696]		nitrite ChEBI	-	reduction
[Ref.: #68368]		ornithine ChEBI	-	degradation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		Potassium 2-ketogluconate ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68371]		Potassium 5-ketogluconate ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		raffinose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #22912]		raffinose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		raffinose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		rhamnose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #68371]		ribitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #22912]		salicin ChEBI	-	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		salicin ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		sorbitol ChEBI	-	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		starch ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		sucrose ChEBI	+
[Ref.: #22912]		sucrose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		sucrose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		sucrose ChEBI	+	fermentation	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #22912]		trehalose ChEBI	+	growth
[Ref.: #68371]		trehalose ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #68368]		tryptophan ChEBI	-	energy source	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68371]		turanose ChEBI	+	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #22912]		urea ChEBI	+	hydrolysis
[Ref.: #68368]		urea ChEBI	+	hydrolysis	* from API 20E, API Coryne
[Ref.: #68371]		xylitol ChEBI	-	builds acid from	* from API 50CH acid
[Ref.: #18740]		xylose ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #22912]		xylose ChEBI	-	growth
		Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Antibiotica	Metabolite	Antibiotic sensitivity	Antibiotic resistance
[Ref.: #119696]		0129 (2,4-Diamino-6,7-di-iso-propylpteridine phosphate)	no	yes

	Metabolite production	Metabolite	Production
[Ref.: #119696]		indole ChEBI	no
[Ref.: #67770]		L-glutamate ChEBI	yes
[Ref.: #68368]		acetoin ChEBI	yes	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68368]		hydrogen sulfide ChEBI	no	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68368]		indole ChEBI	no	* from API 20E

	Physiological tests	Metabolite	Voges-Proskauer-test	Methylred-test	Indole test
[Ref.: #119696]		acetoin ChEBI	-
[Ref.: #119696]		glucose ChEBI		+
[Ref.: #68368]		acetoin ChEBI	+			* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68368]		indole ChEBI			-	* from API 20E

	Enzymes	Enzyme	Enzyme activity	EC number
[Ref.: #119696]		alcohol dehydrogenase	-	1.1.1.1
[Ref.: #68382]		alkaline phosphatase	-	3.1.3.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]		alpha-chymotrypsin	-	3.4.21.1	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]		alpha-fucosidase	-	3.2.1.51	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]		alpha-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.22	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]		alpha-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.20	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68382]		alpha-mannosidase	-	3.2.1.24	* from API zym
[Ref.: #68368]		arginine dihydrolase	-	3.5.3.6	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #119696]		beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23
[Ref.: #68382]		beta-galactosidase	-	3.2.1.23	* from API zym, API 20E
[Ref.: #68382]		beta-glucosidase	-	3.2.1.21	* from API zym, API Coryne
[Ref.: #68382]		beta-glucuronidase	-	3.2.1.31	* from API zym
[Ref.: #119696]		caseinase	-	3.4.21.50
[Ref.: #119696]		catalase	+	1.11.1.6
[Ref.: #119696]		DNase	-
[Ref.: #119696]		gamma-glutamyltransferase	+	2.3.2.2
[Ref.: #119696]		gelatinase	-
[Ref.: #68368]		gelatinase	-		* from API 20E
[Ref.: #119696]		lecithinase	-
[Ref.: #119696]		lipase	-
[Ref.: #68382]		lipase (C 14)	-		* from API zym
[Ref.: #119696]		lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18
[Ref.: #68368]		lysine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.18	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #68382]		N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase	-	3.2.1.52	* from API zym, API Coryne
[Ref.: #119696]		ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17
[Ref.: #68368]		ornithine decarboxylase	-	4.1.1.17	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #119696]		oxidase	-
[Ref.: #119696]		phenylalanine ammonia-lyase	-	4.3.1.24
[Ref.: #119696]		protease	-
[Ref.: #68379]		pyrazinamidase	+	3.5.1.B15	* from API Coryne
[Ref.: #68382]		trypsin	-	3.4.21.4	* from API zym
[Ref.: #119696]		tryptophan deaminase	-
[Ref.: #68368]		tryptophan deaminase	-	4.1.99.1	* from API 20E
[Ref.: #119696]		tween esterase	-
[Ref.: #22912]		urease	+	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #119696]		urease	+	3.5.1.5
[Ref.: #68379]		urease	+	3.5.1.5	* from API Coryne, API 20E
		Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

Fatty acid profile

Metadata FA analysis

Reference

Fatty acid	Percentage	ECL
C16:0	29.2	16
C18:1 ω9c	26.7	17.769
Unidentified	17.6	16.299
C15:0 ISO 3OH	8.4	16.135
C15:0	4.2	15
Unidentified	3.8	14.29
Unidentified	3.2	18.144
C18:2 ω6,9c/C18:0 ANTE	2.1	17.724
C14:0	1.9	14
Unidentified	1.7	18.098
C15:0 ANTEISO	1.3	14.711

API® 20E:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	beta-GalactosidaseONPG	Arginine dihydrolaseADH (Arg)	Lysine decarboxylaseLDC (Lys)	Ornithine decarboxylaseODC	Citrate utilizationCIT	H2S productionH2S	Urease/urea hydrolysisURE	Tryptophan deaminaseTDA (Trp)	Indole productionIND	Acetoin production (Voges Proskauer test)VP	Gelatinase/gelatin hydrolysisGEL	Fermentation/oxidation of D-glucoseGLU	Fermentation/oxidation of D-mannitolMAN	Fermentation/oxidation of inositolINO	Fermentation/oxidation of sorbitolSor	Fermentation/oxidation of L-rhamnoseRHA	Fermentation/oxidation of sucroseSAC	Fermentation/oxidation of melibioseMEL	Fermentation/oxidation of amygdalinAMY	Fermentation/oxidation of L-arabinoseARA	Cytochrome oxidaseOX	Nitrite productionNO2	Reduction to N2N2	MotilityMOB	Growth on MacConkey mediumMAC	Oxidative catabolisation of D-glucoseOF-O	Fermentation of D-glucoseOF-F
[Ref.: #18740]	228	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.	not determinedn.d.

API® 50CH acid:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	ControlQ	Acid from glycerolGLY	Acid from erythritolERY	Acid from D-arabinoseDARA	Acid from L-arabinoseLARA	Acid from D-riboseRIB	Acid from D-xyloseDXYL	Acid from L-xyloseLXYL	Acid from D-adonitolADO	Acid from methyl beta-D-xylopyranosideMDX	Acid from D-galactoseGAL	Acid from D-glucoseGLU	Acid from D-fructoseFRU	Acid from D-mannoseMNE	Acid from L-sorboseSBE	Acid from L-rhamnoseRHA	Acid from dulcitolDUL	Acid from inositolINO	Acid from D-mannitolMAN	Acid from D-sorbitolSOR	Acid from methyl alpha-D-mannopyranosideMDM	Acid from methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosideMDG	Acid from N-acetyl-glucosamineNAG	Acid from amygdalinAMY	Acid from arbutinARB	Acid from esculinESC	Acid from salicinSAL	Acid from cellobioseCEL	Acid from maltoseMAL	Acid from lactoseLAC	Acid from melibioseMEL	Acid from sucroseSAC	Acid from trehaloseTRE	Acid from inulinINU	Acid from melezitoseMLZ	Acid from raffinoseRAF	Acid from starchAMD	Acid from glycogenGLYG	Acid from xylitolXLT	Acid from gentiobioseGEN	Acid from turanoseTUR	Acid from D-lyxoseLYX	Acid from D-tagatoseTAG	Acid from D-fucoseDFUC	Acid from L-fucoseLFUC	Acid from D-arabitolDARL	Acid from L-arabitolLARL	Acid from gluconateGNT	Acid from 2-Ketogluconate2KG	Acid from 5-Ketogluconate5KG
[Ref.: #119696]	12307	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-

API® Biotype100:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	ControlQ	D-glucose as carbon sourceGLU	D-fructose as carbon sourceFRU	D-galactose as carbon sourceGAL	D-trehalose as carbon sourceTRE	D-mannose as carbon sourceMNE	L-sorbose as carbon sourceSBE	D-melibiose as carbon sourceMEL	sucrose as carbon sourceSAC	D-raffinose as carbon sourceRAF	maltotriose as carbon sourceMTE	maltose as carbon sourceMAL	lactose as carbon sourceLAC	lactulose as carbon sourceLTE	1-O-methyl-beta-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGa	1-O-methyl-alpha-galactopyranoside as carbon sourceMaGa	D-cellobiose as carbon sourceCEL	gentiobiose as carbon sourceGEN	1-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as carbon sourceMbGu	esculin as carbon sourceESC	D-ribose as carbon sourceRIB	L-arabinose as carbon sourceARA	D-xylose as carbon sourceXYL	palatinose as carbon sourcePLE	L-rhamnose as carbon sourceRHA	L-fucose as carbon sourceFUC	D-melezitose as carbon sourceMLZ	D-arabitol as carbon sourceDARL	L-arabitol as carbon sourceLARL	xylitol as carbon sourceXLT	dulcitol as carbon sourceDUL	D-tagatose as carbon sourceTAG	glycerol as carbon sourceGLY	myo-inositol as carbon sourceINO	D-mannitol as carbon sourceMAN	maltitol as carbon sourceMTL	D-turanose as carbon sourceTUR	D-sorbitol as carbon sourceSOR	adonitol as carbon sourceADO	hydroxyquinoline-beta-glucuronide as carbon sourceHBG	D-lyxose as carbon sourceLYX	i-erythritol as carbon sourceERY	1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucoside as carbon sourceMDG	3-O-methyl-D-glucose as carbon source3MDG	D-saccharate as carbon sourceSAT	mucate as carbon sourceMUC	L-tartrate as carbon sourceLTAT	D-tartrate as carbon sourceDTAT	meso-tartrate as carbon sourceMTAT	D-malate as carbon sourceDMLT	L-malate as carbon sourceLMLT	cis-aconitate as carbon sourceCATE	trans-aconitate as carbon sourceTATE	tricarballylate as carbon sourceTTE	citrate as carbon sourceCIT	D-glucuronate as carbon sourceGRT	D-galacturonate as carbon sourceGAT	2-ketogluconate as carbon source2KG	5-ketogluconate as carbon source5KG	tryptophan as carbon sourceTRY	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as carbon sourceNAG	D-gluconate as carbon sourceGNT	phenylacetate as carbon sourcePAC	protocatechuate as carbon sourcePAT	4-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcepOBE	quinate as carbon sourceQAT	gentisate as carbon sourceGTE	3-hydroxybenzoate as carbon sourcemOBE	benzoate as carbon sourceBAT	3-phenylpropionate as carbon sourcePPAT	m-coumarate as carbon sourceCMT	trigonelline as carbon sourceTGE	betaine as carbon sourceBET	putrescine as carbon sourcePCE	4-aminobutyrate as carbon sourceABT	histamine as carbon sourceHIN	DL-lactate as carbon sourceLAT	caprate as carbon sourceCAP	caprylate as carbon sourceCYT	L-histidine as carbon sourceHIS	succinate as carbon sourceSUC	fumarate as carbon sourceFUM	glutarate as carbon sourceGRE	DL-glycerate as carbon sourceGYT	5-aminovalerate as carbon sourceAVT	ethanolamine as carbon sourceETN	tryptamine as carbon sourceTTN	D-glucosamine as carbon sourceGLN	itaconate as carbon sourceITA	3-hydroxybutyrate as carbon source3OBU	L-aspartate as carbon sourceAPT	L-glutamate as carbon sourceGTT	L-proline as carbon sourcePRO	D-alanine as carbon sourceDALA	L-alanine as carbon sourceLALA	L-serine as carbon sourceSER	malonate as carbon sourceMNT	propionate as carbon sourcePROP	L-tyrosine as carbon sourceTYR	2-ketoglutarate as carbon source2KT
[Ref.: #119696]	3462	not determinedn.d.	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

API® Coryne:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Reduction of nitrateNIT	PyrazinamidasePYZ	Pyrrolidonyl arylamidasePYRA	Alkaline phosphatasePAL	beta-Glucuronidasebeta GUR	beta-Galactosidasebeta GAL	alpha-Glucosidasealpha GLU	N-Acetyl-beta-Glucosidasebeta NAG	Esculin hydrolysis/beta-GlucosidaseESC	Urease/urea hydrolysisURE	Gelatinase/gelatin hydrolysisGEL	Control fermentationControl	Fermentation of D-glucoseGLU	Fermentation of D-riboseRIB	Fermentation of D-xyloseXYL	Fermentation of D-mannitolMAN	Fermentation of maltoseMAL	Fermentation of lactoseLAC	Fermentation of sucroseSAC	Fermentation of glycogenGLYG	CatalaseCAT
[Ref.: #18740]	186	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	not determinedn.d.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	not determinedn.d.
[Ref.: #8703]	4202	+	+	-	+/-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	not determinedn.d.

API® zym:

Note that the displayed test results represent raw data and therefore may deviate!

	API ID	Control	2-naphthyl phosphateAlkaline phosphatase	2-naphthyl butyrateEsterase (C 4)	2-naphtyl caprylateEsterase Lipase (C 8)	2-naphthyl myristateLipase (C 14)	L-leucyl-2-naphthylamideLeucine arylamidase	L-valyl-2-naphthylamideValine arylamidase	L-cystyl-2-naphthylamideCystine arylamidase	N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamideTrypsin	N-glutaryl-phenylalanine-2-naphthylamidealpha- Chymotrypsin	2-naphthyl phosphateAcid phosphatase	Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphateNaphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-galactpyranosidealpha- Galactosidase	2-naphthyl-betaD-galactpyranosidebeta- Galactosidase	Naphthol-AS-BI-betaD-glucuronidebeta- Glucuronidase	2-naphthyl-alphaD-glucopyranosidealpha- Glucosidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-betaD-glucopyranosidebeta- Glucosidase	1-naphthyl-N-acetyl-betaD-glucosaminideN-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase	6-Br-2-naphthyl-alphaD-mannopyranosidealpha- Mannosidase	2-naphthyl-alphaL-fucopyranosidealpha- Fucosidase
[Ref.: #18740]	315	not determinedn.d.	-	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
[Ref.: #8703]	14081	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
[Ref.: #119696]	13552	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

	Pathway	Enzyme coverage	Annotated reactions	External links
	Pathway annotation	Computationally determined by
[Ref.: #66794]	CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	butanoate fermentation	100	4 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis	100	3 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	resorcinol degradation	100	2 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	glycogen metabolism	100	5 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	coenzyme A metabolism	100	4 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	lipoate biosynthesis	100	5 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	formaldehyde oxidation	100	3 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	glycolate and glyoxylate degradation	100	6 of 6
[Ref.: #66794]	vitamin K metabolism	100	5 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	ppGpp biosynthesis	100	4 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	suberin monomers biosynthesis	100	2 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	folate polyglutamylation	100	1 of 1
[Ref.: #66794]	acetate fermentation	100	4 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	anapleurotic synthesis of oxalacetate	100	1 of 1
[Ref.: #66794]	vitamin B1 metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	phenylalanine metabolism	92.31	12 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	threonine metabolism	90	9 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	propionate fermentation	90	9 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	starch degradation	90	9 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	serine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	aspartate and asparagine metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	CO2 fixation in Crenarchaeota	88.89	8 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	chorismate metabolism	88.89	8 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	isoleucine metabolism	87.5	7 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	86.67	13 of 15
[Ref.: #66794]	palmitate biosynthesis	86.36	19 of 22
[Ref.: #66794]	citric acid cycle	85.71	12 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	photosynthesis	85.71	12 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	propanol degradation	85.71	6 of 7
[Ref.: #66794]	glutamate and glutamine metabolism	85.71	24 of 28
[Ref.: #66794]	pentose phosphate pathway	81.82	9 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	metabolism of disaccharids	81.82	9 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	methylglyoxal degradation	80	4 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	myo-inositol biosynthesis	80	8 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	flavin biosynthesis	80	12 of 15
[Ref.: #66794]	heme metabolism	78.57	11 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	valine metabolism	77.78	7 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	4-hydroxymandelate degradation	77.78	7 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	NAD metabolism	77.78	14 of 18
[Ref.: #66794]	molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis	77.78	7 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	alanine metabolism	75.86	22 of 29
[Ref.: #66794]	C4 and CAM-carbon fixation	75	6 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	sulfopterin metabolism	75	3 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	glycogen biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	lactate fermentation	75	3 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	gluconeogenesis	75	6 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	biotin biosynthesis	75	3 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	non-pathway related	73.68	28 of 38
[Ref.: #66794]	proline metabolism	72.73	8 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	glutathione metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	tetrahydrofolate metabolism	71.43	10 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	reductive acetyl coenzyme A pathway	71.43	5 of 7
[Ref.: #66794]	cardiolipin biosynthesis	71.43	5 of 7
[Ref.: #66794]	pyrimidine metabolism	71.11	32 of 45
[Ref.: #66794]	glycolysis	70.59	12 of 17
[Ref.: #66794]	Entner Doudoroff pathway	70	7 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	isoprenoid biosynthesis	69.23	18 of 26
[Ref.: #66794]	oxidative phosphorylation	68.13	62 of 91
[Ref.: #66794]	octane oxidation	66.67	2 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	acetoin degradation	66.67	2 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	d-mannose degradation	66.67	6 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	L-lactaldehyde degradation	66.67	2 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	purine metabolism	65.96	62 of 94
[Ref.: #66794]	lipid metabolism	64.52	20 of 31
[Ref.: #66794]	d-xylose degradation	63.64	7 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin diphosphate biosynthesis	62.5	5 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	ketogluconate metabolism	62.5	5 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	methionine metabolism	61.54	16 of 26
[Ref.: #66794]	urea cycle	61.54	8 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	leucine metabolism	61.54	8 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	tryptophan metabolism	60.53	23 of 38
[Ref.: #66794]	phenylacetate degradation (aerobic)	60	3 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	3-chlorocatechol degradation	60	3 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	metabolism of amino sugars and derivatives	60	3 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	gallate degradation	60	3 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	arginine metabolism	58.33	14 of 24
[Ref.: #66794]	ubiquinone biosynthesis	57.14	4 of 7
[Ref.: #66794]	cysteine metabolism	55.56	10 of 18
[Ref.: #66794]	lysine metabolism	54.76	23 of 42
[Ref.: #66794]	phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	53.85	7 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	3-phenylpropionate degradation	53.33	8 of 15
[Ref.: #66794]	histidine metabolism	51.72	15 of 29
[Ref.: #66794]	mannosylglycerate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	cis-vaccenate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	pantothenate biosynthesis	50	3 of 6
[Ref.: #66794]	dTDPLrhamnose biosynthesis	50	4 of 8
[Ref.: #66794]	cyclohexanol degradation	50	2 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	dolichol and dolichyl phosphate biosynthesis	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	kanosamine biosynthesis II	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	CMP-KDO biosynthesis	50	2 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	ethanol fermentation	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	degradation of aromatic, nitrogen containing compounds	50	6 of 12
[Ref.: #66794]	quinate degradation	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	phenylmercury acetate degradation	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	adipate degradation	50	1 of 2
[Ref.: #66794]	sulfate reduction	46.15	6 of 13
[Ref.: #66794]	vitamin B6 metabolism	45.45	5 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	phenol degradation	45	9 of 20
[Ref.: #66794]	lipid A biosynthesis	44.44	4 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	nitrate assimilation	44.44	4 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	vitamin B12 metabolism	44.12	15 of 34
[Ref.: #66794]	tyrosine metabolism	42.86	6 of 14
[Ref.: #66794]	glycine metabolism	40	4 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	coenzyme M biosynthesis	40	4 of 10
[Ref.: #66794]	glycine betaine biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	arachidonate biosynthesis	40	2 of 5
[Ref.: #66794]	degradation of pentoses	39.29	11 of 28
[Ref.: #66794]	degradation of sugar alcohols	37.5	6 of 16
[Ref.: #66794]	selenocysteine biosynthesis	33.33	2 of 6
[Ref.: #66794]	enterobactin biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	chlorophyll metabolism	33.33	6 of 18
[Ref.: #66794]	cyanate degradation	33.33	1 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	acetyl CoA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	degradation of hexoses	33.33	6 of 18
[Ref.: #66794]	IAA biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	(5R)-carbapenem carboxylate biosynthesis	33.33	1 of 3
[Ref.: #66794]	allantoin degradation	33.33	3 of 9
[Ref.: #66794]	ascorbate metabolism	31.82	7 of 22
[Ref.: #66794]	androgen and estrogen metabolism	31.25	5 of 16
[Ref.: #66794]	carotenoid biosynthesis	27.27	6 of 22
[Ref.: #66794]	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide biosynthesis	27.27	3 of 11
[Ref.: #66794]	toluene degradation	25	1 of 4
[Ref.: #66794]	degradation of sugar acids	24	6 of 25
[Ref.: #66794]	arachidonic acid metabolism	22.22	4 of 18
[Ref.: #66794]	daunorubicin biosynthesis	22.22	2 of 9
		Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

Information on isolation source, the sampling and environmental conditions Isolation, sampling and environmental information

[Ref.: #8703]	Sample type/isolated from	sewage

[Ref.: #48902]	Sample type/isolated from	Sewage

[Ref.: #67770]	Sample type/isolated from	Sewage

[Ref.: #119696]	Sample type/isolated from	Environment, Sewage
* marker position based on {}

Isolation sources categories

#Engineered

#Waste

#Wastewater

What are isolation sources categories?

Global distribution of 16S sequence X80629 (>99% sequence identity) for Corynebacterium glutamicum from Microbeatlas

Aquatic Samples	3062
Soil Samples	2743
Animal Samples	21623
Plant Samples	855
Total Samples	28283

Information on possible application of the strain and its possible interaction with e.g. potential hosts Safety information

[Ref.: #18740]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (German classification)
[Ref.: #8703]	Biosafety level	1	Risk group (German classification) According to TRBA 466
[Ref.: #119696]	Biosafety level	2	Risk group (French classification)

Information on genomic background e.g. entries in nucleic sequence databass Sequence information

16S Sequence information:

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Sequence length (bp)	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #20218]	Corynebacterium glutamicum strain DSM 20300T 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence	AF426149	625	ENA	1718 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	Corynebacterium glutamicum 16S rRNA gene, strain DSM20300T	X80629	1463	ENA	1718 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	C.glutamicum 16S ribosomal DNA	X82061	1402	ENA	1718 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	Corynebacterium glutamicum 16S rRNA gene, strain NCIB 10025	X84257	1412	ENA	1718 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #20218]	C.glutamicum gene for 16S ribosomal RNA	Z46753	1479	ENA	1718 tax ID	*

Genome sequence information:

Only first 5 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Sequence accession description	Seq. accession number	Assembly level	Sequence database	Associated NCBI tax ID
[Ref.: #67770]	Corynebacterium glutamicum BRC-JBEI 1.1.2	GCA_011761195	contig	GenBank	1718 tax ID
[Ref.: #66792]	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032	GCA_027569975	complete	GenBank	1718 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032	GCA_000011325	complete	GenBank	196627 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 DSM 20300 = ATCC 13032	GCA_000196335	complete	GenBank	196627 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032	196627.14	complete	PATRIC	196627 tax ID	*
[Ref.: #66792]	Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 (Prj:307)	196627.13	complete	PATRIC	196627 tax ID	*

[Ref.: #8703]	GC-content	55.0 mol%	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)
[Ref.: #8703]	GC-content	53.4 mol%
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	54.6 mol%	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	54.3 mol%	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	56.8 mol%
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	53.8 mol%	genome sequence analysis
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	55 mol%	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
[Ref.: #67770]	GC-content	53.4 mol%	thermal denaturation, midpoint method (Tm)

Data predicted using genome information as a basis Genome-based predictions

	Trait	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
	Predictions from GenomeNet Sporulation v. 1 based on: Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 DSM 20300 = ATCC 13032 NCBI: GCA_000196335.1
[Ref.: #69481]	spore-forming	no	98	no

	Trait	Prediction	Confidence in %	In training data
	Predictions from Diaspora project based on: Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 ATCC 13032 NCBI: GCA_000011325.1
[Ref.: #69480]	motile	no	92.492	no
[Ref.: #69480]	flagellated	no	96.696	no
[Ref.: #69480]	gram-positive	yes	87.59	no
[Ref.: #69480]	anaerobic	no	99.227	no
[Ref.: #69480]	halophile	yes	64.784	no
[Ref.: #69480]	spore-forming	no	92.154	no
[Ref.: #69480]	thermophile	no	98.235	no
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-util	yes	86.709	yes
[Ref.: #69480]	aerobic	yes	69.993	no
[Ref.: #69480]	glucose-ferment	yes	72.055	yes

Availability in culture collections External links

Culture collection no.

DSM 20300, ATCC 13032, NCIB 10025, CCUG 27702, CCTM La 2336, JCM 1318, BCRC 11384, CCM 2428, CECT 4157, CGMCC 1.1886, CIP 82.8, HAMBI 2052, IAM 12435, IFO 12168, IMET 10482, IMSNU 10063, IMSNU 21196, KCCM 40245, KCTC 1445, KCTC 9097, LMG 19741, LMG 3730, NBRC 12168, NCCB 70082, NCCB 72028, NCIMB 10025, NRRL B-2784

SI-ID 13629

*

Literature:

Only first 10 entries are displayed. Click here to see all.

	Title	Authors	Journal	DOI	Year
Metabolism	Hot isopropanol quenching procedure for automated microtiter plate scale (13)C-labeling experiments.	Niesser J, Muller MF, Kappelmann J, Wiechert W, Noack S	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-022-01806-4	2022	*
Biotechnology	Acetate-based production of itaconic acid with Corynebacterium glutamicum using an integrated pH-coupled feeding control.	Merkel M, Kiefer D, Schmollack M, Blombach B, Lilge L, Henkel M, Hausmann R	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126994	2022	*
Cultivation	High cell density cultivation of Corynebacterium glutamicum on bio-based lignocellulosic acetate using pH-coupled online feeding control.	Kiefer D, Merkel M, Lilge L, Hausmann R, Henkel M	Bioresour Technol	10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125666	2021	*
Enzymology	Effect of Clp protease from Corynebacterium glutamicum on heterologous protein expression.	Liu X, Meng L, Wang X, Yang Y, Bai Z	Protein Expr Purif	10.1016/j.pep.2021.105928	2021	*
Genetics	Genome Sequence of the Bacteriophage CL31 and Interaction with the Host Strain Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Hunnefeld M, Viets U, Sharma V, Wirtz A, Hardy A, Frunzke J	Viruses	10.3390/v13030495	2021	*
Biotechnology	Improving diacetyl production in Corynebacterium glutamicum via modifying respiratory chain.	Chen C, Cui Z, Zhao J, Li S, Ren X, Chen T, Wang Z	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.014	2021	*
Genetics	A Set of Active Promoters with Different Activity Profiles for Superexpressing Rhodococcus Strain.	Shemyakina AO, Grechishnikova EG, Novikov AD, Asachenko AF, Kalinina TI, Lavrov KV, Yanenko AS	ACS Synth Biol	10.1021/acssynbio.0c00508	2021	*
Metabolism	Elongation factor P is required for EII(Glc) translation in Corynebacterium glutamicum due to an essential polyproline motif.	Pinheiro B, Petrov DP, Guo L, Martins GB, Bramkamp M, Jung K	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/mmi.14618	2020	*
Enzymology	Application of RecET-Cre/loxP system in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC14067 for L-leucine production.	Luo G, Zhao N, Jiang S, Zheng S	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-020-03000-1	2020	*
Genetics	Complete and Draft Genome Sequences of Amino Acid-Producing Corynebacterium glutamicum Strains ATCC 21799 and ATCC 31831 and Their Genomic Islands.	Kawaguchi H, Sazuka T, Kondo A	Microbiol Resour Announc	10.1128/MRA.00430-20	2020	*
Metabolism	Obtaining a series of native gradient promoter-5'-UTR sequences in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Li N, Zeng W, Xu S, Zhou J	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-020-01376-3	2020	*
Biotechnology	[gamma-Polyglutamic acid production in Corynebacterium glutamicum using sugar by one-step fermentation].	Cheng H, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Cao R, Xu G, Zhang X, Shi J, Xu Z	Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao	10.13345/j.cjb.190071	2020	*
Genetics	Homing endonuclease I-SceI-mediated Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 genome engineering.	Wu M, Xu Y, Yang J, Shang G	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-020-10517-y	2020	*
Biotechnology	Improvement of l-arginine production by in silico genome-scale metabolic network model guided genetic engineering.	Huang M, Zhao Y, Li R, Huang W, Chen X	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-020-2114-9	2020	*
Phylogeny	Corynebacterium suranareeae sp. nov., a glutamate producing bacterium isolated from soil and its complete genome-based analysis.	Nantapong N, Matsutani M, Kanchanasin P, Kataoka N, Paisrisan P, Matsushita K, Tanasupawat S	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.003993	2020	*
Biotechnology	Production of tetra-methylpyrazine using engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Eng T, Sasaki Y, Herbert RA, Lau A, Trinh J, Chen Y, Mirsiaghi M, Petzold CJ, Mukhopadhyay A	Metab Eng Commun	10.1016/j.mec.2019.e00115	2019	*
Metabolism	Insights into the biochemical and functional characterization of sortase E transpeptidase of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Susmitha A, Nampoothiri KM, Bajaj H	Biochem J	10.1042/BCJ20190812	2019	*
Metabolism	Efficient fermentative production of L-theanine by Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Ma H, Fan X, Cai N, Zhang D, Zhao G, Wang T, Su R, Yuan M, Ma Q, Zhang C, Xu Q, Xie X, Chen N, Li Y	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-019-10255-w	2019	*
Biotechnology	Production of lycopene by metabolically engineered Pichia pastoris.	Zhang X, Wang D, Duan Y, Zheng X, Lin Y, Liang S	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1080/09168451.2019.1693250	2019	*
Metabolism	Engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum for the de novo biosynthesis of tailored poly-gamma-glutamic acid.	Xu G, Zha J, Cheng H, Ibrahim MHA, Yang F, Dalton H, Cao R, Zhu Y, Fang J, Chi K, Zheng P, Zhang X, Shi J, Xu Z, Gross RA, Koffas MAG	Metab Eng	10.1016/j.ymben.2019.08.011	2019	*
Metabolism	High-density immobilization of a ginsenoside-transforming beta-glucosidase for enhanced food-grade production of minor ginsenosides.	Cui CH, Jeon BM, Fu Y, Im WT, Kim SC	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-019-09951-4	2019	*
Enzymology	Quantitative differential monitoring of the metabolic activity of Corynebacterium glutamicum cultures utilizing a light-addressable potentiometric sensor system.	Dantism S, Rohlen D, Selmer T, Wagner T, Wagner P, Schoning MJ	Biosens Bioelectron	10.1016/j.bios.2019.111332	2019	*
Metabolism	Sweet As Sugar-Efficient Conversion of Lactose into Sweet Sugars Using a Novel Whole-Cell Catalyst.	Shen J, Chen J, Jensen PR, Solem C	J Agric Food Chem	10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01529	2019	*
Pathogenicity	Development of a secretory expression system with high compatibility between expression elements and an optimized host for endoxylanase production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Zhang W, Yang Y, Liu X, Liu C, Bai Z	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-019-1116-y	2019	*
Biotechnology	Engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum to produce the biogasoline isopentenol from plant biomass hydrolysates.	Sasaki Y, Eng T, Herbert RA, Trinh J, Chen Y, Rodriguez A, Gladden J, Simmons BA, Petzold CJ, Mukhopadhyay A	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-019-1381-3	2019	*
Stress	Overlap of Promoter Recognition Specificity of Stress Response Sigma Factors SigD and SigH in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Dostalova H, Busche T, Holatko J, Rucka L, Stepanek V, Barvik I, Nesvera J, Kalinowski J, Patek M	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2018.03287	2019	*
Genetics	Comparative Genomic and Genetic Functional Analysis of Industrial L-Leucine- and L-Valine-Producing Corynebacterium glutamicum Strains.	Ma Y, Chen Q, Cui Y, Du L, Shi T, Xu Q, Ma Q, Xie X, Chen N	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.1805.05013	2018	*
Enzymology	Enhancing thermostability and removing hemin inhibition of Rhodopseudomonas palustris 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase by computer-aided rational design.	Tan Z, Zhao J, Chen J, Rao D, Zhou W, Chen N, Zheng P, Sun J, Ma Y	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-018-2627-z	2018	*
Metabolism	Identification and application of a growth-regulated promoter for improving L-valine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Ma Y, Cui Y, Du L, Liu X, Xie X, Chen N	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-018-1031-7	2018	*
Biotechnology	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for anthocyanin production.	Zha J, Zang Y, Mattozzi M, Plassmeier J, Gupta M, Wu X, Clarkson S, Koffas MAG	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-018-0990-z	2018	*
Metabolism	Rational engineering of the shikimate and related pathways in Corynebacterium glutamicum for 4-hydroxybenzoate production.	Syukur Purwanto H, Kang MS, Ferrer L, Han SS, Lee JY, Kim HS, Lee JH	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.016	2018	*
Metabolism	Comprehensive optimization of the metabolomic methodology for metabolite profiling of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Zhang Q, Zheng X, Wang Y, Yu J, Zhang Z, Dele-Osibanjo T, Zheng P, Sun J, Jia S, Ma Y	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-018-9095-1	2018	*
Phylogeny	Complete nucleotide sequences and annotations of phi673 and phi674, two newly characterised lytic phages of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Yomantas YAV, Abalakina EG, Lobanova JS, Mamontov VA, Stoynova NV, Mashko SV	Arch Virol	10.1007/s00705-018-3867-x	2018	*
Phenotype	Genetic variation during long-term preservation of bacteria in public culture collections.	Sakurai K, Kawasaki H	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.002717	2018	*
Genetics	Adaptive laboratory evolution of Corynebacterium glutamicum towards higher growth rates on glucose minimal medium.	Pfeifer E, Gatgens C, Polen T, Frunzke J	Sci Rep	10.1038/s41598-017-17014-9	2017	*
Metabolism	Effect of lysine succinylation on the regulation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase inhibitor, OdhI, involved in glutamate production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Komine-Abe A, Nagano-Shoji M, Kubo S, Kawasaki H, Yoshida M, Nishiyama M, Kosono S	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1080/09168451.2017.1372182	2017	*
Metabolism	Bioprocess engineering to produce 9-(nonanoyloxy) nonanoic acid by a recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum-based biocatalyst.	Kim H, Park S, Cho S, Yang J, Jeong K, Park J, Lee J	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-017-1945-9	2017	*
Phylogeny	Corynebacterium defluvii sp. nov., isolated from Sewage.	Yu QL, Yan ZF, He X, Tian FH, Jia CW, Li CT	J Microbiol	10.1007/s12275-017-6592-3	2017	*
Enzymology	Analysis of strain-specific genes in glutamic acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum AJ 1511.	Nishio Y, Koseki C, Tonouchi N, Matsui K, Sugimoto S, Usuda Y	J Gen Appl Microbiol	10.2323/jgam.2016.09.004	2017	*
Metabolism	Inactivation of genes involved in base excision repair of Corynebacterium glutamicum and survival of the mutants in presence of various mutagens.	Kautzmann F, Altenbuchner J	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-017-1377-y	2017	*
Metabolism	A novel genetic tool for metabolic optimization of Corynebacterium glutamicum: efficient and repetitive chromosomal integration of synthetic promoter-driven expression libraries.	Shen J, Chen J, Jensen PR, Solem C	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-017-8222-8	2017	*
Metabolism	Mutagenesis and redox partners analysis of the P450 fatty acid decarboxylase OleTJE.	Fang B, Xu H, Liu Y, Qi F, Zhang W, Chen H, Wang C, Wang Y, Yang W, Li S	Sci Rep	10.1038/srep44258	2017	*
Metabolism	Expansion of the substrate range of the gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum for the conversion of monohydroxylated benzoates.	Eppinger E, Stolz A	Protein Eng Des Sel	10.1093/protein/gzw061	2016	*
Metabolism	Boosting Anaplerotic Reactions by Pyruvate Kinase Gene Deletion and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Desensitization for Glutamic Acid and Lysine Production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yokota A, Sawada K, Wada M	Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol	10.1007/10_2016_31	2017	*
Enzymology	Development of a genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain for plasmid transformation in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Li H, Zhang L, Guo W, Xu D	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/j.mimet.2016.10.019	2016	*
Enzymology	Overexpression of methionine adenosyltransferase in Corynebacterium glutamicum for production of S-adenosyl-l-methionine.	Han G, Hu X, Wang X	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1002/bab.1425	2015	*
Phylogeny	Corynebacterium crudilactis sp. nov., isolated from raw cow's milk.	Zimmermann J, Ruckert C, Kalinowski J, Lipski A	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijsem.0.001509	2016	*
Genetics	Silencing of cryptic prophages in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Pfeifer E, Hunnefeld M, Popa O, Polen T, Kohlheyer D, Baumgart M, Frunzke J	Nucleic Acids Res	10.1093/nar/gkw692	2016	*
Phylogeny	Biotypes analysis of Corynebacterium glutamicum growing in dicarboxylic acids demonstrates the existence of industrially-relevant intra-species variations.	Perez-Garcia F, Vasco-Cardenas MF, Barreiro C	J Proteomics	10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.030	2016	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for methionine production by removing feedback inhibition and increasing NADPH level.	Li Y, Cong H, Liu B, Song J, Sun X, Zhang J, Yang Q	Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek	10.1007/s10482-016-0719-0	2016	*
Metabolism	Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for xylitol production from lignocellulosic pentose sugars.	Dhar KS, Wendisch VF, Nampoothiri KM	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.011	2016	*
Transcriptome	Transcriptome and Gene Ontology (GO) Enrichment Analysis Reveals Genes Involved in Biotin Metabolism That Affect L-Lysine Production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Kim HI, Kim JH, Park YJ	Int J Mol Sci	10.3390/ijms17030353	2016	*
Metabolism	Pyruvate kinase deletion as an effective phenotype to enhance lysine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032: Redirecting the carbon flow to a precursor metabolite.	Yanase M, Aikoh T, Sawada K, Ogura K, Hagiwara T, Imai K, Wada M, Yokota A	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.12.023	2016	*
Metabolism	Adaptive evolution and metabolic engineering of a cellobiose- and xylose- negative Corynebacterium glutamicum that co-utilizes cellobiose and xylose.	Lee J, Saddler JN, Um Y, Woo HM	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-016-0420-z	2016	*
Genetics	Complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum CP, a Chinese l-leucine producing strain.	Gui Y, Ma Y, Xu Q, Zhang C, Xie X, Chen N	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.01.010	2016	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 to produce S-adenosyl-L-methionine.	Han G, Hu X, Qin T, Li Y, Wang X	Enzyme Microb Technol	10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.11.001	2015	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for efficient production of 5-aminolevulinic acid.	Feng L, Zhang Y, Fu J, Mao Y, Chen T, Zhao X, Wang Z	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.25886	2015	*
Metabolism	Corynebacterium glutamicum ggtB encodes a functional gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with gamma-glutamyl dipeptide synthetic and hydrolytic activity.	Walter F, Grenz S, Ortseifen V, Persicke M, Kalinowski J	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.10.019	2015	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of a laboratory-evolved Thermobifida fusca muC strain for malic acid production on cellulose and minimal treated lignocellulosic biomass.	Deng Y, Mao Y, Zhang X	Biotechnol Prog	10.1002/btpr.2180	2016	*
Metabolism	Co-production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and L-isoleucine in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Han G, Hu X, Wang X	Enzyme Microb Technol	10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.06.003	2015	*
Metabolism	Effects of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase desensitization on glutamic acid production in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Wada M, Sawada K, Ogura K, Shimono Y, Hagiwara T, Sugimoto M, Onuki A, Yokota A	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.06.008	2015	*
Metabolism	Development of a new platform for secretory production of recombinant proteins in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yim SS, Choi JW, Lee RJ, Lee YJ, Lee SH, Kim SY, Jeong KJ	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.25692	2015	*
Biotechnology	Effect of pyruvate kinase gene deletion on the physiology of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 under biotin-sufficient non-glutamate-producing conditions: Enhanced biomass production.	Sawada K, Wada M, Hagiwara T, Zen-In S, Imai K, Yokota A	Metab Eng Commun	10.1016/j.meteno.2015.07.001	2015	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the production of itaconate.	Otten A, Brocker M, Bott M	Metab Eng	10.1016/j.ymben.2015.06.003	2015	*
Phylogeny	CMRegNet-An interspecies reference database for corynebacterial and mycobacterial regulatory networks.	Abreu VA, Almeida S, Tiwari S, Hassan SS, Mariano D, Silva A, Baumbach J, Azevedo V, Rottger R	BMC Genomics	10.1186/s12864-015-1631-0	2015	*
Metabolism	Characterization of a flavin-containing monooxygenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum and its application to production of indigo and indirubin.	Ameria SP, Jung HS, Kim HS, Han SS, Kim HS, Lee JH	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-015-1824-2	2015	*
Metabolism	A TatABC-type Tat translocase is required for unimpaired aerobic growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032.	Oertel D, Schmitz S, Freudl R	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0123413	2015	*
Metabolism	Deletion of odhA or pyc improves production of gamma-aminobutyric acid and its precursor L-glutamate in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Wang N, Ni Y, Shi F	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-015-1822-4	2015	*
Metabolism	The manganese-responsive regulator MntR represses transcription of a predicted ZIP family metal ion transporter in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Baumgart M, Frunzke J	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1093/femsle/fnu001	2014	*
Metabolism	Biotransformation of oleic acid into 10-ketostearic acid by recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum-based biocatalyst.	Lee B, Lee S, Kim H, Jeong K, Park J, Lee E, Lee J	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-015-1775-7	2015	*
Metabolism	Whole Cell Bioconversion of Ricinoleic Acid to 12-Ketooleic Acid by Recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum-Based Biocatalyst.	Lee BH, Lee SB, Kim HS, Jeong KJ, Park JY, Park KM, Lee JW	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.1501.01001	2015	*
Metabolism	Implication of ornithine acetyltransferase activity on l-ornithine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hao N, Mu J, Hu N, Xu S, Shen P, Yan M, Li Y, Xu L	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1002/bab.1353	2015	*
Biotechnology	Comparative studies for the biotechnological production of L-Lysine by immobilized cells of wild-type Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 and mutant MH 20-22 B.	Razak MA, Viswanath B	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-015-0275-8	2015	*
Metabolism	Improvement of L-citrulline production in Corynebacterium glutamicum by ornithine acetyltransferase.	Hao N, Mu J, Hu N, Xu S, Yan M, Li Y, Guo K, Xu L	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-014-1561-x	2014	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum strain ATCC13032 to produce L-methionine.	Qin T, Hu X, Hu J, Wang X	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1002/bab.1290	2014	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the production of L-ornithine.	Kim SY, Lee J, Lee SY	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.25440	2014	*
Genetics	Chassis organism from Corynebacterium glutamicum--a top-down approach to identify and delete irrelevant gene clusters.	Unthan S, Baumgart M, Radek A, Herbst M, Siebert D, Bruhl N, Bartsch A, Bott M, Wiechert W, Marin K, Hans S, Kramer R, Seibold G, Frunzke J, Kalinowski J, Ruckert C, Wendisch VF, Noack S	Biotechnol J	10.1002/biot.201400041	2014	*
Metabolism	Detoxification of furfural in Corynebacterium glutamicum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.	Tsuge Y, Hori Y, Kudou M, Ishii J, Hasunuma T, Kondo A	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-014-5924-z	2014	*
Pathogenicity	Transcriptional response of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 to hydrogen peroxide stress and characterization of the OxyR regulon.	Milse J, Petri K, Ruckert C, Kalinowski J	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.452	2014	*
Metabolism	Oligonucleotide recombination in corynebacteria without the expression of exogenous recombinases.	Krylov AA, Kolontaevsky EE, Mashko SV	J Microbiol Methods	10.1016/j.mimet.2014.07.028	2014	*
Metabolism	Enhanced acetic acid and succinic acid production under microaerobic conditions by Corynebacterium glutamicum harboring Escherichia coli transhydrogenase gene pntAB.	Yamauchi Y, Hirasawa T, Nishii M, Furusawa C, Shimizu H	J Gen Appl Microbiol	10.2323/jgam.60.112	2014	*
Biotechnology	Rapid assessment of oxygen transfer impact for Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Kass F, Prasad A, Tillack J, Moch M, Giese H, Buchs J, Wiechert W, Oldiges M	Bioprocess Biosyst Eng	10.1007/s00449-014-1234-1	2014	*
Enzymology	Directed evolution and mutagenesis of glutamate decarboxylase from Lactobacillus brevis Lb85 to broaden the range of its activity toward a near-neutral pH.	Shi F, Xie Y, Jiang J, Wang N, Li Y, Wang X	Enzyme Microb Technol	10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.04.012	2014	*
Enzymology	Engineered cytidine triphosphate synthetase with reduced product inhibition.	Zhu M, Sun W, Wang Y, Meng J, Zhang D, Guo T, Ouyang P, Ying H, Xie J	Protein Eng Des Sel	10.1093/protein/gzu019	2014	*
Metabolism	Pupylated proteins in Corynebacterium glutamicum revealed by MudPIT analysis.	Kuberl A, Franzel B, Eggeling L, Polen T, Wolters DA, Bott M	Proteomics	10.1002/pmic.201300531	2014	*
Metabolism	Identification and methionine analog tolerance of environmental bacterial isolates selected on methionine analog containing medium.	Saengkerdsub S, Muthaiyan A, Lingbeck JM, O'Bryan CA, Crandall PG, Ricke SC	J Environ Sci Health B	10.1080/03601234.2014.868668	2014	*
Metabolism	Process inhomogeneity leads to rapid side product turnover in cultivation of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Kass F, Junne S, Neubauer P, Wiechert W, Oldiges M	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/1475-2859-13-6	2014	*
Transcriptome	Next-generation sequencing-based transcriptome analysis of L-lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 21300 strain.	Kim HI, Nam JY, Cho JY, Lee CS, Park YJ	J Microbiol	10.1007/s12275-013-3236-0	2013	*
Enzymology	Production and glucosylation of C50 and C 40 carotenoids by metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Heider SA, Peters-Wendisch P, Netzer R, Stafnes M, Brautaset T, Wendisch VF	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-013-5359-y	2013	*
Metabolism	Analysis of SOS-induced spontaneous prophage induction in Corynebacterium glutamicum at the single-cell level.	Nanda AM, Heyer A, Kramer C, Grunberger A, Kohlheyer D, Frunzke J	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.01018-13	2013	*
Metabolism	Elucidation of the regulation of ethanol catabolic genes and ptsG using a glxR and adenylate cyclase gene (cyaB) deletion mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Subhadra B, Lee JK	J Microbiol Biotechnol	10.4014/jmb.1310.10031	2013	*
Metabolism	Comprehensive discovery and characterization of small RNAs in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Mentz A, Neshat A, Pfeifer-Sancar K, Puhler A, Ruckert C, Kalinowski J	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-14-714	2013	*
Biotechnology	Construction of a prophage-free variant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 for use as a platform strain for basic research and industrial biotechnology.	Baumgart M, Unthan S, Ruckert C, Sivalingam J, Grunberger A, Kalinowski J, Bott M, Noack S, Frunzke J	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.01634-13	2013	*
Metabolism	Conversion of Corynebacterium glutamicum from an aerobic respiring to an aerobic fermenting bacterium by inactivation of the respiratory chain.	Koch-Koerfges A, Pfelzer N, Platzen L, Oldiges M, Bott M	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.02.004	2013	*
Metabolism	Phosphotransferase system-mediated glucose uptake is repressed in phosphoglucoisomerase-deficient Corynebacterium glutamicum strains.	Lindner SN, Petrov DP, Hagmann CT, Henrich A, Kramer R, Eikmanns BJ, Wendisch VF, Seibold GM	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.03231-12	2013	*
Metabolism	Non-invasive online detection of microbial lysine formation in stirred tank bioreactors by using calorespirometry.	Regestein L, Maskow T, Tack A, Knabben I, Wunderlich M, Lerchner J, Buchs J	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.24815	2013	*
Genetics	Next-generation sequencing-based genome-wide mutation analysis of L-lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 21300 strain.	Lee CS, Nam JY, Son ES, Kwon OC, Han W, Cho JY, Park YJ	J Microbiol	10.1007/s12275-012-2109-2	2012	*
Metabolism	Biochemical and molecular characterization of the gentisate transporter GenK in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Xu Y, Wang SH, Chao HJ, Liu SJ, Zhou NY	PLoS One	10.1371/journal.pone.0038701	2012	*
Metabolism	Corynebacterium glutamicum harbours a molybdenum cofactor-dependent formate dehydrogenase which alleviates growth inhibition in the presence of formate.	Witthoff S, Eggeling L, Bott M, Polen T	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.059196-0	2012	*
Metabolism	Phenylacetic acid catabolism and its transcriptional regulation in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Chen X, Kohl TA, Ruckert C, Rodionov DA, Li LH, Ding JY, Kalinowski J, Liu SJ	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.01588-12	2012	*
Metabolism	Metabolic engineering and flux analysis of Corynebacterium glutamicum for L-serine production.	Lai S, Zhang Y, Liu S, Liang Y, Shang X, Chai X, Wen T	Sci China Life Sci	10.1007/s11427-012-4304-0	2012	*
Metabolism	(L)-Valine production with minimization of by-products' synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum and Brevibacterium flavum.	Hou X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Qian H, Zhang W	Amino Acids	10.1007/s00726-012-1308-9	2012	*
Metabolism	Two-component signal transduction in Corynebacterium glutamicum and other corynebacteria: on the way towards stimuli and targets.	Bott M, Brocker M	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-012-4060-x	2012	*
Metabolism	Toward homosuccinate fermentation: metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for anaerobic production of succinate from glucose and formate.	Litsanov B, Brocker M, Bott M	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.07790-11	2012	*
Metabolism	Regulation of the malic enzyme gene malE by the transcriptional regulator MalR in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Krause JP, Polen T, Youn JW, Emer D, Eikmanns BJ, Wendisch VF	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.01.003	2012	*
Metabolism	The gene encoding the alternative thymidylate synthase ThyX is regulated by sigma factor SigB in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Cho S, Yang S, Rhie H	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02494.x	2012	*
Enzymology	Enzymatic synthesis of S-adenosylhomocysteine: immobilization of recombinant S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase from Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC 13032).	Lozada-Ramirez JD, Sanchez-Ferrer A, Garcia-Carmona F	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-011-3769-2	2011	*
Metabolism	Mechanism of increased respiration in an H+-ATPase-defective mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Sawada K, Kato Y, Imai K, Li L, Wada M, Matsushita K, Yokota A	J Biosci Bioeng	10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.11.021	2011	*
Metabolism	Negative transcriptional control of biotin metabolism genes by the TetR-type regulator BioQ in biotin-auxotrophic Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Brune I, Gotker S, Schneider J, Rodionov DA, Tauch A	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.12.001	2011	*
Metabolism	Site-directed mutagenesis studies on the L-arginine-binding sites of feedback inhibition in N-acetyl-L-glutamate kinase (NAGK) from Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Xu M, Rao Z, Dou W, Jin J, Xu Z	Curr Microbiol	10.1007/s00284-011-0042-y	2011	*
Metabolism	Physiology and global gene expression of a Corynebacterium glutamicum DeltaF(1)F(O)-ATP synthase mutant devoid of oxidative phosphorylation.	Koch-Koerfges A, Kabus A, Ochrombel I, Marin K, Bott M	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.10.006	2011	*
Genetics	Genome sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114, a strain for industrial production of glutamate.	Lv Y, Wu Z, Han S, Lin Y, Zheng S	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.06074-11	2011	*
Enzymology	Synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid by expressing Lactobacillus brevis-derived glutamate decarboxylase in the Corynebacterium glutamicum strain ATCC 13032.	Shi F, Li Y	Biotechnol Lett	10.1007/s10529-011-0723-4	2011	*
Phylogeny	Corynebacterium deserti sp. nov., isolated from desert sand.	Zhou Z, Yuan M, Tang R, Chen M, Lin M, Zhang W	Int J Syst Evol Microbiol	10.1099/ijs.0.030429-0	2011	*
Metabolism	Kinetic characterisation of recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum NAD+-dependent LDH over-expressed in E. coli and its rescue of an lldD- phenotype in C. glutamicum: the issue of reversibility re-examined.	Sharkey MA, Maher MA, Guyonvarch A, Engel PC	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-011-0711-z	2011	*
Metabolism	Mixed glucose and lactate uptake by Corynebacterium glutamicum through metabolic engineering.	Neuner A, Heinzle E	Biotechnol J	10.1002/biot.201000307	2011	*
Transcriptome	[Corynebacterium pekinense transketolase: gene cloning, sequence analysis and expression].	Ji W, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ding J	Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao		2010	*
Biotechnology	The effect of AmtR on growth and amino acids production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hao N, Yan M, Zhou H, Liu HM, Cai P, Ouyang PK	Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol		2010	*
Metabolism	Detection of D-ornithine extracellularly produced by Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032::argF.	Matsui D, Oikawa T	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.100523	2010	*
Metabolism	Quinone-dependent D-lactate dehydrogenase Dld (Cg1027) is essential for growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum on D-lactate.	Kato O, Youn JW, Stansen KC, Matsui D, Oikawa T, Wendisch VF	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-10-321	2010	*
Metabolism	Positive transcriptional control of the pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis genes pdxST by the MocR-type regulator PdxR of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Jochmann N, Gotker S, Tauch A	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.044818-0	2010	*
Cultivation	Size exclusion chromatography: an improved method to harvest Corynebacterium glutamicum cells for the analysis of cytosolic metabolites.	Persicke M, Plassmeier J, Neuweger H, Ruckert C, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.016	2010	*
Enzymology	Purification and characterization of the ncgl2923 -encoded 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yang YF, Zhang JJ, Wang SH, Zhou NY	J Basic Microbiol	10.1002/jobm.201000053	2010	*
Metabolism	Quantitative proteomic overview on the Corynebacterium glutamicuml-lysine producing strain DM1730.	Franzel B, Poetsch A, Trotschel C, Persicke M, Kalinowski J, Wolters DA	J Proteomics	10.1016/j.jprot.2010.07.006	2010	*
Metabolism	Alternative thymidylate synthase, ThyX, involved in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 survival during stationary growth phase.	Park M, Cho S, Lee H, Sibley CH, Rhie H	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01971.x	2010	*
Enzymology	Identification of a suppressor gene for the arginine-auxotrophic argJ mutation in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hwang GH, Cho JY	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-010-0760-3	2010	*
Metabolism	Functional characterization of the glxR deletion mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032: involvement of GlxR in acetate metabolism and carbon catabolite repression.	Park SY, Moon MW, Subhadra B, Lee JK	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01884.x	2010	*
Metabolism	Metabolic changes in a pyruvate kinase gene deletion mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Sawada K, Zen-in S, Wada M, Yokota A	Metab Eng	10.1016/j.ymben.2010.01.004	2010	*
Pathogenicity	Antimalarial and antitubercular nostocarboline and eudistomin derivatives: synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation.	Bonazzi S, Barbaras D, Patiny L, Scopelliti R, Schneider P, Cole ST, Kaiser M, Brun R, Gademann K	Bioorg Med Chem	10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.013	2010	*
Metabolism	The Zur regulon of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Schroder J, Jochmann N, Rodionov DA, Tauch A	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-11-12	2010	*
Metabolism	The GlxR regulon of the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum: Detection of the corynebacterial core regulon and integration into the transcriptional regulatory network model.	Kohl TA, Tauch A	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.08.005	2009	*
Metabolism	Characterization of an adenylate cyclase gene (cyaB) deletion mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Cha PH, Park SY, Moon MW, Subhadra B, Oh TK, Kim E, Kim JF, Lee JK	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-009-2066-9	2009	*
Metabolism	Double deletion of dtsR1 and pyc induce efficient L: -glutamate overproduction in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yao W, Deng X, Zhong H, Liu M, Zheng P, Sun Z, Zhang Y	J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s10295-009-0569-0	2009	*
Metabolism	Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays.	Jochmann N, Kurze AK, Czaja LF, Brinkrolf K, Brune I, Huser AT, Hansmeier N, Puhler A, Borovok I, Tauch A	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.025841-0	2009	*
Metabolism	Regulation of ldh expression during biotin-limited growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Dietrich C, Nato A, Bost B, Le Marechal P, Guyonvarch A	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.022004-0	2009	*
Enzymology	[Cloning, expression and sequence analysis of DS I gene in Corynebacterium pekinense AS1.299 and PD-67].	Zhang C, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ding J	Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao		2008	*
Metabolism	Characterization of the LacI-type transcriptional repressor RbsR controlling ribose transport in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Nentwich SS, Brinkrolf K, Gaigalat L, Huser AT, Rey DA, Mohrbach T, Marin K, Puhler A, Tauch A, Kalinowski J	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.020388-0	2009	*
Metabolism	Response of the cytoplasmic and membrane proteome of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 to pH changes.	Barriuso-Iglesias M, Schluesener D, Barreiro C, Poetsch A, Martin JF	BMC Microbiol	10.1186/1471-2180-8-225	2008	*
Metabolism	Myo-inositol facilitators IolT1 and IolT2 enhance D-mannitol formation from D-fructose in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Baumchen C, Krings E, Bringer S, Eggeling L, Sahm H	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01425.x	2008	*
Metabolism	Enhanced valine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum with defective H+-ATPase and C-terminal truncated acetohydroxyacid synthase.	Wada M, Hijikata N, Aoki R, Takesue N, Yokota A	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	10.1271/bbb.80434	2008	*
Genetics	In silico genome-scale reconstruction and validation of the Corynebacterium glutamicum metabolic network.	Kjeldsen KR, Nielsen J	Biotechnol Bioeng	10.1002/bit.22067	2009	*
Metabolism	The dual transcriptional regulator CysR in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 controls a subset of genes of the McbR regulon in response to the availability of sulphide acceptor molecules.	Ruckert C, Milse J, Albersmeier A, Koch DJ, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-9-483	2008	*
Metabolism	Identification and characterization of the dicarboxylate uptake system DccT in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Youn JW, Jolkver E, Kramer R, Marin K, Wendisch VF	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.00780-08	2008	*
Enzymology	Corynebacterium glutamicum contains 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthases that display novel biochemical features.	Liu YJ, Li PP, Zhao KX, Wang BJ, Jiang CY, Drake HL, Liu SJ	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.00262-08	2008	*
Metabolism	The GlxR regulon of the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum: in silico and in vitro detection of DNA binding sites of a global transcription regulator.	Kohl TA, Baumbach J, Jungwirth B, Puhler A, Tauch A	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.05.011	2008	*
Metabolism	Population Heterogeneity in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 caused by prophage CGP3.	Frunzke J, Bramkamp M, Schweitzer JE, Bott M	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.00310-08	2008	*
Metabolism	The LacI/GalR family transcriptional regulator UriR negatively controls uridine utilization of Corynebacterium glutamicum by binding to catabolite-responsive element (cre)-like sequences.	Brinkrolf K, Ploger S, Solle S, Brune I, Nentwich SS, Huser AT, Kalinowski J, Puhler A, Tauch A	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.2007/014001-0	2008	*
Enzymology	S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase from Corynebacterium glutamicum: cloning, overexpression, purification, and biochemical characterization.	Lozada-Ramirez JD, Martinez-Martinez I, Sanchez-Ferrer A, Garcia-Carmona F	J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1159/000115846	2008	*
Proteome	Cytoplasmic proteome reference map for a glutamic acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 14067.	Li L, Wada M, Yokota A	Proteomics	10.1002/pmic.200700269	2007	*
Metabolism	The DeoR-type transcriptional regulator SugR acts as a repressor for genes encoding the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Gaigalat L, Schluter JP, Hartmann M, Mormann S, Tauch A, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	BMC Mol Biol	10.1186/1471-2199-8-104	2007	*
Enzymology	Metabolic flux engineering of L-lysine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum--over expression and modification of G6P dehydrogenase.	Becker J, Klopprogge C, Herold A, Zelder O, Bolten CJ, Wittmann C	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.05.026	2007	*
Metabolism	Expression of glf Z.m. increases D-mannitol formation in whole cell biotransformation with resting cells of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Baumchen C, Bringer-Meyer S	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-007-0987-8	2007	*
Stress	The extracytoplasmic function-type sigma factor SigM of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 is involved in transcription of disulfide stress-related genes.	Nakunst D, Larisch C, Huser AT, Tauch A, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.00382-07	2007	*
Metabolism	Anaerobic growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum using nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor.	Nishimura T, Vertes AA, Shinoda Y, Inui M, Yukawa H	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-007-0879-y	2007	*
Genetics	The IclR-type transcriptional repressor LtbR regulates the expression of leucine and tryptophan biosynthesis genes in the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Brune I, Jochmann N, Brinkrolf K, Huser AT, Gerstmeir R, Eikmanns BJ, Kalinowski J, Puhler A, Tauch A	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.01876-06	2007	*
Metabolism	The transcriptional regulatory network of the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Brinkrolf K, Brune I, Tauch A	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.12.013	2006	*
Genetics	The alternative sigma factor SigB of Corynebacterium glutamicum modulates global gene expression during transition from exponential growth to stationary phase.	Larisch C, Nakunst D, Huser AT, Tauch A, Kalinowski J	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-8-4	2007	*
Metabolism	The phosphotransferase system of Corynebacterium glutamicum: features of sugar transport and carbon regulation.	Moon MW, Park SY, Choi SK, Lee JK	J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1159/000096458	2007	*
Biotechnology	Role of cytochrome bd oxidase from Corynebacterium glutamicum in growth and lysine production.	Kabus A, Niebisch A, Bott M	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.01818-06	2006	*
Phylogeny	Random mutagenesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 using an IS6100-based transposon vector identified the last unknown gene in the histidine biosynthesis pathway.	Mormann S, Lomker A, Ruckert C, Gaigalat L, Tauch A, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-7-205	2006	*
Metabolism	Heterologous expression and localization of gentisate transporter Ncg12922 from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Xu Y, Yan DZ, Zhou NY	Biochem Biophys Res Commun	10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.143	2006	*
Enzymology	Expression of alr gene from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 in Escherichia coli and molecular characterization of the recombinant alanine racemase.	Oikawa T, Tauch A, Schaffer S, Fujioka T	J Biotechnol	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.04.002	2006	*
Enzymology	[Cloning, sequence analysis and expression of N-acetylglutamate kinase gene in Corynebacterium crenatum].	Hao N, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Zhang YZ, Ding JY	Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao		2006	*
Metabolism	Oxygen limitation is a pitfall during screening for industrial strains.	Zimmermann HF, Anderlei T, Buchs J, Binder M	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-006-0414-6	2006	*
Enzymology	The surface (S)-layer gene cspB of Corynebacterium glutamicum is transcriptionally activated by a LuxR-type regulator and located on a 6 kb genomic island absent from the type strain ATCC 13032.	Hansmeier N, Albersmeier A, Tauch A, Damberg T, Ros R, Anselmetti D, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.28673-0	2006	*
Metabolism	The DtxR protein acting as dual transcriptional regulator directs a global regulatory network involved in iron metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Brune I, Werner H, Huser AT, Kalinowski J, Puhler A, Tauch A	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-7-21	2006	*
Genetics	Transcriptional analysis of the F0F1 ATPase operon of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 reveals strong induction by alkaline pH.	Barriuso-Iglesias M, Barreiro C, Flechoso F, Martin JF	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.28383-0	2006	*
Metabolism	Accumulation of homolanthionine and activation of a novel pathway for isoleucine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum McbR deletion strains.	Kromer JO, Heinzle E, Schroder H, Wittmann C	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.188.2.609-618.2006	2006	*
Proteome	The cytosolic, cell surface and extracellular proteomes of the biotechnologically important soil bacterium Corynebacterium efficiens YS-314 in comparison to those of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Hansmeier N, Chao TC, Puhler A, Tauch A, Kalinowski J	Proteomics	10.1002/pmic.200500144	2006	*
Metabolism	Analysis of genes involved in arsenic resistance in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Ordonez E, Letek M, Valbuena N, Gil JA, Mateos LM	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.71.10.6206-6215.2005	2005	*
Metabolism	Role of the ssu and seu genes of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 in utilization of sulfonates and sulfonate esters as sulfur sources.	Koch DJ, Ruckert C, Rey DA, Mix A, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.71.10.6104-6114.2005	2005	*
Metabolism	The transcriptional regulator SsuR activates expression of the Corynebacterium glutamicum sulphonate utilization genes in the absence of sulphate.	Koch DJ, Ruckert C, Albersmeier A, Huser AT, Tauch A, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04836.x	2005	*
Genetics	Identification and characterization of PorH, a new cell wall channel of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hunten P, Costa-Riu N, Palm D, Lottspeich F, Benz R	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.07.011	2005	*
Metabolism	[Glyoxylate cycle is required for the overproduction of glutamate but is not essential for Corynebacterium glutamicum growth on glucose].	Yu BQ, Shen W, Wang ZX, Zhuge J	Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao		2005	*
Metabolism	The amrG1 gene is involved in the activation of acetate in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Ruan H, Gerstmeir R, Schnicke S, Eikmanns BJ	Sci China C Life Sci	10.1007/BF02879662	2005	*
Genetics	The individual and common repertoire of DNA-binding transcriptional regulators of Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium efficiens, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium jeikeium deduced from the complete genome sequences.	Brune I, Brinkrolf K, Kalinowski J, Puhler A, Tauch A	BMC Genomics	10.1186/1471-2164-6-86	2005	*
Metabolism	The McbR repressor modulated by the effector substance S-adenosylhomocysteine controls directly the transcription of a regulon involved in sulphur metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Rey DA, Nentwich SS, Koch DJ, Ruckert C, Puhler A, Tauch A, Kalinowski J	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04586.x	2005	*
Metabolism	Analyses of enzyme II gene mutants for sugar transport and heterologous expression of fructokinase gene in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Moon MW, Kim HJ, Oh TK, Shin CS, Lee JS, Kim SJ, Lee JK	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/j.femsle.2005.01.053	2005	*
Metabolism	Formation of volutin granules in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Pallerla SR, Knebel S, Polen T, Klauth P, Hollender J, Wendisch VF, Schoberth SM	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/j.femsle.2004.11.047	2005	*
Proteome	Heat shock proteome analysis of wild-type Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 and a spontaneous mutant lacking GroEL1, a dispensable chaperone.	Barreiro C, Gonzalez-Lavado E, Brand S, Tauch A, Martin JF	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.187.3.884-889.2005	2005	*
Metabolism	The glycosylated cell surface protein Rpf2, containing a resuscitation-promoting factor motif, is involved in intercellular communication of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hartmann M, Barsch A, Niehaus K, Puhler A, Tauch A, Kalinowski J	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-004-0713-1	2004	*
Metabolism	LcoP, an osmoregulated betaine/ectoine uptake system from Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Steger R, Weinand M, Kramer R, Morbach S	FEBS Lett	10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.067	2004	*
Metabolism	Dynamic calibration and dissolved gas analysis using membrane inlet mass spectrometry for the quantification of cell respiration.	Yang TH, Wittmann C, Heinzle E	Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom	10.1002/rcm.1251	2003	*
Metabolism	Identification of an anion-specific channel in the cell wall of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Costa-Riu N, Maier E, Burkovski A, Kramer R, Lottspeich F, Benz R	Mol Microbiol	10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03754.x	2003	*
Metabolism	Identification and characterization of the last two unknown genes, dapC and dapF, in the succinylase branch of the L-lysine biosynthesis of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hartmann M, Tauch A, Eggeling L, Bathe B, Mockel B, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	J Biotechnol	10.1016/s0168-1656(03)00156-1	2003	*
Genetics	The complete Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 genome sequence and its impact on the production of L-aspartate-derived amino acids and vitamins.	Kalinowski J, Bathe B, Bartels D, Bischoff N, Bott M, Burkovski A, Dusch N, Eggeling L, Eikmanns BJ, Gaigalat L, Goesmann A, Hartmann M, Huthmacher K, Kramer R, Linke B, McHardy AC, Meyer F, Mockel B, Pfefferle W, Puhler A, Rey DA, Ruckert C, Rupp O, Sahm H, Wendisch VF, Wiegrabe I, Tauch A	J Biotechnol	10.1016/s0168-1656(03)00154-8	2003	*
Metabolism	PorA represents the major cell wall channel of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Costa-Riu N, Burkovski A, Kramer R, Benz R	J Bacteriol	10.1128/JB.185.16.4779-4786.2003	2003	*
Metabolism	Three pathways for trehalose metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 and their significance in response to osmotic stress.	Wolf A, Kramer R, Morbach S	Mol Microbiol	10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03625.x	2003	*
Metabolism	New insights into the biogenesis of the cell envelope of corynebacteria: identification and functional characterization of five new mycoloyltransferase genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	De Sousa-D'Auria C, Kacem R, Puech V, Tropis M, Leblon G, Houssin C, Daffe M	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00396-3	2003	*
Genetics	The Corynebacterium glutamicum genome: features and impacts on biotechnological processes.	Ikeda M, Nakagawa S	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-003-1328-1	2003	*
Phylogeny	Identification and functional analysis of six mycolyltransferase genes of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032: the genes cop1, cmt1, and cmt2 can replace each other in the synthesis of trehalose dicorynomycolate, a component of the mycolic acid layer of the cell envelope.	Brand S, Niehaus K, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s00203-003-0556-1	2003	*
Metabolism	Global expression profiling and physiological characterization of Corynebacterium glutamicum grown in the presence of L-valine.	Lange C, Rittmann D, Wendisch VF, Bott M, Sahm H	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.69.5.2521-2532.2003	2003	*
Metabolism	Genealogy profiling through strain improvement by using metabolic network analysis: metabolic flux genealogy of several generations of lysine-producing corynebacteria.	Wittmann C, Heinzle E	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.68.12.5843-5859.2002	2002	*
Enzymology	The alanine racemase gene alr is an alternative to antibiotic resistance genes in cloning systems for industrial Corynebacterium glutamicum strains.	Tauch A, Gotker S, Puhler A, Kalinowski J, Thierbach G	J Biotechnol	10.1016/s0168-1656(02)00159-1	2002	*
Genetics	Strategy to sequence the genome of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032: use of a cosmid and a bacterial artificial chromosome library.	Tauch A, Homann I, Mormann S, Ruberg S, Billault A, Bathe B, Brand S, Brockmann-Gretza O, Ruckert C, Schischka N, Wrenger C, Hoheisel J, Mockel B, Huthmacher K, Pfefferle W, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	J Biotechnol	10.1016/s0168-1656(01)00443-6	2002	*
Cultivation	Nitrogen and carbon regulation of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Schulz AA, Collett HJ, Reid SJ	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10973.x	2001	*
Metabolism	A Corynebacterium glutamicum mutant with a defined deletion within the rplK gene is impaired in (p)ppGpp accumulation upon amino acid starvation.	Wehmeier L, Brockmann-Gretza O, Pisabarro A, Tauch A, Puhler A, Martin JF, Kalinowski J	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/00221287-147-3-691	2001	*
Genetics	The Corynebacterium glutamicum insertion sequence ISCg2 prefers conserved target sequences located adjacent to genes involved in aspartate and glutamate metabolism.	Quast K, Bathe B, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Mol Gen Genet	10.1007/s004380051119	1999	*
Stress	A heat shock following electroporation induces highly efficient transformation of Corynebacterium glutamicum with xenogeneic plasmid DNA.	van der Rest ME, Lange C, Molenaar D	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s002530051557	1999	*
Enzymology	Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032--genetic characterization of a second class IV enzyme.	Oehlmann W, Auling G	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/13500872-145-7-1595	1999	*
Pathogenicity	The tetAB genes of the Corynebacterium striatum R-plasmid pTP10 encode an ABC transporter and confer tetracycline, oxytetracycline and oxacillin resistance in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Tauch A, Krieft S, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13503.x	1999	*
Metabolism	The role of the Corynebacterium glutamicum rel gene in (p)ppGpp metabolism.	Wehmeier L, Schafer A, Burkovski A, Krmer R, Mechold U, Malke H, Phler A, Kalinowski J	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/00221287-144-7-1853	1998	*
Genetics	Isoleucine uptake in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 is directed by the brnQ gene product.	Tauch A, Hermann T, Burkovski A, Kramer R, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s002030050576	1998	*
Genetics	[Construction and characteristics of a cosmid library of genes of the bacterium Cornyebacterium glutamicum ATSS13032].	Bukanov NO, Nashchokina OO, Borinskaia SA, Lobashev AV, Fonshtein MIu, Gusiatiner MM, Debabov VG, Iankovskii NK	Genetika		1998	*
Enzymology	The Corynebacterium glutamicum cglIM gene encoding a 5-cytosine methyltransferase enzyme confers a specific DNA methylation pattern in an McrBC-deficient Escherichia coli strain.	Schafer A, Tauch A, Droste N, Puhler A, Kalinowski J	Gene	10.1016/s0378-1119(97)00519-2	1997	*
Pathogenicity	A Corynebacterium glutamicum gene conferring multidrug resistance in the heterologous host Escherichia coli.	Jager W, Kalinowski J, Puhler A	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.179.7.2449-2451.1997	1997	*
Enzymology	A physical and genetic map of the Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 chromosome.	Bathe B, Kalinowski J, Puhler A	Mol Gen Genet	10.1007/BF02173771	1996	*
Enzymology	A Corynebacterium glutamicum gene encoding a two-domain protein similar to biotin carboxylases and biotin-carboxyl-carrier proteins.	Jager W, Peters-Wendisch PG, Kalinowski J, Puhler A	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/s002030050359	1996	*
Enzymology	Genes and enzymes of the acetyl cycle of arginine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum: enzyme evolution in the early steps of the arginine pathway.	Sakanyan V, Petrosyan P, Lecocq M, Boyen A, Legrain C, Demarez M, Hallet JN, Glansdorff N	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/13500872-142-1-99	1996	*
Metabolism	Glycine betaine uptake after hyperosmotic shift in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Farwick M, Siewe RM, Kramer R	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.177.16.4690-4695.1995	1995	*
Enzymology	The erythromycin resistance gene of the Corynebacterium xerosis R-plasmid pTP10 also carrying chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and tetracycline resistances is capable of transposition in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Tauch A, Kassing F, Kalinowski J, Puhler A	Plasmid	10.1006/plas.1995.1018	1995	*
Genetics	In situ probing of gram-positive bacteria with high DNA G + C content using 23S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides.	Roller C, Wagner M, Amann R, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/00221287-140-10-2849	1994	*
Metabolism	Expression of the Bacillus subtilis sacB gene leads to sucrose sensitivity in the gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum but not in Streptomyces lividans.	Jager W, Schafer A, Puhler A, Labes G, Wohlleben W	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.174.16.5462-5465.1992	1992	*
Metabolism	Genetic and biochemical analysis of the aspartokinase from Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Kalinowski J, Cremer J, Bachmann B, Eggeling L, Sahm H, Puhler A	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01893.x	1991	*
Metabolism	Lysine uptake and exchange in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Broer S, Kramer R	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.172.12.7241-7248.1990	1990	*
Enzymology	Aspartokinase genes lysC alpha and lysC beta overlap and are adjacent to the aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene asd in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Kalinowski J, Bachmann B, Thierbach G, Puhler A	Mol Gen Genet	10.1007/BF00262424	1990	*
Enzymology	Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase-coding gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032.	O'Regan M, Thierbach G, Bachmann B, Villeval D, Lepage P, Viret JF, Lemoine Y	Gene	10.1016/0378-1119(89)90072-3	1989	*
Metabolism	Transport of branched-chain amino acids in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Ebbighausen H, Weil B, Kramer R	Arch Microbiol	10.1007/BF00413136	1989	*
Metabolism	Microbial synthesis of L-[15N]leucine L-[15N]isoleucine, and L-[3-13C]-and L-[3'-13C]isoleucines studied by nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.	Kahana ZE, Gopher A, Dorsman M, Lapidot A	Anal Biochem	10.1016/0003-2697(88)90036-x	1988	*
Metabolism	[Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide synthesis by microorganisms].	Kutseva LS, Bazdyreva NM, Ivanova LB	Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol		1981	*
Metabolism	[Characteristics of nucleoside and pyrimidine base metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum].	Grishchenkov VG, Sukhodolets VV, Smirnov IuV	Mikrobiologiia		1978	*
Cultivation	[Formation of B12 auxotrophs among spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum].	Vikhanskii IuD	Genetika		1978	*
Metabolism	Induction of nutritional mutants of Micrococcus glutamicus and their amino acid accumulation.	Banik AK, Majumdar SK	Folia Microbiol (Praha)	10.1007/BF02877084	1975	*
Genetics	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 based on whole-genome sequencing for efficient N-acetylglucosamine synthesis.	Deng C, Lv X, Liu Y, Li J, Lu W, Du G, Liu L	Synth Syst Biotechnol	10.1016/j.synbio.2019.05.002	2019	*
Transcriptome	[Screening efficient constitutive promoters in Corynebacterium glutamicum based on time-series transcriptome analysis].	Wang Y, Liu J, Ni X, Lei Y, Zheng P, Diao A	Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao	10.13345/j.cjb.180041	2018	*
Genetics	Development of a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing toolbox for Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Liu J, Wang Y, Lu Y, Zheng P, Sun J, Ma Y	Microb Cell Fact	10.1186/s12934-017-0815-5	2017	*
Metabolism	Impact of mycolic acid deficiency on cells of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13869.	Gao Y, Hu X, Wang J, Li H, Wang X	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1002/bab.1622	2017	*
Metabolism	Construction and application of an efficient multiple-gene-deletion system in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Hu J, Tan Y, Li Y, Hu X, Xu D, Wang X	Plasmid	10.1016/j.plasmid.2013.07.001	2013	*
Metabolism	Glutamate efflux mediated by Corynebacterium glutamicum MscCG, Escherichia coli MscS, and their derivatives.	Becker M, Borngen K, Nomura T, Battle AR, Marin K, Martinac B, Kramer R	Biochim Biophys Acta	10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.01.001	2013	*
Metabolism	Purification and structure analysis of mycolic acids in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yang Y, Shi F, Tao G, Wang X	J Microbiol	10.1007/s12275-012-1459-0	2012	*
Phylogeny	Structure and organization of the rrnD operon of 'Brevibacterium lactofermentum': analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.	Amador E, Castro JM, Correia A, Martin JF	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/13500872-145-4-915	1999	*
Genetics	Cloning and characterization of a DNA region encoding a stress-sensitive restriction system from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 and analysis of its role in intergeneric conjugation with Escherichia coli.	Schafer A, Schwarzer A, Kalinowski J, Puhler A	J Bacteriol	10.1128/jb.176.23.7309-7319.1994	1994	*
Enzymology	Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the genome of amino acid producing corynebacteria: chromosome sizes and diversity of restriction patterns.	Correia A, Martin JF, Castro JM	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/00221287-140-10-2841	1994	*
Biotechnology	Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for acetate-based itaconic acid production.	Schmollack M, Werner F, Huber J, Kiefer D, Merkel M, Hausmann R, Siebert D, Blombach B	Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod	10.1186/s13068-022-02238-3	2022	*
Phenotype	Base editor enables rational genome-scale functional screening for enhanced industrial phenotypes in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Liu Y, Wang R, Liu J, Lu H, Li H, Wang Y, Ni X, Li J, Guo Y, Ma H, Liao X, Wang M	Sci Adv	10.1126/sciadv.abq2157	2022	*
Metabolism	The implication of Sortase E in the morphology and physiology of Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Aliyath S, Nampoothiri KM	FEMS Microbiol Lett	10.1093/femsle/fnac080	2022	*
	Tyramine Derivatives Catalyze the Aldol Dimerization of Butyraldehyde in the Presence of E. coli.	Dennis JA, Sadler JC, Wallace S	Chembiochem	10.1002/cbic.202200238	2022	*
	In silico analysis of nitrilase-3 protein from Corynebacterium glutamicum for bioremediation of nitrile herbicides.	Amrutha M, Nampoothiri KM	J Genet Eng Biotechnol	10.1186/s43141-022-00332-5	2022	*
	Transcriptional Regulation of the Creatine Utilization Genes of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 14067 by AmtR, a Central Nitrogen Regulator.	Zhang H, Ouyang Z, Zhao N, Han S, Zheng S	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2022.816628	2022	*
	Chromosomal editing of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid.	Yao C, Shi F, Wang X	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	10.1002/bab.2324	2022	*
	High-Quality Genome-Scale Reconstruction of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032.	Feierabend M, Renz A, Zelle E, Noh K, Wiechert W, Drager A	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2021.750206	2021	*
	Development of a defined medium for Corynebacterium glutamicum using urea as nitrogen source.	Yang P, Chen Y, Gong AD	3 Biotech	10.1007/s13205-021-02959-6	2021	*
	Identification of phage recombinase function unit in genus Corynebacterium.	Chang Y, Wang Q, Su T, Qi Q	Appl Microbiol Biotechnol	10.1007/s00253-021-11384-x	2021	*
	Construction and application of a CRISPR/Cas9-assisted genomic editing system for Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Yao C, Hu X, Wang X	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-021-01231-7	2021	*
	Incorporation of alternative amino acids into cyanophycin by different cyanophycin synthetases heterologously expressed in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Wordemann R, Wiefel L, Wendisch VF, Steinbuchel A	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-021-01217-5	2021	*
	Comprehensive Analysis of C. glutamicum Anaplerotic Deletion Mutants Under Defined d-Glucose Conditions.	Kappelmann J, Klein B, Papenfuss M, Lange J, Blombach B, Takors R, Wiechert W, Polen T, Noack S	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2020.602936	2021	*
	Revisiting the Growth Modulon of Corynebacterium glutamicum Under Glucose Limited Chemostat Conditions.	Graf M, Haas T, Teleki A, Feith A, Cerff M, Wiechert W, Noh K, Busche T, Kalinowski J, Takors R	Front Bioeng Biotechnol	10.3389/fbioe.2020.584614	2020	*
	Heterologous expression of genes for bioconversion of xylose to xylonic acid in Corynebacterium glutamicum and optimization of the bioprocess.	Sundar MSL, Susmitha A, Rajan D, Hannibal S, Sasikumar K, Wendisch VF, Nampoothiri KM	AMB Express	10.1186/s13568-020-01003-9	2020	*
	Identification and Functional Characterization of Small Alarmone Synthetases in Corynebacterium glutamicum.	Ruwe M, Kalinowski J, Persicke M	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01601	2017	*
	Polymerization Dynamics of the Prophage-Encoded Actin-Like Protein AlpC Is Influenced by the DNA-Binding Adapter AlpA.	Forde AJ, Albrecht N, Klingl A, Donovan C, Bramkamp M	Front Microbiol	10.3389/fmicb.2017.01429	2017	*
	A new genome-scale metabolic model of Corynebacterium glutamicum and its application.	Zhang Y, Cai J, Shang X, Wang B, Liu S, Chai X, Tan T, Zhang Y, Wen T	Biotechnol Biofuels	10.1186/s13068-017-0856-3	2017	*
	Live cell imaging of SOS and prophage dynamics in isogenic bacterial populations.	Helfrich S, Pfeifer E, Kramer C, Sachs CC, Wiechert W, Kohlheyer D, Noh K, Frunzke J	Mol Microbiol	10.1111/mmi.13147	2015	*
	Transcriptional analysis of the F0F1 ATPase operon of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 reveals strong induction by alkaline pH.	Barriuso-Iglesias M, Barreiro C, Flechoso F, Martin JF	Microbiology (Reading)	10.1099/mic.0.068692-0	2013	*
	Accumulation of anthranilic acid and N-glucosylanthranilic acid by a Corynebacterium glutamicum mutant resistant to DL-serine hydroxamate.	Araki K, Takakura H, Miyajima Y, Akashi Y, Kawanishi K, Kakita S, Kondo Y	J Gen Appl Microbiol	10.2323/jgam.45.169	1999	*
	In vivo fluxes in the ammonium-assimilatory pathways in corynebacterium glutamicum studied by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance	Tesch M, de Graaf AA, Sahm H	Appl Environ Microbiol	10.1128/AEM.65.3.1099-1109.1999	1999	*
	Studies on urea biosensors based on immobilized corynebacterium glutamicum and their kinetic response processes.	Lei CH, Bao YF, Deng JQ, Lei CX	Talanta	10.1016/0039-9140(95)01594-2	1995	*
	Characterization of pGA1, a new plasmid from Corynebacterium glutamicum LP-6.	Sonnen H, Thierbach G, Kautz S, Kalinowski J, Schneider J, Puhler A, Kutzner HJ	Gene	10.1016/0378-1119(91)90298-p	1991	*
	Model-Guided Metabolic Rewiring for Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Butyrolactam Biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032.	Zhang Y, Zhao J, Wang X, Tang Y, Liu S, Wen T	Biology (Basel)	10.3390/biology11060846	2022	*

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* These data were automatically processed and therefore are not curated

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